KR20100077282A - Method for horizontal two-dimensional dispersion analysis in a manmade channel using salt solution injection - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: An analysis method of a horizontal two-dimensional dispersional behavior using salt solution injection in a manmade water channel is provided to spatially indicating the horizontal two-dimensional behavior of contaminant by ensuring economics, efficiency and safety. CONSTITUTION: An analysis method of a horizontal two-dimensional dispersional behavior using salt solution injection in a manmade water channel is as follows. Measuring cross-sections are established in a manmade water channel at regular intervals. 3D flux data is extracted based on the measuring cross-sections in real time. A cylinder in which salt-mixed solution, tracer is filled is momentarily dismantled from a cradle for momentary injection of the salt-mixed solution. The densities of the chlorine ion contained in the salt-mixed solution are acquired by the probes of an electric conductometer. The density value to the time obtained by each probe is indicated as a graph. The density values corresponding to all locations in longitudinal and traversal directions are simultaneously arranged for each time.

Description

Horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method using brine mixed solution in artificial water channel {METHOD FOR HORIZONTAL TWO-DIMENSIONAL DISPERSION ANALYSIS IN A MANMADE CHANNEL USING SALT SOLUTION INJECTION}

The present invention relates to a horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method using a brine mixed solution injection in an artificial water channel, more specifically, having economical efficiency, efficiency and safety, only by changing the concentration of the dispersion coefficient or change in time This study relates to a horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method that can directly identify the horizontal two-dimensional behavior of pollutants expressed spatially, so that the hydraulic behavior characteristic that can be confirmed only in the actual field simulation can be confirmed.

In real rivers, due to various topographical conditions, they exhibit various behavioral characteristics in flow. Therefore, it is necessary to study the time and space preparations for the inflow of pollutants due to accidents.

Such research methods include numerical analysis, field experiments, and laboratory experiments. In the case of numerical analysis, since the actual phenomena are different from each other, verification of field experiments or laboratory experiments is essential. In the case of experiments, the results or aspects closest to natural phenomena can be confirmed, but the scale is very large, which requires expensive budgets and quantities, and it is very difficult to compare and experiment with various conditions. On the other hand, laboratory experiments are more economical and highly applicable to analyzing phenomena, and the results or patterns can be accurately confirmed through repeated experiments.

Therefore, various methods of injecting the tracer material and using the tracer material have been continued in the laboratory. Fischer (1969) performs the tracer experiment by continuously injecting fluorescent material (Rhodamine WT) in the channel of rectangular cross section. After that, Guymer (1998) conducted a tracer experiment in a channel having a trapezoidal cross section using a fluorescent material (for an instant injection method).

However, in the analysis of tracer behavior in rivers and waterways, the method of calculating dispersion coefficients has been mainstream, but the empirical method has been the mainstream. However, there was a drawback of the wasted injection type in which the tracer material was continuously injected into the artificial channel.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to simulate a variety of simulations in the form similar to the actual river accident and economical and can save the amount of injected material through instant injection in laboratory experiments It is to provide a horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method with safety that can continuously perform efficiency and minimize the amount of pollution that can occur when the discharged water used by the use of the brine mixture solution.

Another object of the present invention is to visually identify the contaminants, separations, and superpositions of the injected material due to the geometrical characteristics of the channel, which could not be confirmed in the dispersion coefficient estimation method using simulation programs or empirical equations. It is to provide a horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method that can improve understanding and simulate the inflow incident of pollutants that are injected at a moment.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the steps of (a) setting the measurement section at a predetermined interval in the artificial channel and extracting the three-dimensional flow rate data in real time using the three-dimensional micro-ADV based on this; (b) a step of dismantling the cylinder which is installed in a cradle at a predetermined position upstream by an artificial water and filled with a brine mixture solution as a tracer material for instant injection of the brine mixture solution; (c) acquiring the concentration of chlorine ions contained in the brine mixture solution by a predetermined number of electroconductor probes installed at regular intervals in the artificial channel; (d) expressing a concentration value of the time acquired for each probe in the electroconductor in a graph using an excel program, and (e) simultaneously expressing the concentration values of all longitudinal and transverse positions for each time. In order to improve the understanding of the actual pollutant behavior by listing, each specific hourly concentration data is listed on the basis of two-dimensional coordinates and then the isoconductivity diagram is drawn using the Surfer program. do.

As described above, the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method using the brine mixed solution injection in the artificial water channel of the present invention has economical efficiency, efficiency, and safety, and only the contaminants expressed only by the change in concentration coefficient or the concentration change with time change. By expressing the horizontal two-dimensional behavior of directly spatially, it is effective to confirm the hydraulic behavior characteristic that can be confirmed only in the actual field simulation.

When described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings a preferred embodiment of the present invention configured as described above are as follows.

1 is a photograph showing a three-dimensional micro-ADV installed in the automatic transport apparatus used in the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a movement used in the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method according to the present invention 3 is a photograph showing a concentration measuring probe installed on a pulley, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a result of a concentration versus electric conductivity test for a sensor attached to a concentration measuring probe used in a horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method according to the present invention. 4 is a view showing a schematic diagram of a data collection device (DAS) used in the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method according to the present invention, Figure 5 is an artificial channel to which the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method according to the present invention is applied Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the, Figure 6 is a photograph of the installation of the cylindrical cylinder for the tracer material injection used in the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method according to the present invention 7 is a main flow direction flow velocity vector diagram according to the present invention, FIG. 8 is a graph showing concentration versus time graphs obtained for each probe in the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method according to the present invention, and FIG. Figure 2 shows the behavior of the two-dimensional pollution cloud according to.

The present invention is a two-dimensional simulation behavior analysis method for the case of a pollutant spill in a river, and proposes a method of injecting conservative pollutants in the form of a point source into an artificial channel and a horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method thereof. First, we propose a cylinder-type trace dye instant injection device. Second, we propose a method of measuring the concentration value of the instantaneous brine mixture solution using an electrical conductivity meter. Graph) and a concentration contour form for efficient visualization.

That is, the present invention proposes an injection method of the brine mixture solution and a processing method of the obtained concentration data, and for this purpose, by first observing the basic hydraulic amount of the artificial water channel to be analyzed, the flow pattern is obtained and then the tracer through the injection of the brine mixture solution. The experiment will be performed.

Basic hydraulic quantity observation

As shown in Fig. 1 and 5, the inlet connecting pipe of the artificial water channel is installed to measure the flow rate by installing a flow meter for the pipeline, the downstream end of the water channel by installing a point gauge for water level measurement to measure the outflow water level The measurement sections are set at regular intervals and the basic repair quantity is first measured.

In the present invention, three-dimensional micro-ADV (Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter) is used to acquire the flow rate data. The ADV enables precise turbulence measurement, measures 50 flow rates per second, and reduces the sampling volume to 0.09 cc. It is increased from 0.1 to 250 cm / sec is superior to the general ADV. The probe part of the micro-ADV sensor located below the water surface measures the three-dimensional flow rate at a distance of 5 cm, and the existing downward probe type needs to maintain 5 cm distance between the probe and the sampling volume. Although the flow rate measurement was possible, in the present invention, by using the ADV having a lateral probe, the flow rate can be measured in almost the entire area of the water depth from the water surface to the bottom. In addition, this ADV is a device that measures the speed of water flowing by generating sound waves using the Doppler effect, unless the difference in the frequency of the sound wave that changes as the sound wave between the sensor and the sampling volume of the probe does not significantly affect the flow of water. The three-dimensional flow velocity data can be extracted in real time. This allows simultaneous acquisition of flow velocity data in the main flow direction (xy direction) along with the secondary flow in each section (yz direction).

In addition, accurate movement of the ADV sensor in the main flow direction (x direction), transverse direction (y direction), and vertical direction (z direction) is essential for the measurement of the flow velocity at the cross section and the transverse point. to be. To this end, the coordinates of the present invention preferably use a curved coordinate system in which the main flow direction of the channel is taken as the x coordinate and the right angle is defined as the y axis in the transverse direction.

Transfer of the ADV sensor in the flow direction uses a transfer device that can go along the curve as shown in Figure 1, the transfer in the flow direction of the ADV sensor attached to the transfer device is installed in the artificial waterway wall upper end The rails are moved manually and the transverse and vertical movements are set to perform more precise experiments using the sensor transfer control device of the automatic transfer system.

This results in discarding the initial acquired data among the acquired flow rate values and using the data in the 15 to 25 second intervals, and calculating the acquired data for 10 seconds to smooth the turbulent fluctuations as an average value over time. Analyze the distribution of the main stream through the depth average with the time-averaged flow velocity of.

Therefore, the present invention can use the flow velocity structure acquired by using the three-dimensional micro-ADV for the analysis of the two-dimensional dispersion behavior, and also the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion characteristic generated when the tracer material is introduced into the channel described later. Analyze more effectively.

Instant injection of brine mixture solution

'Tracer material' means that the experimenter can check the transport and dispersion of the material while exhibiting its behavior according to the three-dimensional properties of the material being injected. Say substance.

In the present invention, using a brine solution that can minimize the amount of contamination with such tracer material, because the brine solution itself is stratified due to the density difference with water to be laid on the bottom surface of the waterway, such a phenomenon occurs, Methanol is mixed to adjust the specific gravity and water to prevent the phenomenon, and to check the behavior of the tracer material visually check a small amount of potassium permanganate (KMnO ₄ ) mixed with the brine mixture solution.

In addition, the present invention proposes a method of performing in the instant injection form that can save the amount of the injected material, not the continuous injection form when injecting the brine mixture solution.

In the past, the tracer material was injected in a steady state, that is, in the form of continuous injection, so that the longitudinal diffusion term could be ignored in the two-dimensional transport and diffusion equation, and the lateral dispersion coefficient was relatively easily calculated through the moment method. In the present invention, since the tracer is instantaneously injected, the concentration field is also in an abnormal state, which makes it relatively difficult to directly calculate the lateral dispersion coefficient using the method of the present invention. Therefore, it is preferable to calculate the lateral dispersion coefficient as a basic data acquired by the present invention by using a routing method that can be directly applied to the two-dimensional transfer and diffusion equation in an abnormal state.

Of electrical conductivity  acquisition

In the present invention, the concentration measurement of the tracer allows to measure the concentration over time using a conductivity meter (conductivity meter), the measurement range is 0 ~ 30,000 ppm and the linearity is ± 1.5%.

In fact, the probe of the conductivity meter has a very small diameter of 4 mm, so that even after six probes are installed at intervals of 10 to 15 cm on the pulley, as shown in FIG.

On the other hand, when the dissolved salt (NaCl) in distilled water salt molecules Na ⁺ and Cl ^- are separated by, at this time, Cl ^- is one of the being measured that the charge amount for the measurement probe it is directly dissolved in the dispersion behavior in artificial waterways It will appear as the concentration value of the tracer material.

3 is a diagram showing the results of the test to check whether the normal operation of some of the sensors attached to the measuring probe of the electroconductor installed in each of the three moving pulleys in each of the three pulleys in the present invention, The conductivity of 500, 1000, 2000, 5000 and 10000 ppm of brine standard solution was measured and compared with each probe. As shown in Figure 3 it can be confirmed that the sensor attached to each probe is normal through the fact that the charge amount of each probe for the standard solution of the brine.

Concentration Data Processing and Representation

As shown in Figure 4, the concentration of chlorine ions contained in the brine mixture solution used as the tracer material is obtained as an electrical signal by a sensor attached to the measuring probe of the electrical conductivity, the electrical signal of the concentration is amplified After amplification, it is delivered to the data acquisition system (DAS) in real time.

The data collecting device converts the acquired electrical signal into numerical data, which is a concentration value, and can be converted and stored in excel data form after filtering. The obtained data can be confirmed in real time by a monitor of a control measurement computer. When the acquisition is completed, the monitoring and control software can also confirm and complete the acquisition.

For reference, in order to acquire concentration data, it is desirable to perform data processing more precisely and quickly by using a DAS capable of processing data on a Windows operating system instead of a conventionally used Data Acquisition System (DAS) of an MS-DOS operating system. Using this, you can monitor the data acquisition status in real time to check its stability, and you can easily perform the time and number of data you want to measure with a simple drag and drop operation. It is preferable that the state is smoothed by moving average, and 10 concentration data are obtained per second.

Of two-dimensional behavior analysis Example

The process and results of applying in an artificial waterway using the analysis method of the present invention are as follows.

As shown in Figure 5, the width of the channel to which the analysis method of the present invention is applied is a channel of a rectangular cross section having a width of 1 m, the total length is a straight length 10 m, the curved portion is composed of two circular arcs having a central angle of 150 ° The connection of the two bends is made up of straight sections.

In addition, a schematic diagram and a photograph of a tracer material injection cylinder fixedly installed at a predetermined position upstream of an artificial channel in the present invention are shown in FIG. 6, wherein the cylinder has a diameter of two diameters of 45 and 90 mm and a lower end of the cylinder. Make sure that the amount of leakage is negligible even if you fill the cylinder with salt solution so that it is in close contact with the bottom cradle with artificial water. Here, the instant injection of the conservative contaminant in the form of a point source can be simulated by dismantling the cylinder filled with the brine mixture solution from the cradle instantaneously.

As described above, the flow direction vector of FIG. 7 can be confirmed by ADV, wherein numerical data obtained by ADV can be visualized using commercial software (TEC-Plot, etc.) that can effectively express the flow rate vector. FIG. 7A shows a depth average flow velocity value when the depth is 15 cm and the flow rate is 30 l / s, and FIG. 7B is when the depth is 30 cm and the flow rate is 30 l / s.

Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the concentration values for time are obtained for each probe of the electroconductor, and since the obtained concentration values are obtained only with numerical values for two-dimensional coordinates, each point is effectively expressed in a graph. It is expressed by using chart creation in excel program of Microsoft company.

Here, the installation method of the electroconductor probe using three moving pulleys is a moving pulley 3 in which the probe of the electroconductor is first installed on the three cross sections (S1 to S3) upstream of the 12 cross sections (S1 to S12) of the artificial channel. After each stage is placed, the brine mixture solution is instantaneously injected to obtain concentration values for each cross section, and then the movable pulley is moved to the next three cross sections (S4 to S6). By disassembling again, the brine mixture solution is instantaneously injected to obtain concentration values for the cross sections S4 to S6. By repeating this, concentration values with time for all 12 sections can be obtained. It should be noted that the flow rate of the fluid in the artificial channel should be kept constant to create the same environment.

 Finally, in order to list the concentration values according to all the longitudinal positions for each time at the same time, after listing the specific concentration data for each specific time based on the two-dimensional coordinates, the isograph is drawn using the Surfer program. It can be analyzed as

The isoconcentration diagram of a specific time with respect to the two-dimensional coordinates is very effective to visualize the polluted cloud shape of the tracer material with the change of time, and in the present embodiment with reference to Figure 9 can be confirmed as follows. .

After injection of the tracer material, the cloud of clouds begins to spread in the lateral symmetry (Figs. 9a, b). After the first bend, stagnation occurs on the right side of the main flow direction. This phenomenon occurs because the maximum flow rate is generated in the left side and the progress of the pollution cloud spreading in the right side is lagging behind (FIG. 9C). The polluted clouds separated in the lateral direction proceed in the form of a double rod to reach the straight portion past the first curved portion. In the straight part, as it has a symmetrical flow rate structure in the main flow direction, it is confirmed that the polluted clouds having peak values of about 2 to 3 are separated in the longitudinal direction (FIGS. 9D and E). After passing through the straight portion and passing through the second curved portion, congestion occurs again on the left side as the maximum flow rate occurs on the right side of the channel. At this time, the superposition is confirmed as the pollution clouds having the maximum concentration values which proceeded first overlap due to the congestion phenomenon (FIG. 9F). As a result, the polluted clouds of the multi-rod structure appear in the form of a double-rod, passing through the second bend and proceed with the development of the flow structure in the main flow direction. Polluted clouds reaching the straight part again after passing through the second curved portion have a very long length compared to the initial section and exit the waterway through the behavior of the polluted cloud of the multi-rod structure (FIG. 9g, h).

Therefore, the present invention can improve the understanding of the actual contaminant behavior by expressing the concentration value of the obtained brine mixture solution in time versus concentration data and again arranged in accordance with the change of time horizontally two-dimensional, as a result, In the study of tracer dispersion characteristics in the channel, the selection and injection method of tracer material, measurement of concentration data and processing of measurement data are considered to be the most important. Therefore, in the present invention, the brine mixture solution was instantaneously injected in the form of a clerk. It is a method to study the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior for a case.

In addition, the basic repair amount and concentration data of the brine mixed solution as the tracer material can be usefully used as the basic data for the two-dimensional behavior analysis of contaminants.

While specific preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and a person skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains has the technical gist of the present invention. Various changes can be made without departing.

1 is a photograph showing a three-dimensional micro-ADV installed in the automatic transfer device used in the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a photograph showing a concentration measuring probe installed on a moving pulley used in the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is a view showing the results of the concentration vs. electrical conductivity for the sensor attached to the concentration measuring probe used in the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a data collection device (DAS) used in the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method according to the present invention.

5 is a schematic diagram of an artificial water channel to which the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method according to the present invention is applied.

Figure 6 is a photograph of the installation of the tracer material cylindrical cylinder used in the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method according to the present invention.

7 is a main flow direction vector flow rate in accordance with the present invention.

8 is a graph showing the concentration versus time graph obtained for each probe in the horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method according to the present invention.

9 is a view showing the behavior of the two-dimensional pollution cloud according to the present invention.

Claims (6)

(a) setting measurement cross sections at a predetermined interval in the artificial channel and extracting three-dimensional flow rate data in real time using three-dimensional micro-ADV; (b) a step of dismantling the cylinder which is installed in a cradle at a predetermined position upstream by an artificial water and filled with a brine mixture solution as a tracer material for instant injection of the brine mixture solution; (c) acquiring the concentration of chlorine ions contained in the brine mixture solution by a predetermined number of electroconductor probes installed at regular intervals in the artificial channel; (d) expressing a concentration value with respect to the time acquired for each probe in the electroconductor in a graph using an excel program, and (e) To enhance understanding of the actual pollutant behavior by simultaneously listing the concentration values along all longitudinal positions for each time, use the Surfer program after listing each specific hourly concentration data based on two-dimensional coordinates. Horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method using the salt water mixture solution injection in the artificial channel, characterized in that consisting of the step of drawing an equal concentration diagram. The method of claim 1, In the step (a), the flow in the flow direction of the micro-ADV is measured manually in each measurement section using the three-dimensional micro-ADV, and the movement in the transverse direction and the vertical direction is carried out using a sensor transfer control device. Horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method using the brine mixture solution injection in the artificial waterway, characterized in that used. The method of claim 1, The brine mixture solution of step (b) is mixed with methanol to prevent stratification, and a trace amount of potassium permanganate is mixed to confirm the behavior of the tracer material, artificial brine mixture solution in the artificial channel Horizontal Two-Dimensional Dispersion Behavior Analysis Using Injection. The method of claim 1, The electroconductor of step (c) is characterized in that the probes of the six electroconductors are installed at regular intervals in one moving pulley installed on the measurement section so as not to affect the main flow to the artificial channel, artificial Horizontal Two-Dimensional Dispersion Behavior Analysis Using Brine Mixed Solution Injection in Aqueduct. The method of claim 1, In the step (c), the concentration of chlorine ions is obtained as an electrical signal by a sensor attached to the measuring probe of the electrical conductivity meter, and the electrical signal of the concentration is amplified through an amplification device and then a data collection device (DAS: data). It is delivered in real time to the acquisition system, the data collection device is characterized in that the electrical signal to be converted into numerical data, which is a concentration value, filtered and converted back to excel data form can be stored Analysis of Horizontal Two-Dimensional Dispersion Behavior Using Brine Mixed Solution Injection in. The method of claim 4, wherein A mobile pulley 3 having a probe of an electroconductor first installed at three upstream cross sections S1 to S3 of 12 cross sections S1 to S12 of an artificial water channel using three moving pulleys provided with the probes of the electroconductor. After each stage is placed, the brine mixture solution is instantaneously injected to obtain concentration values for each cross section, and then the movable pulley is moved to the next three cross sections (S4 to S6). By disintegrating again, the brine mixture solution is instantaneously injected to obtain concentration values for the S4 to S6 cross sections, and the results are repeated to obtain concentration values over time for all 12 sections, but the flow velocity of the fluid in the artificial channel is constant. Horizontal two-dimensional dispersion behavior analysis method using the brine mixture solution injection in the artificial channel, characterized in that to maintain the same environment to maintain.

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