KR20110074234A - Device and method for measuring - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A measuring device and a measuring method are provided to simply measure a ground resistance using a three-electrode method, thereby simultaneously calculating an intrinsic ground resistance rate and the number of ground bars by a construction method. CONSTITUTION: A measuring device includes a power supply unit(100), an electrode unit, a measuring unit, an A/D converting unit, a calculating unit, a display unit(700), a target ground resistance value input unit, an input unit(800), and an output unit(900). The calculating unit calculates an intrinsic ground resistance rate using an inputted ground resistance value. The calculating unit includes an intrinsic resistance calculating unit and a ground bar number calculating unit. The display unit outputs the information of one of the intrinsic ground resistance rate, a target ground resistance value, a ground bar number, or a construction method.

Description

MEASURING DEVICE AND MEASURING METHOD {DEVICE AND METHOD FOR MEASURING}

The present invention relates to a measuring apparatus and a measuring method capable of simultaneously performing earth resistivity measurement, ground pole number, and construction method.

In general, transmission and grounding construction uses a four-electrode earth resistivity meter. The 4-electrode earth resistivity meter calculates the earth resistivity using the average value through at least 10 measurements since the soil in the earth has a variety of lipids and structures. Therefore, the four-electrode earth resistivity meter has a problem that the measurement takes a long time.

In addition, the four-electrode earth resistivity meter has a problem that measurement error occurs because the interval between the four electrodes is changed by repeated measurements.

In the conventional method, even if the earth resistivity is calculated, the number of ground electrodes to be used at the time of construction must be calculated through a separate calculation, and a construction method must be selected.

In addition, the earth resistivity specified in the design criteria is a statistical value according to the type of soil, and it is difficult for the distribution designer to apply because of the large range of occasions.

The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a measuring device and a measuring method for estimating the earth resistivity by measuring the ground resistance value, inputting the target ground resistance value and calculating the number of ground poles for each construction method and construction method have.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a measurement device that is easy to carry.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a power supply for supplying power; An electrode unit including a plurality of electrodes for measuring and transmitting a resistance value of the earth using power supplied from the power supply unit; A measurement unit measuring a ground resistance value through a resistance value input from the electrode unit; A calculator configured to calculate an earth resistivity using the ground resistance value measured by the measurement unit; A target ground resistance value input unit for inputting a target ground resistance to calculate the ground pole number and construction method; And a ground pole number calculator configured to calculate ground poles according to the construction method in accordance with the ground resistance value and the target ground resistance.

In this case, the plurality of electrode parts may include a main electrode and two auxiliary electrodes, and may measure the resistance value by using a three-electrode method.

The first auxiliary electrode of the two auxiliary electrodes may be disposed within 60% to 63% of the distance between the main electrode and the second auxiliary electrode which is the other electrode.

Here, the first auxiliary electrode may be an electrode for measuring a potential between the main electrodes, and the second auxiliary electrode may be an electrode for outputting current to the main electrode.

The main electrode may be formed in a screw shape.

The display device may further include a display unit displaying any one of the earth resistivity value, the ground pole number, and a construction method.

And it may further include an output unit for outputting the ground resistance value, earth resistivity, ground pole number and construction method.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, an analog-to-digital (A / D) converting unit converts the ground resistance value of the measuring unit into an analog between the measuring unit and the calculating unit and transmits the analog to the calculating unit. It may further include.

에 의해 계산될 수 있다. (여기서, L은 주전극의 직선 길이이고, r은 주전극의 환산반경이고, R은 주전극과 보조 전극 사이에서 얻어진 접지 저항값임)And the calculation unit

Can be calculated by Where L is the linear length of the main electrode, r is the conversion radius of the main electrode, and R is the ground resistance obtained between the main and auxiliary electrodes.

The calculator may calculate the earth specific resistivity through the ground resistance value according to the type of the grounding body.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, measuring the ground resistance value of the reference position using the three-electrode method; Receiving a target ground resistance value; Calculating an earth resistivity using the measured ground resistance value; A measurement method using a measurement device may be provided, including calculating the number of ground poles using the earth resistivity and the target ground resistance value.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the ground resistance can be measured simply by using the three-electrode method.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the ground pole number can be simultaneously calculated for each earth resistivity, a construction method, and a construction method through the ground resistance value measured using the three-electrode method.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the weight of the measuring device is light and easy to carry.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the number of grounding poles and the construction method according to the type of grounding body may be proposed using the grounding resistance value.

As the invention allows for various changes and numerous embodiments, particular embodiments will be illustrated in the drawings and described in detail in the written description. However, this is not intended to limit the present invention to specific embodiments, it should be understood to include all transformations, equivalents, and substitutes included in the spirit and technical scope of the present invention. In the following description of the present invention, if it is determined that the detailed description of the related known technology may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.

The terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe various components, but the components should not be limited by the terms. The terms are used only for the purpose of distinguishing one component from another.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular example embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present invention. Singular expressions include plural expressions unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In this application, the terms "comprise" or "have" are intended to indicate that there is a feature, number, step, operation, component, part, or combination thereof described in the specification, and one or more other features. It is to be understood that the present invention does not exclude the possibility of the presence or the addition of numbers, steps, operations, components, components, or a combination thereof.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In order to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present invention, the same reference numerals are used for the same means regardless of the number of the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an external appearance of a measurement device according to an exemplary embodiment, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically illustrating the measurement device shown in FIG. 1.

1 and 2, a measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a power supply unit 100, an electrode unit 200, a measurement unit 300, an A / D converter 400, and a calculation unit ( 500, a display unit 700, a target ground resistance value input unit 600, an input unit 800, and an output unit 900.

Specifically, the power supply unit 100 supplies power to the measurement device. The power supply unit 100 supplies power to the electrode unit 200 for measuring the ground resistance value and the ground resistance value. The power supply unit 100 may include a cable terminal 110 connected to an external cable. In addition, the power supply unit 100 may include a converter for converting an AC voltage into a DC voltage.

On the other hand, the power supply unit 100 may be used, such as a rechargeable battery. Since the measuring device is used outdoors, a charging means for charging should be provided when there is no separate power supply. Therefore, the power supply unit 100 may be provided with a charging device. The power supply unit 100 may include a cable terminal 110 connected to a cable.

The electrode unit 200 may include a plurality of electrodes measuring and transmitting a resistance value of the earth using the input power. To this end, the electrode unit 200 includes a plurality of electrode connection terminals 411 to 413, a plurality of cables 421 to 423, a main electrode 410, a first auxiliary electrode 430, and a second auxiliary electrode 420. It may include.

The main electrode 410 may measure the ground resistance through the power input from the power supply unit 100.

As shown in FIG. 3, the main electrode 410 may be manufactured to have a long bar shape. The outer surface of the main electrode 410 may be formed in the form of a screw. Accordingly, it is easy to install deep into the earth. In addition, since the main electrode 410 is manufactured using a material such as SM45C specified in KSD 3752 (machine structural carbon steel), it can be easily used repeatedly.

The first auxiliary electrode 430 is an electrode for measuring a potential with the main electrode 410. The second auxiliary electrode 420 is an electrode through which a current is output to the main electrode 410. Here, the first auxiliary electrode 430 is disposed between the main electrode 410 and the second auxiliary electrode 420. The position of the first auxiliary electrode 430 may be located about 62% from the main electrode 410 based on the distance between the main electrode 410 and the second auxiliary electrode 420. Detailed description thereof will be described later with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The plurality of electrode connection terminals 411 to 413 are connected to the main electrode 410, the first auxiliary electrode 430, and the second auxiliary electrode 420 by using the cables 421 to 423, thereby providing a current or voltage value. Send it.

The electrode unit 200 calculates a resistance value of the earth using a current or voltage value and transmits it to the measurement unit 300.

The measurement unit 300 calculates the ground resistance value by using the earth resistance value input from the electrode unit 200. The measuring unit 300 outputs a ground resistance value as an analog value.

The A / D converter 400 converts the ground resistance value input from the measurement unit 300 into a digital signal. The A / D converter 400 digitally converts an analog ground resistance value and transmits it to the calculator 500.

The calculator 500 calculates the earth specific resistivity using the input ground resistance value. To this end, the calculator 500 may include a ground resistivity calculator 510. The earth resistivity calculator 510 may calculate and store the calculated earth resistivity.

Equation 1 is an equation for estimating the earth resistivity using a ground rod according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Where L is the linear length of the main electrode, r is the (converted) radius of the main electrode, and R is the ground resistance value obtained between the main electrode and the auxiliary electrode.

Here, the characteristic factor values k = 1, L = n (n is a positive number), and r = 0.014 / 2.

L is the straight length of the ground body, r is the radius of the ground body, and R is the ground resistance value obtained between the ground body and the auxiliary electrode.

Here, the characteristic factor values k = 1, L = n (n is a positive number), and r = 0.025 / 2.

L is the straight length of the ground body, r is the radius of the ground body, and R is the ground resistance value obtained between the ground body and the auxiliary electrode.

Here, the characteristic argument values k = 0.7, L = n (n is a positive number), and r = 0.014 / 2.

L is the straight length of the ground body, r is the radius of the ground body, and R is the ground resistance value obtained between the ground body and the auxiliary electrode.

Here, type A is k = 2.05 when the target resistance is 10Ω, k = 0.7 otherwise, and type B is k = 1.7 when the target resistance is 10Ω and k = 0.1.46 otherwise. L = n (n is a natural number), W (width) = 0.2, D (burying depth) = 0.75.

L is the linear length of the ground body, and R is the ground resistance value obtained between the ground body and the auxiliary electrode.

K in Equations 2 to 5 are correction coefficients, and are correction coefficients for errors in the case of metals and non-metals, because errors in ground resistance are generated. In this case, k may be a number greater than 1 in the case of the reference concrete when the grounding body is a metal.

Equation 2 is a correlation experiment between the ground resistance and the earth resistivity during construction by using the ground enclosed grounding body (φ14 × L1,000mm).

Equation 3 is a correlation experiment between the ground resistance and the earth specific resistance during construction using a core grounding body (φ25 × L1,000mm).

Equation 4 is a correlation experiment between the ground resistance and the earth resistivity during construction using a conductive concrete ground rod grounding body (φ100 × L1,000mm).

Equation 5 is a correlation experiment between the ground resistance and the earth resistivity during construction using a conductive concrete ground plate grounding body (T40 × W200 × L1,000mm). Here, the conductive concrete ground plate can be divided into type A and type B. Type B means that 10 kg of the conductive concrete reducing agent is placed in the lower part of the conductive concrete ground plate. Grounding body is a grounding body that is used as a standard for power distribution work, and may be additionally implemented depending on the type of grounding body.

 Equations 2 to 5 may be calculated by repeatedly performing a target earth resistance 10, 25, 50, 100 [Ω] by varying the earth resistivity value and the number of grounding bodies obtained in Equation 1.

The calculator 500 may further include a ground pole calculator 520 that calculates the number of ground poles. The ground pole number calculator 520 calculates the ground pole number based on the earth resistivity and the target ground resistance value.

Here, the target ground resistance value may be a target ground resistance value selected from the target ground resistance value input unit 600. 10Ω, 25Ω, 50Ω, and 100Ω may be input as target ground resistance values. In addition, the target ground resistance value may be set and stored in the measurement apparatus.

The ground pole calculator 520 may calculate the output ground intrinsic resistivity and the target ground resistance value by calculating the ground poles for each construction method. In this case, the construction method may be classified according to the type of grounding body. For example, the ground poles required for grounding rods, core rods, concrete ground rods, concrete ground plates, ground reducing agents, etc. may be calculated and transmitted to the display unit 700.

Here, the ground pole calculator 520 may present a construction method according to the ground pole number. For example, when a large number of ground poles is required, a construction method for reducing the number of ground poles may be output and the required number of ground poles may be transmitted to the display unit 700.

The display unit 700 outputs information of any one of a ground resistivity, a target ground resistance value, a ground pole number, and a construction method output from the calculator 500. The display unit 700 may display a ground resistance value measuring time, a measurement device manufacturer information, a current measured ground resistance value, and the like.

The display unit 700 may display a grounding body construction method according to a straight and parallel grounding construction method. The display unit 700 may be a display device such as LCD, OLED, LED.

The output unit 900 may include a printer for printing a screen displayed on the display unit 700. For example, the output unit 900 may be a dot printer or a laser printer and the like, and may be manufactured as a replacement type and mounted on the measurement equipment.

The input unit 800 may include a storage key for storing information output to the display unit 700, a direction key for moving the screen up and down, a set key for initializing the measurement device, and a previous information display key for displaying previous information. And the like.

In addition, the input unit 800 may include a target ground resistance value input unit 600. That is, the input unit 800 may include the target ground resistance value input unit 600 including a separate key for inputting the target ground resistance value.

3 is a view showing the shape of the main electrode shown in FIG.

Referring to FIG. 3, the main electrode 410 may be formed in a rod shape, and the outer circumferential surface thereof may be manufactured in a spiral shape. The main electrode 410 may be formed of carbon steel for mechanical structure.

The main electrode 410 may be manufactured to have a length of 600 mm and a conversion length of 41.12 mm at the start and end points of the spiral. However, the length and the conversion length of the main electrode 410 are not limited thereto and may be variously modified.

In addition, in FIG. 3, the main electrode 410 is manufactured in a spiral shape, for example. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the main electrode 410 may be manufactured in a spiral shape.

4 is a view for explaining a grounding resistance measuring method using a three-electrode method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to Figure 4, the earth resistivity using the three-electrode method is the same as the equation (1).

In this case, the distance between the main electrode 410 and the first auxiliary electrode 430 is positioned at 61.8% of the distance between the main electrode 410 and the second auxiliary electrode. For the ground resistance measurement, the distance of the first auxiliary electrode is calculated by using Equations 6 to 12 as follows.

As shown in FIG. 4, it is assumed that the radius of the main electrode 410 is a hemispherical ground electrode, and the resistivity of the surrounding earth is the same everywhere. Here, the distance from the center of the main electrode 410 to the second auxiliary electrode 420 is A, and the distance between the main electrode 410 and the second auxiliary electrode 420 is B.

When power is supplied to the main electrode 410, the first auxiliary electrode 430, and the second auxiliary electrode 420, current I flows into the main electrode 410, and a current Ik flows from the second auxiliary electrode 420. Spills. At this time, when the current I flows into the hemispherical main electrode 410, the potential thereof is calculated based on the infinite origin and the potential rise of the point where the second auxiliary electrode 420 is located by the current I is calculated. The potential of an arbitrary distance r point from the center of 410 may be obtained through Equation 6.

E is the potential at any grick, r is the resistivity of the surrounding ground.

In this case, the potential at the point where the second auxiliary electrode 420 is located is the potential difference V between the main electrode 410 and the second auxiliary electrode 420 generated by the current I flowing into the main electrode 410. _It can be calculated | required by (7) as ₁ ).

Where p is the radius of the second auxiliary electrode.

Next, the potential difference V2 between the main electrode 410 and the first auxiliary electrode 430 obtains a potential rise of the main electrode 410 due to the current Ik flowing out of the first auxiliary electrode 430.

At this time, since the potential difference V2 between the main electrode 410 and the first auxiliary electrode 430 can be obtained through the current Ik flowing out of the first auxiliary electrode 430, as shown in Equation 8, The potential difference V2 between the 410 and the second auxiliary electrode 420 may be obtained.

(Where c is the radius of the first auxiliary electrode and I is the current flowing out of the first auxiliary electrode)

In Equations 6 to 8, two potential differences of V1 and V2 are applied between the main electrode 410 and the second auxiliary electrode 420, thereby finally reducing the potential difference between the main electrode 410 and the second auxiliary electrode 420. It can be obtained as shown in equation (9).

In this case, dividing Equation 9 by the current I may obtain a ground resistance measurement through Equation 10.

Where P1 = P / r, c1 = c / r.

은 주전극의 접지 저항의 참값이될 수 있다. 여기서,

을 R1이라 하면, 수학식 11로 간단하게 정리할 수 있다.In equation (6)

May be the true value of the ground resistance of the main electrode. here,

If R1, it can be simply summarized by the equation (11).

In Equation 11, if the second term in parentheses is generally an error term, the measured value may be equal to a true value when the error term is zero.

Therefore, if the expressions in parentheses are arranged, it can be arranged as a quadratic equation as shown in Equation (12).

Solving the equation (12), P1 is 0.618c1 and -1.618c1. At this time, if only a positive value is taken, P1 / c1 is 0.618.

That is, when P1 / c1 satisfies 0.618, the measured value is equal to the true value. When the ground resistance of the hemispherical ground electrode is measured, as shown in FIG. 4, a point where 61.8% of the distance between the main electrode 410 and the first auxiliary electrode 430 is installed is correct when the second auxiliary electrode 420 is installed. It means you can get the value.

In Equation 12, the relative distance to the installation position of the second auxiliary electrode 430 is calculated as a point of 61.8%, but may be installed within 60% to 63% in consideration of the installation error.

5 is a view showing an example of the output of the quantity calculation design for each type of ground electrode according to the earth resistivity measured using the measuring device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 5, the equipment name, manufacturer, measurement time, target resistance value, ground resistance value, earth resistivity, yield calculation result, and ground body name may be displayed.

In FIG. 5, the ground rod is used as the grounding body, and the required amount of grounding ground according to the number of parallels / parallel is calculated and output.

6 is a flowchart sequentially illustrating a measurement method using a measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 6, the measurement method according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure may include measuring ground resistance value (S100), inputting a target ground resistance value (S200), earth resistivity calculation step (S300), and construction method / number of ground poles. It may include a calculation step (S400).

Specifically, in the step of measuring the ground resistance value (S100), the main electrode 410, the first auxiliary electrode 430, and the second auxiliary electrode 420 of the measuring device are installed on the ground and the ground resistance value is measured.

Here, the second auxiliary electrode 420 is provided with a second auxiliary electrode 420 at a position of 61.8% of the main electrode 410 at a distance between the main electrode 410 and the first auxiliary electrode 430. .

The target ground resistance value input step (S200) selects and inputs any one of 10, 25, 50, and 100 [Ω] through the target ground resistance value input unit 600 or the input unit 800 of the measurement device.

The earth resistivity calculation step (S300) calculates the earth resistivity using the measured ground resistivity value. Here, the earth resistivity is calculated using Equations 1 to 5 described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. In this case, the calculated value may vary for each kind of grounding body.

In addition, the ground resistivity can be reduced by applying a target ground resistance value when calculating the earth resistivity in the earth resistivity calculation step.

In the construction method / ground pole counting step (S400), the ground pole number is calculated using the earth resistivity and the ground resistance value. In this case, the ground pole number may be calculated according to the construction method, and the construction method may be selected according to the kind of the grounding body.

In addition, the most reasonable construction method may be suggested if the type of grounding body and the number of grounding poles are calculated.

In addition, information on all possible construction methods, types of grounding bodies and the number of grounding poles can be presented.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. It will be understood that the invention may be varied and varied without departing from the scope of the invention.

1 is a view showing the external appearance of the measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically illustrating the measurement apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG.

3 is a view showing the shape of the main electrode shown in FIG.

4 is a view for explaining a ground resistance measurement method using a three-electrode method according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a quantity calculation design output for each type of ground electrode based on a ground resistivity measured using a measuring apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure; FIG.

6 is a flowchart sequentially illustrating a measurement method using a measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

<Brief Description of Drawings>

100: power supply

110: cable terminal

200: electrode portion

300: measuring unit

400: A / D converter

410: main electrode

420: second auxiliary electrode

430: first auxiliary electrode

500: output unit

600: target ground resistance input unit

700: display unit

800: input unit

900: output unit

Claims (16)

A power supply unit supplying power; An electrode unit including a plurality of electrodes for measuring and transmitting a resistance value of the earth using power supplied from the power supply unit; A measurement unit measuring a ground resistance value through a resistance value input from the electrode unit; A calculator configured to calculate an earth resistivity using the ground resistance value measured by the measurement unit; A target ground resistance value input unit for inputting a target ground resistance to calculate the ground pole number and construction method; And And a ground pole number calculating unit configured to calculate ground poles according to the construction method in accordance with the ground resistance value and the target ground resistance. The method of claim 1, The plurality of electrode parts And a main electrode and two auxiliary electrodes, wherein the resistance value is measured by a three-electrode method. The method of claim 2, The first auxiliary electrode of the two auxiliary electrodes is disposed within 60% to 63% of the distance between the main electrode and the second auxiliary electrode of the other electrode. The method of claim 3, wherein The first auxiliary electrode is an electrode for measuring the potential between the main electrode, And the second auxiliary electrode is an electrode for outputting current to the main electrode. The method of claim 2, The main electrode is a measuring device, characterized in that formed in the form of a screw. The method of claim 1, And a display unit for displaying any one of the earth resistivity value, the number of ground poles, and a construction method. The method of claim 1, And an output unit for outputting the ground resistance value, earth resistivity, ground pole number, and construction method. The method of claim 1, And an analog-to-digital (A / D) conversion unit for converting the ground resistance value calculated by the measurement unit into an analog between the measurement unit and the calculation unit and transmitting the analog to the calculation unit. The method of claim 1, The calculation unit

It is calculated by the measuring device characterized by the above-mentioned. (Where L is the linear length of the main electrode, r is the conversion radius of the main electrode, and R is the ground resistance value obtained between the main electrode and the auxiliary electrode) The method of claim 1, And the calculator calculates a ground resistivity based on a grounding resistance value according to the type of grounding body. Measuring a ground resistance value of a reference position using a three-electrode method; Receiving a target ground resistance value; Calculating an earth resistivity using the measured ground resistance value; Calculating a ground pole number using the earth resistivity and the target ground resistance value. The method of claim 11, Measuring the ground resistance value A second auxiliary electrode is positioned between the distance between the main electrode and the first auxiliary electrode of the measuring device, and the position of the second auxiliary electrode is a distance between the main electrode and the first auxiliary electrode with respect to the main electrode. It is 61.8%, The measuring method using the measuring apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. The method of claim 11, Calculating the earth resistivity

It is calculated by the measuring method using the measuring device characterized by the above-mentioned. (Where L is the linear length of the main electrode, r is the conversion radius of the main electrode, and R is the ground resistance value obtained between the main electrode and the auxiliary electrode) The method of claim 11, In calculating the earth resistivity, And the earth resistivity is calculated by applying the ground resistance value according to the type of the grounding body. The method of claim 11, And measuring the ground resistance value by digital conversion. The method of claim 11, Calculating the number of ground poles And measuring the number of ground poles according to the construction method corresponding to the ground resistance value and the target ground resistance value.

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