KR20110021309A - United gas hydrate formation, transportation and decomposition apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A united gas hydrate storage and decomposition apparatus is provided to enhance the generation efficiency of gas hydrate by maximizing the contact area of water and gas when the gas hydrate is manufactured. CONSTITUTION: A united gas hydrate storage and decomposition apparatus comprises an external chamber(10) and single container(20). Cold and hot fluids are injected and discharged into/from the external chamber. The single container is held in the external chamber. The area ratio of the widest horizontal section and the widest vertical section of the single container is over 2.5:1. The single container expands the contact area of water and gas when gas hydrate is manufactured. The single container comprises gas and water inlet and outlet(21) and is supported by a support(22), which is connected to one or more of the external chamber and another single container.

Description

United gas hydrate formation, transportation and decomposition apparatus

The present invention relates to a gas hydrate generation, storage, transport and regasification (dissociation) integrated processing device, a series of processes for producing a gas hydrate at low temperature, high pressure, transport to the demand, regasification is performed in one device It is about the technique which makes it possible.

Gas hydrate (Gas Hydrate) refers to a solid material formed by combining gas such as methane (CH ₄ ) with water molecules (H ₂ O) under low temperature and high pressure (26 ° C. or 10 ° C. 76 atm). It is found in areas adjacent to oil and natural gas reservoirs and coal beds in the frozen regions, but in deep sea sediments at low and high pressure, especially in continental slopes. Recently, the interest in the technology used for the storage and transportation of natural gas, such as using the physical bonding properties of the gas hydrate has been increasing.

In the conventional method of transporting natural gas collected from a gas field, when transported in a natural gas state, the volume is large and explosive. Therefore, the natural gas is cooled to a liquefaction temperature to generate liquefied natural gas (LNG). The method of storing and transporting in the dedicated tank installed in a transport ship etc. was used. However, methane gas, which is a main component of natural gas, needs a cryogenic temperature of about −162 ° C. to liquefy it, and the cost of transporting it while maintaining these conditions is enormous. In the case of methane, it is possible to achieve a volume reduction of about 180 times when generating gas hydride, and a method of storing and transporting natural gas using this gas hydration property for storage and transportation of natural gas has been proposed. .

Various types of gas hydrate generation and regasification apparatuses have been developed according to the above characteristics. For example, Korean Patent No. 10-0786812 is a gas hydrate generation and ash including a reaction chamber 110, a constant temperature holding tank 120, a gas supply unit 130, a water supply unit 140, as shown in FIG. The gasifier 100 is disclosed. In the reaction chamber 110, the reaction water 200 and the gas 300 react with each other under conditions of an appropriate temperature and pressure to generate or regasify a gas hydrate.

In addition, since the place where the gas hydrate is produced and the place where it is regasified and used are different, the gas hydrate prepared by the above method is supplied to the demand by using a separate transportation means. As such transportation means, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2005-195083 discloses a transportation system using a light, durable and hermetic bag 30 made of rubber or synthetic resin or the like. In detail, the document shows a gas hydrate (G ') in the gas hydrate generating plant (A), as shown in Figure 2, and then a light, durable and hermetic bag (30) made of rubber or synthetic resin, etc. The present invention discloses a system in which a gas hydrate is loaded into a container and transported, and the bag 30 loaded with the gas hydrate is transferred to a regasification plant B for decomposition.

However, in this case, the prepared gas hydrate is already very difficult to load in an envelope in a solid state, and a complicated loading process such as a slurry state or a separate powdering operation is required for proper fluidity preservation. In addition, when the functions of the gas hydrate generating plant, the transportation means, and the regasification plant are separated, the demand site must be equipped with a regasification plant. There is a drawback of not being able to supply hydrates. In addition, since the gas hydrate is generated, the generated gas hydrate is loaded on a transportation means, and the gas hydrate must be transferred to a regasification plant to be regasified by arriving at a demand place, which requires a lot of time and labor.

In addition, in the case of transporting the gas hydrate produced by preparing a separate means of transport, the production plant produces a gas hydrate on the slurry, and performs a process such as dehydration, cooling, decompression to reduce the volume, and forming and solidifying apparatus Since the gas hydrate must be manufactured in a shape suitable for transportation by use, it may be pointed out that a very complicated process and a long production time are required until the gas hydrate is loaded on the vehicle, thereby lowering economic efficiency.

As in the above two cases, gas hydrates in slurry are produced by complex processes for loading and supplying the vehicle, and dehydration, cooling, and decompression are performed to reduce the volume, shape and solidify the gas hydrate. In the case of manufacturing, considering the time, energy, and cost of a complicated process, the transportation efficiency and economics by these methods are difficult to be satisfied. Therefore, improvement of such a gas transportation system is calculated | required.

The present invention is to solve the above problems of the prior art,

First, the production, storage, transport, and regasification of gas hydrates can be performed in a single container, effectively linking the production, storage, transport, and regasification of gas hydrates. It aims to upgrade the economics of natural gas to the next level by reducing facility investment costs and operating time.

Secondly, the above-mentioned apparatus aims to greatly simplify the regasification facility required at the demand site, thereby reducing the initial capital investment cost and to expand the supply range and method of natural gas.

Third, it is an object of the present invention to provide a gas hydrate generation, storage, transportation and regasification integrated processing apparatus that improves gas hydrate production efficiency by maximizing the contact area of water and gas in gas hydrate manufacturing.

The present invention,

External chamber for the injection and discharge of cold and hot fluid, and

Produced in the outer chamber, in order to enlarge the contact area of water and gas in the manufacture of the gas hydrate, the gas hydrate is produced so that the area ratio of the widest cross section and the widest longitudinal cross section in the container is at least 2.5: 1. At least one single container wherein the storage, transportation and regasification all take place in one vessel;

The single vessel has a gas and water inlet and outlet passages, and is supported by a support portion connected to at least one of the outer chamber and the other single vessel, and the fluid is allowed to enter and exit the outer chamber and other single vessels except for the support portion. Provided is an integrated processing apparatus for generating, storing, transporting and regasifying gas hydrates, wherein the gas hydrates are spaced apart from each other.

The integrated device for generating, storing, transporting and regasifying gas hydrates of the present invention allows the production, storage, transport and regasification of gas hydrates in a single container to efficiently generate, store, transport and regasify gas hydrates. In this way, it is possible to upgrade the economics of natural gas to the next level by simplifying the process of artificial manufacturing and regasification of gas hydrates, reducing facility investment costs, and reducing operating time.

In addition, the above-described apparatus greatly simplifies the regasification plant required at the demand site, thereby reducing the initial capital investment cost, thereby providing an effect of expanding the supply range and method of natural gas.

In addition, the integrated treatment apparatus of the present invention maximizes the contact area of water and gas during gas hydrate manufacturing, thereby providing a significantly improved gas hydrate generation efficiency.

The present invention

External chamber for the injection and discharge of cold and hot fluid, and

Production of a gas hydrate, which is accommodated in the outer chamber and manufactured so that the area ratio of the widest cross section and the widest longitudinal section in the container is greater than or equal to 2.5: 1 in order to enlarge the contact area of water and gas in the manufacture of the gas hydrate, One or more single vessels in which storage, transportation and regasification all take place in one vessel;

The single vessel has a gas and water inlet and outlet passages, and is supported by a support portion connected to at least one of the outer chamber and the other single vessel, and the fluid is allowed to enter and exit the outer chamber and other single vessels except for the support portion. The present invention relates to a gas hydrate generation, storage, transport and regasification integrated processing device, characterized in that spaced apart so as to be installed.

The device produces gas hydrates by supplying water and gas into a single container and cooling fluid to the outer chamber, respectively, and regasifies the gas hydrate by supplying a fluid at a temperature capable of decomposing the gas hydrate to the outer chamber. can do.

As a conventional gas hydrate generating apparatus, it is not known that the area ratio of the widest cross section and the widest longitudinal cross section of the gas hydrate production vessel contained therein is 2: 1 or more. The present inventors have completed the present invention by finding that the size of the contact area of water and gas has a significant influence on the production efficiency of the gas hydrate in preparing the gas hydrate.

The single container included in the integrated treatment apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that the area ratio of the widest cross section and the widest longitudinal cross section of the container is 2.5: 1 or more. In the above, the area ratio of 2.5: 1 is a numerical value that is set at a ratio representing a remarkable difference from the gas hydrate generating vessel used in the related art in terms of the contact area between water and the gas and the resulting gas hydrate generation efficiency. More preferable area ratio is 3: 1-20: 1. If the area ratio is 3: 1 or more, the contact area between water and gas is sufficiently wide to obtain a better gas hydrate generation efficiency. If the area ratio exceeds 20: 1, the area is too wide compared to the thickness of the container to manufacture and install a single container. And there is a disadvantage that additional costs are required to maintain.

The form of the single container is not particularly limited, and any form may be employed as long as the contact area of water and gas can be increased. Specific examples thereof include a square pillar shape and an elliptic cylinder shape.

The single container may further include one or more inner heat transfer pins fixed to the inner surface of the container and one or more outer heat transfer pins fixed to the outer surface of the container. Since the heat transfer fins propagate the temperature conditions applied from the outside of the single vessel to the inside of the single vessel more quickly, the gas hydrate can be quickly generated or regasified, thereby improving the efficiency of gas hydrate generation and regasification. It is possible to apply various heat or cooling sources to the vessel.

The single container may further include one or more cold and hot fluid moving tubes communicated with the outside of the container therein and heat transfer fins disposed around the fluid moving tubes. By providing the cold and hot fluid movement and the heating fins as described above, the temperature conditions applied from the outside of the single vessel are more quickly propagated into the single vessel, thereby improving the efficiency of gas hydrate formation and regasification.

The single container has a heat transfer pin fixed to the inner surface of the container and at least one cold and hot fluid moving tube in communication with the outside of the container inside the container together with at least one heat transfer pin fixed to the outer surface of the container and heat transfer disposed around the fluid transfer tube. It may further comprise a pin.

The shape of the outer chamber is not particularly limited, and any shape may be employed as long as it is in harmony with the shape of a single container housed therein. Specific examples thereof include a square pillar shape, a cylinder shape, an elliptic cylinder shape, and the like.

The outer chamber may have various forms such as an open type, an open type or a closed type.

The open type means a chamber configured so that a portion of the outer chamber is open toward the outside so that a single container accommodated therein is in contact with the outside air.

The open / close type means a chamber configured so that a part of the outer chamber is configured to be opened and closed as necessary to have both an open type and a closed type function.

The closed type means that the outer chamber is configured in a state in which the inner space containing the single container is closed except for functionally necessary portions such as the inlet and outlet passages of the cold and warm fluids and the inlet and outlet passages of the gas and water.

When the outer chamber is closed, the outer chamber has a configuration in which a passage for supplying and discharging a cold / hot fluid to an inner space and a passage for supplying and discharging gas and water to a single container housed therein.

The apparatus for generating, storing, transporting and regasifying the gas hydrate may further include a vibration generating device for vibrating the integrated processing apparatus to enlarge the contact area of water and gas in manufacturing the gas hydrate. Although the type of vibration is not limited in the above, a device for generating left and right vibration may be generally used.

In addition, the gas hydrate generation, storage, transport and regasification integrated processing apparatus may be configured to be rotated about the axis by further comprising a rotation axis in the outer chamber. When the rotation is possible by this structure, if the reaction proceeds while rotating, the contact area of the gas and water is increased, and accordingly, the generation efficiency of the gas hydrate may be higher.

In the present invention, it is preferable that the outer chamber includes two or more single containers for efficient operation. That is, when two or more single containers are included, the amount of cold fluid supplied into the outer chamber and the number of single containers supplied with gas and water can be adjusted to freely control not only the amount of gas hydrate but also the amount of regasification. Has

The gas hydrate generating, storing, transporting and regasification integrated processing apparatus of the present invention generates, stores, and transports gas hydrates when the gas hydrate is generated and then moved to a demand site as it is in a vehicle or the like. And directly regasifying the gas hydrate using a high temperature fluid supply device such as a heater provided in a vehicle or the like by exposing the integrated regasification integrated processing device to a given atmospheric environment. It is also possible to supply.

If it takes a long time to the demand site, by supplying a low-temperature fluid to the integrated gas processing unit for the production, storage, transport and regasification of the gas hardrate by using a cooling fluid supply device such as a cooler provided in a vehicle or the like during the movement. It is also possible to operate the gas hydrite to prevent regasification.

Using the above-described integrated apparatus for producing, storing, transporting and regasifying the gas hydrate of the present invention, the gas hydrate in the slurry is produced in a manner generally performed, and a process such as dehydration, cooling, and decompression is performed to It is also possible to produce gas hydrates for transport in a reduced (about 1/180) manner (no molding and solidification required), but the processes such as dehydration, cooling and depressurization are omitted in view of transport efficiency through simplified process. It is also possible to operate in such a way. In this case, the volume of the gas is reduced to about 1/150, resulting in a lower density than the above complicated method, but overall better economy can be obtained. Also in such cases, after regasification at the demand site, the remaining by-product, pure water, can be used for the required use.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

3 and 4 (AA cross-sectional view of Figure 3), the gas hydrate generation, storage, transport and regasification integrated processing apparatus, the outer chamber 10 and the single vessel 20 has a rectangular cylinder shape and the outer chamber ( 10) is a closed processing integrated device,

It is housed in the outer chamber 10 and the outer chamber 10 capable of injecting and discharging cold and hot fluid, and in order to enlarge the contact area of water and gas in the manufacture of gas hydrate, the widest cross section and the widest longitudinal section in the container. One or more single vessels 20, all of which are produced, stored, transported, and regasified, prepared to have an area ratio of 2.5: 1 or greater (about 5.3: 1);

The single vessel 20 has a gas and water injection and discharge passage 21, is supported by a support 22 connected to the outer chamber 10, except for the support 22, the outer chamber and other It is configured to be spaced apart so that the single container and the fluid can be entered.

In addition, the outer chamber 10 may supply the cold and hot fluid to the inside through the cold and hot fluid injection passage 11 attached to the upper portion, the cold and hot fluid discharge passage 12 installed in the lower portion of the outer chamber 10 It can discharge the used hot and cold fluid through.

In FIG. 3, the gas and water injection and discharge passages 21 installed in a single container are configured in a single tube shape, but the gas injection and discharge passages and the water injection and discharge passages may be separately installed, and water injection may be performed. Passage and discharge passages may also be installed separately. Therefore, the inlet and outlet of the gas and water can be appropriately installed as needed.

3 and 4, only the support 22 is shown laterally connected to the outer chamber 10, the shape of the support 22 is a single vessel 20, the outer chamber 10 and the other single vessel. Any form may be used as long as it can be spaced apart from (20). For example, the support 22 is installed vertically so that the bottom single container 20 is supported by the bottom surface of the outer chamber 10, and is stacked thereon by the top in the bottom single container 20. The support 22 may be installed vertically so that the other single container 20 is supported.

3 is a gas hydrate generation, storage, transport and regasification integrated processing apparatus is a gas of a suitable pressure in the injection and discharge passage 21 of the gas and water provided in a single container at the source of the gas hydrate and The gas hydrate is generated by supplying water and supplying a cooling fluid through the cold / hot fluid injection passage 11 provided in the outer chamber 10.

At this time, according to the required amount of the gas hydrate, only the required amount of gas hydrate by supplying the gas and water to the required number of single containers 20 from the lower portion, and supplying a limited amount of cooling fluid required by the number of the single container. It is also possible to manufacture.

 When the gas hydrate is completed, the gas hydrate generation, storage, transport and regasification integrated processing apparatus is loaded on a vehicle or the like as it is and moved to the demand site. Regasification at the demand site is performed through the hot and cold fluid injection passage 11 to the outer chamber 10 of the integrated gas regeneration, storage, transportation and regasification apparatus using a heater or the like provided in a means of transportation such as a demand site or a vehicle. This can be done by supplying a fluid at a temperature necessary for regasification of the gas hydrate.

At this time, the number of single containers 10 to be regasified according to the amount of gas required, and by supplying a limited amount of fluid at a temperature required for regasification of the gas hydrate from the bottom can be operated to regas only the required amount of gas. Do.

In addition, the gas hydrate generation, storage, transport and regasification integrated processing device during the movement as it is exposed to a given atmosphere environment, or the high temperature fluid supply device, such as a heater provided in the vehicle, such as a vehicle to rehydrate the gas hydrate It is also possible to supply gas directly through gasification without additional work at the demand site.

If a long time is required to the demand site, the external chamber 10 of the integrated processing apparatus for generating, storing, transporting and regasifying gas hydrates by using a cooling fluid supply device such as a cooler provided in a moving means such as a vehicle during the movement. Regasification of gas hydrite can also be prevented by supplying cooling fluid to a gas.

FIG. 5 discloses an integrated processing apparatus in which the outer chamber 10 and the single vessel 20 are in the form of a square pillar and the outer chamber 10 is open. Except for the above configuration, the rest of the configuration and operation method are the same as described above.

FIG. 6 discloses an integrated processing apparatus in which the outer chamber 10 and the single vessel 20 are in the form of a square pillar, and the outer chamber 10 is opened and closed. The outer chamber 10 is designed to be open and close, and if necessary, can open and close the outer chamber opening and closing lid 13, the cold and hot fluid injection passage 11 installed on the upper portion of the outer chamber 10 Through the cold and hot fluid can be supplied into the outer chamber, and has a structure capable of discharging the used hot and cold fluid through the cold and hot fluid discharge passage 12 attached to the lower portion of the outer chamber (10).

When the outer chamber 10 is configured to be open and closed as described above, when the gas hydrate is regasified, by opening the outer chamber opening and closing lid 13 and contacting the single container 20 contained therein to the outside air, separate energy It is easy and economical to regasify the gas hydrate without using. For example, when the gas hydrate generation, storage, transport and regasification integrated processing apparatus is loaded into a vehicle and moved to a demand site, when the external chamber opening / closing lid 13 is opened and the single container 20 contained therein is brought into contact with the outside air, it arrives at the demand site. Gas can be supplied without a separate regasification procedure.

FIG. 7 discloses an integrated processing apparatus in which the outer chamber 10 is configured in the form of a closed elliptic cylinder, and the single vessel 20 is in the form of a square pillar. Except for the above configuration, the rest of the configuration and operation method are the same as described above.

8 is an integrated processing apparatus in which the outer chamber 10 and the single vessel 20 are in the form of a square pillar, and the outer chamber 10 is closed. The inner heat transfer fin 23 is formed on the inner surface of the single vessel 20. The cross section of the integrated apparatus for producing, storing, transporting and regasifying a gas hydrate is characterized in that it is fixed and an external heat transfer fin 24 is fixed to an outer surface of the vessel.

In the case where the heating fins 23 and 24 are provided on the inner surface and the outer surface of the single vessel 20 as described above, the heating fins propagate the temperature condition applied from the outside of the single vessel more quickly into the single vessel. The gas hydrate can be quickly formed or regasified to improve the efficiency of gas hydrate formation and regasification.

9 is an integrated processing apparatus in which the outer chamber 10 and the single vessel 20 are in the form of a square pillar, and the outer chamber 10 is closed, wherein at least one of the one or more vessels communicates with the outside of the vessel. The cross section of the integrated apparatus for generating, storing, transporting and regasifying a gas hydrate is provided with a cold / hot fluid transfer tube 25 and a heat transfer fin 26 disposed around the fluid transfer tube.

When the cold and hot fluid movement 25 and the heat transfer fins 26 are provided, the temperature conditions applied from the outside of the single vessel 10 are more quickly propagated inside the single vessel, so that the efficiency of the generation and regasification of gas high rate is improved. Is improved.

Figure 1 shows a gas hydrate generation and decomposition apparatus of the prior art.

Figure 2 illustrates a prior art gas hydrate generation, transport and decomposition system.

FIG. 3 shows one embodiment of the integrated apparatus for generating, storing, transporting and regasifying the gas hydrate of the present invention (the outer chamber 10 and the single vessel 20 are in the form of a square column, and the outer chamber 10 is in a closed type). Configured form).

4 is a cross-sectional view showing the shape of the A-A cross section shown in FIG.

FIG. 5 shows one embodiment of the integrated apparatus for generating, storing, transporting and regasifying a gas hydrate of the present invention (the outer chamber 10 and the single vessel 20 are in the form of a square column, and the outer chamber 10 is configured to be open). Form).

FIG. 6 shows one form of the integrated apparatus for producing, storing, transporting and regasifying a gas hydrate of the present invention (the outer chamber 10 and the single vessel 20 are in the form of a square column, and the outer chamber 10 is configured to be opened and closed). Form).

Figure 7 is a form of the integrated processing, production, storage, transport and regasification of the gas hydrate of the present invention (the outer chamber 10 is an elliptic cylinder closed type, the single vessel 20 is formed in a square column shape) ) Is a perspective view.

FIG. 8 shows one embodiment of the integrated device for generating, storing, transporting, and regasifying the gas hydrate of the present invention (the outer chamber 10 and the single vessel 20 are in the form of a square column, and the outer chamber 10 is in a closed type). It is configured, the inner surface of the single container 20 is fixed to the inner heat transfer fin 23 and the outer surface of the container is a cross-sectional view of the outer heat transfer fin 24 is fixed).

Fig. 9 shows one form of the integrated apparatus for producing, storing, transporting and regasifying the gas hydrate of the present invention (the outer chamber 10 and the single vessel 20 are in the form of a square column, and the outer chamber 10 is in the closed form). It is a cross-sectional view of a single vessel 20 is provided with one or more cold and hot fluid moving tube 25 in communication with the outside of the container and a heat transfer fin 26 disposed around the fluid moving tube.

* Description of Drawing Symbols *

10: outer chamber 11: cold and hot fluid injection passage

12: hot and cold fluid discharge passage 13: outer chamber opening and closing lid

20: single vessel 21: gas and water inlet and outlet passage

22: support 23: internal heating fin

24: external heating fin 25: cold and hot fluid transfer tube

26: cold and hot fluid transfer tube heating fin

Claims (10)

External chamber for the injection and discharge of cold and hot fluid, and Production of a gas hydrate, which is accommodated in the outer chamber and manufactured so that the area ratio of the widest cross section and the widest longitudinal section in the container is greater than or equal to 2.5: 1 in order to enlarge the contact area of water and gas in the manufacture of the gas hydrate, One or more single vessels in which storage, transportation and regasification all take place in one vessel; The single container has a gas and water injection and discharge passage, and is supported by a support connected to at least one of the outer chamber and the other single container, and is spaced apart from the outer chamber and the other single container except for the support. Integrating, producing, storing, transporting, and regasification of a gas hydrate, the fluid entering and exiting the spaced apart space. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein an area ratio of the widest cross section and the widest longitudinal cross section of the container is 3: 1 to 20: 1. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the single vessel is in the form of a square pillar or an elliptic cylinder. The method of claim 1, wherein the single vessel further comprises one or more inner heat transfer fins fixed to the inner surface of the container and one or more outer heat transfer fins fixed to the outer surface of the container, the production, storage, transport of gas hydrate And regasification integrated processing device. The method of claim 1, wherein the single container therein further comprises at least one hot and cold fluid transfer tube in communication with the outside of the vessel and the heat transfer fins disposed around the fluid transfer tube, the generation, storage, transport and regasification of the gas hydrate Integrated processing unit. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the outer chamber is in the form of a square cylinder, a cylinder, or an elliptic cylinder. 7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the outer chamber is open, open, or closed. The method of claim 7, wherein when the outer chamber is closed, the outer chamber has a passage for supplying and discharging cold and hot fluid to the inner space, and a passage for supplying and discharging gas and water to a single vessel contained therein. Apparatus for generating, storing, transporting and regasifying integrated gas-hydride, characterized in that it comprises. The integrated processing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the gas hydrate generation, storage, transportation, and regasification integrated processing device further comprises a vibration generating device for vibrating the integrated processing device to enlarge the contact area of water and gas in manufacturing the gas hydrate. Apparatus for producing, storing, transporting and regasifying integrated gas hydrate, characterized in that it comprises. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein at least two single vessels are included in the outer chamber.

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