KR20110025372A - Reciprocating compressor with multi-stage cylinders - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A reciprocating compressor with multi-stage cylinders is provided to improve the energy efficiency by efficiently utilizing the power of the driving unit which is wasted in the initial time of a compression process. CONSTITUTION: A reciprocating compressor with multi-stage cylinders comprises a cylinder part and an outlet valve(70). The cylinder part comprises a plurality of cylinders(110,120,130). A plurality of cylinders has different diameters and successively connected with each other. The larger diameter cylinder is bigger than the small one by 1.5 or 2.5 times.

Description

Hermetic reciprocating compressor with multi-stage cylinder structure {RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR WITH MULTI-STAGE CYLINDERS}

The present invention relates to a reciprocating compressor, and in detail, the cylinder part has a shape in which a plurality of cylinders having different diameters are sequentially combined in diameter order and is sequentially compressed from the cylinder having the largest diameter by the reciprocating motion of the shaft. The present invention relates to a hermetic reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure capable of efficiently utilizing the power of a drive unit throughout a compression process.

In general, a compressor is a device for compressing gas, and is divided into a reciprocating compressor that compresses gas by linearly reciprocating a piston and a rotary compressor that compresses gas by rotating vanes.

Among these, the reciprocating compressor uses a motor to compress the gas by reciprocating the piston, and has an advantage of high efficiency due to relatively low energy loss compared to other types of compressors. The reciprocating compressor includes a driving unit generating power by receiving an external power source; It comprises a compression unit for sucking and compressing the gas by using the power of the drive unit.

In the conventional reciprocating compressor, as shown in FIG. 1, the compression unit has a linear reciprocating motion of the piston 10 connected to the shaft 10 and the shaft by the driving force of the motor 90. Compressed gas is compressed to the desired pressure, and the gas flows into or out of the compression chamber 50 through the suction valve 60 and the discharge valve 70.

Looking at the action of the conventional reciprocating compressor in detail, first the piston 20 is reversed in order to suck the external gas at this time the inlet valve 60 is opened while the external gas is introduced into the compression chamber (50). When the piston retracts to the maximum, it has a shape as shown in FIG. 2A.

In this state, the suction valve 60 is closed and the piston 20 moves forward in the direction of the suction valve, so that the space in the compression chamber 50 is reduced, and the air inside the compression chamber 50 is compressed to reach a desired pressure, and thus, FIG. In the same shape, the discharge valve 70 opens to discharge the compressed air inside the compression chamber.

It should be noted that since the pressure inside the compressor is low when the air starts to be compressed as shown in FIG. 2A, the shaft and the piston can be compressed even with a relatively small force, but the air is considerably compressed as shown in FIG. 2B. In the compressor, the pressure inside the compressor is also significant, and the shaft and piston must be applied with great force to continue the compression process.

3 is a graph showing a change in power required by the drive unit according to the progress of the compression process in the reciprocating compressor. As shown in FIG. 3, the compression can be performed with a relatively small power at the time when the compression starts (when the piston is short in the compression chamber, in the case of FIG. 2A). As it grows, compression requires more and more power.

Typically, the compressor determines the power of the driving unit based on x, which is the largest power in FIG. 3. The problem is that in the right part of Fig. 3 all of the power of the drive part is used, but in the left part of Fig. 3 most of the power of the drive part is not actually used and is wasted.

The present invention has been invented to solve the above problems, the present invention is a cylinder portion has a shape in which a plurality of cylinders having different diameters are sequentially coupled in diameter order from the cylinder having the largest diameter by the reciprocating motion of the shaft It is an object of the present invention to provide a hermetic reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure that can be efficiently utilized in the entire compression process by being compressed in turn.

In the hermetic reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure according to the present invention, the cylinder part is a plurality of cylinders having different diameters are sequentially coupled in diameter order, and are sequentially compressed from the cylinder having the largest diameter by the reciprocating motion of the shaft. It is characterized by.

According to another preferred feature of the invention, the plurality of cylinders constituting the cylinder portion is composed of at least two or more cylinders, the cross-sectional area of any one of the plurality of cylinders is 1.5 to 2.5 times the cross-sectional area of the cylinder having a smaller adjacent diameter to be.

According to another preferred feature of the invention, the plurality of cylinders constituting the cylinder portion is composed of at least two or more cylinders, the height of the smallest cylinder is 1.5 to 2.5 times the height of the other cylinder, the diameter is the first The height of the cylinders other than the small cylinder is 0.5 to 1.5 times the height of the adjacent cylinder.

According to another preferred feature of the invention, the plurality of cylinders constituting the cylinder portion is composed of at least two or more cylinders, the cross-sectional area of any one of the plurality of cylinders is twice as large as the cross-sectional area of the cylinder having a smaller adjacent diameter, The height of the smallest cylinder is twice the height of the other cylinder and the heights of the cylinders other than the cylinder with the smallest diameter are the same as the height of the adjacent cylinder.

According to another preferred feature of the invention, the cylinder portion is composed of three cylinders including a first stage cylinder in which the intake valve is located, a second stage cylinder adjacent to the first stage cylinder and a three stage cylinder adjacent to the second stage cylinder, 1 The cross section of the single cylinder is 1/2 of the cross section of the two stage cylinder, the cross section of the two stage cylinder is 1/2 of the cross section of the three stage cylinder, and the height of the single stage cylinder is 1.5 to 2.5 times the height of the two stage cylinder, The height of the single cylinder and the three stage cylinder are the same.

According to another preferred feature of the present invention, the cylinder portion further includes a fixing portion provided in the plurality of cylinders constituting the cylinder portion so as to be sequentially compressed from the cylinder having the largest diameter by the reciprocating motion of the shaft.

According to another preferred feature of the invention, the fixing portion is a groove formed in the side wall of the cylinder, a rod-shaped latch that can be inserted into and separated from the groove, engaging and detachable with the latch and the latch formed in the upper direction of the cylinder side wall It includes a latch driving unit for moving the latch in the left and right directions, a control unit for controlling the operation of the latch driving unit.

According to another preferred feature of the invention, the shaft is connected to the outside of the cylinder with the largest diameter.

According to another preferred feature of the invention, an impact mitigating means is attached to the inner bottom of the cylinder with the largest diameter.

The hermetic reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure according to the present invention has a constant power required in the course of the compression process, so that the power wasted early in the compression process in the conventional compressor can be efficiently used.

In addition, since the power required when compressing the same air to the same pressure compared to the conventional compressor is relatively small, the compressor according to the present invention is superior in energy efficiency compared to the conventional compressor.

According to the present invention, a plurality of cylinders having different diameters are sequentially coupled in order of diameter in the hermetic reciprocating compressor in order to effectively utilize the power wasted initially during the compression process. It is characterized by manufacturing in the form.

In addition, since the compression process proceeds in order from the largest diameter, air is compressed in a large area at low pressure at the beginning of the compression process, and as the compression process proceeds, the pressure gradually increases, but the area decreases, thereby compressing the compressor. The power required by the same is the same, using the same power during the progress of the compression process can utilize the power wasted early in the compression process in the conventional compressor as efficiently as possible.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the following examples are provided to enable those skilled in the art to fully understand the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited by the embodiments described below.

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the cylinder portion having a three-stage cylinder as one embodiment of a hermetic reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure according to the present invention. 4 illustrates an example in which a cylinder part is composed of three cylinders for convenience of description. As shown in FIG. 4, the cylinder part 100 includes a first stage cylinder 110, a second stage cylinder 120, and a three stage cylinder 130.

The cross-sectional area of the three-stage cylinder 130 is 1.5 to 2.5 times the cross-sectional area of the second stage cylinder 120, and the cross-sectional area of the two-stage cylinder 120 is 1.5 to 2.5 times the cross-sectional area of the first stage cylinder 110. If the cross-sectional area is less than 1.5 times the volume of the compression chamber is small, the efficiency is low, if the cross-sectional area exceeds 2.5 times, there is a problem that a lot of power is consumed. Preferably, the cross-sectional area of the first stage cylinder 110 is 1/2 of the cross-sectional area of the second stage cylinder 120, and the cross-sectional area of the second stage cylinder 120 is 1/2 of the cross-sectional area of the three stage cylinder 130.

The height of the first stage cylinder 110 is 1.5 to 2.5 times the height of the second stage cylinder 120, and if the height is less than 1.5 times, the efficiency is low because the volume of the compression chamber is small, and if the height exceeds 2.5 times, a lot of power is required. There is a problem. In addition, the height of the second stage cylinder 120 is 0.5 to 1.5 times the height of the third stage cylinder 130, and if the height is less than 0.5 times, the volume of the compression chamber is small and the efficiency is low. There is a problem. Preferably, the height of the first stage cylinder 110 is twice the height of the second stage cylinder 120, and the height of the second stage cylinder 120 is the same as the height of the three stage cylinder 130.

If this is expressed as an expression, it has the following relationship.

Cross section of single cylinder * (1.5 to 2.5) = cross section of single cylinder

Cross section area of two stage cylinder * (1.5 to 2.5) = Cross section area of three stage cylinder

Height of 1st cylinder = Height of 2nd cylinder * (1.5 to 2.5)

Height of 2nd Cylinder * (0.5 to 1.5) = Height of 3rd Cylinder

Here, the cross-sectional area is a cylinder cross section in the vertical direction of the reciprocating direction of the compressor shaft, and the height means the cylinder height in the reciprocating direction of the shaft.

Hereinafter, the cross-sectional area of the first stage cylinder 110 is 1/2 of the cross-sectional area of the second stage cylinder 120, and the cross-sectional area of the second stage cylinder 120 is 1/2 of the cross-sectional area of the three stage cylinder 130. The height of the first stage cylinder 110 is twice the height of the second stage cylinder 120, and the height of the second stage cylinder 120 is described based on the same as the height of the three stage cylinder 130.

5 is a view sequentially showing a compression process of the compressor in FIG. Fig. 5 (a) is a cross sectional view of the cylinder portion after the third stage cylinder is compressed, and Fig. 5 (b) is a sectional view of the cylinder portion after the second stage cylinder is compressed, and Fig. 5 (c) is a sectional view of the cylinder portion during the compression of the first stage cylinder. to be.

It has the shape of FIG. 4 before the compression process starts. As shown in FIG. 4, the first, second and third stage cylinders 110, 120, and 130 remain in an expanded state before the compression process starts. When the compression process starts, the third stage cylinder 130 is first shown in FIG. 5A. As it moves upwards, the air in the compression chamber 150 begins to compress.

When the compression of the three-stage cylinder 130 is completed, it becomes the form of FIG. 5 (a), and when the two-stage cylinder 120 is pushed by the three-stage cylinder 130 and compressed to the second-stage cylinder 120, It becomes the shape of 5 (b). Next, the air in the compression chamber is compressed to the desired pressure while being pushed up by the two-stage cylinder 120 to the first stage cylinder 110. When the compression is completed, the discharge valve 70 is opened and compressed to the outside of the compression chamber. Gas is discharged.

When comparing the third stage cylinder 130 and the second stage cylinder 120, the pressure of the air at the time of compression of the third stage cylinder 130 is 1/2 of the pressure of the air at the time of compression of the second stage cylinder 120. Since the cross-sectional area of the three-stage cylinder 130 is twice the cross-sectional area of the two-stage cylinder 120, the driving unit connected to the shaft of the compressor during the compression of the three-stage cylinder 130 and the compression of the two-stage cylinder 120 as a whole The amount of power required by is the same.

Similarly, the amount of power required in the drive unit connected to the shaft of the compressor during compression in the second stage cylinder 120 and the first stage cylinder 110 becomes equal. Therefore, in conclusion, the amount of power required by the drive unit connected to the shaft of the compressor in the compression process is constant, unlike the conventional compressor there is no power wasted in the compression process.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing a trend of power change required in the compression process of the compressor shown in FIG. 4 according to the present invention, which will be described in comparison with the conventional compressor in FIG. While the conventional compressor in FIG. 3 requires a lot of power gradually as the compression process proceeds, the compressor according to the present invention in FIG. 6 gradually increases as the compression process proceeds at each stage of the cylinder. The power is required, but the power required at the moment of the stage change is reduced, so that the power required at the time of the compression process as a whole becomes a sawtooth shape, which is constant compared to FIG.

Therefore, the compressor according to the present invention can compress with a small power y when compressing the same air to a desired pressure, but the conventional compressor requires a larger power x.

On the other hand, the first, second and third stage cylinders 110, 120 and 130 have a sealing means such as a gasket attached to the connection portion so that the compression chamber therein can be sealed. In FIG. 4, reference numerals 111, 121, and 131 denote sealing means.

In addition, the three-stage cylinder 130 connected to the shaft may be operated by installing a separate piston therein, in the present invention, in order to more securely maintain the air tightness of the compression chamber of the three-stage cylinder 130 instead of a separate piston It is preferable to connect the shaft 10 of the compressor directly to the outside. As a result, the three-stage cylinder 130 also serves as a piston of the conventional compressor.

In addition, as the compression process proceeds, separate second fixing parts and first fixing parts are installed so that the three-stage, two-stage, and first-stage cylinders 130, 120, and 110 may be sequentially compressed.

The fixing part includes a groove formed in the side wall of the cylinder, a rod-shaped jammer that can be inserted into and detached from the groove, can be combined with and separated from the jammer, and a latch formed in an upper direction of the side wall of the cylinder, which moves the latch in left and right directions. A latch driver and a controller for controlling the operation of the latch driver are included. 7 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor in which a brace and a groove are formed, and FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor in which a brace, a groove and a brace are formed. As shown in Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, in the case of a cylinder section composed of three stages, two fixing portions are provided. This will be described in detail.

The second fixing part protrudes from the side wall of the three-stage cylinder 130 in the direction of the two-stage cylinder 120, the second latch 220 and the first-stage cylinder 110 having a form that can be coupled to the latch 222 to be described later. In the state in which the second groove 221 and the three stage cylinder 130 are not compressed, the second groove 221 and the three stage cylinder 130 are not compressed. ) Is not compressed, and the second groove 221 to be combined with the second latch 220 in order to prevent the compression of the three-stage cylinder 130 in the state that the three-stage cylinder 130 is fully compressed. ) And a second catcher 222 capable of reciprocating between the second catcher 220, a catcher driver (not shown) for moving the catcher 222 in a left-right direction, and operation of the catcher driver. And a second controller (not shown) for controlling.

Similarly, the first fixing part includes a first catcher, a first groove, a first latch, and a first control unit. The configuration of the controller is not particularly limited, but a sensor may be installed to detect and control the movement of the cylinder, or a mechanical device different from the above may be installed to detect and control the movement of the cylinder. Furthermore, the second control unit and the first control unit may be integrated into one control unit and installed.

On the other hand, it is preferable to attach an impact mitigating means to the bottom of the cylinder with the largest diameter. The impact mitigation means is made of the same material as rubber. Impact mitigating means to mitigate the impact caused by the reciprocation of the shaft, to help maintain the airtight inside the cylinder portion, there is an effect of providing a margin when coupling the groove and the engaging. In the case of Figure 8 is attached to the bottom of the three-stage cylinder (130).

9 is a view showing an example of the operation of the sealed reciprocating having a multi-stage cylinder structure according to the present invention including a fixing portion. Fig. 8 is a sectional view of the cylinder portion before the compression step is performed, Fig. 9 (a) is a sectional view of the cylinder portion after the three-stage cylinder is compressed, and Fig. 9 (b) is a sectional view of the cylinder portion after the two-stage cylinder is compressed, Fig. 9 (c) is sectional drawing of the cylinder part during compression of a 1st stage cylinder.

As shown in FIG. 8, before the compression starts, the first, second and third stage cylinders 110, 120, and 130 remain in an expanded state. When the compression starts, the third stage cylinder 130 moves upward. The air in the compression chamber 150 is compressed.

When the third stage cylinder 130 starts to compress, the first catcher 212 and the second catcher 222 are coupled to the first groove 211 and the second groove 221, respectively, so that the third stage cylinder Even if 130 starts compression, the first stage cylinder 110 and the second stage cylinder 120 are not compressed. When the third stage cylinder 130 is completely compressed, the second catcher 222 coupled to the second groove 221 is moved to engage with the second catch 220 to form the shape of FIG. 9 (a). .

At this time, the movement of the second catcher 222 is made through a separate catcher driving device (not shown) connected to the second catcher 222.

As the compression process continues in the form of FIG. 9 (a), the third stage cylinder 130 and the second stage cylinder 120 are integrally coupled by the second catcher 222 and continue together with the shaft 10. When moved, the second stage cylinder 120 is compressed to have the shape of FIG. 9 (b). Here, similarly, the first catcher 212 that is coupled to the first groove 211 moves and couples with the first catch 210. Thereafter, the air inside the compression chamber is compressed to the desired pressure while being pushed up by the second stage cylinder 120 to the first stage 110 as shown in FIG. 9 (c), and the discharge valve is opened when the compression is completed. The compressed gas is discharged out of the compression chamber.

Next, when the discharge of the compressed air is extruded, the discharge valve is closed, the intake valve is opened, the outside air is introduced into the compression chamber. In the process of increasing the internal space of the compression chamber as the intake valve is opened, the expansion order of the first, second and third stage cylinders is not very important. Will be

In addition, the cylinder portion according to the present invention further includes a guide portion for maintaining a constant movement path of the plurality of cylinders constituting the cylinder portion in order to prevent the reciprocating axis of the cylinder is twisted while the plurality of cylinders reciprocating at high speed It is preferable.

10 is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder unit with a guide unit as an embodiment of a hermetic reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure according to the present invention. The guide part 300 includes guide bars 310, 320, 330, a fixing frame 340, and a bearing frame 350. The guide rods 310, 320 and 330 are reciprocated together with the respective cylinders 110, 120 and 130, which are coupled to the outside of each cylinder, and have a rod shape installed in the same direction as the reciprocating direction of the shaft in the direction opposite to the shaft in each cylinder. Has The guide rods are preferably installed to be symmetrical with respect to the central axis of two or more axes.

The fixing frame 340 is installed in a direction orthogonal to the reciprocating axis of each cylinder at a position which does not prevent the reciprocating motion of each cylinder, and the fixing frame 340 at the point where the fixing frame 340 and the guide bars 310, 320, 330 cross each other. ) Is provided with a bearing frame 350. Reciprocating motion of each cylinder is made along the guide rods 310, 320, 330. Here, the bearing frame 350 is preferably made to include at least two or more bearings 351 therein in order to effectively prevent the direction of the reciprocating shaft of the cylinder is distorted.

Although the compressor according to the present invention has been described above based on the cylinder portion having the three-stage cylinder, the present invention is not limited to the three-stage cylinder, and the cylinder portion may be composed of two or more stages. For example, in the case of providing a four-stage cylinder, the height of the four-stage cylinder is preferably equal to the height of the two-stage cylinder or the three-stage cylinder, and the cross-sectional area of the four-stage cylinder is twice the cross-sectional area of the three-stage cylinder.

In addition, although the intake valve and the discharge valve are shown in the upper portion in the drawings, the intake valve and the discharge valve may be installed in the lower portion depending on the situation.

1 is a cross-sectional view of a compression chamber in a conventional reciprocating compressor,

2a and 2b is a state diagram showing an operating state of a conventional reciprocating compressor,

3 is a graph showing a change in power according to the progress of the compression process in the reciprocating compressor,

4 is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder portion having a three-stage cylinder as an embodiment of a hermetic reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure according to the present invention;

5 is a view sequentially showing the compression process of the compressor in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a graph illustrating a trend of power change in the compression process of the compressor shown in FIG. 4 according to the present invention; FIG.

7 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor having a latch and a groove formed therein;

8 is a cross-sectional view of a compressor in which a latch, a groove, and a latch are formed;

9 is a view showing an example of the operation of the hermetic reciprocating having a multi-stage cylinder structure according to the present invention including a fixing part,

10 is a cross-sectional view of a cylinder unit with a guide unit as an embodiment of a hermetic reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure according to the present invention.

<Description of the major symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

110: 1 single cylinder

120: 2 single cylinder

130: 3-stage cylinder

210, 220: A jammer

211, 221: Home

212, 222: Latch

310,320,330: Induction rod

340: fixed frame

350: bearing

Claims (9)

In the hermetic reciprocating compressor which reciprocates the shaft by the power and compresses the gas sucked through the suction valve to high pressure in the cylinder part and discharges the discharge gas out of the compressor through the discharge valve. The cylinder unit is a closed type reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure characterized in that a plurality of cylinders having different diameters are sequentially coupled in diameter order, and are sequentially compressed from the cylinder having the largest diameter by the reciprocating motion of the shaft. . According to claim 1, wherein the plurality of cylinders constituting the cylinder portion is composed of at least two or more cylinders, the cross-sectional area of any one of the plurality of cylinders is characterized in that 1.5 to 2.5 times the cross-sectional area of the cylinder having a smaller adjacent diameter Sealed reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure. According to claim 1, wherein the plurality of cylinders constituting the cylinder portion is composed of at least two or more cylinders, the height of the cylinder with the smallest diameter is 1.5 to 2.5 times the height of the other cylinder, other than the cylinder with the smallest diameter The height of the other cylinders of the closed reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure, characterized in that 0.5 to 1.5 times the height of the adjacent cylinder. 2. The cylinder of claim 1, wherein the plurality of cylinders constituting the cylinder portion is composed of at least two or more cylinders, and the cross-sectional area of any one of the plurality of cylinders is twice the cross-sectional area of the adjacent small cylinder, and the diameter is the first. A closed cylinder reciprocating compressor having a multistage cylinder structure, wherein the height of the small cylinder is twice the height of the other cylinder, and the height of the cylinders other than the smallest diameter is the same as the height of the adjacent cylinder. According to claim 1, wherein the cylinder portion is composed of three cylinders including a first stage cylinder in which the intake valve is located, a second stage cylinder adjacent to the first stage cylinder and a three stage cylinder adjacent to the second stage cylinder, The cross section of the first stage cylinder is 1/2 of the cross section of the second stage cylinder, the cross section of the second stage cylinder is 1/2 of the cross section of the three stage cylinder, The height of the first stage cylinder is 1.5 to 2.5 times the height of the second stage cylinder, the height of the two stage cylinder and the three stage cylinder is a hermetic reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure. 2. The multi-stage cylinder structure according to claim 1, wherein the cylinder portion further comprises a fixing portion provided on a plurality of cylinders constituting the cylinder portion so that the cylinder portion can be sequentially compressed from the cylinder having the largest diameter by the reciprocating motion of the shaft. Sealed reciprocating compressor having a. The method of claim 6, wherein the fixing portion is a groove formed in the side wall of the cylinder, a rod-shaped latch that can be inserted into and separated from the groove, engaging and detachable to the latch and the latch formed in the upper direction of the cylinder side wall, the latch Hermetically closed reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure characterized in that it comprises a latch for driving the movement in the left and right direction, the control unit for controlling the operation of the latch drive. The hermetic reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure according to claim 1, wherein a shaft is connected to an outside of the cylinder having the largest diameter. The sealed reciprocating compressor having a multi-stage cylinder structure according to claim 1, wherein an impact mitigating means is attached to an inner bottom of the cylinder having the largest diameter.

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