KR20110095053A - Simulator for training of pupillary reflex and fundus examination - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A papillary reflex and funduscopy training simulator is provided to without set a real human body as a target for training, thereby enabling to perform a papillary reflex and funduscopy training close to reality. CONSTITUTION: A papillary reflex and funduscopy training simulator includes a face mask(110), a pair of lens(120), an aperture module(130), a light intensity detecting module(150), a display part(160), and a controller(170). The pair of lenses is installed corresponding to both eyes. The aperture module adjusts a hole size from each rear side of the lenses and light intensity passing through the lenses. The display part outputs a fundus image for training of apertures in each rear side. The light intensity detecting module detects light intensity entering through apertures. The light intensity detecting module is placed in order to deviate from the rear surface of apertures when setting a funduscopy mode. The controller controls a position of the light intensity detecting module according to a papillary reflex or funduscopy mode setting. The aperture module is controlled according to detected light intensity by the light intensity detecting module and manipulation of a control part.

Description

Simulator for training of pupillary reflex and fundus examination

The present invention relates to a simulator for training pupillary reflex and fundus examination, and more particularly, to a simulator for training pupillary reflex and fundus examination in which a practitioner or trainer can train pupillary reflex and fundus examination in a state similar to the actual state. .

Pupil reflections mean that the pupils grow or shrink to control the amount of light entering the eye. It is also called light reflection and looks at the distant place in the dark. Pupil reflexes can be used to check for encephalopathy and drug reactions. A brief description of the pupillary test is as follows.

First, ask the person to be examined in a dark room to look away. As a result, the pupil of the subject is enlarged, and in this state, the light reacts carefully while advancing light from the side of the subject. Normally, the light emitting pupils contract, which is called direct light reflection. In addition, the pupil of the non-light side also contracts at the same time, it is called sympathetic light reflection. If there is no pathological change in the eye while looking at the pupil's response, it is considered normal, and if it finds an enlarged, fixed, or pinned or only one pupil reaction, it is considered a brain injury.

On the other hand, the fundus examination is to check the condition of the eye fundus with an ophthalmoscope in the dark room, is performed for the diagnosis and progress of diagnosis of diabetes, arteriosclerosis, etc. in addition to the eye disease. Brief description of the fundus examination process is as follows.

First, the subject's pupils are enlarged by darkening the room to examine the subject's fundus. At this time, the pupil may be enlarged by using a shandong agent to better see the fundus background and the macula. Shandong is used only in the absence of glaucoma, since there is a risk of causing an emergency if the subject has glaucoma.

Both the operator and the subject should take off their glasses at the time of examination. Contact lenses may be worn if clean. The surgeon uses an optoscope to illuminate the inside of the eye by letting light into the eye through the pupil, focusing by adjusting the (+) diopter and (-) diopter of the ophthalmoscope lens and examining the fundus.

Skilled practitioners are required to accurately observe and diagnose lesions of the subject through pupillary reflex and fundus examination as described above. However, when the practitioner trains a test on a real patient, it may be difficult for the patient's eyes, and thus it is difficult to practice repeatedly. In addition, since there are not enough patients to train the test for actual patients for various cases, it is difficult to obtain various training experiences.

In order to solve this problem, a training simulator has been developed. In the conventional training simulator, the method is manual, which is inconvenient to operate and difficult to test the skill of the operator or the trainer. In addition, since the manual training simulator has a lot of differences from the actual human body, the operator or trainer who has trained through the above-described training simulator may have a problem of feeling great heterogeneity when facing the actual human body.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems, the operator or trainer to train the pupil reflection and fundus examination close to the actual without having to target the actual human body by the pupil reflection and fundus that can increase the proficiency according to repetitive practice To provide a test training simulator.

Simulator for pupillary reflection and fundus examination training according to the present invention for achieving the above object, a face mask; A pair of lenses installed to correspond to both eye regions of the face mask; An aperture module having apertures for adjusting the amount of light passing through the lenses as the hole size is adjusted at each rear of the lenses, and an aperture driver for adjusting the size of each hole of the apertures; A display unit for receiving a fundus image for training from each rear of the apertures and outputting the image to a screen; A light quantity detection module positioned to be in close contact with the rear surfaces of the apertures when the pupil reflection inspection mode is set, and to detect an amount of light that enters through the apertures; And controlling the position of the light quantity detection module according to the pupil reflection inspection mode or the fundus inspection mode setting, and controlling the aperture driving unit according to the amount of light detected by the light quantity detection module and an operation of the manipulation unit when the pupil reflection inspection mode is set. And a control unit controlling the aperture driving unit and the display unit according to an operation of the operation unit when the fundus test mode is set.

According to the present invention, the pupil reflection can be automatically simulated for the actual pupil reflection training, and with a simple operation, the patient's condition can be set and simulated as desired for the fundus examination training. Thus, operations for pupillary examination and fundus examination training may be convenient and may be easy to test the skill of the operator or trainer. In addition, since the pupil reflex test or fundus test can be trained according to the choice of the trainer, it may be used for various purposes.

According to the present invention, since it can be simulated closer to the actual human body, the operator or trainer can train the tests closer to the real body without targeting the actual human body. Therefore, it is possible to increase the proficiency according to the repetitive practice, the operator or the trainer who trained through the training simulator may not feel heterogeneity when performing the procedure facing the actual human body.

According to the present invention, since the training of the fundus examination can implement the actual human's hyperopia or punctual or myopia, the trainer can practice focusing by using the (+) diopter and (-) diopter of the ophthalmoscope lens by using the ophthalmoscope. .

1 is a front view of the pupil reflection and fundus examination training simulator according to an embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a side cross-sectional view of FIG. 1.
3 is a perspective view of the interior of the face mask of FIG. 2;
4 is a partially exploded perspective view seen from the rear with respect to FIG.
FIG. 5 is a side view illustrating the light quantity detection module in FIG. 4; FIG.
FIG. 6 is a side view for explaining an operation process of a light quantity detecting module in FIG. 5. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a front view illustrating the aperture module in FIG. 4; FIG.
8 is a front view for explaining an operation process of the aperture module in FIG.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a front view of the pupil reflection and fundus examination training simulator according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a side cross-sectional view of FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the inside of the face mask in FIG. 2, and FIG. 4 is a partially exploded perspective view seen from the rear of FIG. 3.

1 to 4, the simulator 100 for pupillary reflection and fundus examination training includes a face mask 110, a pair of lenses 120, an aperture module 130, and a light quantity detection module ( 150, a display 160, and a controller 170.

The face mask 110 is formed in a shape similar to the shape of the face of the human body. The face mask 110 may be made of a silicon material or the like so that the touch may resemble the skin of the human body and may be easily removed when foreign matter is buried. The position of both eye regions in the face mask 110 may be set in consideration of a standard facial shape of the human body.

The pair of lenses 120 are installed to correspond to one eye area of the face mask 110 one by one. Each lens 120 is for simulating the lens in the eye of the human body. The lens 120 may be mounted in the hollow of the lens holder 121. The lens holder 121 may be mounted and supported on the front surface of the support bracket 101.

The aperture module 130 includes apertures 131 and an aperture driver 141. The apertures 131 adjust the amount of light passing through the lenses 120 as the hole size is adjusted at each rear of the lenses 120. Each aperture 131 is for simulating the iris in the eye of the human body. The diaphragm 131 is disposed such that the center of the hole coincides with the optical axis of the lens 120. The iris 131 may be mounted on the rear surface of the support bracket 101 to be supported together with the lens 120. In addition, the support bracket 101 may be supported by the base panel 102 through the aperture driving unit 141 to allow the lens holder 121 and the aperture 131 to be supported on the base panel 102.

The aperture driver 141 adjusts the size of each hole of the apertures 131, thereby realizing the expansion, normalization, and reduction of the pupil in the actual human body. The enlarged size of the pupil is 5mm ~ 7mm, the normal size is 3mm ~ 5mm, the reduction size can be set to 1mm ~ 3mm. Thus, the same pupillary changes for drug administration for pupillary expansion can be simulated.

The light quantity detection module 150 detects the amount of light coming through the apertures 131 when the pupil reflection inspection mode is set. When the pupil reflection test mode is set, the light quantity detection module 150 is positioned to closely contact the rear surfaces of the apertures 131. On the other hand, when setting the fundus inspection mode, the light amount detection module 150 is positioned to deviate from the rear of the apertures 131. This is to drive the pupil reflection test mode and the fundus test mode separately.

The display unit 160 receives the fundus image for training from the rear of the aperture module 130 and outputs the image to the screens corresponding to the lenses 120, respectively. That is, the display unit 160 may output the selected fundus image of the various fundus images of the various cases on the screens to simulate the fundus state in both eyes of the actual human body.

Fundus images include normal fundus, hypertensive retinopathy, simple / lipophilic diabetic retinopathy, chronic induced edema, acute induced edema, glaucoma optic atrophy, retinal vein occlusion (acute), retinal vein occlusion (marked photocoagulation), special Various fundus images such as plasma species, senile macular disease, and the like.

The display unit 160 may include a pair of LCDs 161. In this case, the LCDs 161 may be arranged so that each screen corresponds to one rear of each of the apertures 131. The LCDs 161 may be mounted on and supported by the support panel 162.

The controller 170 controls the position of the light quantity detection module 150 according to the pupil reflection test mode or the fundus test mode setting. The controller 170 may be connected to the mode setting unit 171 for setting the pupil reflection mode or the fundus examination mode. In this case, the mode setting unit 171 may be provided with operation units for selecting the pupil reflection mode or the fundus inspection mode.

If the pupil reflection inspection mode is set through the mode setting unit 171, the controller 170 controls the position of the light quantity detection module 150 such that the light quantity detection module 150 is in close contact with the rear surfaces of the apertures 131. . In this state, the controller 170 controls the aperture driver 141 according to the amount of light detected by the light amount detection module 150 and the operation of the operation unit 172. Here, various cases of pupil reflection according to the operation of the operation unit 172, for example, normal (left, right side reaction), pupil dilation fixation, pupil reduction fixation, right pupil reaction (left fixation), left pupil reaction (right fixation), etc. Can be set.

In the state where the case of the pupil reflection to be trained through the manipulation of the operation unit 172 is set, when the trainer illuminates the front of the lens 120, the light enters through the open hole of the aperture 131 to detect the light quantity detection module ( 150). Then, the light amount detection module 150 detects the amount of light and transmits it to the control unit 170, and the control unit 170 based on the light amount detected by the light amount detection module 150 and a value set for each case. 141 is controlled. As a result, the pupil reflection of the actual human body can be simulated for each case.

If the fundus test mode is set, the control unit 170 controls the position of the light amount detection module 150 so that the light amount detection module 150 deviates from the rear surface of the apertures 131. In this state, the control unit 170 controls the aperture driving unit 141 and the display unit 160 according to the operation of the operation unit 172. For example, when the trainer operates the aperture switch to simulate the pupil dilation in the operation unit 172, the controller 170 outputs a control signal according to the manipulation signal to the aperture driver 141. The aperture size of the aperture 131 is expanded by the aperture driver 141.

If the trainer manipulates the aperture switch in order to simulate the normalization or reduction of the pupil in the operation unit 172, the control unit 170 outputs a control signal according to the operation signal to the aperture driver 141, the aperture driver ( 141 allows the aperture size of the aperture 131 to be normal or reduced.

In addition, when the trainer manipulates the image selection switch to set the patient state to be trained on the manipulation unit 172, the controller 170 outputs a control signal according to the manipulation signal to the display unit 160, thereby displaying the display unit 160. The fundus image selected by) is displayed on the screen of the LCDs 161. Therefore, the trainer can select a fundus image for various cases and perform various trainings. The controller 170 may be installed inside or outside the pupil reflection and fundus examination training simulator 100. The operation unit 172 may be configured as a button input method or a touch input method.

According to the pupil reflex and fundus inspection training simulator 100 configured as described above, the pupil reflection of the actual human body can be automatically simulated for the pupil reflex inspection training. In addition, with simple manipulation, the patient's condition can be set and simulated as desired for fundus examination training. Thus, operations for pupillary examination and fundus examination training may be convenient and may be easy to test the skill of the operator or trainer.

In addition, the operator or trainer can train the pupil reflection test and the fundus test close to reality without targeting the actual human body, thereby improving the proficiency according to the repetitive practice. In addition, since the pupil reflection and fundus examination training simulator 100 can be simulated close to the actual human body, the operator or trainer who has trained through the pupil reflection and fundus examination training simulator 100 can perform the procedure by facing the actual human body. When you do not feel heterogeneous.

Meanwhile, as illustrated in FIGS. 5 and 6, the light quantity detection module 150 may include optical sensors 151 and an optical sensor transfer unit 156. The light sensors 151 are disposed to correspond to the apertures 131 one by one in close contact with the rear surfaces of the apertures 131 to detect the amount of light. The photosensors 151 may be mounted on the sensor panel 152 and supported at a predetermined interval. As the optical sensor 151, a photoconductive cell such as a cadmium sulfide (CdS) cell may be used.

The optical sensor transfer unit 156 controls the optical sensor 151 to be moved to a position in which the optical sensors 151 are in close contact with the rear surfaces of the apertures 131 or deviated from the rear surfaces of the apertures 131 according to the pupil reflection inspection mode or the fundus inspection mode setting. Controlled by 170.

That is, when the pupil reflection inspection mode is set, the optical sensor transfer unit 156 is moved by the controller 170 to move the optical sensors 151 to a position in close contact with the rear surfaces of the apertures 131 as shown in FIG. 5. Controlled. If the fundus test mode is set, the optical sensor transfer unit 156 is controlled by the control unit 170 to transfer the optical sensors 151 to a position away from the rear surface of the apertures 131 as shown in FIG. 6. .

The optical sensor transfer unit 156 may be configured to be in close contact with or separated from the rear of the apertures 131 while rotating the optical sensors 151 up and down about the horizontal axis. Accordingly, an upper space that is not used in the face mask 110 may be utilized, thereby increasing space utilization.

The optical sensor transfer unit 156 may include a forward and reverse rotation motor 157. The rotary motor 157 is disposed to be supported by the motor bracket 158 above the light sensors 151. Here, the motor bracket 158 is mounted and supported on the base panel 102. The rotary motor 157 is coupled to the sensor panel 152 to rotate the sensor panel 152 forward and reverse, so that the optical sensors 151 may be in close contact with or separated from the rear of the iris 131.

The display 160 may be proximate or spaced apart from the lenses 120 by the linear driver 166. In this case, the control unit 170 may control the linear driving unit 166 to implement hyperopia, timing or myopia of the actual human body according to the manipulation of the manipulation unit 172.

That is, when the fundus image of the display unit 160 is adjusted to the lens 120, the focal point of the lens 120 is formed on the fundus image of the display unit 160. When it is formed at the back, the hyperopia may be implemented at the front of the fundus image of the display unit 160. Therefore, the trainer exercises the focus using the (+) diopter, (-) diopter of the ophthalmoscope lens by using the optometrist while operating the focus control switch on the operation unit 172 to set the hyperopia or myopia of the actual human body. You can do it.

The linear driver 166 may include a slide guide 167 and a linear actuator 168. The slide guide 167 is installed on the base panel 102 to guide the slide movement of the support panel 162 on which the display unit 160 is mounted. In addition, the slide guide 167 is configured to extend along the moving direction of the support panel 162 so that the support panel 162 slides in a state of being fitted at the lower end of the support panel 162. The slide guide 167 may be configured in a pair so as to stably slide the support panel 162. The linear actuator 168 slides the support panel 162 and may be mounted on the rear surface of the support panel 162. A linear motor or the like may be used as the linear actuator 168.

The display 160 may receive a fundus image from the storage device 173 in which a plurality of fundus images for training are stored. The storage device 173 may be a small storage device such as a memory card. In this case, since the storage device 173 may be mounted in a narrow space such as a space between the rear surface of the LCD 161 and the support panel 162, the storage device 173 may occupy a relatively small mounting space. In addition, since the storage device 173 may be easily mounted and detached, the storage device 173 may receive more various fundus images from the outside and provide the same to the display unit 160. Therefore, the trainer can train for more various cases.

Meanwhile, the apertures 131 may be, for example, a base ring 132, a plurality of aperture blades 133, a guide ring 134, and a rotation lever 135, as illustrated in FIGS. 7 and 8. It may be configured to include each.

Each of the aperture blades 133 is coupled to the base ring 132 at regular intervals along the circumferential direction, and has a structure in which guide protrusions 133a are formed. The guide protrusions 133a are formed to be guided by being fitted into the guide holes 134a of the guide ring 134, respectively. The aperture blades 133 may each have a curved fan shape, and may have a structure capable of maintaining an overlapped state when the holes 131a formed between the other ends are expanded or contracted.

The guide ring 134 is disposed coaxially with the base ring 132. The guide holes 134a are formed in the guide ring 134 in the same pattern along the circumferential direction. The guide holes 134a may be configured to expand or contract the size of the hole 131a as the aperture blades 133 rotate about the hinge engagement portion when the guide ring 134 rotates forward and backward with respect to the base ring 132. Guide the movement of the guide projections (133a).

The rotation lever 135 is for rotating the guide ring 134 and protrudes radially from the guide ring 134.

In addition, the aperture driver 141 may be configured as a pair to drive the apertures 131 described above. Each aperture driver 141 may include a rotation motor 142 and a link mechanism 143. The rotary motor 142 is configured to be rotated forward and reverse and mounted on the base panel 102. The link mechanism 143 receives the forward and reverse rotational force from the rotation motor 142 to rotate the rotation lever 135 forward and reverse.

The link mechanism 143 may be formed in a one-section link structure so as to transmit the rotational force of the rotary motor 142 to the rotary lever 135 in a narrow space. In this case, one end of the link mechanism 143 is coupled to the rotation shaft of the rotary motor 142. In addition, the other end of the link mechanism 143 may have a structure in which at least three steps are bent to accommodate the rotation lever 135 and to push in the forward and reverse directions.

Referring to the operation example for the pupil reflection and fundus examination training simulator 100 configured as described above are as follows.

When the trainer sets the pupil reflex test mode in order to train the pupil reflex test, the controller 170 controls the optical sensor transfer unit 156 such that the optical sensors 151 are in close contact with the rear surfaces of the apertures 131. Then, in the state in which the trainer sets the case of the pupil reflection, if the light shines in front of the lens 120, the light enters through the open hole of the aperture 131, the amount of light by the light quantity detection module 150 Is detected, and the detected amount of light is transmitted to the controller 170.

Then, the controller 170 controls the aperture driving unit 141 so that the aperture 131 is reduced or enlarged or fixed based on the detected amount of light and the value set for each case. I can simulate it. Thereafter, the trainer may practice until the pupil reflection test is skilled, repeating the above-described process.

If the trainer sets the fundus examination mode to train the fundus examination, the controller controls the photosensor transfer unit such that the photosensors 151 deviate upward from the rear of the apertures 131. In this state, the trainer operates the aperture switch to expand the hole size of the aperture 131.

Afterwards, the trainer injects light through the enlarged aperture 131 hole by using an ophthalmoscope to illuminate the back of the aperture 131. The trainer selects the fundus image corresponding to the desired patient state to be displayed on the screen of the display unit 160 by operating the image selection switch.

At this time, if you want to practice focusing, the trainer sets the actual human's hyperopia or myopia by operating the focus control switch, adjusts the (+) diopter and (-) diopter of the ophthalmoscope lens, and then focuses. The image can be diagnosed and observed while viewing the image. After one training, the trainer can operate the aperture switch to reduce the size of the aperture of the aperture 131 to the normal size. The trainer can then practice the procedure described above until the fundus examination is skilled.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to one embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, this is merely exemplary, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible. Could be. Accordingly, the true scope of protection of the present invention should be determined only by the appended claims.

110.Face Mask 120.Lens
130. Aperture module 131. Aperture
141. Aperture drive 150. Light intensity detection module
151. Optical sensor 156. Optical sensor feeder
160.Display unit 166.Linear drive unit
170. Control part 172 Control part
173..Storage Devices

Claims (5)

Facial masks;
A pair of lenses installed to correspond to both eye regions of the face mask;
An aperture module having apertures for adjusting the amount of light passing through the lenses as the hole size is adjusted at each rear of the lenses, and an aperture driver for adjusting the size of each hole of the apertures;
A display unit for receiving a fundus image for training from each rear of the apertures and outputting the image to a screen;
A light quantity detection module positioned to be in close contact with the rear surfaces of the apertures when the pupil reflection inspection mode is set, and to detect an amount of light entering through the apertures; And
The position of the light quantity detection module is controlled according to the pupil reflection inspection mode or the fundus inspection mode setting, and when the pupil reflection inspection mode is set, the aperture driving unit is controlled according to the amount of light detected by the light quantity detection module and the operation of the manipulation unit. A control unit controlling the aperture driving unit and the display unit according to an operation of an operation unit when setting an inspection mode;
Simulator for training pupillary and fundus examination comprising a. The method of claim 1,
The light quantity detection module is:
Optical sensors disposed to correspond to the apertures in close contact with the rear surfaces of the apertures, respectively, for detecting an amount of light;
And an optical sensor transfer unit controlled by the controller to transfer the optical sensors to a position in close contact with the rear surfaces of the apertures or a position away from the rear surfaces of the apertures according to a pupil reflection test mode or a fundus test mode setting. Simulator for training pupillary and fundus examination. The method of claim 1,
The display portion is proximate or spaced apart from the lenses by a linear driving portion;
The control unit for the pupillary reflection and fundus inspection training, characterized in that for controlling the linear drive unit to implement hyperopia, punctual or myopia according to the operation of the operation unit. The method of claim 1,
The aperture is:
A base ring, aperture blades hinged at a predetermined interval along the circumferential direction of the base ring, and guide blades formed with guide protrusions, and guide each movement of the guide protrusions as the base ring rotates forward and backward. A guide ring for expanding or contracting the size of a hole formed between the other ends of the aperture blades, and a rotation lever for rotating the guide ring;
The aperture driving unit:
And a rotating mechanism and a link mechanism for rotating the rotary lever forward and reverse while receiving the forward and reverse rotational force from the rotary motor. The method of claim 1,
The display unit pupil reflection and fundus examination training simulator, characterized in that for receiving a fundus image from a storage device that stores a plurality of fundus images for training.

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