KR20110008365A - Viewing angle controllable liquid crystal display using fringe-field switching mode - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A liquid crystal display device capable of controlling viewing angle is provided to adjust viewing angle both vertical and horizontal direction using fringe field switching mode. CONSTITUTION: A common electrode(4) is located on a top of a lower plate as a flat type or a grid format. An insulating layer is located at an upper part of the common electrode. A pixel electrode(5) located on the upper dielectric layer is patterned in grid format. The upper plate is located at the upper part of the liquid crystal layer.

Description

Viewing angle controllable liquid crystal display using fringe-field switching mode}

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display using a fringe field switching mode capable of simultaneously adjusting the viewing angle in the left and right and up and down viewing angle directions excluding the front.

Recently, as the demand for various personal portable displays such as mobile phones, MP3s, PDAs, and digital cameras increases, the frequency of use of the displays increases as well as indoors. The wide viewing angle feature, one of the important advantages of displays, has caused a new problem of personal information exposure due to the use of portable displays in public places. Therefore, wide viewing angle characteristics are required when several people see the screen, and narrow viewing angle characteristics are required for privacy protection when using a personal portable display. Various types of viewing angle adjustments that can satisfy both narrow viewing angle characteristics and wide viewing angle characteristics are required. Possible liquid crystal displays have recently been reported.

As one of the liquid crystal display devices, in view of the characteristics of the conventional viewing angle control liquid crystal display device, in terms of the structure of the liquid crystal cell, a method of adjusting the viewing angle using birefringent anisotropy of the liquid crystal layer itself by stacking additional liquid crystal cells on the liquid crystal cell representing the information; A method of dividing a pixel into two regions is divided into a main pixel portion representing information and an auxiliary pixel portion serving as a viewing angle control.

However, the conventional technology has a disadvantage in that the viewing angle can be adjusted only in the left and right or up and down directions, so that the privacy is not completely satisfied in all directions.

The present invention is to solve the above problems, in the liquid crystal display device using the fringe field switching mode consisting of four unit pixels of R, G, B, W, each pixel electrode of the W unit pixel in two adjacent pixels It is to provide a liquid crystal display device which can adjust the viewing angle at the same time in the left and right viewing angle direction by patterning in the horizontal and vertical directions.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention divides one pixel into four R, G, B, and W unit pixels, and uses the R, G, and B unit pixels as pixels representing information, and the W unit pixel adjusts the viewing angle. Provided is a liquid crystal display device used as a viewing angle adjustment pixel. In this case, in order to implement viewing angle switching in left and right and up and down, the pixel electrodes of the W unit pixels in two adjacent pixels are patterned in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively.

The horizontal component of the fringe electric field of the pixel electrode positioned in the R, G, and B unit pixel areas is formed such that the angle formed with the arrangement direction of the liquid crystal is maintained at 90 ± 40 degrees, and the pixels are located in the W unit pixel areas of two adjacent pixels. The horizontal component of the fringe electric field of the electrode is formed such that the angle formed with the alignment direction of the liquid crystal is 0 ± 5 degrees. The alignment direction of the liquid crystals is arranged up and down as a whole by using the optical alignment method, and the liquid crystals are arranged left and right only in the pixel electrode portions patterned in the vertical direction among the respective W unit pixels in two adjacent pixels. Provided is a liquid crystal display device capable of adjusting a viewing angle by applying a single panel to which a narrow viewing angle mode is applied when a voltage is applied to a W unit pixel, and a wide viewing angle mode is applied when no voltage is applied.

The present invention provides a liquid crystal display device having an adjustable viewing angle, which is advantageous in terms of protecting privacy by enabling viewing angle adjustment in both up, down, left and right viewing angle directions as compared to existing technologies capable of only adjusting the viewing angle in left and right or up and down directions. Can provide.

In addition, since the present invention uses a single panel, a liquid crystal display capable of controlling a viewing angle having a thin thickness, light weight, and reduced manufacturing cost can be manufactured.

The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device in which R, G, B, and W color filters of one pixel are formed in a “田” shape, wherein R, G, and B unit pixels are used as pixels representing information, and two adjacent pixels are used. The W unit pixels in the pixel patterns are arranged in the horizontal and vertical directions, respectively, so that light leakage occurs only in the left and right viewing angle directions without affecting the image quality on the front side, thereby decreasing the contrast ratio. Let's make a point.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Example 1

1 is a plan view illustrating a liquid crystal display device capable of adjusting a viewing angle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the R, G, B, and W unit pixels in one pixel are arranged so that the gate wiring 1 and the data wiring 2 are perpendicular to each other, and the gate wiring (1) is arranged in the R, G, B unit pixels. ) And a switching element 100 is formed at the intersection of the data line 2 and the switching element 200 is formed at the W unit pixel. The common electrode 4 connected to the common electrode signal line 3 arranged in parallel with the gate line 1 has a planar shape, and the R, G, and B unit pixels have a vertical lattice on the common electrode 4. A unit pixel electrode 5 having a shape 8 (hereinafter referred to as a first pixel electrode) is positioned, and a pixel electrode patterned in a horizontal direction on top of the common electrode 4 in a W unit pixel in two adjacent pixels. (9) (hereinafter referred to as a second pixel electrode) and a pixel electrode 10 (hereinafter referred to as a third pixel electrode) vertically patterned are positioned.

The horizontal component of the fringe electric field of the first pixel electrode 5 located in the R, G, B unit pixel region is formed such that the angle formed with the liquid crystal array direction is maintained at 90 ± 40 degrees, and the W unit pixels of two adjacent pixels are formed. The horizontal component of the fringe electric field of the pixel electrode positioned in the region is formed such that the angle between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal is 0 ± 5 degrees. The liquid crystal is arranged in the vertical direction (6, 6 ') by using the optical alignment method, and the liquid crystal is left and right only in the portion of the third pixel electrode 10 patterned in the vertical direction among two adjacent W unit pixels. It is characterized by arranging by (7). Although the ideal direction in the liquid crystal alignment process in the W unit pixel is perpendicular to the lattice direction, the range is limited because the alignment direction of the liquid crystal and the patterned direction of the pixel electrode may occur in the process, but the range is limited. Light leakage may occur.

The width of the pixel electrode can be proposed as a constant value of 1 ~ 10㎛, the distance between the pixel electrodes 2 ~ 20㎛, if necessary, the width of the distance between the pixel electrode and the electrode can be adjusted.

The common electrode 4 positioned below the R, G, and B unit pixels includes a lattice shape 8, and the common electrode 4 positioned on the lower substrate of two W unit pixels in two adjacent pixels is horizontal. It may be a planar shape including an electrode patterned in a longitudinal direction.

2A and 2B are cross-sectional views taken along line A-A 'and B-B' of FIG. 1, showing a liquid crystal array when voltage is applied. The common electrode 4 is disposed on the lower polarizer 51, and an insulator layer 12 is disposed on the common electrode 4, and each unit pixel electrode is disposed on the insulator layer 12. Pattern it. An alignment layer 13 for horizontally arranging liquid crystals exists on each unit pixel electrode, and a respective liquid crystal layer 11 is disposed on the horizontal alignment layer 13, and an upper polarizing plate is formed on the liquid crystal layer 11. (52) exists.

FIG. 2A illustrates a liquid crystal array in a bright state when voltage is applied from a pixel representing information and is included in a unit pixel of R, G, and B. FIG. When a voltage is applied to the first unit pixel electrode 5 positioned in the R, G, and B unit pixels in one pixel, an electric field is generated in a direction perpendicular to the lattice direction 8 of the first unit pixel electrode 5. Therefore, the liquid crystal layer 11 is twisted to generate transmittance.

FIG. 2B illustrates a liquid crystal array when a constant voltage is applied to the second pixel electrode 9 in the W pixel including the second pixel electrode 9 patterned in the horizontal direction. When a constant voltage is applied to the second unit pixel electrode 9 patterned in the horizontal direction from the W unit pixel of one pixel, the liquid crystal of the liquid crystal layer 11 is perpendicular to the lattice direction of the second unit pixel electrode 9. Due to the generated electric field 41, the liquid crystal layer 11 does not generate twist, but generates a tilt angle 42 (an angle formed by the lower substrate with the long axis direction of the liquid crystal director) to cause light leakage in the left and right directions. Done. C-C 'shown in FIG. 1 is a W pixel including a third pixel electrode 10 patterned in a vertical direction, and only the pattern direction of the pixel electrode of FIG. Therefore, in the driving method, light leakage is generated in the up-down direction due to the same process of inducing light leakage.

3 illustrates light leakage in a dark state in a viewing angle direction when various voltages are applied to a W unit pixel. Referring to FIG. 3, when the voltage is applied to the W unit pixel, light is not leaked from the front in the dark state, while light is gradually leaked in the left and right viewing angle directions. When 10 V is applied to the W unit pixel, By showing the most light leakage, it can be seen that the narrow viewing angle mode can be realized without a large loss of contrast in the front.

The constant voltage of the W unit pixel for expressing the narrow viewing angle mode may vary according to the width of the unit pixel electrode of each pixel and the distance between the electrodes. In the electrode structure proposed in the present invention, 10 V is applied to the W unit pixel. The narrow viewing angle mode can be expressed.

4 is a simulation result showing the brightness of the dark state in the wide viewing angle mode and narrow viewing angle mode. 4 (a) is a simulation result showing the brightness of the dark state in the wide viewing angle mode according to the present invention, Figure 4 (b) is a simulation result showing the brightness of the dark state in the narrow viewing angle mode.

The number of light leakage was observed in 70%, 50%, and 30% of the light leakage based on the maximum light leakage in the wide viewing angle mode. In the wide viewing angle mode of FIG. 4 (a), the value of 70% of the maximum light leakage in the wide viewing angle mode is 0.0130984, which is equivalent to the light leakage in the narrow viewing angle mode of FIG. It can be seen that it appears above °. This can be expected that light leakage occurs in the vertical, horizontal, left and right viewing angle directions due to the generation of the tilt angle 18 of the liquid crystal layer 6. The light leakage observed based on the simulation results can be said to be a liquid crystal display device that can perfectly adjust the range of the viewing angle in the front, top, bottom, left and right viewing angle directions.

The light leakage from the front in the dark state of the wide viewing angle mode and the narrow viewing angle mode is 0.000092. The maximum light leakage is 0.018712 and 0.117115, respectively, about 6 times higher than the wide viewing angle mode. It can be seen that the light leakage of.

Example 2

Embodiment 2 of the present invention is different from the above embodiment, and consists of three unit pixels in which one pixel is arranged in a row, and one unit pixel is divided into a main pixel representing information and an auxiliary pixel for adjusting a viewing angle. It is a liquid crystal display device. At this time, the main pixels representing the information are each composed of R, G, and B in a row, and the auxiliary pixels for adjusting the viewing angle are composed of W. In order to adjust the viewing angle in all directions, the pattern direction of the pixel electrodes of the two adjacent auxiliary pixels W regions is differently patterned in the horizontal or vertical direction, respectively.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a unit pixel according to a second embodiment, and two data lines, one gate line, and two switching elements are required for one pixel including a main pixel and an auxiliary pixel. The auxiliary pixels in two adjacent pixels may adjust the narrow viewing angle mode and the wide viewing angle mode by adjusting the tilt angle of the liquid crystal layer through electrodes arranged in the horizontal and vertical directions.

One pixel is arranged such that the gate wiring 1 and the data wiring 2 are perpendicular to each other. In the main pixel representing information, the main pixel switching is performed at the intersection of the gate wiring 1 and the data wiring 2. The element 100 is formed, and in the auxiliary pixel for adjusting the viewing angle, the switching element 200 of the auxiliary pixel is formed at an intersection of the gate line 1 and the data line 2 'of the auxiliary pixel. The common electrode 4 positioned in the main pixel and connected to the common electrode signal line 3 arranged in parallel with the gate line 1 has a planar shape and has a vertical lattice shape on the common electrode 4. A first pixel electrode 5 including 8) is positioned.

The common electrode 4 positioned in the auxiliary pixel and connected to the common electrode signal line 3 ′ for the auxiliary pixel disposed in parallel with the gate line 1 has a planar shape, and is disposed in the horizontal direction on the common electrode 4. The patterned second pixel electrode 9 and the third pixel electrode 10 patterned in the vertical direction are formed.

The horizontal component of the fringe electric field of the first pixel electrode 5 of the main pixel located in the R, G, and B pixel areas is formed such that the angle formed with the arrangement directions 6, 6 'of the liquid crystal is maintained at 90 ± 40 degrees. The horizontal components of the fringe electric fields of the second pixel electrode 9 and the third pixel electrode 10 of the auxiliary pixel in two adjacent pixels are each formed such that an angle between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal is 0 ± 5 degrees. The liquid crystal is arranged in the vertical direction (6, 6 ') by using the optical alignment method, and the liquid crystal is left and right only in the portion of the third pixel electrode 10 patterned in the vertical direction among two adjacent W auxiliary pixels. Arrange as (7).

The width of the pixel electrode can be proposed as a constant value of 1 ~ 10㎛, the distance between the pixel electrodes 2 ~ 20㎛, if necessary, the width of the distance between the pixel electrode and the electrode can be adjusted.

The common electrode 4 located below the R, G, and B main pixels has a grid shape 8, and the common electrode 4 located on the bottom substrate of two W auxiliary pixels in two adjacent pixels is horizontal. It may be a planar shape including an electrode patterned in a longitudinal direction.

Example 3

Unlike Embodiment 3, the third embodiment of the present invention is a structure in which one pixel is divided into R, G, B, and W unit pixels and arranged in a row, where the R, G, and B unit pixels represent information, and the W unit is used. There is provided a liquid crystal display device in which pixels are divided into two halves and arranged in horizontal and vertical directions to be used as pixels for adjusting a viewing angle. (Hereinafter, horizontally and vertically patterned electrodes positioned in the W unit pixel region are referred to as fourth pixel electrodes.) A voltage is applied to the fourth pixel electrodes 14 that are horizontally and vertically patterned positioned in the W unit pixel region. By applying or removing, it is possible to express the narrow viewing angle mode or the wide viewing angle mode by adjusting the light leakage in the dark state in the front, down, left and right viewing angle directions.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 6 is a plan view of a unit pixel according to a third embodiment, in which a data line 2, a gate line 1, and a switching element 100 are required for one unit pixel. One unit pixel is arranged such that the gate line 1 and the data line 2 are perpendicular to each other, and information is represented at an intersection of the gate line 1 and the data line 2 in the R, G, and B unit pixels. The switching element 100 of the pixel is formed, and the switching element 200 of the pixel for adjusting the viewing angle is formed in the W unit pixel. The common electrode 4 located in the R, G, and B unit pixels and connected to the common electrode signal line 3 arranged in parallel with the gate line 1 has a planar shape, and R, G, and B in one pixel. In the unit pixel, the first pixel electrode 5 including the vertical lattice 8 is disposed on the common electrode 4. The fourth pixel electrode 14 patterned in the horizontal and vertical directions is formed on the common electrode 4 in the W unit pixel. The horizontal component of the fringe electric field of the first pixel electrode 5 located in the R, G, B unit pixel region is formed such that the angle formed with the arrangement directions 6, 6 'of the liquid crystal is maintained at 90 ± 40 degrees. The fringe electric field horizontal components of the fourth pixel electrode 14 patterned in the horizontal and vertical directions positioned in the unit pixel region are formed such that an angle between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal forms 0 ± 5 degrees. The alignment direction of the liquid crystal is generally arranged in the vertical direction (6, 6 ') by using the optical alignment method, and is patterned in the vertical direction among the fourth pixel electrodes 14 patterned in the horizontal and vertical directions of the W unit pixels. The liquid crystal is arranged in the left and right directions 7 only in the pixel electrode portion.

The width of the pixel electrode can be proposed as a constant value of 1 ~ 10㎛, the distance between the pixel electrodes 2 ~ 20㎛, if necessary, the width of the distance between the pixel electrode and the electrode can be adjusted.

The common electrode 4 positioned below the R, G, and B unit pixels has a lattice shape, and the common electrode 4 disposed on the lower substrate of the W unit pixel has a direction in which the pixel electrodes of the W unit pixels are patterned. It may have a planar shape including electrodes patterned in the horizontal and vertical directions in the same direction, respectively.

Example 4

According to the fourth embodiment of the present invention, in the liquid crystal display device in which the R, G, B, and W color filters of one pixel are formed in a "? &Quot; shape, the R, G, and B unit pixels are information. In the W unit pixel, an electrode is divided into two halves and arranged in a horizontal and vertical direction, respectively, to provide a liquid crystal display device which is used as a pixel for adjusting a viewing angle. (Hereinafter, horizontally and vertically patterned electrodes positioned in the W unit pixel region are referred to as fourth pixel electrodes.) A voltage is applied to the fourth pixel electrodes 14 that are horizontally and vertically patterned positioned in the W unit pixel region. By applying or removing, it is possible to represent the narrow viewing angle mode or the wide viewing angle mode by adjusting the light leakage in the dark state in the front, outside, up and down, left and right viewing angle direction.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

7 is a plan view of a unit pixel according to Embodiment 4, wherein the R, G, B, and W unit pixels in one pixel are arranged such that the gate line 1 and the data line 2 are perpendicular to each other. The switching element 100 is formed at the intersection of the gate line 1 and the data line 2 in the B unit pixel, and the switching element 200 is formed in the W unit pixel. The common electrode 4 connected to the common electrode signal line 3 arranged in parallel with the gate line 1 has a planar shape, and the R, G, and B unit pixels have a vertical lattice on the common electrode 4. The first pixel electrode 5 including the shape 8 is positioned, and the upper and lower lattice directions of the common electrode 4 positioned in the W unit pixel region are patterned to be perpendicular to each other. The fourth pixel electrode 14 is positioned.

The horizontal component of the fringe electric field of the first pixel electrode 5 located in the R, G, B unit pixel region is formed such that the angle formed with the liquid crystal array direction is maintained at 90 ± 40 degrees, and the W unit pixels of two adjacent pixels are formed. The horizontal component of the fringe electric field of the pixel electrode positioned in the region is formed such that the angle between the alignment direction of the liquid crystal is 0 ± 5 degrees. The alignment direction of the liquid crystal is generally arranged in the vertical direction (6, 6 ') by using the optical alignment method, and is patterned in the vertical direction among the fourth pixel electrodes 14 patterned in the horizontal and vertical directions of the W unit pixels. The liquid crystal is arranged in the left and right directions 7 only in the pixel electrode portion. Although the ideal direction in the liquid crystal alignment process in the W unit pixel is perpendicular to the lattice direction, the range is limited because the alignment direction of the liquid crystal and the patterned direction of the pixel electrode may occur in the process, but the range is limited. Light leakage may occur.

The width of the pixel electrode can be proposed as a constant value of 1 ~ 10㎛, the distance between the pixel electrodes 2 ~ 20㎛, if necessary, the width of the distance between the pixel electrode and the electrode can be adjusted.

The common electrode 4 positioned below the R, G, and B unit pixels has a lattice shape, and the common electrode 4 disposed on the lower substrate of the W unit pixel has a direction in which the pixel electrodes of the W unit pixels are patterned. It may have a planar shape including electrodes patterned in the horizontal and vertical directions in the same direction, respectively.

In each of the above embodiments, a voltage applying method to the W pixel region will be described with reference to FIG. 8.

8 illustrates a method of applying a voltage to an electrode positioned in a W pixel region for adjusting a viewing angle. 8A illustrates a conventional method of applying a DC voltage to the common electrode 4 and an AC voltage to the pixel electrode. FIG. 8B illustrates an AC voltage applied to both the common electrode 4 and the pixel electrode to adjust a viewing angle. The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device capable of adjusting the viewing angle in the left, right, up, and down viewing angle directions by generating a voltage difference in a pixel and using the driving voltage to be halved than a conventional method.

Although the above has been described as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment and those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the invention claimed in the claims Anyone can make a variety of variations.

1 is a plan view illustrating a liquid crystal display device capable of adjusting a viewing angle using a fringe field switching mode according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal line A-A 'when voltage is applied to the pixel electrode of FIG. 1; FIG.

FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of the liquid crystal of line B-B 'when voltage is applied to the electrostatic electrode of FIG. 1; FIG.

3 is a computer simulation result showing the degree of light leakage in the left and right viewing angle directions as voltage is applied to the pixel electrode of the W unit pixel of FIG. 1.

4 is a computer simulation result showing the characteristics of the brightness in the dark state in the wide viewing angle mode and narrow viewing angle mode in the electrode structure of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a plan view illustrating a liquid crystal display device capable of adjusting a viewing angle using a fringe field switching mode according to a second embodiment of the present invention; FIG.

6 is a plan view illustrating a liquid crystal display device capable of adjusting a viewing angle using a fringe field switching mode according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

7 is a plan view illustrating a liquid crystal display device capable of adjusting a viewing angle using a fringe field switching mode according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

8A is an operating voltage waveform of a W pixel for explaining a conventional method of applying a voltage to a W pixel electrode for adjusting a viewing angle.

8B is an operating voltage waveform of a W pixel for explaining a new method of applying a voltage to the W pixel electrode for adjusting the viewing angle.

Claims (11)

In the fringe field switching mode having four unit pixels in which the R, G, B, and W color filters of one pixel are formed in a “田” shape, A lower substrate; A common electrode disposed on the lower substrate in a planar shape or a lattice shape; An insulating layer on the common electrode; A pixel electrode patterned in a lattice shape on the insulating layer; The horizontal component of the fringe electric field of the pixel electrode positioned in the R, G, and B unit pixel areas among the pixel electrodes has an angle of 90 ± 40 degrees with the liquid crystal array direction, and the fringe electric field of the pixel electrode located in the W unit pixel area. The horizontal component is an angle formed with the liquid crystal array direction being patterned at 0 ± 5 degrees; A horizontally oriented liquid crystal layer positioned on the pixel electrode; An upper substrate positioned above the liquid crystal layer; A liquid crystal display using a fringe field switching mode driven by one switching element formed at an intersection of one gate wiring and one data wiring for each unit pixel. The method of claim 1, And a lattice direction of pixel electrodes of two W unit pixel areas in two adjacent pixels is patterned in a direction perpendicular to each other. The method according to claim 1 or 2, A liquid crystal display device using a fringe field switching mode, wherein the liquid crystal array directions of two W unit pixels in two adjacent pixels are arranged in a direction perpendicular to each other. In the fringe field switching mode, which consists of three unit pixels arranged in a row, each unit pixel is divided into a main pixel representing information and an auxiliary tone adjusting the viewing angle. A lower substrate; A common electrode disposed on the lower substrate in a planar shape or a lattice shape; An insulating layer on the common electrode; A pixel electrode patterned in a lattice shape on the insulating layer; The horizontal component of the fringe electric field of the pixel electrode positioned in the main pixel region expressing information among the pixel electrodes has an angle of 90 ± 40 degrees with the liquid crystal array direction, and the fringe of the pixel electrode positioned in the auxiliary pixel region adjusting the viewing angle. The horizontal component of the electric field is that the angle formed with the liquid crystal array direction is patterned at 0 ± 5 degrees; A horizontally oriented liquid crystal layer positioned on the pixel electrode; An upper substrate positioned above the liquid crystal layer; Forming two gate lines and one data line for each unit pixel; And a fringe field switching mode driven by two switching elements respectively formed at intersections of the two gate lines and one data line. The method of claim 3, wherein A liquid crystal display using a fringe field switching mode, characterized in that the lattice directions of pixel electrodes of the auxiliary pixels for adjusting two viewing angles in two adjacent unit pixels are patterned in a direction perpendicular to each other. The method according to claim 4 or 5, A liquid crystal display using a fringe field switching mode, wherein the liquid crystal array direction of the auxiliary pixels for adjusting two viewing angles in two adjacent unit pixels is arranged in a direction perpendicular to each other. In the fringe field switching mode having four unit pixels including R, G, B, and W color filters arranged in a line, A lower substrate; A common electrode disposed on the lower substrate in a planar shape or a lattice shape; An insulating layer on the common electrode; A pixel electrode patterned in a lattice shape on the insulating layer; The horizontal component of the fringe electric field of the pixel electrode positioned in the R, G, and B unit pixel areas among the pixel electrodes has an angle of 90 ± 40 degrees with the liquid crystal array direction, and the lattice direction of the pixel electrode located in the W unit pixel area is The grid direction is vertically perpendicular to each other with respect to the left and right directions, and the horizontal component of each fringe electric field is patterned at an angle of 0 ± 5 degrees with the liquid crystal array direction; A horizontally oriented liquid crystal layer positioned on the pixel electrode; An upper substrate positioned above the liquid crystal layer; A liquid crystal display using a fringe field switching mode driven by one switching element formed at an intersection of one gate wiring and one data wiring for each unit pixel. In the fringe field switching mode having four unit pixels in which the R, G, B, and W color filters of one pixel are formed in a “田” shape, A lower substrate; A common electrode disposed on the lower substrate in a planar shape or a lattice shape; An insulating layer on the common electrode; A pixel electrode patterned in a lattice shape on the insulating layer; The horizontal component of the fringe electric field of the pixel electrode positioned in the R, G, and B unit pixel areas among the pixel electrodes has an angle of 90 ± 40 degrees with the liquid crystal array direction, and the lattice direction of the pixel electrode located in the W unit pixel area is The grid direction is vertically perpendicular to each other with respect to the left and right directions, and the horizontal component of each fringe electric field is patterned at an angle of 0 ± 5 degrees with the liquid crystal array direction; A horizontally oriented liquid crystal layer positioned on the pixel electrode; An upper substrate positioned above the liquid crystal layer; A liquid crystal display using a fringe field switching mode driven by one switching element formed at an intersection of one gate wiring and one data wiring for each unit pixel. The method according to claim 7 or 8, And a liquid crystal array direction in two regions in which the lattice directions of the pixel electrodes are patterned to be perpendicular to each other in the W unit pixel, in a direction perpendicular to each other. The method according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, The width of the pixel electrode has a value of 1 ~ 10㎛ and the distance between the electrodes has a value of 2 ~ 20㎛ The viewing angle control liquid crystal display device using a fringe field switching mode. The method according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 7, 8, 9, and 10,   In the method of applying a voltage to the pixel electrode positioned in the W pixel region, an AC voltage is applied to both the common electrode and the pixel electrode to generate a voltage difference at the W pixel controlling the viewing angle, thereby halving the driving voltage by half. A viewing angle control liquid crystal display using a fringe field switching mode characterized in that the reduction.

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