KR20120018547A - A lean burn type of two stroke gas engine with pre-chamber - Google Patents

A lean burn type of two stroke gas engine with pre-chamber Download PDF

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KR20120018547A
KR20120018547A KR1020100081463A KR20100081463A KR20120018547A KR 20120018547 A KR20120018547 A KR 20120018547A KR 1020100081463 A KR1020100081463 A KR 1020100081463A KR 20100081463 A KR20100081463 A KR 20100081463A KR 20120018547 A KR20120018547 A KR 20120018547A
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South Korea
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pressure gas
cylinder
gas supply
low pressure
supply port
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KR1020100081463A
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Korean (ko)
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박종국
김주태
안광헌
전병현
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현대중공업 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020100081463A priority Critical patent/KR20120018547A/en
Publication of KR20120018547A publication Critical patent/KR20120018547A/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B25/00—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders
    • F02B25/02—Engines characterised by using fresh charge for scavenging cylinders using unidirectional scavenging
    • F02B25/04—Engines having ports both in cylinder head and in cylinder wall near bottom of piston stroke
    • F02B25/06—Engines having ports both in cylinder head and in cylinder wall near bottom of piston stroke the cylinder-head ports being controlled by working pistons, e.g. by sleeve-shaped extensions thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/08—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition
    • F02B23/10—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder
    • F02B23/101—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder the injector being placed on or close to the cylinder centre axis, e.g. with mixture formation using spray guided concepts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B23/00—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation
    • F02B23/08—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition
    • F02B23/10—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder
    • F02B2023/102—Other engines characterised by special shape or construction of combustion chambers to improve operation with positive ignition with separate admission of air and fuel into cylinder the spark plug being placed offset the cylinder centre axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Abstract

PURPOSE: A low-pressure gas supply type two-stroke engine having a pre-chamber is provided to improve engine efficiency by using a proper ignition source depending on supplied fuel. CONSTITUTION: A low-pressure gas supply type two-stroke engine(100) having a pre-chamber comprises a low-pressure gas supply port(120), a low-pressure gas line(123), and a gas valve(121). The low-pressure gas supply port is formed at the center of a cylinder liner. The low-pressure gas line is connected to the low-pressure gas supply port. The gas valve is installed in the low-pressure gas supply port. An ignition source, which is a pre-chamber, is installed in the head of a cylinder of the engine. Low-pressure gas flows into the cylinder through the low-pressure gas supply port and is pressed by a piston.

Description

프리챔버를 구비한 저압가스 공급 방식의 2행정 대형 엔진{A Lean Burn Type of Two Stroke Gas Engine with Pre-Chamber}A Lean Burn Type of Two Stroke Gas Engine with Pre-Chamber}

본 발명은 2행정 대형 엔진에 관한 것으로서, 특히 엔진의 실린더 내부로 공급되는 가스연료를 저압상태로 공급하여 희박 예혼합 연소방식을 구현하며 연료에 따라 점화원을 달리하여 점화할 수 있게 구성한 것이다.
The present invention relates to a two-stroke large engine, and in particular, the gas fuel supplied into the cylinder of the engine is supplied at a low pressure to implement a lean premixed combustion method and configured to ignite by varying the ignition source according to the fuel.

2행정 대형 엔진은 디젤 연료 또는 이중 연료(가스 및 오일)를 사용하는 엔진이다. 기존의 2행정 대형 가스엔진은 연소공기가 실린더 라이너의 아래쪽에 위치한 소기구를 통해 공급되어 배기가스를 밀어내는 과정인 소기(scavenging)과정을 거치므로, 연소공기에 가스를 분사하여 혼합가스를 실린더의 내부로 공급하면 배기가스와 혼합되어 배기구를 빠져나가게 되므로 배기변이 닫힌 이후에 고압으로 가스를 분사하도록 구성되어 있다.Two-stroke large engines are engines that use diesel fuel or double fuel (gas and oil). Conventional two-stroke large gas engines have a scavenging process, in which combustion air is supplied through a small device located under the cylinder liner to push out the exhaust gas. When supplied to the inside of the exhaust gas is mixed with the exhaust port so that the exhaust valve is configured to inject the gas at high pressure after the closing.

이와 같이 실린더 내부로 고압의 가스를 공급하기 위해서는 가스를 고압으로 압축하기 위해 가스펌프가 반드시 필요하다.As such, in order to supply high pressure gas into the cylinder, a gas pump is necessary to compress the gas to high pressure.

또한 분사된 가스는 실린더 내부에 있는 공기와 접촉해 확산연소과정을 거치게 됨에 따라 디젤 사이클과 동일한 연소현상을 가지게 되어 녹스의 발생량이 증가하게 되는 단점이 있다.
In addition, the injected gas is in contact with the air in the cylinder is subjected to the diffusion combustion process has the same combustion phenomenon as the diesel cycle has the disadvantage of increasing the amount of rust generated.

본 발명은 앞에서 설명한 바와 같은 종래 기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 발명된 것으로서, 실린더의 내부로 저압가스를 공급할 수 있게 구성한 2행정 대형 엔진을 제공하는 데 그 목적이 있다.The present invention has been invented to solve the problems of the prior art as described above, and an object thereof is to provide a two-stroke large engine configured to supply low pressure gas into the cylinder.

또한, 본 발명은 실린더에 유입된 연료에 따라 다른 점화원으로 점화할 수 있게 구성한 2행정 대형 엔진을 제공하는 데 그 목적이 있다.In addition, an object of the present invention is to provide a two-stroke large engine configured to ignite with another ignition source according to the fuel introduced into the cylinder.

상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은 실린더 라이너의 하단에 소기구가 형성되며, 상기 실린더 라이너의 상단에는 배기변이 장착되며, 실린더 헤드에는 점화원이 장착된 2행정 대형 엔진으로서, 상기 점화원과 간섭을 피해 상기 실린더 헤드에 형성된 저압가스 공급포트와, 상기 저압가스 공급포트에 연결된 저압가스라인과, 상기 저압가스 공급포트에 장착된 가스밸브를 포함하는 것을 기술적 특징으로 한다.The present invention for achieving the above object is a small mechanism is formed on the lower end of the cylinder liner, the exhaust valve is mounted on the upper end of the cylinder liner, the cylinder head is a two-stroke large engine equipped with an ignition source, interference with the ignition source The low pressure gas supply port formed in the cylinder head, low pressure gas line connected to the low pressure gas supply port, and a gas valve mounted on the low pressure gas supply port.

또한, 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 따르면, 상기 실린더를 왕복운동하는 피스톤이 하사점에 위치할 때에 상기 소기구를 통해 연소공기가 유입되어 소기과정을 거치고, 상기 피스톤이 소기구를 폐쇄하였을 때에 상기 저압가스 공급포트를 통해 저압가스가 상기 실린더 내부로 유입되어 상기 피스톤에 의해 압착된다.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, when the piston reciprocating the cylinder is located at the bottom dead center, combustion air is introduced through the small mechanism to undergo the scavenging process, and the piston is closed when the piston is closed. Low pressure gas flows into the cylinder through the low pressure gas supply port and is compressed by the piston.

앞서 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명의 2행정 대형 엔진은 연소공기를 압착하기 전에 저압상태의 가스를 연소공기로 분사함으로써, 연소공기가 피스톤의 상승으로 가압되면서 가스와 혼합되어 예혼합 연소의 과정을 거치게 된다. 따라서 희박연소가 가능해진다. 오토 사이클(Otto Cycle)의 특성인 희박 연소 및 정적연소가 진행됨으로써, 동일한 압축비를 가진 디젤 사이클보다 높은 효율을 가지게 되어 CO2를 저감시키는 효과가 있으며, 또한 연소속도가 빨라 NOx의 발생을 줄일 수 있어 친환경적이다.As described above, the two-stroke large engine of the present invention injects low-pressure gas into the combustion air before compressing the combustion air, so that the combustion air is mixed with the gas while being pressurized by the rising of the piston to undergo a premixed combustion process. do. Therefore, lean burning is possible. As lean combustion and static combustion, which are the characteristics of the Otto Cycle, are progressed, they have higher efficiency than diesel cycles having the same compression ratio, thereby reducing CO 2 and reducing the generation of NOx due to the faster combustion speed. It is environmentally friendly.

또한, 본 발명의 2행정 대형 엔진은 공급되는 연료에 따라 적합한 점화원을 사용하여 점화함으로써, 엔진의 효율성을 증대시킨다.In addition, the two-stroke large engine of the present invention increases the efficiency of the engine by igniting using an ignition source suitable for the fuel supplied.

또한, 본 발명의 2행정 대형 엔진은 실린더의 내부에 저압가스를 공급함에 따라 종래와 같이 고압 가스를 공급하기 위한 고가의 가스펌프가 필요하지 않다. 따라서 경제적이라는 장점과 더불어 엔진 보조 장비의 축소와 함께 출력을 향상시킬 수 있다.In addition, the two-stroke large engine of the present invention does not require an expensive gas pump for supplying a high pressure gas, as the low pressure gas is supplied into the cylinder. This, in addition to the economic advantages, reduces the power of the engine auxiliary equipment and improves the power.

또한, 본 발명의 2행정 대형 엔진은 가스로서 천연가스 또는 바이오 가스를 연료로 사용할 수도 있고 가스의 공급이 원활하지 못할 경우에는 순수 액체 오일 연료를 사용할 수 있다.
In addition, the two-stroke large engine of the present invention may use natural gas or biogas as a fuel as a gas, or use pure liquid oil fuel when the gas supply is not smooth.

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 2행정 대형 엔진을 나타낸 개념도이고,
도 2는 도 1에 도시된 엔진의 작동관계를 나타낸 개념도이며,
도 3은 도 1에 도시된 실린더 헤드의 인젝터를 나타낸 단면도이다.1 is a conceptual diagram showing a two-stroke large engine according to the present invention,
2 is a conceptual diagram showing an operation relationship of the engine shown in FIG.
3 is a cross-sectional view of the injector of the cylinder head illustrated in FIG. 1.

아래에서는 본 발명에 따른 2행정 대형 엔진의 양호한 실시예를 첨부한 도면을 참조로 하여 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings a preferred embodiment of a two-stroke large engine according to the present invention will be described in detail.

도면에서, 도 1은 본 발명에 따른 2행정 대형 엔진을 나타낸 개념도이고, 도 2는 도 1에 도시된 엔진의 작동관계를 나타낸 개념도이며, 도 3은 도 1에 도시된 실린더 헤드의 인젝터를 나타낸 단면도이다.In the drawings, Figure 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a two-stroke large engine according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a conceptual diagram showing the operating relationship of the engine shown in Figure 1, Figure 3 shows the injector of the cylinder head shown in Figure 1 It is a cross section.

도 1 내지 도 3에 도시된 바와 같이, 2행정 대형 엔진(100)은 실린더 헤드(141)에 저압가스 공급포트(120)가 형성되고, 저압가스 공급포트(120)에는 가스밸브(121)가 장착되어 저압가스라인(123)으로부터 공급된 저압가스가 가스밸브(121)를 통해 실린더(110) 내부로 유입된다.As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, in the two-stroke large engine 100, a low pressure gas supply port 120 is formed in the cylinder head 141, and a gas valve 121 is provided in the low pressure gas supply port 120. The installed low pressure gas supplied from the low pressure gas line 123 is introduced into the cylinder 110 through the gas valve 121.

그리고 실린더 헤드(141)에는 제1점화원인 연료분사밸브(143)들이 설치되고 제2점화원인 프리챔버(145)들이 저압가스 공급포트(120)와 간섭되지 않도록 실린더 헤드(141)의 둘레를 따라 교번하는 형태로 장착되며, 실린더 헤드(141)의 중앙에는 배기변(151)이 장착된다.The cylinder head 141 is provided with fuel injection valves 143 serving as the first ignition source and the prechamber 145 serving as the second ignition source along the circumference of the cylinder head 141 so as not to interfere with the low pressure gas supply port 120. It is mounted in an alternating form, and the exhaust valve 151 is mounted at the center of the cylinder head 141.

상기 연료분사밸브(143)는 고압으로 압축된 연소공기에 연료를 고압으로 분사하여 착화시키며, 프리챔버(145)는 농후한 농도의 가스가 점화되어 실린더로 화염을 분사하여 적절한 시기에 실린더 내의 희박한 가스를 점화시킨다. 따라서 연료분사밸브(143)는 액체연료오일에 의해 작동될 때에 동작하며, 프리챔버(145)는 가스연료에 의해 엔진이 작동될 때에 가스의 점화를 위해 동작한다.The fuel injection valve 143 is ignited by injecting fuel at high pressure into the combustion air compressed at high pressure, and the prechamber 145 is ignited with a concentrated concentration of gas to inject a flame into the cylinder so that it is lean in the cylinder at an appropriate time. Ignite the gas. Accordingly, the fuel injection valve 143 operates when operated by the liquid fuel oil, and the prechamber 145 operates for ignition of the gas when the engine is operated by the gas fuel.

상기 프리챔버(145)는 그 내부에 별도의 가스연료공급라인과 점화용 소형 전자제어 인젝터 또는 점화 플러그가 장착되어 있어 적절한 시기에 가스연료공급라인을 통해 공급된 가스를 인젝터 또는 점화플러그로 점화시키고 외부 즉 실린더 내부로 배출된 화염에 의해 실린더 내부의 희박 가스를 점화시킨다. 이와 같은 프리챔버는 이미 상용화된 것으로 그 세부적인 구성에 대한 설명은 생략한다. The prechamber 145 is equipped with a separate gas fuel supply line and a small electronic control injector or spark plug for ignition therein to ignite the gas supplied through the gas fuel supply line with an injector or spark plug at an appropriate time. The lean gas inside the cylinder is ignited by the flame discharged outside, ie, inside the cylinder. Such a prechamber has already been commercialized, and a detailed description thereof will be omitted.

한편 실린더(110)의 라이너 하단에는 연소공기리시버(133)가 연결된다. 연소공기리시버(133)에는 터보챠저에서 가압된 연소공기가 충전되며 실린더(110) 라이너의 하단에 형성된 소기구(131)를 통해 가압된 연소공기가 실린더(110) 내부에 유입된다.Meanwhile, the combustion air receiver 133 is connected to the lower end of the liner of the cylinder 110. The combustion air receiver 133 is filled with the combustion air pressurized by the turbocharger and the pressurized combustion air is introduced into the cylinder 110 through the small mechanism 131 formed at the lower end of the cylinder 110 liner.

아래에서는 이와 같이 구성된 2행정 대형 엔진의 작동관계에 대해 설명한다.The following describes the operation relationship of the two-stroke large engine configured in this way.

도 1 및 도 2에 도시된 바와 같이, 실린더(110) 내부를 직선운동하는 피스톤(161)이 하사점에 위치할 때에 소기구(131)는 개방되며, 개방된 소기구(131)를 통해 연소공기리시버(133)에 충전된 가압된 연소공기가 실린더(110) 내부로 유입된다. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, when the piston 161 linearly moving inside the cylinder 110 is located at the bottom dead center, the small balloon 131 is opened, and combustion is performed through the opened small balloon 131. Pressurized combustion air filled in the air receiver 133 is introduced into the cylinder 110.

이 상태에서 피스톤(161)이 상승하는데, 피스톤(161)이 상승하여 소기구(131)를 폐쇄하기 이전까지 가압된 연소공기가 실린더(110) 내부로 유입된다. 이와 같이 실린더(110)에 유입된 연소공기는 실린더(110) 내의 배기가스를 열린 배기변(151)으로 배기시키고, 배기변(151)이 닫힌 후에는 실린더(110) 내부에서 압축되어 연료의 점화에 필요한 온도 및 압력 조건을 형성하게 된다.In this state, the piston 161 is raised, and pressurized combustion air is introduced into the cylinder 110 until the piston 161 is raised to close the small mechanism 131. As such, the combustion air introduced into the cylinder 110 exhausts the exhaust gas in the cylinder 110 to the open exhaust side 151. After the exhaust side 151 is closed, the combustion air is compressed inside the cylinder 110 to ignite the fuel. To form the temperature and pressure conditions required.

한편, 피스톤(161)이 상승하면서 소기구(131)를 폐쇄하고, 이때 저압가스 공급포트(120)를 통해 약 30bar 이하의 가스가 실린더(110)로 유입된다. 저압가스 공급포트(120)에는 가스밸브(121)가 장착되어 실린더(110)로 유입되며 가스밸브(121)에 의해 차단되어 역류하지 않는다.On the other hand, as the piston 161 is raised to close the small mechanism 131, at this time gas of about 30 bar or less is introduced into the cylinder 110 through the low pressure gas supply port 120. The low pressure gas supply port 120 is equipped with a gas valve 121 is introduced into the cylinder 110 and is blocked by the gas valve 121 does not flow back.

이와 같이 실린더(110)로 유입된 저압가스는 전에 유입된 연소공기와 혼합되며 피스톤(161)이 상사점으로 상승하면서 고압으로 압축된다. 가스와 연소공기가 혼합되어 고압을 압축된 상태에서 프리챔버(145)로부터 가스점화를 위한 화염이 전파되면 실린더(110) 내부의 희박한 가스연료는 폭발하여 엔진의 동력을 생성한다.
As such, the low pressure gas introduced into the cylinder 110 is mixed with the combustion air introduced before, and the piston 161 is compressed to high pressure while rising to the top dead center. When gas and combustion air are mixed and the high pressure is compressed, when the flame for gas ignition propagates from the prechamber 145, the lean gas fuel inside the cylinder 110 explodes to generate power of the engine.

100 : 2행정 대형 엔진
110 : 실린더
120 : 저압가스 공급포트
121 : 가스밸브
123 : 저압가스라인
131 : 소기구
133 : 연소공기리시버
141 : 실린더 헤드
143 : 연료분사밸브
145 : 프리챔버
151 : 배기변
161 : 피스톤100: two-stroke large engine
110: cylinder
120: low pressure gas supply port
121: gas valve
123: low pressure gas line
131: props
133: combustion air receiver
141: cylinder head
143: fuel injection valve
145: prechamber
151: exhaust valve
161: piston

Claims (3)

실린더 라이너의 하단에 소기구가 형성되며, 상기 실린더 라이너의 상단에는 배기변이 장착되며, 실린더 헤드에는 점화원이 장착된 2행정 대형 엔진으로서,
상기 점화원과 간섭을 피해 상기 실린더 헤드에 형성된 저압가스 공급포트와,
상기 저압가스 공급포트에 연결된 저압가스라인과,
상기 저압가스 공급포트에 장착된 가스밸브를 포함하며,
상기 점화원은 프리챔버인 것을 특징으로 하는 2행정 대형 엔진.
A small stroke is formed in the lower end of the cylinder liner, the exhaust valve is mounted on the upper end of the cylinder liner, the cylinder head is a two-stroke large engine equipped with an ignition source,
A low pressure gas supply port formed in the cylinder head to avoid interference with the ignition source;
A low pressure gas line connected to the low pressure gas supply port;
It includes a gas valve mounted to the low pressure gas supply port,
And the ignition source is a prechamber.
제1항에 있어서,
상기 실린더를 왕복운동하는 피스톤이 하사점에 위치할 때에 상기 소기구를 통해 연소공기가 유입되어 소기과정을 거치고, 상기 피스톤이 소기구를 폐쇄하였을 때에 상기 저압가스 공급포트를 통해 저압가스가 상기 실린더 내부로 유입되어 상기 피스톤에 의해 압착되는 것을 특징으로 하는 2행정 대형 엔진.
The method of claim 1,
When the piston reciprocating the cylinder is located at the bottom dead center, combustion air flows through the small mechanism to undergo a scavenging process, and when the piston closes the small cylinder, low pressure gas flows through the low pressure gas supply port. A large two-stroke engine, characterized in that the inside is compressed by the piston.
제1항 또는 제2항에 있어서,
상기 점화원으로 연료분사밸브가 더 장착된 것을 특징으로 하는 2행정 대형 엔진.The method according to claim 1 or 2,
The two-stroke large engine, characterized in that the fuel injection valve is further mounted as the ignition source.
KR1020100081463A 2010-08-23 2010-08-23 A lean burn type of two stroke gas engine with pre-chamber KR20120018547A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20210008298A (en) * 2019-07-11 2021-01-21 만 에너지 솔루션즈, 필리알 아프 만 에너지 솔루션즈 에스이, 티스크란드 Internal combustion engine

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20210008298A (en) * 2019-07-11 2021-01-21 만 에너지 솔루션즈, 필리알 아프 만 에너지 솔루션즈 에스이, 티스크란드 Internal combustion engine

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