KR20110056037A - Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene composition for bio-degradable property and interior materials of vehicle having superior impact strength - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A bio-degradable acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene composition is provided to maintain flexibility, chemical resistance and heat resistance of an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin and to improve mechanical properties of interior materials of vehicles, especially, impact strength. CONSTITUTION: A bio-degradable acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene composition comprises: a polymer mixed resin consisting of an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene composition resin and single or two kinds of bio-degradable copolymer resins selected from polylactic acid and polyhydroxy butyrate; and poIycaprolactone. The polymer mixed resin includes 50~90 weight% of the acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin and 10~50 weight% of a biodegradable polymer resin.

Description

Biodegradable ABS composite material and automobile interior material having excellent impact strength {Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene composition for bio-degradable property and interior materials of vehicle having superior impact strength}

The present invention relates to an ABS composite material containing polycarrolactone and a polycaprolactone containing an ABS resin and a biodegradable polymer resin, and an automobile interior having excellent impact strength prepared using the same. .

ABS resin is a widely used thermoplastic polymer, and its specific gravity is small, which makes it possible to reduce the weight of the product and to have excellent molding processability, and to have excellent mechanical properties such as tensile strength and impact strength, and thermal expansion coefficient and thermal deformation temperature. It is used as an interior material for automobiles because of its excellent properties and low cost.

As the materials used for automobiles are steadily increasing in use, efforts to reduce the costs incurred after disposal and incineration are necessary. To this end, a small amount of biodegradable polymer is added to control the rate of disintegration of the plastic after use, so that it is used in areas where disassembly is difficult without affecting mechanical properties, etc. Research is being actively conducted to minimize disposal costs because it is a simple landfill without burden.

Recently, polylactic acid has attracted attention as a biodegradable polymer for imparting biodegradability. Among the biodegradable resins, polylactic acid has good transparency. Among the biodegradable resins, the polylactic acid is excellent in heat resistance, but can be produced in large quantities from raw materials derived from plants such as corn and sweet potato, so that the cost is low and contributing to the reduction of the use of petroleum raw materials. High usefulness In addition, it has biodegradability, which is 100% decomposed by microorganisms and enzymes in nature, and polymer materials using existing petroleum resources increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere when incinerated after use, but in the case of polylactic acid, incineration or biodegradation Even if carbon dioxide is emitted, the carbon dioxide is a resource-circulating material that does not increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere since the carbon dioxide is originally carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Polylactic acid is used for disposable products and garbage bags, and the possibility of application to various areas of real life such as exteriors of electronic products such as air cleaners, mobile phones, chairs, furniture, and automobile parts is being actively studied.

By blending biodegradable polymer resins such as ABS resin and polylactic acid, it is possible to apply them to environmentally friendly materials.Polylactic acid, which is biodegradable polymer, does not have a functional group that enables chemical bonding with ABS resins and only physically. Because of the coupling, there is a problem that the mechanical properties are degraded when blended.

Although much research is being conducted to increase the compatibility of the polymer mixture resin composed of two resins having no compatibility, the eco-friendly ABS composite resin suitable for use in automobile parts is excellent because of its excellent mechanical properties while maintaining biodegradability. It has not been developed yet.

Accordingly, the present inventors have tried to solve the problems of the existing ABS composite, as a result of the ABS composite, it was found that the mechanical properties of the ABS composite is inferior in compatibility with the ABS resin and biodegradable polymer resin, ABS composite In order to maintain the biodegradability of the present invention, a method for introducing another biodegradable resin other than the non-degradable compatibilizer into the compatibilizer was devised to complete the present invention.

That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a biodegradable ABS composite having excellent mechanical properties, particularly impact strength, and an automobile interior manufactured using the same.

The present invention for solving the above problems is a polymer mixed resin containing a single or two kinds of biodegradable polymer resin selected from ABS resin and polylactic acid and polyhydroxy butylate; And to provide a biodegradable ABS composite comprising a polycaprolactone.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle interior material comprising the biodegradable ABS composite.

Since the biodegradable ABS composite material of the present invention solves the physical property degradation caused by the compatibility problem between the biodegradable polymer resin and the ABS resin to impart biodegradability, the flexibility, chemical resistance and heat resistance of the ABS resin In addition to showing biodegradability while maintaining the excellent mechanical properties, particularly impact strength. Therefore, molded articles made of the biodegradable ABS composite, in particular, automotive interior materials can provide eco-friendly parts because they have high physical properties and biodegradability, and can not only broaden the utilization of biodegradable materials, but also in various environmental regulations. It can be actively replaced, with the added benefit of significantly reducing the cost of material processing in the future.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

The present invention relates to a biodegradable ABS composite, comprising: a polymer mixed resin containing one or two types of biodegradable polymer resins selected from ABS resins and polylactic acid and polyhydroxy butylate; And polycaprolactone.

The ABS resin is generally a compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, and has excellent molding processability, heat resistance, and chemical resistance. In the ABS composite of the present invention will form a matrix structure.

The biodegradable polymer resin serves to impart biodegradability or biodegradability to the ABS resin, by imparting such a performance, it is possible to reduce the processing cost of the product made of ABS resin. The biodegradable polymer resin used in the present invention may be used by mixing one or two selected from polylactic acid or polyhydroxy butylate, and in particular, has good transparency, good heat resistance, and is resistant to microorganisms and enzymes in nature. It is more preferable to use polylactic acid which is a biodegradable material having 100% biodegradability and does not increase the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

The polymer mixed resin contains 50 to 90% by weight of the ABS resin and 10 to 50% by weight of the biodegradable polymer resin, wherein the ABS resin is less than 50% by weight of the total weight of the polymer mixed resin, The mechanical properties of the molded article made of the composite may be degraded, and when used in excess of 90% by weight, the amount of the biodegradable polymer resin may be relatively decreased, and thus, the biodegradation effect may be difficult to see. . In addition, the amount of use of the biodegradable polymer resin is relatively determined according to the amount of ABS resin used.

The polycaprolactone serves as a compatibilizer to improve the mechanical strength, such as tensile strength, impact strength by increasing the compatibility of the ABS resin and the biodegradable polymer resin in the present invention. That is, the polycaprolactone mitigates the property difference between the ABS resin and the biodegradable resin to form a microphase separation structure, stabilizes the microphase separation structure, and acts as a bridge between the ABS resin and the biodegradable resin, By lowering the interfacial tension of the liver serves to improve the compatibility. In addition, in the structure of the biodegradable ABS composite of the present invention, the ABS resin forms a matrix, and the particles of the biodegradable polymer resin of the polylactic acid and / or polyhydroxy butylate are dispersed while forming a dispersed phase in the ABS matrix. It is a micro phase separation structure. This is because the polycaprolactone strengthens the adhesion of the particles of the ABS matrix phase and the biodegradable polymer resin, and blocks the coalescence of the biodegradable polymer resin particles, so that the finely dispersed phase can be evenly dispersed in the ABS matrix. Because.

The polycaprolactone is preferably used 1 to 15 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polymer mixed resin, when used less than 1 part by weight is too small, the compatibility The increase in effect may be deteriorated, so that the mechanical properties of the product may not be good, and when used in excess of 15 parts by weight, the polymer interface may be formed too thick, thereby lowering the interfacial bonding force between the ABS resin and the biodegradable resin. It is recommended to use within the range.

In addition, the biodegradable ABS composite of the present invention may further include one or more additives selected from fillers, softeners, antioxidants, heat aging inhibitors, antioxidants, dyes, pigments, catalysts and dispersants.

The ABS composite of the present invention is a dispersed phase having a diameter of 0.1 to 2 ㎛ size, more preferably 0.1 to 1 ㎛ diameter, having a fine and uniform size of the dispersed phase as described above, thereby improving compatibility, and consequently As a result, mechanical properties of the ABS composite may be improved.

In addition, the present invention relates to a molded article improved by using the biodegradable ABS composite material, in particular an automobile interior material, to produce a molded article using compression molding, extrusion molding, injection molding, blow molding, vacuum molding, and the like. Can be. Specifically introducing an example of a method for producing a molded article with the biodegradable ABS composite of the present invention, after drying each of the ABS resin, polylactone resin and PCL by drying at an appropriate ratio, melt at a temperature of 200 ~ 220 ℃ It can be formed by blending. If the biaxial extruder is used in the manufacture of the ABS composite, the temperature may be set to about 220 ° C. to perform a melt blend.

The ABS composite material of the present invention can be used in place of a molded article including an ABS resin which is widely used as a thermoplastic resin material, and can be applied to a molded article requiring impact resistance, high tensile strength and the like, and thus has excellent utility. In addition, the molded article according to the present invention can be easily manufactured at low cost, so the process efficiency is very excellent.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail based on examples. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited by the following examples.

Example 1

Each of the ABS resin, the polylactic acid resin and the polycaprolactone was dried in a vacuum oven at 70 ° C. for 24 hours, and 80 g of the dried ABS resin and 20 g of the dried polylactic acid resin were mixed to prepare a polymer mixed resin. Next, 5 g of the dried polycaprolactone was mixed with the polymer mixed resin, and then injected into a co-rotating twin screw extruder, followed by melt extrusion at a temperature of 120 rpm at a temperature of 220 ° C. ABS composites were prepared.

Example 2

In the same manner as in Example 1, but using the polycaprolactone 10 g to prepare an ABS composite.

Comparative Example 1

In the same manner as in Example 1, but without using polycaprolactone to prepare an ABS composite.

Comparative Examples 2 to 3

In the same manner as in Example 1, but instead of polycaprolactone maleic anhydride graft styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene copolymer (maleic anhydride grafted styrene ethylene butylene styrene block copolymer, hereinafter referred to as 'SEBS-g-MAH'. ) ABS composites were prepared using 5 g and 10 g, respectively, and Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 were carried out.

Experimental Example: Impact Strength Measurement Experiment

The impact strength was measured by injection molding the biodegradable ABS composites prepared in Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, respectively, and cutting the specimen into 75 mm x 12.5 mm x 3 mm in height to prepare the specimen. In accordance with ASTM D-256 was measured the impact strength in an Izod manner at room temperature conditions, the results are shown in Table 1 below.

The impact strength measured values of Examples 1 to 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 1 above.

division Polymer mixed resin (wt%) Compatibilizer Content (parts by weight) Impact strength
(kgfcm / cm) ABS resin Polylactic acid
Suzy Polycaprolactone SEBS-g-MAH Example 1 80 20 5 - 5.5 Example 2 80 20 10 - 7.5 Comparative Example 1 80 20 - - 2.2 Comparative Example 2 80 20 - 5 2.9 Comparative Example 3 80 20 - 10 4.3

Looking at the results of Table 1, in the case of Comparative Example 1 without the addition of polycaprolactone, it can be seen that the impact strength is very low, which is the result of the lack of compatibility between ABS resin and polylactic acid resin. .

In addition, in the case of Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3 using SEBS-g-MAH as a compatibilizer, the impact strength slightly increased compared to Comparative Example 1, but compared with Examples 1 to 2 of the present invention, the impact strength improvement effect We can see that it is poor.

Experimental Example 2 Electron Scanning Microscope Observation Experiment

After the ABS composites according to Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Example 1 were manufactured into specimens having a width of 75 mm × 12.5 mm × 3 mm in height using an injection machine, the fracture surface produced by placing them in liquid nitrogen was ethylene. After etching the polylactic acid using the amide, the morphology of the ABS resin was observed by electron scanning microscope, and these are shown in FIGS.

1 to 3, the size of the dispersed phase of the ABS composite of Comparative Example 1 without adding polycaprolactone was the largest, and Example 1 (average diameter 0.5 μm) and Example 2 (average diameter 0.39 μm) ), It can be confirmed that the size of the dispersed phase is small compared to Comparative Example 1 (average diameter 1.47 ㎛).

From these results, it can be seen that the compatibility between the incompatible polymer mixed resins, that is, ABS resin and polylactic acid resin, increased due to the addition of polycaprolactone. It can be seen that there is a tendency to

Through the above examples and experimental examples, it can be confirmed that the mechanical properties of the molded article manufactured from the biodegradable ABS composite material of the present invention is excellent, the physical properties of the molded article is suitable for use as an automotive interior material, to produce environmentally friendly automotive interior materials It is expected to be widely used.

1 is an electron scanning microscope photograph of a molded article manufactured using the ABS composite prepared in Example 1. FIG.

FIG. 2 is an electron scanning micrograph of a molded article manufactured using the ABS composite prepared in Example 2. FIG.

3 is an electron scanning microscope photograph of a molded article manufactured using the ABS composite material prepared in Comparative Example 1. FIG.

Claims (5)

Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS, Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer resin and a polymer mixed resin containing one or two types of biodegradable polymer resins selected from polylactic acid and polyhydroxy butylate; and polycapro Lactone; Biodegradable ABS composite comprising a. The biodegradable ABS composite according to claim 1, wherein the polymer mixed resin comprises 50 to 90% by weight of the ABS resin and 10 to 50% by weight of the biodegradable polymer resin. The biodegradable ABS composite according to claim 1, wherein the polycaprolactone comprises 1 to 10 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the polymer mixed resin. The biodegradable ABS composite according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the composite is a dispersed phase having a diameter of 0.1 to 2 µm. An automobile interior comprising the biodegradable ABS composite of any one of claims 1 to 4.

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