KR20110130304A - 하부 가열형 스프레이 코팅법을 이용한 전스프레이공정 태양전지 제조방법 - Google Patents
하부 가열형 스프레이 코팅법을 이용한 전스프레이공정 태양전지 제조방법 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000009718 spray deposition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229920000301 poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- -1 Polyethylene Naphthalate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011112 polyethylene naphthalate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229920001609 Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract 2
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 AGBXYHCHUYARJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000109 alkoxy-substituted poly(p-phenylene vinylene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- WQYWXQCOYRZFAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-octylthiophene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=1C=CSC=1 WQYWXQCOYRZFAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 229920003207 poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalate) Polymers 0.000 abstract 2
- MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N [60]pcbm Chemical compound C123C(C4=C5C6=C7C8=C9C%10=C%11C%12=C%13C%14=C%15C%16=C%17C%18=C(C=%19C=%20C%18=C%18C%16=C%13C%13=C%11C9=C9C7=C(C=%20C9=C%13%18)C(C7=%19)=C96)C6=C%11C%17=C%15C%13=C%15C%14=C%12C%12=C%10C%10=C85)=C9C7=C6C2=C%11C%13=C2C%15=C%12C%10=C4C23C1(CCCC(=O)OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 MCEWYIDBDVPMES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000005525 hole transport Effects 0.000 description 37
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- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 WZFUQSJFWNHZHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CN1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O OHVLMTFVQDZYHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)-N-[3-oxo-3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)propyl]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C(=O)NCCC(N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O VZSRBBMJRBPUNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IHCCLXNEEPMSIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperidin-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1CCN(CC1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 IHCCLXNEEPMSIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- KZEVSDGEBAJOTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-2-[5-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]ethanone Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)C(CC=1OC(=NN=1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)=O KZEVSDGEBAJOTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)C(CN1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)=O HMUNWXXNJPVALC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]ethanone Chemical compound C1CN(CC2=NNN=C21)CC(=O)N3CCN(CC3)C4=CN=C(N=C4)NCC5=CC(=CC=C5)OC(F)(F)F LDXJRKWFNNFDSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJLUBHOZZTYQIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[5-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NN=C(O1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 YJLUBHOZZTYQIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)-1-[4-[2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]propan-1-one Chemical compound N1N=NC=2CN(CCC=21)CCC(=O)N1CCN(CC1)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F YLZOPXRUQYQQID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
- H10K71/10—Deposition of organic active material
- H10K71/12—Deposition of organic active material using liquid deposition, e.g. spin coating
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K30/00—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation
- H10K30/30—Organic devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation comprising bulk heterojunctions, e.g. interpenetrating networks of donor and acceptor material domains
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/549—Organic PV cells
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Abstract
Description
도 2는, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 광활성층의 표면을 광학 현미경 및 공초점 레이저 주사현미경을 이용하여 관찰한 결과를 나타낸 것이다.
도 3은, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 태양전지의 J-V curve를, 소스미터(Kithley 2400) 및 xenon arc lamp를 구비한 솔라시뮬레이터을 이용하여 측정한 결과를 나타낸 것이다.
도 4은, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 정공전달층을 광학 현미경 및 공초점 레이저 주사현미경(Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope, Olympus)를 이용하여 관찰한 결과를 나타낸 것이다.
도 5는, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 정공전달층의 투과도를 측정한 결과를 나타낸 것이다.
도 6은, 본 발명의 일 실시예에 따른 태양전지의 J-V curve를, 소스미터(Kithley 2400) 및 xenon arc lamp를 구비한 솔라시뮬레이터을 이용하여 측정한 결과를 나타낸 것이다.
기판의 가열온도 | Voc(V) | Jsc(mA/cm2) | FF1) | Efficiency(%)2) | |
실시예 3-1 | 50℃ | 0.47 | 20.39 | 0.313 | 3.030 |
실시예 3-2 | 100℃ | 0.52 | 20.30 | 0.309 | 3.262 |
실시예 3-3 | 150℃ | 0.62 | 19.36 | 0.320 | 3.841 |
1) FF = Voc * Jsc / Pmax 2) Efficiency = Voc * Jsc / Pin * FF Pmax(최대전력) : 태양전지에서 V × J가 최대인 동작점에서의 power. 즉, Jmax × Vmax를 의미한다. Pin(입력 태양에너지) : 태양전지가 받는 태양에너지량(본 실험에서는 AM 1.5G 환경에서 측정하였음. 이때 태양에너지량은 100 mW/cm2임)을 의미한다. |
DMF 또는 DMSO 포함여부 | 두께(nm) | 전도성(S/cm) | 거칠기(nm) | |
실시예 4-1 | 350 | 0.00664 | 91 | |
실시예 4-2 | 5% DMF | 370 | 12.82 | 89 |
실시예 4-3 | 5% DMSO | 340 | 77.28 | 83 |
DMF 또는 DMSO 포함여부 | Voc(V) | Jsc(mA/cm2) | FF1) | Efficiency(%)2) | |
실시예 6-1 | 0.608 | 6.393 | 0.267 | 1.038 | |
실시예 6-2 | 5% DMF | 0.612 | 11.564 | 0.334 | 2.360 |
실시예 6-3 | 5% DMSO | 0.616 | 14.015 | 0.342 | 2.952 |
1) FF = Voc * Jsc / Pmax 2) Efficiency = Voc * Jsc / Pin * FF Pmax(최대전력) : 태양전지에서 V × J가 최대인 동작점에서의 power. 즉, Jmax × Vmax를 의미한다. Pin(입력 태양에너지) : 태양전지가 받는 태양에너지량(본 실험에서는 AM 1.5G 환경에서 측정하였음. 이때 태양에너지량은 100 mW/cm2임)을 의미한다. |
Claims (9)
- 기판을 가열하는 단계;
상기 가열된 기판 상에 PEDOT(poly(3,4-ehthylenedioxythiophene) 및 PSS(poly(styrene sulfonate)를 포함하는 용액을 분사하여 제1층을 형성하는 단계;
상기 제1층 상에 PCBM(phenyl-C71-butyric-acid-methyl ester); 및 P3HT, MEH-PPV(poly(2-methoxy-5-(2'-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene), P3OT(Poly 3-octyl-thiophene), PCDTBT(Poly((9-(1-octylnonyl)-9H-carbazole-2,7-diyl)-2,5-thiophenediyl-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-4,7-diyl-2,5-thiophenediyl)), PCPDTBT(Poly(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole-4,7-diyl(4,4-bis(2-ethylhexyl)-4H-cyclopenta(2,1-b:3,4-b')dithiophene-2,6-diyl))) 중 어느 하나를 포함하는 용액으로 제2층을 형성하는 단계(단계 3); 및
상기 제2층 상에 캐서드 층을 형성하는 단계를 포함하는 태양전지 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 기판은 50 내지 200℃로 가열되는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지 제조방법.
- 제2항에 있어서, 상기 기판은 150 내지 200℃로 가열되는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 가열된 기판의 온도가 제1층 및 제2층이 형성되는 동안 유지되는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 PEDOT 및 PSS를 포함하는 용액은 DMF 또는 DMSO를 추가로 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제2층을 형성하는 단계는 스핀코팅법 또는 스프레이 증착법으로 형성하는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 제2층을 형성하는 용액은 PCBM 및 P3HT를 포함하는 용액을 사용하는 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 기판은 ITO(indium tin oxide), PET(polythylene terephtalate) 또는 PEN(polyethylene naphthalate)인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지 제조방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 캐서드는 알루미늄, 은, 마그네슘 또는 칼슘인 것을 특징으로 하는 태양전지 제조방법.
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