KR20100117781A - Unit module of marine structure for forming artificial fishing reef and weakening wavers - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A marine structure unit module for forming artificial fishing reefs and reducing wave energy is provided to create a habitat for fishes by preventing coast erosion and a sand loss. CONSTITUTION: A marine structure unit module for forming artificial fishing reefs and reducing wave energy comprises a precast concrete plate(13) and multiple support columns(P1,P2,P3,P4). Native rocks(14) or holes(15) are formed on the precast concrete plate. The support columns are vertically extended from the precast concrete plate. Parts of the support columns are filled with filler(16).

Description

Unit Module of Marine Structure for Forming Artificial Fishing Reef and Weakening Wavers for Reducing Wave Energy Caused by Artificial Reef Formation or Erosion and Sand Loss

The present invention relates to a marine structure unit module for reducing wave energy causing artificial reef formation or erosion and sand loss, and more specifically, functions as an artificial reef that is a habitat of fish or is transmitted to the shore and erodes coastal structures. The present invention relates to an offshore structural unit module for reducing artificial wave formation or erosion that can reduce wave energy causing sand loss and sand energy.

Artificial reefs are reefs formed by waste ships or artificial structures that have been put into the sea to allow fish to live or spawn while they are inhabited by seaweed. Artificial reefs may be formed in order to prevent the degradation of the sea due to causes such as a sharp decrease in algae. Artificial reefs can be the basis for ocean forest formation by providing a habitat for fish such as bullocks, reticulated fish or domes.

In general, blue is a wave phenomenon caused by wind at sea level and develops when wind continues to blow in a constant direction. Blue waves can transmit energy along the sea surface to erode the shore, or change the shoreline topography by losing the sand on the shore. On the other hand, various types of infrastructure, such as breakwaters or breakwaters, can be built on the shore or in the shallow waters for sea use. Loss or erosion of sand by blue energy can cause natural disasters, such as erosion or collapse of shores, and can affect the ecological environment and cause environmental degradation, as well as destroy the survival of people living on the coast. . In addition, maintenance costs can be increased due to the erosion of infrastructure built offshore. Therefore, it is necessary to form artificial reefs by the installation of appropriate structures to prevent desolation of the sea and to prevent or mitigate such terrain changes or damage to the infrastructure due to the waves.

As a prior art for preventing terrain changes or damage to infrastructure due to blue waves, there is a patent registration No. 0657180, 'Soil erosion prevention structure on the coast'. The prior art reduces the force of the sea water flowing to the shore and at the same time to install the floating plate to move up and down according to the height of the sea water to effectively stack the float and sand according to the height of the support, support plate, and sea level Disclosed is a coastal soil erosion prevention structure consisting of a floating plate moving up and down and a mesh fixed to the floating plate.

The prior art has the advantage of preventing the drift of sand or floats by back-wash (bash wash) where the sea water is pushed back to the sine, but it reduces the energy of the wave itself, It is difficult to prevent erosion and sand loss. Another problem with the prior art is that it can cause environmental problems later by being installed at sea. Therefore, in order to prevent erosion or sand drift caused by the wave energy and to mitigate changes in the existing coastal environment, the energy of the wave itself can be reduced to effectively block the transmission of the wave energy, and at the same time, for example, due to the installation of the structure There is a need for structures with the ability to create a favorable environment for fish farming.

The present invention is to solve the above problems with the prior art has the following object.

It is an object of the present invention to reduce the wave energy that is installed on the shore or in the shallow sea to prevent coastal erosion or sand loss, and at the same time to form artificial habitats or erosion and sand loss that can create a habitat for fish. It is to provide a marine structural unit module for reducing the wave energy as the cause.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the marine structural unit module for wave weakening is a precast concrete plate with natural stone protruding from the surface or formed in a hole and extending in a predetermined direction to secure the precast concrete plate while at least a part of the filler is provided. It includes a number of filled support columns.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, each support column consists of a vertical member and a spiral member.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the filler is natural stone.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, there are a plurality of precast concrete plates arranged vertically.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of support columns is cylindrical or prismatic.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the support column comprises a clearance pipe.

According to another suitable embodiment of the present invention, the support column is in the form of a lattice.

The unit module according to the present invention is installed in the sea to provide a habitat for the fish to form artificial reefs not only to prevent the desolation of the sea, but also to prevent erosion of the terrain or infrastructure and to prevent the loss of sand on the coast This has the advantage of mitigating changes in coastal environments. In addition, the unit module according to the present invention has the advantage that it is manufactured in a module unit and easy to install or replace.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments set forth in the accompanying drawings, but the embodiments are illustrative for clarity of understanding and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the present specification, the present invention is described by presenting a structure including a concrete plate. The concrete presented herein includes concrete produced in any form known in the art, such as fiber reinforced concrete, durable concrete, or concrete made from buttom-ash used as a composite aggregate. Natural stones placed on concrete plates include all naturally occurring stones or rocks of all types of any size, but preferably are smooth or rounded stones or rocks that have been subjected to erosion for some time in a river or sea. do. And struts, columns or support columns can be of any shape that can be bonded to concrete structures such as H-beams, circles or squares, such as steel or glass fiber reinforced plastic (GFRP). It can be made of any material known in the art.

The present invention is specifically described below.

1 shows a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a column respectively of a marine structural unit module 10 according to the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 1, the marine structural unit module 10 includes a precast concrete plate 13 in which natural stones 14 protrude from a surface or in which holes 15 are formed; And a plurality of support pillars P1, P2, P3, and P4, each of which extends vertically to fix the precast concrete plate 13 at a predetermined position and at least part of which is filled with the filler material 16.

The precast concrete plate 13 may be manufactured by, for example, a cement mortar and may include a plurality of natural stones 14 protruding downward or upward, or holes 15 formed in a through or groove shape.

The concrete plate 13 may be polygonal, such as a square, triangle, or pentagon, or arc-like, such as a circle or an ellipse. The natural stone 14 may protrude downward or upward simultaneously through the concrete plate 13 or may be partially embedded in the concrete plate 13 and the remaining portion may protrude downward or upward. The hole 15 may be formed through the precast concrete plate 13 in any shape or in the form of a groove on the lower or upper surface.

Support columns (P1, P2, P3, P4) can fix the concrete plate (13) at a certain height. The concrete plate 13 may be fixed to the support columns P1, P2, P3, P4 by installing suitable fasteners (not shown), for example, at the corners, but preferably as shown in FIG. A through hole may be formed in 13 to be fixed to the support pillars P1, P2, P3, and P4.

Each of the supporting pillars P1, P2, P3, and P4 includes a plurality of vertical members 17 installed vertically, a spiral member 18 extending spirally and surrounding the vertical member 17, and a filler filled therein ( 16). The vertical member 17 may for example be a rebar and the spiral member 17 may be a wire, but is not limited thereto. The filler 16 may be a plurality of natural stones having any shape or solid sludge having an irregular shape.

The filler material 16 is not required to be filled with the filler material 16 entirely along the respective support pillars P1, P2, P3, and P4, and sufficient filler space is formed between the filler material 16 and the filler material 16. Can be filled in the support pillars P1, P2, P3, P4. Such free space can be, for example, the habitat or migration path of marine fish.

As explained above, the precast concrete plate 13 can have a variety of shapes and can be produced by cement mortar, for example. It will be described in detail below.

2A and 2B show an embodiment of the precast concrete plate 13, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 2, the precast concrete plate 13 may be manufactured through the following process.

The mold is first produced for the production of the concrete plate 13. The mold may have various shapes such as, for example, square, round, pentagon or rhombus. When the mold is manufactured, the fixtures 11a, 11b, 11c, and 11d may be disposed at a predetermined position. The fixtures 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d can be installed in any suitable number to hold the engaging members 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e, 12f, such as reinforcing bars for supporting the precast concrete plate 13. have. After the arrangement of the fasteners 11a, 11b, 11c, and 11d and the connection of the coupling members 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e, and 12f are completed, a mortar such as cement mortar, for example, is poured into the mold to precast concrete plate. The basis of (13) can be made. In the process of pouring mortar, natural stone 14 may be disposed and holes 15 may be formed. Natural stone can be sprayed by mortar if necessary, but is not necessary. The natural stone may be a rock having any shape or size having water resistance or flame resistance. When the natural stone 14 arrangement or hole 15 is formed, the mold is removed after the mortar is hardened to complete the precast concrete plate 13 as shown in FIG. 2B. If necessary, a precast concrete plate 13 may be made of two unit plates 13a and 13b which form a constant angle of face as shown in FIG. 2B. As shown at the bottom of FIG. 2B, the natural stone 15 may be disposed through the concrete plate 13 (example shown as 14a) or may be arranged to protrude from the bottom or top side (example shown as 14b or 14c). ). The shape, arrangement or spacing of the natural stone 15 may be any shape, but in order to effectively block the transfer of energy, the natural stone 15 may preferably have different shapes or be arranged irregularly. . The manufactured precast concrete plate 13 may be fixed to a predetermined height of the support columns (P1, P2, P3, P4) installed through the support hole (H).

An embodiment of the support pillars P1, P2, P3, and P4 will be described below.

3A, 3B and 3C illustrate embodiments of the support column, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 3A, the support column includes a vertical member 31 made of reinforcing bars, steel bars, pipes, L-beams or H-beams, and a horizontal member 32 made of wires or rebars, and has a cylindrical or angular post shape as a whole. Can be made with The vertical member 31 may be installed in an appropriate number depending on the shape of the column, for example, 5 to 6 vertical members 31 when made of a cylinder and three vertical members 31a when made of a triangular prism. Can be installed. The horizontal member 32 may be made of wire or reinforcing bar and when the support column is made of cylinder, the horizontal member 32 may be made in advance in circular form and joined to the vertical member 31 or in the form of spiral to form the vertical member 31. Can be coupled to. Alternatively, the horizontal member 32a coupled to each pillar may be made in a straight line shape, and if necessary, each horizontal member 32a may be separated or connected to move forward in a spiral form. .

Filler 16, such as natural stone, for example, may be filled inside the support column. The filler material 16 may have a regular or irregular shape and free spaces of various sizes may be formed between the filler materials 16. Such free space has a function of reducing wave energy by interfering with up and down molecular motion of seawater. Along the filler 16, a gapping pipe 33 may be arranged inside the support column, such as a hollow pipe of constant length, such as shown on the right side of FIG. 3A. The gap pipe 33 may be irregularly disposed inside the support column with the filler material 16 to serve, for example, to provide a habitat for fish. The clearance pipe 33 may be disposed inside the support column in any form, such as in a horizontal, vertical or inclined direction.

The horizontal members 32, 32a can be fixed to the vertical members 31, 31a by suitable fastening means such as, for example, wire bundles.

Figure 3b shows another embodiment of the support pillar according to the present invention, the support pillar may be made in a cylindrical or prismatic form using a grid 34 made of wire. The filler 16 may be filled together with the gap pipe 33 in the interior of the grid pillar 34a, and appropriate bundle means may be installed according to a predetermined height of the grid pillar 34a. The bundle means is, for example, such as a wire, so that the grid pillar 34a together with the filler 16 or the gap pipe 33 can be kept vertically upright. Alternatively, the grid pillar 34a may be installed with the vertical members 31 and 31a. When the grid pillars 34a are installed to surround the vertical members 31 and 31a, the horizontal members 32 and 32a may not be installed.

As shown in FIG. 3C, the support column may be a hollow pipe column 35. Pipe column 35 may be made of, for example, stainless steel or synthetic resin material, but is not limited thereto. A plurality of through holes 351 having irregular shapes are formed in the wall of the pipe column 35, and there are gap pipes 33 made of a filler 16 such as natural stone or a hollow pipe having a short length. Can be filled). If necessary, the cover 352 may be covered with the pipe pillar 35 above or below. The cover 352 may have a flange shape and may have a vertical connection with another pipe column 35.

The various types of support pillars presented above are exemplary and the present invention is not limited thereto, and the support pillars may be made according to any method known in the art. The support columns can also be fixed to the concrete plates in various forms.

4a and 4b show an embodiment in which the concrete plate 13 is fixed to a support column and another embodiment in connection with the coupling of the support pillar and the concrete plate 13.

As shown in (a) of FIG. 4A, the support column composed of the vertical member 17 and the horizontal member 18 may be fixed in the process of forming the concrete plate 13. Specifically, the support pillar may be installed after the fixing member 11 is installed to install the connection member 12 to form the concrete plate 13. After the concrete is poured, the support pillar may be fixed at the same time as the concrete plate 13 is formed. After the supporting column is fixed, natural stone can be filled inside the supporting column. Alternatively, as shown in (b) of FIG. 4A, a joining pipe 41 may be installed on the support column. The coupling pipe 41 can be made of steel pipe or precast concrete, for example, and the fixture 11 is shaped to be able to fix the concrete plate 13 to the coupling pipe 41 by means of a bolt. Specifically, a fixing hole may be formed in the fixture 11 installed at the edge of the concrete plate 13 for coupling by bolts. As such, the support column may be fixed to the concrete plate 13 in various forms.

The support columns and concrete plates 13 can be arranged in any shape to block the transmission of blue energy.

As shown in FIG. 4B, the concrete plates 13a and 13b are installed perpendicular to the sea level and a plurality of support columns P1, P2, P3, P4 and P5 may be installed between the concrete plates 13a and 13b. have. In this case, the support pillars P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5 may be any number and may be installed in an inclined form as necessary. Each support pillar P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 may be composed of a vertical member and a horizontal member, and a filler such as natural stone may be filled therein. In addition, natural stones or holes may be formed on the surfaces of the concrete plates 13a and 13b in the same manner as the above-described embodiment.

The two concrete plates 13a and 13b are arranged in parallel, as shown in (a) of FIG. 4b or form a constant angle, such as pyramidal or triangular pyramid, as shown in (b) of FIG. 4b. It may be arranged to. In each case the support pillars P1, P2, P3, P4, P5 may be arranged in the same or different lengths and in parallel or inclined form.

As described above, the marine structural unit module according to the present invention may be formed by arranging relative positions of the support column and the concrete plate in various forms.

The marine structure unit module according to the present invention may be installed in a sea where desolation is in progress to form artificial reefs, or may be installed in a form in which multiple dogs are continuously connected in a direction in which the waves are pushed to weaken the wave energy transmitted to the shore. As a result, the back of the oceanic structure may not be able to transmit or at least weaken the wave energy to prevent erosion of coastal terrain or infrastructure. On the other hand, the seawater being pushed back to the sea can be prevented from being lost to the sea due to the progression of the sea structures. As described above, the marine structure installed in the coastal or shallow sea according to the present invention prevents the erosion of coastal topography or infrastructure by preventing the progress of seawater back to the sea while weakening the incoming blue energy, and at the same time, the coastal sand is lost. To be prevented.

While the present invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention . The invention is not limited by these variations and modifications, but is only limited by the scope of the appended claims.

1 shows a perspective view and a cross-sectional view of a column respectively of a marine structural unit module 10 according to the present invention.

2A and 2B show an embodiment of the precast concrete plate 13, respectively.

3A, 3B and 3C illustrate embodiments of the support column, respectively.

4a and 4b show an embodiment in which the concrete plate 13 is fixed to a support column and another embodiment in connection with the coupling of the support pillar and the concrete plate 13.

Claims (7)

A precast concrete plate 13 in which the natural stone 14 protrudes from the surface or in which the hole 15 is formed; And Cause of artificial reef formation or erosion and sand loss including a plurality of support columns (P1, P2, P3, P4) having a plurality of supporting pillars (P1, P2, P3, P4) filled in at least a portion while fixing the precast concrete plate 13 extending in a direction Offshore unit module for phosphorus wave energy reduction. The method according to claim 1, wherein each of the support columns (P1, P2, P3, P4) consists of a vertical member 17 and the spiral member 18, reducing the wave energy, which is the cause of artificial reef formation or erosion and sand loss. Offshore Unit Modules. The marine structure unit module according to claim 1, wherein the filler (16) is a natural stone, which is the cause of artificial reef formation or erosion and sand loss. The offshore structure unit module according to claim 1, wherein the precast concrete plate (13) is a plurality of vertically arranged, the cause of artificial reef formation or erosion and sand loss. The marine structure unit module according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of support pillars P1, P2, P3, and P4 have a cylindrical shape or a prismatic shape. . The offshore structure unit module according to claim 1, wherein the support columns (P1, P2, P3, P4) are causes of artificial reef formation or erosion and sand loss including gap pipes. The marine structural unit module according to claim 1, wherein the supporting pillars (P1, P2, P3, P4) are in the form of a grid.

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