KR20110052259A - Crude oil tanker - Google Patents

Crude oil tanker Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20110052259A
KR20110052259A KR1020090109218A KR20090109218A KR20110052259A KR 20110052259 A KR20110052259 A KR 20110052259A KR 1020090109218 A KR1020090109218 A KR 1020090109218A KR 20090109218 A KR20090109218 A KR 20090109218A KR 20110052259 A KR20110052259 A KR 20110052259A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
crude oil
pipe
storage tank
loading pipe
loading
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KR1020090109218A
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Korean (ko)
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KR101460251B1 (en
Inventor
권오현
유진열
최동규
문영식
정승교
이정한
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대우조선해양 주식회사
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Priority to KR1020090109218A priority Critical patent/KR101460251B1/en
Publication of KR20110052259A publication Critical patent/KR20110052259A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B25/00—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby
    • B63B25/02—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods
    • B63B25/08—Load-accommodating arrangements, e.g. stowing, trimming; Vessels characterised thereby for bulk goods fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B11/00—Interior subdivision of hulls
    • B63B11/04—Constructional features of bunkers, e.g. structural fuel tanks, or ballast tanks, e.g. with elastic walls
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B17/00—Vessels parts, details, or accessories, not otherwise provided for
    • B63B17/0027—Tanks for fuel or the like ; Accessories therefor, e.g. tank filler caps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
    • B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D90/00—Component parts, details or accessories for large containers
    • B65D90/22—Safety features
    • B65D90/32—Arrangements for preventing, or minimising the effect of, excessive or insufficient pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
    • F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A crude-oil tanker is provided to block the generation of volatile organic compound by preventing the evaporation of crude oil on the upper end of a loading pipe by controlling the inner pressure of the loading pipe on the lower end of the loading pipe. CONSTITUTION: A crude-oil tanker comprises a supply pipe(2), a loading pipe(3), a distributing pipe(4) and a pressure control unit(6). The supply pipe is horizontally installed on the top of the oil storage tank(1) of a crude-oil carrier. One end of the supply pipe is connected to the oil storage tank on the land. The loading pipe is connected to the bottom of the supply pipe and is extended to the lower part of the oil storage tank through the oil storage tank of the crude-oil carrier. The distributing pipe is horizontally connected to the lower end of the loading pipe. The pressure control unit is installed in the lower end of the loading pipe.

Description

원유 탱커{CRUDE OIL TANKER}CRUDE OIL TANKER

본 발명은, 원유 운반선의 휘발성 유기화합물 저감 시스템 및 방법에 관한 것으로, 더욱 상세하게는, 원유 운반선에서 원유를 적재하는 중에 발생하는 휘발성 유기화합물을 저감할 수 있는 원유 운반선의 휘발성 유기화합물 저감 시스템 및 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a system and method for reducing volatile organic compounds in a crude oil carrier, and more particularly, to a system for reducing volatile organic compounds in a crude oil carrier that can reduce volatile organic compounds generated during loading of crude oil in a crude oil carrier. It is about a method.

일반적으로, 원유(Crude Oil)는 생산지에서 채굴되어 원유 운반선에 적재된 후 목적지까지 원거리에 걸쳐 수송된다.In general, crude oil is mined at the production site, loaded on crude oil carriers, and then transported over long distances to its destination.

종래의 원유 운반선에서는 육상의 원유 저장탱크로부터 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크에 원유를 적재하는 중에, 많은 양의 휘발성 유기화합물(Volatile Organic Compounds; VOC)이 발생하였다.In conventional crude oil carriers, a large amount of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) were generated while loading crude oil from crude oil storage tanks on land into crude oil storage tanks of crude oil carriers.

육상의 원유 저장탱크로부터 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크로 원유를 공급하기 위해 원유 운반선의 상부, 즉, 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크의 상부에는 일단이 육상의 원유 저장탱크에 연결되는 공급 파이프가 수평으로 설치되어 있으며, 육상의 원유 저장탱크로부터 공급 파이프를 통해 공급되는 원유를 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크 내로 적재하기 위해 공급 파이프의 저면에는 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱 크를 수직으로 관통하여 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크의 하부까지 이어지는 적재 파이프가 수직 하방으로 연결되어 있으며, 적재 파이프를 통해 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크 내로 적재되는 원유를 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크 내에 분배하기 위해 적재 파이프의 하단에는 분배 파이프가 설치되어 있다.In order to supply crude oil from the onshore oil storage tank to the crude oil storage tank of the crude oil carrier, a supply pipe is connected horizontally at the top of the crude oil carrier, that is, at the top of the crude oil storage tank of the crude oil carrier. In order to load the crude oil from the onshore oil storage tank through the supply pipe into the crude oil storage tank of the crude oil carrier, the bottom of the supply pipe vertically penetrates the crude oil storage tank of the crude oil carrier and the crude oil storage tank of the crude oil carrier The loading pipes leading to the lower part of the ship are connected vertically downwards, and a distribution pipe is installed at the bottom of the loading pipe to distribute the crude oil loaded into the crude oil storage tank of the crude oil carrier by the loading pipe into the crude oil storage tank of the crude oil carrier. .

수평의 공급 파이프로부터 수평으로 공급되는 원유가 수직의 적재 파이프와 만나는 부분, 즉 적재 파이프의 상단 부분에서 갑자기 수직으로 낙하하게 되어 원유의 유속이 증가되면서 유발되는 과도한 압력 강하로 인해, 적재 파이프의 상단 부분에는 유체 공동(flow cavitation)이 발생하게 된다. 즉, 적재 파이프 내에서 유체의 정압력이 그 유체의 증기압보다 작을 경우 유체 공동이 발생하며, 포화압력보다 작을 경우에는 유체 증발이 발생하므로, 원유가 증발하여 휘발성 유기화합물이 발생하게 된다.The upper part of the loading pipe, due to the excessive pressure drop caused by the increase in the flow rate of the crude oil, where the crude oil supplied horizontally from the horizontal supply pipe meets the vertical loading pipe, which suddenly falls vertically at the upper part of the loading pipe. Flow cavitation occurs. That is, when the static pressure of the fluid in the loading pipe is less than the vapor pressure of the fluid, a fluid cavity is generated, when the pressure is less than the saturation pressure, the fluid evaporation occurs, the crude oil is evaporated to generate a volatile organic compound.

이렇게 발생된 휘발성 유기화합물은 대기로 방출되거나 다시 육상의 원유 저장탱크로 보내어졌다.The volatile organic compounds thus produced were either released into the atmosphere or sent back to onshore crude oil storage tanks.

휘발성 유기화합물이 대기로 방출되면 오존층 파괴 등의 심각한 환경 문제를 일으킨다. 또한, 휘발성 유기화합물이 다시 육상의 원유 저장탱크로 보내어지더라도 휘발성 유기화합물을 처리하기 위한 시설과 비용이 요구된다.The release of volatile organic compounds into the atmosphere causes serious environmental problems such as ozone depletion. In addition, even if the volatile organic compounds are sent back to the crude oil storage tanks, facilities and costs for treating the volatile organic compounds are required.

따라서, 본 발명은, 이러한 종래기술의 문제점을 해결하기 위한 것으로서, 원유 적재 파이프의 상단 부분에 유체 공동이 형성되는 것을 방지하도록 구성된 원유 운반선의 휘발성 유기화합물 저감 시스템 및 방법을 제공하는 것을 그 목적으로 한다.Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the problems of the prior art, and to provide a system and method for reducing volatile organic compounds in a crude oil carrier which is configured to prevent the formation of fluid cavities in the upper portion of the crude oil loading pipe. do.

전술한 목적을 달성하기 위해, 본 발명의 원유 운반선의 휘발성 유기화합물 저감 시스템은, 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크의 상부에 수평으로 설치되며 일단이 육상의 원유 저장탱크에 연결되는 공급 파이프와, 상기 공급 파이프의 저면에 수직 하방으로 연결되며 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크를 수직으로 관통하여 그 하부까지 이어지는 적재 파이프와, 상기 적재 파이프의 하단에 수평으로 연결된 분배 파이프와, 상기 적재 파이프의 하단 부분 내에 설치된 압력 제어 수단을 포함한다.In order to achieve the above object, the volatile organic compound reduction system of the crude oil carrier of the present invention, the supply pipe is installed horizontally on top of the crude oil storage tank of the crude oil carrier and connected to the crude oil storage tank of the land, and the supply A load pipe connected vertically downward to the bottom of the pipe and vertically penetrating the oil storage tank of the oil carrier to the bottom thereof; a distribution pipe horizontally connected to the bottom of the load pipe; and a pressure installed in a lower portion of the load pipe. Control means.

또한, 본 발명의 원유 운반선의 휘발성 유기화합물 저감 방법은, 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크의 상부에 수평으로 설치되며 일단이 육상의 원유 저장탱크에 연결되는 공급 파이프와, 상기 공급 파이프의 저면에 수직 하방으로 연결되며 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크를 수직으로 관통하여 그 하부까지 이어지는 적재 파이프와, 상기 적재 파이프의 하단에 수평으로 연결된 분배 파이프를 통해 육상의 원유 저장탱크로부터 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크 내로 원유를 공급하여 적재하되, 상기 적재 파이프 내의 압력을 제어하여 원유의 증기압 이상으로 유지시킨다.In addition, the method of reducing the volatile organic compounds of the crude oil carrier of the present invention is a horizontally installed in the upper portion of the crude oil storage tank of the crude oil carrier and one end of the supply pipe connected to the crude oil storage tank of the land, and vertically downward to the bottom of the supply pipe Oil into the crude oil storage tank of the crude oil carrier from the onshore oil storage tank through a loading pipe vertically penetrating the crude oil storage tank of the crude oil carrier and extending to the bottom thereof, and a distribution pipe connected horizontally to the bottom of the loading pipe. Supply and load, but control the pressure in the loading pipe to maintain above the vapor pressure of crude oil.

전술한 바와 같이, 본 발명에 의하면, 본 발명에서는 적재 파이프의 하단 부분에서 적재 파이프 내의 압력을 제어하여 원유의 증기압 이상으로 유지시키므로, 수평의 공급 파이프로부터 수평으로 공급되는 원유가 수직의 적재 파이프와 만나는 부분, 즉 적재 파이프의 상단 부분에서 갑자기 수직으로 낙하하게 되어 원유의 유속이 증가되더라도, 적재 파이프의 상단 부분에서 유체 공동이 발생하지 않게 되므로, 즉, 적재 파이프 내에서 유체의 정압력이 그 유체의 증기압보다 크게 되면 유체 공동이 발생하지 않게 되므로, 적재 파이프의 상단 부분에서 원유가 증발하지 않게 되어 휘발성 유기화합물이 발생하지 않게 되는 효과가 있다.As described above, according to the present invention, in the present invention, since the pressure in the loading pipe is controlled at the lower portion of the loading pipe and maintained above the vapor pressure of the crude oil, the crude oil supplied horizontally from the horizontal supply pipe meets the vertical loading pipe. Even if the flow rate of the crude oil increases suddenly in the portion, i.e., the upper part of the loading pipe, the fluid cavity does not occur in the upper part of the loading pipe, that is, the static pressure of the fluid in the loading pipe If greater than the vapor pressure does not generate a fluid cavity, the crude oil does not evaporate in the upper portion of the loading pipe has the effect that the volatile organic compounds do not occur.

이하에서는 첨부한 도면을 참조하여 본 발명에 대한 바람직한 실시예를 상세하게 설명한다.Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 원유 운반선의 휘발성 유기화합물 저감 시스템의 개략적인 구성도이다.1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a volatile organic compound reduction system of a crude oil carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention.

도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 원유 운반선의 상부, 즉, 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크(1)의 상부에는 공급 파이프(2)가 수평으로 설치되어 있다. 공급 파이프(2)는 그 일단이 육상의 원유 저장탱크에 연결되어 육상의 원유 저장탱크로부터 원유를 원유 운반선으로 공급된다.As shown in FIG. 1, a supply pipe 2 is horizontally installed on an upper portion of a crude oil carrier, that is, an upper portion of the crude oil storage tank 1 of the crude oil carrier. One end of the supply pipe 2 is connected to the crude oil storage tank of the land and supplies crude oil to the crude oil carrier from the crude oil storage tank of the land.

또한, 공급 파이프(2)의 저면에는 적재 파이프(3)가 수직 하방으로 연결되어 있다. 적재 파이프(3)는 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크(1)를 수직으로 관통하여 원 유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크(1)의 하부까지 이어져서 육상의 원유 저장탱크로부터 공급 파이프(2)를 통해 공급되는 원유를 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크(1) 내로 적재한다.Moreover, the loading pipe 3 is connected to the bottom face of the supply pipe 2 vertically downward. The loading pipe 3 vertically penetrates the crude oil storage tank 1 of the crude oil carrier and extends to the lower portion of the crude oil storage tank 1 of the crude oil carrier and is supplied through the supply pipe 2 from the crude oil storage tank on land. Crude oil is loaded into the crude oil storage tank (1) of the crude oil carrier.

또한, 적재 파이프(3)의 하단에는 분배 파이프(4)가 설치되어 있다. 분배 파이프(4)는 적재 파이프(3)를 통해 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크(1) 내로 적재되는 원유를 원유 운반선의 원유 저장탱크(1) 내에 분배하며, 분배 파이프(4)에는 분배 밸브(5)가 설치되어 있다.Moreover, the distribution pipe 4 is provided in the lower end of the loading pipe 3. The distribution pipe 4 distributes the crude oil loaded into the crude oil storage tank 1 of the crude oil carrier via the loading pipe 3 into the crude oil storage tank 1 of the crude oil carrier, and the distribution pipe 4 has a distribution valve 5. ) Is installed.

또한, 적재 파이프(3)의 하단 부분 내에는 압력 제어 밸브(6)가 설치되어 있다. 압력 제어 밸브(6)는 공동 방지 밸브(anti-cavitation valve)인 것이 바람직하다. 공동 방지 밸브는 통상 릴리프 밸브와 체크 밸브의 조합으로 이루어진 것으로서 밸브 관련 기술분야에서 공지의 기술이므로 본 명세서에서는 이에 대해 더 이상 상세하게 설명하지 않기로 한다.Moreover, the pressure control valve 6 is provided in the lower end part of the loading pipe 3. The pressure control valve 6 is preferably an anti-cavitation valve. The cavity preventing valve is generally made of a combination of a relief valve and a check valve, which is well known in the art, and thus will not be described in detail herein.

압력 제어 밸브(6)에는 적재 파이프(3)의 상단 부분의 압력을 측정하는 압력 전달기(7)가 연결되어 있다. 압력 제어 밸브(6)는 압력 전달기(7)에 의해 전달된 적재 파이프(3)의 상단 부분의 압력에 근거하여 적재 파이프(3) 내의 압력을 제어하여 원유의 증기압 이상으로 유지시킨다.The pressure control valve 6 is connected with a pressure transmitter 7 which measures the pressure of the upper part of the loading pipe 3. The pressure control valve 6 controls the pressure in the loading pipe 3 based on the pressure of the upper portion of the loading pipe 3 delivered by the pressure transmitter 7 to maintain above the vapor pressure of the crude oil.

본 발명에서는 적재 파이프(3)의 하단 부분에서 적재 파이프(3) 내의 압력을 제어하여 원유의 증기압 이상으로 유지시키므로, 수평의 공급 파이프(2)로부터 수평으로 공급되는 원유가 수직의 적재 파이프(3)와 만나는 부분, 즉 적재 파이프(3)의 상단 부분에서 갑자기 수직으로 낙하하게 되어 원유의 유속이 증가되더라도, 적 재 파이프(3)의 상단 부분에서 유체 공동이 발생하지 않게 된다. 즉, 적재 파이프(3) 내에서 유체의 정압력이 그 유체의 증기압보다 크게 되면 유체 공동이 발생하지 않게 되므로, 적재 파이프(3)의 상단 부분에서 원유가 증발하지 않게 되어 휘발성 유기화합물이 발생하지 않게 된다.In the present invention, since the pressure in the loading pipe 3 is controlled at the lower end of the loading pipe 3 and maintained above the vapor pressure of the crude oil, the crude oil supplied horizontally from the horizontal supply pipe 2 is vertically loaded pipe 3. Suddenly fall vertically at the upper portion of the loading pipe (3), that is, even if the flow rate of the crude oil is increased, the fluid cavity does not occur in the upper portion of the loading pipe (3). That is, when the static pressure of the fluid in the loading pipe 3 is greater than the vapor pressure of the fluid, the fluid cavity does not occur, so that crude oil does not evaporate at the upper portion of the loading pipe 3 so that volatile organic compounds do not occur. do.

이상에서는 본 발명이 특정 실시예를 중심으로 하여 설명되었지만, 본 발명의 취지 및 첨부된 특허청구범위 내에서 다양한 변형, 변경 또는 수정이 당해 기술분야에서 있을 수 있으며, 따라서, 전술한 설명 및 도면은 본 발명의 기술사상을 한정하는 것이 아닌 본 발명을 예시하는 것으로 해석되어져야 한다.While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. And should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, but rather should be construed as exemplifying the invention.

도 1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 원유 운반선의 휘발성 유기화합물 저감 시스템의 개략적인 구성도이다.1 is a schematic configuration diagram of a volatile organic compound reduction system of a crude oil carrier according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (1)

원유 탱커.Crude Oil Tanker.
KR1020090109218A 2009-11-12 2009-11-12 Crude oil tanker KR101460251B1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101422719B1 (en) * 2012-09-27 2014-08-13 삼성중공업 주식회사 Apparatus for loading storage tank with oil and oil carrier having the same

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4389959A (en) 1978-06-09 1983-06-28 Conway Charles S Cargo handling system for tanker vessels
JPS6233597U (en) * 1985-08-15 1987-02-27
NO315293B1 (en) 2001-10-31 2003-08-11 Procyss As Process for absorbing vapors and gases in the control of overpressure storage tanks for liquids and application of the process
KR101012643B1 (en) 2008-07-16 2011-02-09 대우조선해양 주식회사 System and method for decreasing voc in crude oil tanker

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101422719B1 (en) * 2012-09-27 2014-08-13 삼성중공업 주식회사 Apparatus for loading storage tank with oil and oil carrier having the same

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