CN216079868U - Quench tower and solid useless gasification melting system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a quenching tower and a solid waste gasification melting system, wherein the solid waste gasification melting system comprises a furnace body, a heat exchanger and a quenching tower which are sequentially communicated, the quenching tower is provided with a plurality of spray pipes, the quenching tower comprises an air inlet flange, an expanding pipe, a main shell and a reducing pipe which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, the expanding pipe is a conical shell with openings gradually enlarged from top to bottom, and the spray pipes are connected with the pipe wall of the expanding pipe in a circular array manner; according to the utility model, the flaring pipe is arranged on the quenching tower, so that the flowing cross-sectional area of the flue gas is continuously increased in the process of entering the spraying cavity of the main shell, the flowing speed of the flue gas is favorably slowed down, the flue gas can be fully contacted with water mist sprayed by the spraying pipe, and meanwhile, the arrangement mode of the spraying pipe also enables the water mist sprayed into the spraying cavity of the main shell to be more uniformly distributed, so that the flue gas can be uniformly cooled, and the cooling effect of the quenching tower is favorably improved.

Description

Quench tower and solid useless gasification melting system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a quenching tower and a solid waste gasification melting system.

Background

With the rapid development of socioeconomic in China, a large amount of harmful solid wastes such as sludge, waste residues and garbage are generated in daily life and industrial production processes, and if the harmful solid wastes are not properly treated, the harmful solid wastes can cause great harm to the ecological environment. Incineration is one of the main methods for treating solid waste at present, but secondary pollution of harmful substances such as dioxin, fly ash and nitrogen oxides generated by conventional incineration is serious, the treatment cost is high, and a clean and efficient solid waste recycling, reduction and harmless technology is urgently needed in modern society.

In the prior art, patent CN102537980A discloses a high-temperature melting treatment system for sludge, which performs high-temperature melting treatment on sludge to achieve harmless treatment of sludge. In the patent, after sludge is melted and combusted at high temperature in a furnace body, the generated high-temperature flue gas is directly sent to a downstream heat exchange device, but the flue gas still keeps higher temperature; therefore, how to cool down the high-temperature flue gas timely and quickly, the influence of the flue gas with overhigh temperature on downstream equipment is avoided, and the problem needing to be solved in the solid waste gasification melting system is solved.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In view of this, the present invention provides a quenching tower and a solid waste gasification melting system to solve the problem of how to cool down high temperature flue gas quickly in time in the existing solid waste gasification melting system.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the utility model is realized as follows:

the utility model provides a quench tower is applied to solid useless gasification melting system, solid useless gasification melting system is including furnace body, heat exchanger, the quench tower who communicates in proper order, the quench tower sets up a plurality of shower, the quench tower includes from last air intake flange dish, flaring pipe, main casing body, the throat pipe that connects gradually down, the flaring pipe is from last to the conical shell that the opening gradually enlarges down, the pipe wall connection of shower with ring array's mode and flaring pipe.

Furthermore, the spray pipe penetrates through the pipe wall of the flared pipe and is perpendicular to the outer tangent surface of the conical shell of the flared pipe.

Further, the taper angle D of the flared tube is 60-100 degrees.

Further, the main shell is provided with a third flue gas outlet for conveying the cooled flue gas to downstream equipment.

Furthermore, the necking pipe is a conical shell with a gradually reduced opening from top to bottom, and the bottom of the necking pipe is provided with a sewage outlet.

Further, the taper angle E of the necking pipe is 60-100 degrees.

Furthermore, the quenching tower and the heat exchanger are of an integrated structure.

Furthermore, a second flue gas outlet flange plate is arranged at the bottom of the heat exchanger, the gas inlet flange plate is connected with the second flue gas outlet flange plate, and a flue gas outlet at the bottom of the heat exchanger is directly communicated with a second flue gas inlet of the quenching tower.

Furthermore, the outer side wall of the main shell is provided with a second support and is connected with an external base body through the second support.

A solid waste gasification melting system comprises the quenching tower.

Compared with the prior art, the quenching tower and the solid waste gasification melting system have the following advantages:

according to the quench tower and the solid waste gasification melting system, the flaring pipe is arranged, so that the flowing cross-sectional area of flue gas is continuously increased in the process of entering the spraying cavity of the main shell, the flowing speed of the flue gas is favorably reduced, the flue gas can be fully contacted with water mist sprayed by the spraying pipe, and meanwhile, the arrangement mode of the spraying pipe enables the water mist sprayed into the spraying cavity of the main shell to be more uniformly distributed, the flue gas can be uniformly cooled, and the cooling effect of the quench tower is favorably improved.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the utility model and, together with the description, serve to explain the utility model and not to limit the utility model. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid waste gasification melting system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchanger and a junction between the heat exchanger and a furnace body according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of the embodiment of the present invention at C in FIG. 2;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a quenching tower in a solid waste gasification melting system according to an embodiment of the utility model.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a furnace body; 11. a melting chamber; 12. a contraction section; 13. a combustion chamber; 14. a solid waste inlet; 15. a slag discharge port; 16. a liquid spraying pipe; 17. a first flue gas outlet pipe; 2. a flue gas channel; 3. a heat exchanger; 31. a first flue gas inlet pipe; 32. a front header; 321. a compatibilization chamber; 322. a safety plug; 323. a pressure relief pipe; 33. an upper tube sheet; 34. a lower tube plate; 35. a heat exchange pipe; 351. a liner tube; 352. a seal member; 353. a buffer ring; 36. a thermal buffer; 38. a heat exchange housing; 39. a second flue gas outlet flange; 4. a quench tower; 40. a main housing; 41. a third flue gas outlet; 42. a sewage draining outlet; 43. an air inlet flange plate; 431. a second flue gas inlet; 44. a flared tube; 45. a shower pipe; 46. a necking pipe; 47. a spray chamber; 48. a second support.

Detailed Description

The inventive concepts of the present disclosure will be described hereinafter using terms commonly employed by those skilled in the art to convey the substance of their work to others skilled in the art. These utility concepts may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

The embodiment provides a solid waste gasification melting system aiming at a solid waste treatment technology, and the solid waste gasification melting system comprises a furnace body 1, a heat exchanger 3, a quench tower 4 and other equipment, wherein the furnace body 1 comprises a melting chamber 11, a contraction section 12 and a combustion chamber 13 which are sequentially communicated from bottom to top.

The melting chamber 11 is provided with a solid waste inlet 14 for conveying solid waste materials, such as waste residues, sludge, daily garbage and the like, into the melting chamber 11, melting the solid waste materials in the melting chamber 11, and generating high-temperature gaseous substances from the solid waste materials through a high-temperature environment of about 1400 ℃ in the melting chamber 11; then the high-temperature gaseous substance enters the combustion chamber 13 through the contraction section 12 to be combusted secondarily; the solid material remaining in the melting chamber 11 can be discharged through a slag discharge opening 15 at the bottom thereof. After the combustion process in the combustion chamber 13, generate the high temperature flue gas about 1200 ℃, set up spray tube 16 at the top of combustion chamber 13, spray to the high temperature flue gas that generates in the combustion chamber 13 for carry out the precooling to the high temperature flue gas, avoid the flue gas of high temperature directly to enter into downstream equipment, prevent that the high temperature flue gas from leading to downstream equipment to damage. Since the furnace body 1 is a conventional melting furnace, the specific structure and the operation principle thereof are the prior art, and are not described herein again.

In the prior art, although the high-temperature flue gas is cooled through the liquid spraying pipe 16 at the top of the combustion chamber 13, the flue gas entering the heat exchanger 3 from the furnace body 1 still has a high temperature, which is about 700 ℃; therefore, the high-temperature flue gas needs to be cooled in time, in this embodiment, on the basis of the prior art, a heat exchanger 3 and a quench tower 4 are improved, and a heat exchanger, a quench tower and a solid waste gasification melting system are provided for cooling the high-temperature flue gas discharged from the furnace body 1, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the heat exchanger 3 includes a front pipe box 32 and a heat exchange main body; the front pipe box 32 is communicated with the furnace body 1, so that high-temperature flue gas generated in the furnace body 1 can enter the heat exchanger 3. The heat exchange main part is tubular heat exchange structure, including heat exchange shell 38, front tube case 32 is connected with heat exchange shell 38, set up tube sheet 33, lower tube sheet 34, heat exchange tube 35 in the heat exchange shell 38, heat exchange tube 35 sets up along vertical direction, heat exchange tube 35 upper end and upper tube sheet 33 fixed connection, heat exchange tube 35 lower extreme and lower tube sheet 34 fixed connection.

Preferably, in the heat exchange main body, the high-temperature flue gas passes through a tube side, and the external heat exchange medium passes through a shell side, so that the heat exchange shell 38 is further provided with an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline of the heat exchange medium; in view of the fact that the terms "tube side" and "shell side" are common technical terms in the field of tubular heat exchangers, the flow conditions of high-temperature media and low-temperature media also belong to the common knowledge in the field, and are not described herein.

In addition, the potential safety hazards such as pressure vessel bursting and the like are considered to be easily generated in the chemical production process; for this reason, the present embodiment further improves the heat exchanger 3.

The front pipe box 32 is provided with a first flue gas inlet pipe 31, the furnace body 1 is provided with a first flue gas outlet pipe 17, the first flue gas inlet pipe 31 is connected with the first flue gas outlet pipe 17, and a flue gas flow channel 2 is formed, so that high-temperature flue gas generated in the combustion chamber 13 of the furnace body 1 can flow into the heat exchanger 3.

The top of the front channel 32 is provided with a pressure relief pipe 323, and the pressure relief pipe 323 is internally provided with a safety plug 322, so that if the pressure of high-temperature flue gas is fluctuated violently or the pipeline is blocked, the pressure in the solid waste gasification melting system is caused to be too high, especially the air pressure between the furnace body 1 and the heat exchanger 3, and the pressure relief pipe 323 and the safety plug 322 are arranged, so that when the air pressure reaches a certain threshold value, the high-temperature flue gas can push the safety plug 322 open for pressure relief, and safety accidents are prevented. In addition, the pipeline of the pressure relief pipe 323 can also be used as a manhole of the heat exchanger 3, so that the additional arrangement of a manhole on the heat exchanger 3 is avoided.

In addition, in prior art, after furnace body 1 carries out high temperature melting, burning to solid waste material, the high temperature flue gas of production directly sends into heat exchanger 3, often carries a large amount of solid particles such as flying ash, smoke and dust in the high temperature flue gas this moment, causes wearing and tearing easily to the heat transfer pipeline in heat exchanger 3, is unfavorable for improving the life of relevant equipment. For this reason, the present embodiment continues the structural optimization of the heat exchanger 3.

The front tube box 32 is internally provided with a capacity increasing chamber 321, the first flue gas inlet tube 31, the capacity increasing chamber 321 and the heat exchange tube 35 are sequentially communicated along the flow direction of flue gas, and meanwhile, the area of the flow section of the flue gas in the capacity increasing chamber 321 is larger than that of the flow section of the flue gas in the first flue gas inlet tube 31, so that the flow rate of the flue gas entering the capacity increasing chamber 321 from the first flue gas inlet tube 31 can be reduced along with the increase of the space, solid particles in high-temperature flue gas can automatically sink to the bottom of the capacity increasing chamber 321 or above the upper tube plate 33 under the action of self gravity, the amount of the solid particles entering the heat exchange tube 35 can be effectively reduced, on one hand, the abrasion of the solid particles on the heat exchange tube 35 can be reduced, the service life of the heat exchange tube 35 can be prolonged, on the other hand, the bottom of the capacity increasing chamber 321 or above the upper tube plate 33 can be regularly swept or cleaned, the situation that solid particles in high-temperature flue gas block a heat exchange channel is avoided.

In addition, the flue gas flow channel 2 formed by the first flue gas inlet pipe 31 and the first flue gas outlet pipe 17 prevents the flue gas from flowing into the heat exchanger 3 from the furnace body 1 at an excessively high flow speed, the flue gas flow channel 2 extends obliquely downwards and forms an included angle of 60-85 degrees with the vertical direction, so that the flue gas can pass through the first flue gas outlet pipe 17, the first flue gas inlet pipe 31 and the capacity increasing chamber 321 more gently, the flow rate of the flue gas is further reduced, the settling efficiency of solid particles in the flue gas is improved, the amount of the solid particles entering the heat exchange pipe 35 is reduced, and the abrasion of the solid particles to the heat exchange pipe 35 is reduced.

Compared with the flue gas outlet of the heat exchanger 3, the solid particles near the upper tube plate 33 flow faster, in order to avoid the condition that the tube plate structure at the position of the upper tube plate 33 is seriously abraded on one side, the upper tube plate 33 can be made of wear-resistant materials, as for the heat exchange tube 35, the heat exchange tube 35 is connected to the upper tube sheet 33, and at the same time, the heat exchange tube 35 is provided with a liner tube 351 at one end in the direction close to the upper tube sheet 33, the inner lining tube 351 is arranged above the heat exchange tube 35, one end of the inner lining tube 351 is connected with the upper tube plate 33, the other end extends to the inside of the heat exchange tube 35, and the lining pipe 351 is also made of wear-resistant materials, on one hand, the lining pipe is used for protecting the end part and the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe 35 and avoiding excessive wear of the inner wall of the heat exchange pipe 35 by solid particles, on the other hand, the temperature of the flue gas near the upper tube plate 33 is higher, and the arrangement of the lining pipe 351 can also effectively prevent the erosion of the high-temperature flue gas to the heat exchange pipe 35.

For the assembly among the heat exchange tube 35, the lining tube 351 and the upper tube plate 33, a sealing element 352 is arranged between the inner wall of the heat exchange tube 35 and the lining tube 351 and is used for reinforcing and sealing the sleeve connection between the heat exchange tube 35 and the lining tube 351, so that solid particles in smoke are prevented from entering between the heat exchange tube 35 and the lining tube 351, the connection firmness between the heat exchange tube 35 and the lining tube 351 is enhanced, and the smoke and the solid particles in the smoke can be prevented from entering a shell pass; among these, the sealing member 352 is preferably a ceramic fiber product, such as ceramic fiber paper.

Set up buffer ring 353 between interior bushing pipe 351, heat exchange tube 35 tip, the upper tube plate 33, be used for on the one hand to inside lining pipe 351, heat exchange tube 35 tip, the assembly between the upper tube plate 33 seal, avoid the solid particle in flue gas and the flue gas to get into the shell side, on the other hand because the material of parts such as tubular structure, tube sheet often is different, lead to the thermal deformation degree difference between the different parts, buffer ring 353's setting can also cushion the high temperature deformation of relevant part effectively.

After the high-temperature flue gas is subjected to heat recovery through the heat exchanger 3, the high-temperature flue gas enters the quenching tower 4, the quenching tower 4 is provided with a plurality of spray pipes 45, and the flue gas is further cooled by spraying water mist into the flue gas. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps:

quench tower 4 includes from last air intake flange 43, flared tube 44, main casing body 40, the throat pipe 46 that connects gradually down, spray chamber 47 has in the main casing body 40, flared tube 44 is from last to the conical shell that the opening gradually enlarges down, spray tube 45 is connected with the pipe wall of flared tube 44 with the mode of ring array, thereby through setting up flared tube 44, make the flue gas at the in-process that gets into main casing body 40's spray chamber 47, its flow cross-sectional area constantly increases, be favorable to slowing down the flow velocity of flue gas, make the flue gas fully contact with spray tube 45 spun water smoke, spray tube 45's the mode of setting also makes the water smoke distribution that sprays in main casing body 40's the spray chamber 47 more even simultaneously, can evenly cool down the flue gas, be favorable to further improving quench tower 4's cooling effect.

Preferably, the spraying pipe 45 penetrates through the pipe wall of the flared pipe 44 and is perpendicular to the outer tangent plane of the conical shell of the flared pipe 44, so that when the spraying pipe 45 sprays water mist into the spraying cavity 47, the water mist can be fully dispersed, which is beneficial to improving the uniformity of the water mist distribution in the spraying cavity 47, and ensures that the water mist is fully contacted with the flue gas. On the basis, the taper angle D of the flared pipe 44 is preferably 60-100 degrees, so that the water mist sprayed by the spraying pipe 45 can be contacted with the flue gas along an inclined downward angle, the flowing of the flue gas is not excessively hindered, the turbulence intensity of the flue gas in the spraying cavity 47 is also favorably intensified, and the flue gas is ensured to be fully contacted with the water mist.

In addition, the main housing 40 is provided with a third flue gas outlet 41 for conveying the cooled flue gas to downstream equipment; the reducing pipe 46 is a conical shell with a gradually reduced opening from top to bottom, the cone angle E of the reducing pipe 46 is preferably 60-100 degrees and is used for collecting water mist or water flow falling from the spraying cavity 47, and the bottom of the reducing pipe 46 is provided with a sewage outlet 42 for discharging the liquid collected by the reducing pipe 46.

Quenching tower 4 is preferably integrative structure with heat exchanger 3, quenching tower 4 top sets up air intake flange 43, heat exchanger 3 bottom sets up second flue gas outlet ring flange 39, air intake flange 43 is connected with second flue gas outlet ring flange 39, and the flue gas outlet of heat exchanger 3 bottom can be regarded as the second flue gas import 431 direct intercommunication with quenching tower 4 promptly, and the flue gas directly enters into quenching tower 4 after the heat transfer in heat exchanger 3.

The outer side wall of the main housing 40 is provided with a second support 48 and is connected with an external base body through the second support 48, so that the quenching tower 4 and the heat exchanger 3 are both fixed or supported by the external base body, which is beneficial to reducing the stress possibly existing between the quenching tower 4 and the heat exchanger 3 and ensuring the connection firmness between the quenching tower 4 and the heat exchanger 3.

In the present invention, the solid waste gasification melting system may include the heat exchanger 3 and the quenching tower 4 in the above embodiment, and on the basis of the related structure and connection relationship provided in the present application, the solid waste gasification melting system may further include conventional tail gas treatment equipment such as a desulfurization device, a denitration device, and a smoke exhaust device, so that after being treated by the heat exchanger 3 and the quenching tower 4, the smoke flows to subsequent tail gas treatment equipment through the third smoke outlet 41 of the quenching tower 4, and the tail gas is subjected to processes such as desulfurization and denitration continuously until meeting the emission standard and is discharged outside.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the utility model, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a quench tower is applied to solid useless gasification melting system, gu useless gasification melting system is including furnace body (1), heat exchanger (3), quench tower (4) that communicate in proper order, its characterized in that, quench tower (4) set up a plurality of shower (45), quench tower (4) are including from last air intake flange dish (43), flared tube (44), main casing body (40), the throat pipe (46) that connect gradually down, flared tube (44) are from last to the toper casing that the opening gradually enlarges down, shower (45) are connected with the pipe wall of flared tube (44) with the mode of ring array.

2. A quench tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said showers (45) extend through the wall of the flared tube (44) and are perpendicular to the circumscribed surface of the conical shell of the flared tube (44).

3. A quench tower according to claim 2, characterized in that the taper angle D of the flared tube (44) is 60 ° to 100 °.

4. A quench tower according to claim 1, characterized in that the main housing (40) is provided with a third flue gas outlet (41) for conveying cooled flue gas to downstream equipment.

5. A quench tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that said throat pipe (46) is a conical shell with a tapering opening from top to bottom, and that the bottom of said throat pipe (46) is provided with a drain outlet (42).

6. A quench tower according to claim 5, characterized in that the cone angle E of the converging tube (46) is 60 ° -100 °.

7. A quench tower according to claim 1, characterized in that the quench tower (4) is of one piece construction with the heat exchanger (3).

8. A quench tower as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that a second flue gas outlet flange (39) is arranged at the bottom of the heat exchanger (3), the gas inlet flange (43) is connected with the second flue gas outlet flange (39), and the flue gas outlet at the bottom of the heat exchanger (3) is directly communicated with the second flue gas inlet (431) of the quench tower (4).

9. A quench tower as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the outer side wall of said main housing (40) is provided with a second seat (48) and is connected to the external base by means of the second seat (48).

10. A solid waste gasification melting system, characterized in that it comprises a quench tower according to any of claims 1-9.

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