KR20100126981A - Etchant composition of nickle-based superalloy and method of etching the alloy - Google Patents

Etchant composition of nickle-based superalloy and method of etching the alloy Download PDF

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KR20100126981A
KR20100126981A KR1020090045440A KR20090045440A KR20100126981A KR 20100126981 A KR20100126981 A KR 20100126981A KR 1020090045440 A KR1020090045440 A KR 1020090045440A KR 20090045440 A KR20090045440 A KR 20090045440A KR 20100126981 A KR20100126981 A KR 20100126981A
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weight
etching
acid
solution composition
composition
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KR101122698B1 (en
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염종택
김정한
홍재근
박노광
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한국기계연구원
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23FNON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F1/00Etching metallic material by chemical means
    • C23F1/10Etching compositions
    • C23F1/14Aqueous compositions
    • C23F1/16Acidic compositions
    • C23F1/26Acidic compositions for etching refractory metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K13/00Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions
    • C09K13/04Etching, surface-brightening or pickling compositions containing an inorganic acid

Abstract

PURPOSE: An etchant composition of nickel-based super alloy, which performs two steps of etching, and an etching method for the alloy, is provided to accurately measure the grain size of a metal material. CONSTITUTION: An etchant composition of nickel-based super alloy comprises acid solution composition and surfactant. The acid solution comprises strong acid 55~65 weight% composed of hydrochloric acid, nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid. Surfactant is included 1~2 weight% about the total weight of surfactant and acid solution composition. The acid solution composition is composed of hydrochloric acid 45~55 weight%, nitric acid 8~12 weight% and hydrofluoric acid 1~3 weight%.

Description

니켈기지 초내열합금의 에칭액 조성물 및 그 초합금의 에칭방법{Etchant composition of nickle-based superalloy and method of etching the alloy}Etching composition of nickel-based super heat-resistant alloy and etching method of the superalloy {Etchant composition of nickle-based superalloy and method of etching the alloy}

본 발명은 니켈기지 초내열합금(nickle-based superalloy)을 위한 에칭액 조성물 및 그 초내열합금의 에칭방법에 관한 것으로, 특히 내식성이 강한 단련용(wrout) 니켈 기지의 결정립계를 명확하고 뚜렷하게 관찰하기 위한 에칭액 조성물 및 상기 초내열합금에 대한 에칭방법에 관한 것이다. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an etching solution composition for nickel-based superalloy and a method for etching the superalloy, particularly for clearly and clearly observing the grain boundaries of a wrout nickel base having high corrosion resistance. An etching solution composition and an etching method for the super heat resistant alloy.

니켈기지 초내열합금은 전형적으로 1260~1371℃를 초과하는 높은 융점을 갖는다. 니켈기지 초합금은 높은 강도-중량 비율, 내식성 및 비교적 높은 온도, 예컨대 약 1093℃ 이상의 온도의 환경에 사용된다. 예를 들어, 가스터빈 엔진에서, 이들의 초합금은 전형적으로 터빈 부분에 사용되며, 때때로 블레이드 및 베인 과 같은 날개뿐만 아니라 중간부 및 콤프레셔 케이스, 콤프레셔 디스크, 터빈 케이스 및 터빈 디스크와 같은 정지된 구조를 포함한 엔진의 콤프레셔 부분의 끝단에 사용된다.Nickel-based superheat resistant alloys typically have a high melting point in excess of 1260 ~ 1371 ° C. Nickel-based superalloys are used in environments with high strength-to-weight ratios, corrosion resistance and relatively high temperatures, such as about 1093 ° C. or higher. For example, in gas turbine engines, their superalloys are typically used in turbine sections, sometimes with blades and vanes such as blades, as well as suspended structures such as intermediate and compressor cases, compressor disks, turbine cases, and turbine disks. Used at the end of the compressor section of the engine included.

한편, 니켈기지 초내열합금의 미세 조직을 광학현미경으로 살펴보기 위하여 종래에는 예를 들어 칼링(kalling) Ⅱ 용액, 변형된 칼링 용액, 마블(Marble) 용액 등의 에칭액을 활용하여 화학에칭을 시도하거나 또는 크롬산 전해에칭 용액을 이용하여 합금조성에 따라 3~7V의 전압에서 약 30초~10분의 범위에서 전해에칭을 수행하였다.On the other hand, in order to examine the microstructure of the nickel-based super heat-resistant alloy with an optical microscope, for example, by using an etching solution such as a Carling II solution, a modified Carling solution, a Marble solution, or the like, Alternatively, electrolytic etching was performed using a chromic acid electrolytic etching solution in a range of about 30 seconds to 10 minutes at a voltage of 3 to 7V depending on the alloy composition.

그런데, 화학에칭방법은 탄화물 및 다른 석출상들의 형태 등은 광학현미경으로 관찰되나, 결정립계를 선명하게 관찰하기 어려우며, 특히 에칭시간이 1분 이상으로 길게 요구되는 문제점이 있다. 전해에칭방법은 결정립계뿐만 아니라 탄화물, 석출상, 쌍정 등도 관찰되기 때문에, 예컨대 δ상(Ni3Nb)이나 σ상과 같이 바늘모양의 석출상이나 쌍정이 광학현미경에 의해 결정립계와 구분되기 어려운 경우가 종종 있다. 이에 따라, 종래의 화학에칭방법이나 전해에칭방법은 결정립계를 관찰하여 이를 측정하는 데 많은 오차를 야기하게 된다. By the way, in the chemical etching method, carbides and other precipitated phases are observed under an optical microscope, but it is difficult to clearly observe grain boundaries, and in particular, etching time is required to be longer than 1 minute. In the electrolytic etching method, not only grain boundaries but also carbides, precipitated phases, twins, etc. are observed, and thus, needle-like precipitated phases or twins, such as δ phase (Ni 3 Nb) or σ phase, are often difficult to distinguish from grain boundaries by optical microscopy. have. Accordingly, the conventional chemical etching method or the electrolytic etching method causes a lot of errors in observing the grain boundary and measuring it.

따라서 본 발명이 이루고자 하는 기술적 과제는 니켈기지 초내열합금의 결정립계를 선명하고 명확하게 관찰할 수 있도록 화학에칭용 에칭액 조성물을 제공하는 데 있다. 또한 본 발명이 이루고자 하는 다른 기술적 과제는 상기 에칭액을 이용하여 니켈기지 초내열합금의 결정립계를 선명하고 명확하게 관찰할 수 있는 에칭방법을 제공하는 데 있다. Therefore, the technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to provide an etching solution composition for chemical etching so that the grain boundary of the nickel-based super heat-resistant alloy can be clearly and clearly observed. In addition, another technical problem to be achieved by the present invention is to provide an etching method capable of clearly and clearly observing the grain boundaries of nickel-based super heat-resistant alloy using the etching solution.

상기 기술적 과제를 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 화학에칭용 에칭액 조성물은 니켈기지 초내열합금의 조직상태를 관찰하기 위하여 화학에칭을 위한 에칭액 조성물에 있어서, 전체 조성물의 총 중량에 대하여 염산(HCl), 질산(HNO3), 불산(HF)으로 이루어진 강산 55~65중량% 및 전체 조성물 총 중량이 100중량%가 되도록 물이 혼합된 산성용액 조성물 및 상기 산성용액 조성물과 계면활성제의 전체 중량에 대하여 1~2중량%의 계면활성제를 포함한다.The etching solution composition for chemical etching of the present invention for achieving the above technical problem, in the etching solution composition for chemical etching in order to observe the state of the structure of the nickel-based super heat-resistant alloy, hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid with respect to the total weight of the total composition (HNO 3 ), 55 to 65% by weight of a strong acid consisting of hydrofluoric acid (HF) and 1 to the total weight of the acidic solution composition and the acidic solution composition and surfactant mixed with water so that the total weight of the total composition is 100% by weight. 2% by weight of surfactant.

본 발명의 에칭액에 있어서, 상기 산성용액 조성물은 염산이 45~55중량%, 질산이 8~12중량%, 불산이 1~3중량%로 이루어질 수 있고, 특히 상기 산성용액 조성물은 염산 50중량%, 질산 10중량%, 불산 2중량% 및 물 38중량%로 이루어지는 것이 바람직하다. 또한 상기 계면활성제는 과산화수소일 수 있다.In the etching solution of the present invention, the acid solution composition may be made of 45 to 55% by weight of hydrochloric acid, 8 to 12% by weight of nitric acid, 1 to 3% by weight of hydrofluoric acid, in particular the acidic solution composition is 50% by weight of hydrochloric acid , 10 wt% nitric acid, 2 wt% hydrofluoric acid, and 38 wt% water. In addition, the surfactant may be hydrogen peroxide.

상기 다른 기술적 과제를 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 에칭방법은 니켈기지 초내열합금의 조직상태를 관찰하기 위하여 상기 합금의 표면을 전해에칭 후 화학에칭하는 2단계 에칭에 있어서, 상기 화학에칭을 위한 에칭액 조성물은 전체 조성물의 총 중량에 대하여 염산(HCl), 질산(HNO3), 불산(HF)으로 이루어진 강산 55~65중량% 및 전체 조성물 총 중량이 100중량%가 되도록 물을 섞어 산성용액 조성물 및 상기 산성용액 조성물과 계면활성제의 전체 중량에 대하여 1~2중량%의 계면활성제를 포함한다.Etching method of the present invention for achieving the above another technical problem in the two-step etching of etching the surface of the alloy after the electrochemical etching in order to observe the state of the structure of the nickel-based super heat-resistant alloy, the etching solution composition for the chemical etching The acidic solution composition and the above by mixing water so that 55 to 65% by weight of the strong acid consisting of hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO 3 ), hydrofluoric acid (HF) and the total weight of the total composition is 100% by weight based on the total weight of the total composition. It contains 1 to 2% by weight of the surfactant based on the total weight of the acidic solution composition and the surfactant.

본 발명에 의한 니켈기지 초내열합금의 에칭액 조성물 및 그 합금의 에칭방법에 의하면, 본 발명이 제시하는 화학에칭액 조성물로 전해에칭 후 화학에칭의 2 단계 에칭을 수행함으로써, 내식성이 뛰어난 단련용 초내열합금의 결정립계를 광학현미경에 선명하고 명확하게 관찰할 수 있으므로 결정립크기를 정확하게 측정할 수 있다. According to the etching solution composition of the nickel-based super heat-resistant alloy according to the present invention and the etching method of the alloy thereof, by performing a two-step etching of the chemical etching after electrolytic etching with the chemical etching solution composition according to the present invention, it is excellent for corrosion resistance Since the grain boundary of the alloy can be clearly and clearly observed in an optical microscope, the grain size can be accurately measured.

이하 첨부된 도면을 참조하면서 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 상세히 설명한다. 다음에서 설명되는 실시예는 여러 가지 다른 형태로 변형될 수 있으며, 본 발명의 범위가 아래에서 상술되는 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니다. 본 발명의 실시예들은 당 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에게 본 발명을 보다 완전하게 설명하기 위하여 제공되는 것이다. Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below may be modified in various other forms, and the scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. Embodiments of the present invention are provided to more fully explain the present invention to those skilled in the art.

본 발명의 실시예는 니켈기지 초내열합금의 대표적인 합금인 합금 718을 압축시험에 의한 변형 전(원소재)과 변형 후(변형 소재)를 사례로 들어 그 표면을 에칭하는 에칭액 조성물 및 이를 이용한 에칭방법을 제시할 것이다. 여기서, 본 발명의 실시예에 의한 에칭방법은 전해에칭 후에 본 발명의 에칭액 조성물에 의해 화학에칭하는 2단계의 에칭방법을 말하는 것이다. 종래의 방법은 화학에칭 또는 전해에칭을 개별적으로 수행하는 것을 지칭하는 것이다. An embodiment of the present invention is an etching solution composition for etching the surface of the alloy 718, a typical alloy of nickel-based super heat-resistant alloy, before and after deformation (raw material) and deformation (deformation material) by compression test, and etching using the same Will show you how. Here, the etching method according to the embodiment of the present invention refers to a two-step etching method of chemically etching with the etching solution composition of the present invention after electrolytic etching. The conventional method refers to performing chemical etching or electrolytic etching separately.

본 발명에 의한 상기 에칭액 조성물은 전체 조성물의 총 중량에 대하여 염산(HCl), 질산(HNO3), 불산(HF)으로 이루어진 강산 55~65중량%를 및 전체 조성물 총 중량이 100중량%가 되도록 물을 섞어 산성용액 조성물을 제조한 후, 산성용액 조성물과 계면활성제의 전체 중량에 대하여 1~2중량%의 계면활성제, 예컨대 과산화수 소(H2O2)를 부가하여 제조한다. 이때, 산성용액 조성물은 염산(HCl)이 45~55중량%, 질산(HNO3)이 8~12중량%, 불산(HF)이 1~3중량%가 바람직하다. The etching solution composition according to the present invention is 55 to 65% by weight of a strong acid consisting of hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO 3 ), hydrofluoric acid (HF) and 100% by weight of the total composition of the total composition. After mixing water to prepare an acidic solution composition, 1 to 2% by weight of a surfactant such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) is added to the total weight of the acidic solution composition and the surfactant. At this time, the acid solution composition is preferably 45 to 55% by weight of hydrochloric acid (HCl), 8 to 12% by weight of nitric acid (HNO 3 ), 1 to 3% by weight of hydrofluoric acid (HF).

이어서, 실험예를 통하여 본 발명의 에칭액 조성물을 이용한 에칭방법을 종래의 경우와 비교하여 설명하기로 한다. Next, the etching method using the etching liquid composition of this invention is demonstrated through an experimental example compared with the conventional case.

<실험예: 전해에칭 후 화학에칭>Experimental Example: Chemical Etching after Electrolytic Etching

본 발명의 실험예에 의하면, 먼저 압축시험 전의 원소재인 합금 718과 압축시험 후의 변형 소재인 합금 718을 결정립계를 관찰하기 위한 시편으로 준비한다. 일반적으로, 압축시험은 프레스, 가열장치, 데이터 수집기 등이 구비된 열간가공성 시험장치를 이용하여 지름 8mm, 길이 12mm인 원통형 시편을 활용하여 수행하며, 이 시험편은 상·하부 금형사이에 위치시킨 후 10-2 torr이상의 진공분위기 하에서 목표로 하는 시험온도조건으로 가열하고, 시험편 전체가 모두 균일하게 가열되도록 5분정도 유지한다. 그 후 일정한 변형속도로 목표로 하는 변형량까지 압축을 수행한 후 그 당시의 조직을 관찰하기 위해 시험이 끝나자 마자 질소가스를 활용하여 시험편을 급냉하는 방법으로 수행된다. According to the experimental example of the present invention, first, alloy 718 which is an element material before the compression test and alloy 718 which is a deformation material after the compression test are prepared as specimens for observing the grain boundaries. In general, the compression test is performed by using a cylindrical specimen having a diameter of 8 mm and a length of 12 mm using a hot workability test apparatus equipped with a press, a heating device, and a data collector. The test piece is placed between upper and lower molds. Heat to the target test temperature conditions in a vacuum atmosphere of at least 10 -2 torr and hold for 5 minutes to ensure that the entire specimen is heated evenly. Thereafter, compression is carried out to a target deformation rate at a constant strain rate, and then quenched using nitrogen gas as soon as the test is completed to observe the tissue at that time.

이어서, 각 시편들을 #200, #600, #800, #1200, #1500, 3㎛ 및 1㎛의 순서대로 연마한 후에 각각을 초음파 세척기로 10분 이상 세척한다. 한편으로는, 삼산화크롬(CrO3) 2.2중량%, 물 97.8중량%로 이루어진 전해에칭용액을 준비한다. 그리고 염산 50중량%, 질산 10중량%, 불산 2중량% 및 물 38중량%로 이루어진 산성용액 조성물을 제조한 후, 산성용액 조성물과 계면활성제로 이루어진 전체 용액에 대하여 계면활성제의 역할을 하는 과산화수소를 1.5중량%를 첨가하여 화학에칭 용액을 준비한다. Subsequently, the specimens were polished in the order of # 200, # 600, # 800, # 1200, # 1500, 3 μm, and 1 μm, and then each was washed with an ultrasonic cleaner for at least 10 minutes. On the other hand, an electrolytic etching solution consisting of 2.2 wt% chromium trioxide (CrO 3 ) and 97.8 wt% water is prepared. After preparing an acid solution composition consisting of 50% by weight of hydrochloric acid, 10% by weight of nitric acid, 2% by weight of hydrofluoric acid, and 38% by weight of water, hydrogen peroxide, which serves as a surfactant, is added to the total solution of the acid solution composition and the surfactant. 1.5 wt% is added to prepare a chemical etching solution.

시편과 에칭 용액이 제조되면, 먼저 전해에칭을 수행한다. 전해에칭은 도 1에 도시된 바와 같이, 앞에서 준비된 전해에칭 용액(30)을 강(steel)과 같은 재질의 용기(20)에 부은 뒤, 전원공급기(power supply; 10)의 (-)전류는 용기(20)에 연결하고 (+)전류는 시편(40)과 접촉할 수 있도록 핀셋(50)에 연결시킨다. 이때, 시편(40)이 금속 자체일 경우에는 용기(20)에 시편(40)이 닿지 않도록 부도체인 플라스틱 등으로 보호해야 하지만, 마운팅(42)되어 있는 시편(40)은 도시된 바와 같이 플라스틱 등의 보호가 없이 사용할 수 있다.Once the specimen and etching solution are prepared, electrolytic etching is performed first. As shown in FIG. 1, after the previously prepared electrolytic etching solution 30 is poured into a vessel 20 made of steel, the negative current of the power supply 10 is A positive current is connected to the tweezers 50 so as to be in contact with the specimen 40. In this case, when the specimen 40 is a metal itself, the specimen 40 should be protected with a non-conductive plastic such that the specimen 40 does not come into contact with the container 20, but the specimen 40 with the mounting 42 is made of plastic or the like as shown. Can be used without protection.

통상의 전해에칭의 전압은 합금의 종류에 따라 3~7V이며, 시편(40)의 가장자리에 핀셋(50)이 닿는 시점부터 30초~5분간 유지한다. 본 실험예의 경우, 7V의 전압에서 4~5분 동안 유지하였다. 위와 같은 조건에서 전해에칭을 하면, 시편(40)의 표면이 까맣게 변해가는 것을 관찰할 수 있다. 시편(40)의 표면이 까맣게 변하면, 전해에칭을 종료하고 시편(40)을 수냉한 후에 건조시킨다.Normal electrolytic etching voltage is 3 ~ 7V depending on the type of alloy, and is maintained for 30 seconds to 5 minutes from the time when the tweezers 50 to the edge of the specimen 40. In this experimental example, it was maintained for 4-5 minutes at a voltage of 7V. When electroetching is performed under the above conditions, the surface of the specimen 40 can be observed to turn black. If the surface of the specimen 40 turns black, the electrolytic etching is terminated and the specimen 40 is water cooled and dried.

전해에칭이 완료되면, 화학에칭을 수행한다. 화학에칭은 앞에서 준비된 화학에칭 용액(60)을 담은 용기(70)에 시편(40)을 담가 흔들어주면 까맣게 변한 표면이 점점 깨끗하게 변한다. 까맣게 변한 부분이 거의 없어지면 시편(40)을 꺼내어 광학현미경을 이용하여 조직, 특히 결정립계를 관찰하였다.When electrolytic etching is completed, chemical etching is performed. In chemical etching, when the specimen 40 is immersed in a container 70 containing the chemical etching solution 60 prepared above, the blackened surface is gradually changed to be clean. When the black part is almost disappeared, the specimen 40 was taken out, and the tissue, especially the grain boundary, was observed using an optical microscope.

도 3은 본 발명에 실험예에 의한 니켈기지 초내열합금인 합금 718의 압축시험 전의 원소재가 전해에칭 후 화학에칭의 2단계 에칭을 거친 다음의 조직상태를 나타낸 광학현미경 사진이고, 도 4는 상기 합금 718의 압축시험 후의 변형 소재가 전해에칭 후 화학에칭의 2단계 에칭을 거친 다음의 조직상태를 나타낸 광학현미경 사진이다. FIG. 3 is an optical micrograph showing the state of the structure after the raw material before the compression test of the alloy 718 which is a nickel-based super heat-resistant alloy according to the present invention after a two-step etching of chemical etching after electrolytic etching, FIG. The modified material after the compression test of the alloy 718 is an optical micrograph showing the state of the structure after the two-step etching of chemical etching after electrolytic etching.

도 3 및 도 4를 참조하면, 전해에칭을 거친 후 본 발명의 조성물로 화학에칭의 2단계 에칭을 하면, 결정립 및 결정립계의 형태가 명확하게 나타나는 것을 알 수 있었다. 이에 따라, 니켈기지 초내열합금의 결정립의 크기를 명확하게 측정할 수 있었다. 다시 말해, 원소재(도 3)와 변형 소재(도 4)의 경우에 결정립계가 선명하게 드러나므로, 측정된 스케일(40㎛)을 참작하여, 원소재와 변형 소재의 결정립의 크기를 정확하게 알 수 있었다. Referring to FIGS. 3 and 4, when the two-step etching of the chemical etching with the composition of the present invention after the electrolytic etching, it can be seen that the crystal grains and the shape of the grain boundaries are clearly shown. As a result, it was possible to clearly measure the size of the crystal grains of the nickel base super heat resistant alloy. In other words, in the case of the raw material (FIG. 3) and the deformable material (FIG. 4), the grain boundaries are clearly revealed, so that the size of the grains of the raw material and the modifying material can be accurately known by taking into account the measured scale (40 μm). there was.

<비교실험예 1: 화학에칭 단독>Comparative Experimental Example 1: Chemical Etching Only

도 5는 종래의 변형된 칼링 용액에 의해 합금 718의 압축시험 전의 원소재에 대하여 화학에칭만을 수행한 후의 조직상태를 나타낸 광학현미경 사진이고, 도 6은 종래의 변형된 칼링 용액에 의해 합금 718의 압축시험 후의 변형 소재에 대하여 화학에칭만을 수행한 후의 조직상태를 나타낸 광학현미경 사진이다. 이때, 변형된 칼링 용액은 6g CuCl2, 100㎖ 염산, 100㎖ 에탄올 및 100㎖ 물을 혼합한 용액이다. 5 is an optical micrograph showing the state of the structure after performing only the chemical etching on the raw material before the compression test of the alloy 718 by the conventional modified caling solution, Figure 6 is a conventional microscope of the alloy 718 by the modified caling solution An optical micrograph showing the state of the tissue after only chemical etching was performed on the modified material after the compression test. At this time, the modified caling solution is a mixture of 6g CuCl 2 , 100ml hydrochloric acid, 100ml ethanol and 100ml water.

도시된 바와 같이, 변형된 칼링용액으로 에칭을 한 초내열합금의 조직은 원소재나 변형 소재 모두 결정립계를 거의 관찰할 수 없었다. 이는 화학에칭 단독으로는 초내열합금의 결정립계를 명확하게 측정하는 것이 불가능하다는 것을 의미한다. As shown, the structure of the super heat resistant alloy etched with the deformed knife solution could hardly observe grain boundaries of both the raw material and the deformable material. This means that chemical etching alone is impossible to clearly measure the grain boundaries of the superheat resistant alloy.

<비교실험예 2: 전해에칭 단독>Comparative Example 2: Electrolytic Etching Alone

도 7은 종래의 전해에칭 용액에 의해 합금 718의 압축시험 전의 원소재에 대하여 전해에칭만을 수행한 후의 조직상태를 나타낸 광학현미경 사진이고, 도 8은 종래의 전해에칭 용액에 의해 합금 718의 압축시험 후의 변형 소재에 대하여 전해에칭만을 수행한 후의 조직상태를 나타낸 광학현미경 사진이다. 이때, 전해에칭은 5g CrO3과 100㎖의 물을 혼합한 전해에칭에 시편을 담그고, 7V의 전압에서 4~5분 동안 수행하였다. 7 is an optical micrograph showing the state of the structure after performing electrolytic etching only on the raw material before the compression test of the alloy 718 by the conventional electrolytic etching solution, Figure 8 is a compression test of the alloy 718 by the conventional electrolytic etching solution It is an optical microscope photograph showing the state of the structure after performing only electrolytic etching on the modified material. At this time, the electrolytic etching was immersed in the electrolytic etching mixture of 5g CrO 3 and 100mL of water, it was performed for 4-5 minutes at a voltage of 7V.

도시된 바와 같이, 전해에칭을 수행한 초내열합금의 조직은 원소재나 변형 소재 모두 에칭된 시편의 표면이 불투명하였다. 이에 따라, 결정립계가 나타나기는 하나, 에칭된 시편의 표면이 불량하고 쌍정 등이 혼재되어 결정립계를 명확하게 구분하기 어려웠다. 이는 전해에칭 단독으로는 초내열합금의 결정립계를 명확하게 측정하는 것이 불가능하다는 것을 의미한다. As shown in the drawing, the surface of the specimen of which the superheat alloy was subjected to electroetching was etched with both the raw material and the deformable material. As a result, although grain boundaries appear, the surface of the etched specimens are poor and twins and the like are mixed, making it difficult to clearly distinguish the grain boundaries. This means that electrolytic etching alone is impossible to clearly measure the grain boundaries of the superheat resistant alloy.

이상, 본 발명은 바람직한 실시예를 들어 상세하게 설명하였으나, 본 발명은 상기 실시예에 한정되지 않으며, 본 발명의 기술적 사상의 범위 내에서 당 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자에 의하여 여러 가지 변형이 가능하다. While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments, but many variations and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is possible.

도 1은 본 발명에 적용된 전해에칭을 개념적으로 설명하기 위한 도면이다.1 is a view for conceptually explaining the electrolytic etching applied to the present invention.

도 2는 본 발명에 적용된 화학에칭을 개념적으로 설명하기 위한 도면이다.2 is a view for conceptually explaining the chemical etching applied to the present invention.

도 3은 본 발명에 의한 합금 718의 압축시험 전의 원소재가 전해에칭 후 화학에칭의 2단계 에칭을 거친 다음의 조직상태를 나타낸 광학현미경 사진이다.3 is an optical micrograph showing the state of the structure after the raw material before the compression test of the alloy 718 according to the present invention after the two-step etching of the chemical etching after electrolytic etching.

도 4는 본 발명에 의한 합금 718의 압축시험 후의 변형 소재가 전해에칭 후 화학에칭의 2단계 에칭을 거친 다음의 조직상태를 나타낸 광학현미경 사진이다. 4 is an optical micrograph showing the state of the structure after the modified material after the compression test of the alloy 718 according to the present invention after the two-step etching of the chemical etching after electrolytic etching.

도 5는 종래의 변형된 칼링 용액에 의해 합금 718의 압축시험 전의 원소재에 대하여 화학에칭만을 수행한 후의 조직상태를 나타낸 광학현미경 사진이다.5 is an optical micrograph showing the state of the tissue after performing only chemical etching on the raw material before the compression test of the alloy 718 by the conventional modified caling solution.

도 6은 종래의 변형된 칼링 용액에 의해 합금 718의 압축시험 후의 변형 소재에 대하여 화학에칭만을 수행한 후의 조직상태를 나타낸 광학현미경 사진이다.Figure 6 is an optical micrograph showing the state of the tissue after performing only the chemical etching on the modified material after the compression test of the alloy 718 by the conventional modified caling solution.

도 7은 종래의 전해에칭 용액에 의해 합금 718의 압축시험 전의 원소재에 대하여 전해에칭만을 수행한 후의 조직상태를 나타낸 광학현미경 사진이다.7 is an optical micrograph showing the state of the structure after performing only electrolytic etching on the raw material before the compression test of the alloy 718 by the conventional electrolytic etching solution.

도 8은 종래의 전해에칭 용액에 의해 합금 718의 압축시험 후의 변형 소재에 대하여 전해에칭만을 수행한 후의 조직상태를 나타낸 광학현미경 사진이다. 8 is an optical micrograph showing the state of the structure after performing only electrolytic etching on the modified material after the compression test of the alloy 718 by the conventional electrolytic etching solution.

*도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명** Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings *

10; 전원공급기 20, 70; 용기10; Power supply 20, 70; Vessel

30; 전해에칭 용액 40; 시편30; Electrolytic etching solution 40; Psalter

50; 핀셋 60; 화학에칭 용액50; Tweezers 60; Chemical etching solution

Claims (9)

니켈기지 초내열합금의 조직상태를 관찰하기 위하여 화학에칭을 위한 에칭액 조성물에 있어서,In the etching solution composition for chemical etching in order to observe the state of the structure of nickel-based super heat-resistant alloy, 전체 조성물의 총 중량에 대하여 염산(HCl), 질산(HNO3), 불산(HF)으로 이루어진 강산 55~65중량% 및 전체 조성물 총 중량이 100중량%가 되도록 물이 혼합된 산성용액 조성물; 및An acidic solution composition in which water is mixed with 55 to 65% by weight of a strong acid consisting of hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO 3 ), and hydrofluoric acid (HF), and a total weight of the total composition is 100% by weight, based on the total weight of the total composition; And 상기 산성용액 조성물과 계면활성제의 전체 중량에 대하여 1~2중량%의 계면활성제를 포함하는 니켈기지 초내열합금의 에칭액 조성물.An etching solution composition of a nickel-based super heat-resistant alloy containing 1 to 2% by weight of surfactant based on the total weight of the acid solution composition and the surfactant. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 산성용액 조성물은 염산이 45~55중량%, 질산이 8~12중량%, 불산이 1~3중량%로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈기지 초내열합금의 에칭액 조성물. The etching solution composition of claim 1, wherein the acidic solution composition comprises 45 to 55% by weight of hydrochloric acid, 8 to 12% by weight of nitric acid, and 1 to 3% by weight of hydrofluoric acid. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 산성용액 조성물은 염산 50중량%, 질산 10중량%, 불산 2중량% 및 물 38중량%로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈기지 초내열합금의 에칭액 조성물.The etching solution composition of claim 1, wherein the acidic solution composition comprises 50% by weight of hydrochloric acid, 10% by weight of nitric acid, 2% by weight of hydrofluoric acid, and 38% by weight of water. 제1항에 있어서, 상기 계면활성제는 과산화수소인 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈기지 초내열합금의 에칭액 조성물.The etchant composition of claim 1, wherein the surfactant is hydrogen peroxide. 니켈기지 초내열합금의 조직상태를 관찰하기 위하여 상기 합금의 표면을 전해에칭 후 화학에칭하는 2단계 에칭에 있어서;In the two-step etching to electrochemically etch the surface of the alloy in order to observe the texture state of the nickel-based super heat-resistant alloy; 상기 화학에칭을 위한 에칭액 조성물은,The etching solution composition for the chemical etching, 전체 조성물의 총 중량에 대하여 염산(HCl), 질산(HNO3), 불산(HF)으로 이루어진 강산 55~65중량% 및 전체 조성물 총 중량이 100중량%가 되도록 물을 섞어 산성용액 조성물; 및Acidic solution composition by mixing 55-65% by weight of strong acid consisting of hydrochloric acid (HCl), nitric acid (HNO 3 ), hydrofluoric acid (HF) and total weight of the total composition to 100% by weight relative to the total weight of the total composition; And 상기 산성용액 조성물과 계면활성제의 전체 중량에 대하여 1~2중량%의 계면활성제를 포함하는 에칭액 조성물로 화학에칭하는 니켈기지 초내열합금의 에칭방법.Etching method of nickel-based super heat-resistant alloy chemically etched with an etching solution composition containing 1 to 2% by weight of the surfactant based on the total weight of the acid solution composition and the surfactant. 제5항에 있어서, 상기 산성용액 조성물은 염산이 45~55중량%, 질산이 8~12중량%, 불산이 1~3중량%로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈기지 초내열합금의 에칭방법. The method of claim 5, wherein the acidic solution composition is 45 to 55% by weight of hydrochloric acid, 8 to 12% by weight of nitric acid, 1 to 3% by weight of hydrofluoric acid. 제5항에 있어서, 상기 산성용액 조성물은 염산 50중량%, 질산 10중량%, 불산 2중량% 및 물 38중량%로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈기지 초내열합금의 에칭방법.The method of claim 5, wherein the acidic solution composition comprises 50% by weight of hydrochloric acid, 10% by weight of nitric acid, 2% by weight of hydrofluoric acid, and 38% by weight of water. 제5항에 있어서, 상기 계면활성제는 과산화수소인 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈기지 초내열합금의 에칭방법.6. The method of etching a nickel-based super heat resistant alloy according to claim 5, wherein the surfactant is hydrogen peroxide. 제5항에 있어서, 상기 전해에칭은 삼산화크롬(CrO3) 2.2중량%와 물 97.8중량%로 이루어진 전해에칭 용액에서 3~7V의 전압과 30초~5분 동안 유지하여 수행하는 것을 특징으로 하는 니켈기지 초내열합금의 에칭방법.The method of claim 5, wherein the electrolytic etching is performed by maintaining the voltage of 3-7V and 30 seconds to 5 minutes in an electrolytic etching solution consisting of 2.2 wt% chromium trioxide (CrO 3 ) and 97.8 wt% of water. Etching method of nickel base super heat resistant alloy.
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CN113740141A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-12-03 有研亿金新材料有限公司 Metallographic developing solution for superfine nickel-titanium memory alloy wire and preparation method thereof

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JP5010873B2 (en) 2006-08-23 2012-08-29 関東化学株式会社 Etching composition for titanium and aluminum metal laminate film

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