KR20120050597A - Hot forming apparatus using thermal deformation predicting for curved plates in ship and method therof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An apparatus and a method for processing a curved outer panel of a hull using the estimation of thermal deformation are provided to automatically create a grid necessary for finite element analysis by utilizing heating information, measured curve information, and property information on a curved outer panel of a hull. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for processing a curved outer panel of a hull using the estimation of thermal deformation comprises a calculation control unit(110), a deformation prediction simulator(120), and a hot-forming device(130). The calculation control unit creates heating information for automated heat treatment of a curved outer panel. The deformation prediction simulator receives the heating information and analyzes and predicts transformation shapes before actual heating. The hot-forming device processes the outer panel according to the predicted transformation.

Description

HOT FORMING APPARATUS USING THERMAL DEFORMATION PREDICTING FOR CURVED PLATES IN SHIP AND METHOD THEROF}

The present invention relates to hull machining automation, and more particularly to a hull curved shell plate processing apparatus and method using heat deformation prediction.

In general, the bow and stern portion of the ship is hydrodynamically designed to minimize the resistance and improve the ship's performance.

The curved part of the hull can be manufactured using mechanical methods or heat deformation generated by applying heat to flat steel during shipbuilding.

Parts with simple curved shapes can be manufactured by mechanical methods such as pressing or rolling, but parts with complicated bends are formed by thermal deformation instead of mechanical methods to form curved members.

The production using heat is made by skilled workers using combustion heat using oxygen and propane mixed gas or oxygen and ethylene mixed gas, and through some technology development, an automated device using high frequency induction heating apparatus has been developed and used.

When the heating operation is performed, the processing efficiency may show a big difference depending on which position and the heating amount of heat is performed. In fact, even the skilled worker has a big difference in the process and processing efficiency of the same shape.

On the other hand, what is recognized as an important technology to be developed in the automated device development of the thermal processing process is to calculate the heating position and heating intensity, that is, heating information to be processed into the desired curved shape, that is, the designed curved shape is performed That's the part.

According to the developer, a method for determining the heating position and the heating intensity through various algorithms is under study.

For example, the method of determining the heating position by using a finite element method and the method of determining the heating position by extracting geometric features between the design shape and the shape where the design shape is developed into a flat plate are the most important methodologies. Many studies and various developments have been carried out.

For example, the conventional hull shell surface processing system calculates the shape difference by matching and comparing the design surface and the measurement surface of the hull shell plate with the optimum surface, and then integrates the surface shell surface for surface machining based on the heat deformation information database. The apparatus may include a machining information generating device for generating machining information, and a hot machining automatic numerical control device for receiving integrated machining information from the machining information generating device and automatically executing hot machining.

However, the prior art hull-surface curved processing system only provides heating information, including the appropriate heating position and heating intensity, to the heating apparatus of the automated machining numerical control system, and any predicted value for the shape after performing the actual heating operation. It is not presenting.

In other words, after inputting the current surface with less processing through measurement, it provides a set of heating wires that can be heated once, and it is designed by measuring the curved surface again after actual heating is performed through the heating device. After reanalyzing the difference from the shape, the next set of heating wires is calculated.

This is a disadvantage that it is not possible to determine whether the presented heating information is correct information to manufacture the design shape without actually performing the heating operation.

Due to these reasons, there have always been questions about whether the proposed and developed heating information calculation algorithm is feasible and can be usefully used in actual thermal processing work. In order to confirm this, the thermal deformation is predicted using finite element analysis technology and its utility is examined.

In conventional thermal deformation finite element analysis, commercially available finite element analysis software (Nastran, Marc, Ansys, Abaqus, etc.) is mainly used, and the analysis method of the software is largely based on thermal elasto-plastic analysis and thermal elasto-plastic analysis. Equivalent forces method dominated.

However, in order to perform calculations using such commercial finite element analysis software, the curved surface is divided into finite element lattice, the thermal load and the boundary conditions in the machining process are entered in the coordinates of the heating information, and the calculation is performed. In the analysis, each step involves difficulties that must be dealt with manually by all the researchers who perform the analysis.

This is too much to achieve the purpose of verifying the validity of the heating information based on the result of the rapid deformation prediction for the heating information of the curved surface member to be processed in the automated device.

In the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to predict the deformation shape before performing the actual heating operation by using the heating information on the curved member, so as to quickly confirm the validity of the heating information.

According to an aspect of the present invention, the operation control unit for calculating the heating information to perform the automated curved heat processing of the hull curved shell plate, and receiving the heating information, by analyzing and predicting the deformation shape before performing the actual heating operation A hull curved shell plate processing apparatus using a thermal strain prediction including a strain prediction simulator for outputting a strain prediction result and a hot temporary factory value for actually machining the hull curved shell plate corresponding to the change prediction result may be provided.

The arithmetic and control unit may include a database unit which records and stores measurement information, design information, and heat deformation information of the hull curved shell plate in a storage device, a curved surface modeling module and integrated processing information using the measurement information and design information of the database unit. The module may include a software unit for reconfiguring the heating information to be utilized by the thermal processing apparatus.

In addition, the deformation prediction simulator is for finite element analysis by using the heating information received from the operation control unit, the measurement surface information for the hull curved shell plate to be heated by using the heating information, and the attribute information of the steel of the hull curved shell plate Preprocessing unit for creating an input file, an analysis unit for performing thermoelastic finite element analysis with the input file for finite element analysis, and outputting an analysis result; It may include a post-processing unit for displaying and storing the shape and deformation prediction data.

In addition, according to another aspect of the present invention, the step of calculating the heating information and the design shape data and measurement shape data of the hull curved shell plate in order to perform the automated curved thermal processing of the hull curved shell plate, and calculating the heating information; Pre-processing step in which deformation prediction simulator creates input file for finite element analysis by using heating information, analysis step for performing thermo-elastoplastic finite element analysis using the input file for finite element analysis, and completeness of surface processing from analysis results By performing the evaluation, the deformation prediction simulation step of sequentially performing post-processing steps of displaying and storing the deformation prediction shape and the deformation prediction data, and comparing the deformation prediction shape and the deformation prediction data of the deformation prediction simulation step with the design shape data A heating result analyzing step for evaluating and generating in the heating result analyzing step Has a curved surface may be provided hull plating processing method using the thermal deformation prediction including a processing step of performing a heating operation using the heat analysis result information.

In the preprocessing step, the grid information necessary for finite element analysis is generated by utilizing the heating information, the measurement curved surface information of the hull curved shell plate, and the property information of the steel of the hull curved shell plate, and the heating position and heating information of the heating information. The input file can be generated to extract finite element analysis by extracting the thermal load and the boundary condition used for machining.

Further, in the preprocessing step, each node of the finite element lattice using the positional coordinates of the boundary condition by measurement so that a member fix condition using a dog or banyan is reflected as a boundary condition. The constraint may be automatically mapped to a node closest to the position coordinate of the boundary condition.

In the analysis step, the three-dimensional thermo-elastoplastic analysis is performed based on the input file for finite element analysis to calculate and predict the thermal deformation caused by the heating operation. In the calculated result, the finite element analysis may be derived. The node calculations associated with the thermal deformations present and the element calculations can be stored as analysis results.

In addition, in the post-processing step, the node calculation value and the element calculation value are processed graphically on a computer screen, the surface matching before the deformation analysis and the predicted deformation shape are performed to visualize the deformation amount, The machining completeness of the curved surface can be determined from the surface matched result.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and apparatus for processing a hull curved shell plate by a deformation prediction simulator that can predict deformation shape by using heating information, thereby analyzing and predicting deformation shape before performing actual heating operation, and heating. The advantage is that you can quickly verify the validity of the information.

In addition, the present embodiment can automatically generate the grid network required for finite element analysis by using the heating information, the measurement curved surface information and the attribute information for the hull curved shell plate, it is possible to quickly derive the results.

In addition, the present embodiment is easy to use by providing a deformation prediction simulator including a pre-processing unit, a resolver unit, and a post process unit as a component and a user graphical interface thereof.

In addition, the present embodiment may modify, add, or delete constraints through the user graphical interface of the deformation prediction simulator.

In addition, in this embodiment, the pre-processing unit, the analysis unit, and the post-processing unit may be sequentially operated in response to the heating information input to the deformation prediction simulator to analyze and predict the deformation shape to store the deformation prediction shape and the deformation prediction data. have.

In addition, the present embodiment may output the heating result analysis information by automatically performing the analysis in accordance with the purpose to analyze the stored deformation prediction data.

In addition, the present embodiment may graphically process the calculation data related to the thermal deformation calculated and stored in the analysis step on a computer screen, and visualize the deformation amount by performing surface matching between the curved shape before the deformation analysis and the predicted deformation shape. .

In addition, the present embodiment may also perform the surface matching between the predicted deformation shape and the design shape to determine whether the thermal deformation is correctly generated in the desired direction.

In addition, the present embodiment can determine the surface finish degree from the surface matching results before and after the analysis.

In addition, in the present embodiment, various node calculation values and element calculation values may be graphically displayed on the analysis shape by the user.

1 is a block diagram of a hull curved shell plate processing apparatus using heat deformation prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a flowchart of a method for processing a hull curved shell plate using heat deformation prediction.
3 is a flowchart of the deformation prediction simulation step shown in FIG.
4 is a perspective view showing the constraint conditions in the hull curved shell plate processing.
5 is a screen capture of the user graphical interface of the deformation prediction simulator.
FIG. 6 is a screen capture diagram for exemplarily describing a graphic screen of a deformation prediction result of the deformation prediction simulator illustrated in FIG. 5.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description of the present invention, detailed description of known functions and configurations incorporated herein will be omitted when it may make the subject matter of the present invention rather unclear.

1 is a block diagram of a hull curved shell plate processing apparatus using heat deformation prediction according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the processing apparatus 100 of the present exemplary embodiment may include an operation controller 110, a deformation prediction simulator 120, and a hot processing apparatus 130.

The operation control unit 110 may be composed of computer software and computer hardware to calculate heating information for performing the automatic curved thermal processing of the hull curved shell plate.

The deformation prediction simulator 120 is configured by computer software and computer hardware, and receives the heating information from the operation control unit 110 and deforms the shape of the hull curved shell plate before performing the actual heating operation by the hot processing device 130. It may be configured to interpret and predict the result and output the deformation prediction result.

The hot working device 130 is a hot working part using a robot controlled by the calculation control unit 110, a margin cutting amount display part, a margin cutting part, and a measurement part so as to actually machine the hull curved shell plate corresponding to the change prediction result. It may include.

Here, the operation control unit 110 may include a database unit 111 for recording and storing the measurement information, design information, heat deformation information for the hull curved shell plate in the storage device.

In addition, the operation control unit 110 may include a software unit 112 composed of various modules.

For example, the software unit 112 may include a surface modeling module that performs surface modeling with measurement information and design information of the database unit 111.

In addition, the software unit 112 calculates the shape difference between the target shape and the measured shape by matching and comparing the optimum surface between the design surface and the measured surface, generates heating information based on the heat deformation information of the database, and predicts deformation. It may be provided with a heating information calculation module that serves to input the heating information toward the simulator (120).

In addition, the software unit 112 reconstructs and converts the heating information generated by the heating information calculation module or the heating information verified through the deformation prediction simulator 120 for operation control of the hot working apparatus, and converts and transfers the hot information. It may be provided with a heating information reconstruction transfer module for controlling the operation of the device.

In the present embodiment, the deformation prediction simulator 120 may include a preprocessor 121, an analyzer 122, and a postprocessor 123.

Pre-processing unit 121 is a finite element by using the heating information received from the operation control unit 110, the measurement surface information for the hull curved shell plate to be heated using the heating information, the property information of the steel material of the hull curved shell plate It can play the role of writing the input file for analysis.

The analysis unit 122 may play a role of outputting an analysis result by performing thermoelastic finite element analysis as an input file for finite element analysis.

The post-processing unit 123 may display and store the deformation prediction shape and the deformation prediction data by performing the curved machining completeness evaluation from the analysis result of the analysis unit 122.

Surface finish is an index for determining the similarity between two or more surfaces through surface matching. For example, the distance difference (error) between the points where a mapping relationship is established in two surfaces is expressed as a percentage (%). Can mean what you express.

The pretreatment unit 121 is a method capable of predicting the deformation of the hull curved shell plate according to the hot working based on the contents disclosed in the deformation prediction system and method of hot surface processing of the applicant's domestic patent application No. 10-2008-0089722. Since it may be configured, a detailed description thereof may be omitted in this embodiment.

In addition, the post-processing unit 123 performs the deformation prediction shape and deformation prediction by performing the surface machining completeness evaluation based on the system disclosed in the applicant's Korean Patent Application No. 10-2007-0068200 and the contents disclosed in the method and the method disclosed therein Since it may be configured to generate data, a detailed description thereof may be omitted in this embodiment.

Hereinafter, a method of processing a hull curved shell plate using heat deformation prediction according to the present embodiment will be described.

2 is a flowchart of a method for processing a hull curved shell plate using heat deformation prediction.

Referring to FIG. 2, the operation control unit 110 displays the design shape data and the measurement shape data of the hull curved shell plate as a curved surface and calculates heating information in order to perform the automated curved thermal processing of the hull curved shell plate (S111 and S112). , S113).

Here, the heating information generated by the calculation or the calculation may be input to the deformation prediction simulator so as to be utilized in the deformation prediction simulator.

That is, the deformation prediction simulator 120 may output the deformation prediction shape and the deformation prediction data by performing the deformation prediction simulation step S200 as described in detail below by using heating information.

Here, in the deformation prediction simulation step (S200), a preprocessing step of creating an input file for finite element analysis, an analysis step of performing thermoelastoplastic finite element analysis using the input file for finite element analysis, and a surface machining completeness from the analysis result The post-processing step of displaying and storing the modified prediction shape and the modified prediction data by performing the evaluation may be sequentially performed, and each step may be described in detail with reference to FIG. 3 below.

Meanwhile, the deformation prediction simulator 120 may perform a heating result analysis step S300 of evaluating the deformation prediction shape and the deformation prediction data of the deformation prediction simulation step S200 with the design shape data.

Here, the deformation prediction simulator 120 may include an analysis module programmed to automatically perform analysis for the purpose of analyzing the deformation prediction data and output the heating result analysis information.

That is, the analysis module of the deformation prediction simulator 120 may perform a kind of benchmark test. For example, in a strip-shaped plate-shaped member, the center of the member may be fixed and temperature may be applied to the upper and lower parts of the member. In this case, the moment acts on the member to change the arc shape of the curvature, and the deformation by the temperature difference in the thickness direction of the member can be predicted and confirmed by comparing the curvature with a theoretical value and checking the error.

Thereafter, the operation control unit 110 controls the hot processing apparatus 130 by using the heating result analysis information generated in the heating result analyzing step (S300), so that the hot processing apparatus 130 is heated, measured, and post-processed. Machining step (S114 ~ S119) to perform can be performed.

For example, the operation control unit 110 reconstructs the heating information for the operation control of the hot processing device 130 to control the hot processing device 130 by using the heating result analysis information generated in the heating result analysis step S300. The conversion step (S114) may be performed.

Thereafter, the operation control unit 110 transmits the converted heating information to the hot processing apparatus 130 and performs the control step (S115) of controlling the hot processing apparatus 130, whereby the hot processing apparatus 130 is heated. The heating step S116 may be performed to perform the operation.

After this heating step (S116), the measurement unit of the hot working device 130, that is, the measurement step (S117) and hot processing to measure the shape of the hot-formed hull surface shell plate through the heat deformation prediction is necessary more The determination step S118 of determining may further proceed.

When the hot working is no longer necessary, a post-treatment step (S119) including a steel margin calculation, cutting amount presentation, cutting amount marking, or cutting may be performed.

Hereinafter, the deformation prediction simulation step S200 will be described in detail.

3 is a flow chart of the deformation prediction simulation step shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 is a perspective view showing the constraints in the hull curved shell plate processing. 5 is a screen capture diagram of the user graphical interface of the deformation prediction simulator, and FIG. 6 is a screen capture diagram for exemplarily describing a deformation prediction graphic display of the deformation prediction simulator shown in FIG. 5.

Referring to FIG. 3, the deformation prediction simulation step S200 includes a preprocessing step S210, an analysis step S220, and a postprocessing step S230, as mentioned above.

In the pretreatment step (S210) by the pretreatment unit 121, the measurement information of the heating surface and the measurement surface information of the hull curved shell plate and the property information of the steel of the hull curved shell plate are utilized and visualized, and the meshing required for the finite element analysis is obtained. In addition, an input file capable of performing finite element analysis may be generated by extracting a thermal load calculated based on a heating position of the heating information and heating information and boundary conditions used for processing (S211 to S217).

In this case, in the pre-processing step (S210), a fix condition using dogs 210 and 211 or banjos 220 and 221 as shown in FIG. 4 is reflected to a boundary condition. By using the positional coordinates of the boundary condition, a process of mapping and setting the constraints to nodes that are closest to the positional coordinates of the boundary condition among each node of the finite element grid may be automatically performed.

That is, in the past, boundary conditions and the like were manually set, but in the present embodiment, the position coordinates of the boundary conditions are automatically input to the processing apparatus using three-dimensional measurement, thereby improving the dimensional accuracy and the processing speed.

In addition, in the analysis step (S220) by the analysis unit 122, the three-dimensional thermo-elastic finite element analysis is performed based on the input file for finite element analysis to predict and calculate the thermal deformation by the heating operation, the calculated result In, a process (S221) of storing node calculation values related to thermal deformation that can be derived through finite element analysis and element calculation values as an analysis result may be performed.

The node calculation value can be understood as [Table 1], the element calculation value [Table 2].

In addition, in the post-processing step (S230) by the post-processing unit 123, the node calculation value and the element calculation value are processed graphically on a computer screen, and the curved surface between the curved shape before the deformation analysis and the predicted deformation shape. By performing the matching to visualize the deformation amount, a process of determining the machining completeness of the surface from the surface matching results can be made (S231 ~ S235).

Referring to FIG. 5, the curved screen matching between the predicted deformation shape and the design shape may be performed through the computer screen of the deformation prediction simulator 120 to check whether thermal deformation is correctly generated in a desired direction. Various node calculation values summarized in [1] and element calculation values in [Table 2] can be optionally displayed graphically on the analysis shape.

In the left part of the user graphical interface of the deformation prediction simulator 120, the curved shape of the hull surface shell plate, heating information, heating results and various calculation results can be shown, and on the right side, the pre-processing, analysis, and post-processing processes are performed. The buttons 121a, 121b, 121c and the display control button 124 to be used may be disposed.

For example, by pressing the display control button 124, the deformation amount of the post-processing step may be displayed graphically on the curved shape. In this case, as shown in FIG. 6, the graphic screen 125 for the deformation prediction result of the deformation prediction simulator is displayed. You can check

While the present invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be practical exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but, on the contrary, You will understand. For example, a person skilled in the art can change the material, size and the like of each constituent element depending on the application field or can combine or substitute the embodiments in a form not clearly disclosed in the embodiment of the present invention, Of the range. Therefore, it should be understood that the above-described embodiments are to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and that such modified embodiments are included in the technical idea described in the claims of the present invention.

100: processing apparatus 110: operation control unit
120: deformation prediction simulator 130: hot processing device

Claims (8)

An arithmetic and control unit for calculating heating information for performing automated curved thermal processing of the hull curved shell plate;
A deformation prediction simulator that receives the heating information and analyzes and predicts a deformation shape before performing an actual heating operation, and outputs a deformation prediction result;
And a hot temporary factory value for actually machining the hull curved shell plate corresponding to the change prediction result.
A hull curved shell plate processing apparatus using heat deformation prediction.
The method of claim 1,
The operation control unit
A database unit for storing measurement information, design information, and heat deformation information of the hull curved shell plate in a storage device;
The surface modeling module for performing surface modeling with the measurement information and the design information of the database unit, calculates the difference between the target shape and the measurement shape by matching and comparing the optimum surface between the design surface and the measurement surface, and thermal deformation information of the database unit A heating information calculation module configured to generate heating information based on the heating information; and a heating information reconstruction transmitting module configured to control the operation of the hot processing device as the heating information is reconfigured, converted, and transmitted for the operation control of the hot processing device. Including software section
A hull curved shell plate processing apparatus using heat deformation prediction.
The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The deformation prediction simulator
Pre-processing for creating an input file for finite element analysis using heating information received from the operation control unit, measurement surface information of the hull curved shell plate to be heated using the heating information, and property information of steel of the hull curved shell plate. Wealth,
An analysis unit outputting an analysis result by performing thermoelastic finite element analysis as the input file for finite element analysis;
And a post-processing unit configured to display and store the deformation prediction shape and the deformation prediction data by performing the surface finish degree evaluation from the analysis result of the analysis unit.
A hull curved shell plate processing apparatus using heat deformation prediction.
Calculating and heating information by displaying the design shape data and the measurement shape data of the hull curved shell plate in order to perform the automated curved thermal processing of the hull curved shell plate;
Pre-processing step in which the deformation prediction simulator creates an input file for finite element analysis using the heating information, an analysis step for performing thermo-elastoplastic finite element analysis using the input file for finite element analysis, and completeness of the surface processing from the analysis result A deformation prediction simulation step of sequentially performing post-processing steps of displaying and storing deformation prediction shape and deformation prediction data by performing evaluation;
A heating result analysis step in which the deformation prediction simulator evaluates the deformation prediction shape and the deformation prediction data of the deformation prediction simulation step with the design shape data;
And a processing step of allowing the hot processing device to perform a heating operation by controlling the hot processing plant using the heating result analysis information generated in the heating result analyzing step.
Method of hull curved shell plating using heat deformation prediction.
The method of claim 4, wherein
In the pretreatment step,
Utilizes and visualizes the heating information, measurement surface information of the hull curved shell plate, and attribute information of the steel of the hull curved shell plate, generates a grid network for finite element analysis, and based on the heating position and heating information of the heating information. An input file for generating a finite element analysis is generated by extracting the calculated thermal loads and boundary conditions used for machining.
Method of hull curved shell plating using heat deformation prediction. The method of claim 4, wherein
In the pretreatment step,
The positional coordinates of the boundary conditions by measurement are used so that a fix condition using a dog or antagonist is reflected as a boundary condition, and the position of the boundary condition among each node of the finite element grid. Automatic mapping of the constraint to the node closest to the coordinate
Method of hull curved shell plating using heat deformation prediction.
The method of claim 4, wherein
In the analysis step,
Based on the finite element analysis input file, a three-dimensional thermoelastic analysis is performed to calculate thermal deformation due to a heating operation. In the calculated result, a node related to thermal deformation that can be derived through finite element analysis is calculated. To store the calculated value and the element calculated value as analysis results
Method of hull curved shell plating using heat deformation prediction.
The method according to claim 4 or 7,
In the post-treatment step,
Process the computed nodes and element calculations graphically on a computer screen, perform surface matching between the surface shape before deformation analysis and the predicted deformation shape to visualize the amount of deformation, and then Judging the Machinability
Method of hull curved shell plating using heat deformation prediction.

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