KR20100076757A - Pyrolysis furnace, incineration furnace and waste pyrolysis system using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A pyrolysis furnace and an incineration furnace, and a waste pyrolysis system using the same are provided to completely burn a harmful mixed gas by maximizing the contact surface between various mixed gases and a heating element. CONSTITUTION: An incineration furnace(100) comprises inner and outer tanks(120,110), a pipe-shaped burner(130), and a fuel supply part. The inner tank defines a waste pyrolysis area(A). The outer tank contains the inner tank and the burner and provides flame for heating the inner tank to a high temperature. The fuel supply part stores first, second and third fuels which are to be supplied to the burner for generating and preserving flame, wherein the first fuel is petroleum or liquefied gas and the second and the third fuel are gases produced during pyrolysis of waste.

Description

Pyrolysis furnace, incineration furnace and waste pyrolysis system using the same}

The present invention relates to a cracking furnace and a combustion furnace and a pyrolysis system of waste using the same. More specifically, the present invention not only maintains a constant vacuum state throughout the entire process from the input of waste to pyrolysis, but also utilizes the oil and gas components generated from the waste as fuel as the fuel. Incinerator which maintains high temperature and incinerator which completely burns harmful mixed gas by maximizing contact space of various mixed gases and heat generating means generated during the entire process of pyrolysis completion after the input of waste. A high efficiency pyrolysis system for pyrolyzing waste by using a furnace and a combustion furnace.

In recent years, as the society is showing full-scale industrialization, as the waste caused by 'mass production and mass consumption' is rapidly increasing, the environmental pollution accompanying the waste disposal is seriously demanded, therefore, an efficient waste disposal plan is urgently required.

In general, waste is a generic term for materials that become obsolete, and according to the conventional waste management law, people's lives or industries such as garbage, combustion materials, sludge, waste oil, waste acid, waste alkali, animal carcasses, etc. Substance that is no longer needed for activity.

Meanwhile, currently used waste treatment methods include 'reduction', 'recycling', 'recycling', 'landfill' and 'incineration'.

Among them, the reduction, recycling, and regeneration are not the final waste disposal methods, and landfilling is a strong regulation subject in each country because it causes serious soil and water pollution over a long period of time. Therefore, at present, the method of 'incineration' is mainly used, which is a method of burning wastes by using a flame.

However, waste treatment by incineration also presents various problems.

That is, in the case of incineration where the flame is directly applied to the waste, it is practically impossible to burn completely due to various factors such as waste load, density, moisture content, incinerator size and heating temperature, and soot, dust and air pollution due to incomplete combustion. There is a problem that a large amount of pollution emission gas and the like.

Accordingly, a method of pyrolysis waste in a high temperature and vacuum environment has been introduced, and FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a general waste treatment apparatus using the technology.

As can be seen, a general waste treatment apparatus includes a pulverizer 6 for crushing waste, a pyrolysis furnace 10 for pyrolyzing the pulverized waste, and a combustion furnace 14 for burning various gases generated during waste pyrolysis. do.

In addition, a hopper (1) for waste input and a vacuum pump (5) for gas intake are installed in the pulverization apparatus 6, and a burner (burner: 15) for pyrolysis of waste is installed in the pyrolysis furnace 10. ) Is mounted, and a separate flame is generated in the combustion furnace 14.

Therefore, the waste is introduced into the grinder 6 through the hopper 1 and then pulverized and pyrolyzed by the burner 15 of the pyrolysis furnace 10 in a state where gas is removed by the vacuum pump 5. Various mixed gases generated are burned while passing through the combustion furnace 14. At this time, the reason for removing the gas from the waste inside the grinder 6 by using the vacuum pump 5 is to create and maintain a vacuum from the grinder 6 to the pyrolysis furnace 10 so that the pyrolysis is not incinerated. To make it happen.

However, the general waste treatment apparatus described above is low in efficiency, high in energy waste, and is still likely to generate incomplete combustion gas.

Looking at the cause, the waste treatment apparatus is a high temperature environment of the pyrolysis furnace 10 must be maintained throughout the entire process from the input of waste to the completion of pyrolysis, the burner 15 is oil or Dedicated fuels, such as liquefied gas, must continue to be supplied. However, considering that it takes a long time for pyrolysis of waste, energy waste is large and efficiency is low.

In addition, the waste treatment apparatus exhibits a limitation in that the mixed gas continuously generated during the pyrolysis process of the waste cannot be completely removed. Although the vacuum pump 5 is provided for the operation, the general vacuum pump is directly connected to the breakage when directly in contact with the high temperature gas, and therefore, it is difficult to expect a different action in addition to the initial vacuum composition. As a result, a large amount of air pollution emission gas is generated due to the incineration reaction caused by the destruction of the vacuum environment inside the pyrolysis furnace 10.

As a result, although the mixed gas is combusted in the subsequent combustion furnace 14, it is not efficient even at the current technical level to completely burn a large amount of mixed gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace 10, and requires enormous time and cost. Indicates. In addition, the general combustion furnace 14 is difficult to ensure a sufficient contact between the gas mixture and the flame passing through the inside, in particular, the mixed gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace 10 is difficult to expect an active combustion reaction because of the low oxygen content, There is a problem that is difficult to expect practical utility.

The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the object of the present invention is to present an efficient strategy for pyrolysis of waste.

Specifically, the present invention is a pyrolysis system of a cracking furnace and a combustion furnace and wastes using the same, which not only maintains a constant vacuum state over the entire process from the input of waste to the completion of pyrolysis, but also waste during the pyrolysis process. The incinerator which maintains high temperature by utilizing oil and gas components generated from the fuel, and the contact space between the various gas mixtures and the heating means generated during the entire process of pyrolysis after the waste is added. To maximize the incinerator to completely burn the harmful gas mixture and to provide a highly efficient pyrolysis system to pyrolyze the waste by using the cracking furnace and the combustion furnace.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is an inner tank defining a decomposition zone for pyrolysis of waste; A tubular burner disposed on an outer surface of the inner tank to provide a flame for heating the inner tank at a high temperature; An outer tank accommodating the inner tank and the burner; And a first fuel of petroleum or liquefied gas, a second fuel of oil component generated during pyrolysis of the waste, and a third fuel of gas component generated during pyrolysis of the waste, to generate and maintain the flame. It provides a decomposition furnace including a fuel supply unit for supplying the first to third fuel to the burner.

In this case, the fuel supply unit supplies the burner in the order of the first fuel, the second fuel, and the third fuel, the burner is a plurality of injection holes through which the first to third fuel is injected It is characterized in that the spiral surrounding the outer surface of the inner tank.

In another aspect, the present invention is a closed first combustion tank; A hermetically sealed second combustion tank mounted inside the first combustion tank and having a discharge port penetrating through one side of the first combustion tank; A combustion tube disposed in the first combustion tank along an outer surface of the second combustion tank and having one end connected to one side of the first combustion tank and a second end connected to one side of the second combustion tank; An exothermic water stage disposed inside the second combustion tank; And a plate-shaped circulation plate mounted into the second combustion tank so as to substantially extend a movement path of the combustion counterbody which is introduced into the second combustion tank and discharged to the outlet through the other end of the combustion tube. It provides a combustion furnace comprising.

In this case, the circulation plate may include a plurality of through holes penetrated along the moving direction of the combustion target body and between the plurality of through holes such that the odd numbered and even numbered parts are located opposite to each other based on the moving direction of the combustion target body. It characterized in that it comprises a plurality of guide plates protruding outward, wherein the heat generating means is a plurality of linear heat transfer heaters arranged side by side along the inner circumferential surface of the outer tank.

In addition, the present invention is a decomposition furnace is provided with a burner for defining a closed space in which waste is injected and providing a flame for heating the closed space; Cooling unit for separating the liquid and gas components by cooling the various gases generated during the pyrolysis of the waste; A liquid treatment unit collecting the liquid component and separating the liquid component into water and an oil component; A gas treatment unit collecting and compressing the gas component; A vacuum unit connected to the decomposition furnace via the cooling unit to create and maintain a vacuum in the decomposition furnace; A first fuel of liquefied gas or petroleum, a second fuel of the oil component, and a third fuel of the gas component are stored, and the first to third fuels are supplied to the burner for generation and maintenance of the flame. A fuel supply unit; And a combustion furnace connected to the vacuum unit to combust the gas sucked from the decomposition furnace for the composition and maintenance of the vacuum.

At this time, the decomposition furnace, the inner tank defining the closed space; And an outer tank accommodating the inner tank, wherein the burner is disposed in a flame space between the inner tank and the outer tank, and the combustion furnace is connected to the flame space to provide a burner. Characterized by the combustion of the combustion gas, characterized in that it further comprises an evaporator for vaporizing the water generated in the liquid treatment unit with water by using the high temperature of the gas discharged from the combustion furnace.

The apparatus may further include at least one cooling device for cooling the steam and then discharging it to the outside, wherein the vacuum unit comprises: two or more vacuum tanks sequentially connected to the cracking furnace; A vacuum pump which inhales the inside of the vacuum tank to create a vacuum; And a buffer tank installed between the vacuum pump and the combustion furnace to store gas in the vacuum tank sucked through the vacuum pump and to supply the gas to the combustion furnace. The vacuum unit includes the vacuum tank. A first blower for introducing external gas into each of the first blowers; A second blower interposed between the vacuum tank and the pressure regulation tank; And a backfire prevention unit interposed between the pressure regulating device and the combustion furnace.

In addition, the liquid treatment unit, the oil and water storage tank in which the liquid component of the cooling unit is stored; Oil and water separation tank for transmitting the liquid component to separate the water and oil components; And an oil storage tank collecting the oil component and supplying the oil component to the fuel supply unit, wherein the fuel supply unit supplies the burner in the order of the first fuel, the second fuel, and the third fuel. The switching point of the first fuel and the second fuel, the second fuel and the third fuel is determined according to the temperature of the combustion furnace.

As described above, the present invention provides an efficient method for pyrolysis of waste.

That is, the present invention provides a cracking furnace and a combustion furnace and a pyrolysis system of waste using the same, wherein the cracking furnace maintains a constant vacuum throughout the entire process from the waste to the completion of pyrolysis. Of course, by utilizing the oil and gas generated from the waste during the pyrolysis process as a fuel to maintain a high temperature, it shows low cost, high efficiency.

In addition, the combustion furnace has the advantage of fully burning the harmful mixed gas by maximizing the contact space of the various mixed gases and the heat generating means generated throughout the entire process of pyrolysis completion after the input of waste.

And the pyrolysis system of wastes using these cracking furnaces and combustion furnaces has the advantages of low energy consumption and efficient and completely solve the problem of air pollution emission.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Prior to the full description, several terms are defined in advance, and 'gas' means gaseous components contained in waste prior to thermal decomposition of waste, and 'mixed gas' means gaseous components generated during thermal decomposition of waste. The term 'combustion gas' refers to a gas component generated by combustion of fuel with flames, and the term 'complete combustion gas' refers to the complete combustion of 'gas', 'mixed gas' and 'combustion gas'. Mean gas component. Thus, 'gas', 'mixed gas', and 'combustion gas' include air pollution emissions, whereas 'complete combustion gas' does not contain air pollution emissions.

Definitions of these terms will be used consistently in the following specification, and other necessary terms are separately defined in the corresponding parts.

In addition, the present invention is a 'gas', 'mixed gas', 'combustion gas' that occurs during the entire process of the decomposition of the pyrolysis after the input of the waste, and the actual pyrolysis of the waste is introduced. And a pyrolysis system (hereinafter, simply referred to as a pyrolysis system) for pyrolyzing wastes by using the cracking furnace and the combustion furnace, hereinafter referred to as cracking furnace, combustion furnace, pyrolysis system Look in turn.

2 and 3 are respectively an external perspective view and an internal perspective view of the disassembled furnace 100 according to the present invention.

As shown, the decomposition furnace 100 according to the present invention is an inner tank (120) defining the closed inner decomposition zone (A), and the outer surface of the inner tank 120 of the fuel supplied from the outside Outer tank which receives the burner 130 and the inner tank 120 and the burner 130 to provide a flame according to the combustion to define a closed flame zone (B) outside the decomposition zone (A): 110).

Look at each one in detail.

First, the inner tank 120 is a part into which waste is introduced and substantial thermal decomposition proceeds. Waste is introduced into the inner decomposition area A, and the first discharge pipe connected to the decomposition area A from one side of the inner tank 120. 122 is provided and exposed through the outside of the outer tank 110. At this time, the 'gas' existing in the decomposition zone A until the pyrolysis after the sealing of the inner tank 110 through the first discharge pipe 122 and the' mixed gas generated during the thermal decomposition of the waste. 'Is discharged continuously.

As a result, the inner tank 120 maintains a constant vacuum throughout the entire process from the input of waste to the completion of pyrolysis.

Next, the burner 130 shows a spiral tube phenomenon of winding the outer surface of the inner tank 120 as a portion for burning and supplying fuel supplied from the outside to generate and maintain a flame for heating the inner tank 120. One end of the burner 130 is exposed to the outside of the outer tank 110 to form a fuel inlet 132 through which fuel is introduced, and a plurality of injections are performed along the inner surface of the burner 130 facing the inner tank 120. The hole 134 is penetrated.

Therefore, when fuel is supplied to the fuel inlet 132, flame is generated through the injection hole 134, and the inner tank 120 is heated to a high temperature.

Lastly, the outer tank 110 accommodates the inner tank 120 and the burner 130 to define the closed flame area B outside the inner tank 110 for generating and maintaining the flame. One side of the 110 is provided with a second discharge pipe 112 connected to the flame zone (B). At this time, the 'combustion gas' generated during the combustion process of the fuel by the burner 130 is continuously discharged through the second discharge pipe 112.

And the other side of the outer tank 110 is provided with an openable door (door: 114) to seal the inner tank 120 and the outer tank 110 together to seal the decomposition area (A) and flame zero (B) to each other Separate and seal. At this time, preferably, the door 114 may be tightly fixed with a clamp 116, and a non-combustible heat insulating material may be interposed along the inner surfaces of the door 114 and the outer tank 110 to provide a high temperature environment therein. From the outside.

Looking at the thermal decomposition process of the waste using the decomposition furnace 100, first, the user opens the door 114, put the waste in the decomposition area (A) of the inner tank 120, then closes the door 114 and clamps 116 Tightly) As a result, the decomposition area A inside the inner tank 120 and the flame area B between the inner and outer tanks 120 and 110 are separated from each other and sealed.

Subsequently, when a 'gas' inside the inner tank 120 is sucked through the first discharge pipe 122 and a vacuum is formed in the decomposition region A, fuel is supplied to the fuel inlet 132 of the burner 130 to inject the injection hole. Flame is generated from the 134, the inner tank 120 is heated and the thermal decomposition of the waste proceeds through the first discharge pipe 122 'mixed gas' generated by the thermal decomposition of the waste is continuously discharged, In addition, the 'combustion gas' according to the combustion of the fuel by the burner 130 is discharged through the second discharge pipe 112.

For the above operation, the fuel inlet 132 of the burner 130 is connected to the fuel supply unit of the pyrolysis system, which will be described later, and receives fuel, and the first discharge pipe 122 is connected to the vacuum unit of the pyrolysis system, which will be described later. It is possible to continuously withdraw the gas and the 'mixed gas', the vacuum portion is connected to the combustion furnace of the pyrolysis system described later to burn the 'gas' and 'mixed gas' into a 'complete combustion gas', and the second discharge pipe ( 112 is connected to the combustion furnace of the pyrolysis system to be described later to burn the 'combustion gas' to the 'complete combustion gas', these will be described in detail in the relevant section.

As a result, the inner tank 120 undergoes pyrolysis of the waste by maintaining a certain level of vacuum throughout the entire process from the input of the waste to the completion of pyrolysis, and when the pyrolysis is completed, the user opens the door 114. Open the inner tank 120 to remove the residual material inside the entire process is completed.

On the other hand, the burner 130 of the cracking furnace 100 according to the present invention is a conventional first fuel, such as liquefied gas or petroleum, the second fuel of the oil component generated during the thermal decomposition of the waste, and is generated during the thermal decomposition of the waste The third fuel of the gas component is used in sequence to form and maintain the flame. To this end, the fuel inlet 132 of the burner 130 is connected to a fuel supply unit of a pyrolysis system to be described later, and the fuel supply unit includes a first fuel of liquefied gas or petroleum, an oil-based second fuel generated during pyrolysis of waste, and In addition, the third fuel of the gaseous component generated during pyrolysis of the waste is collected and stored to supply the appropriate fuel to the burner 130 at an appropriate time.

In other words, a little different depending on the type of waste, assuming the case of the carcass of the animal arbitrarily, 'mixed gas' generated during pyrolysis initially contains a large amount of oil components, including water vapor, after a certain point of time From this, it can be seen that a large amount of flammable gas component is contained. Therefore, the burner 130 of the cracking furnace 100 according to the present invention uses a first fuel such as liquefied gas or petroleum to generate and maintain the first flame, and is contained in the 'mixed gas' at an appropriate time during the pyrolysis process. The oil component is used as the second fuel, and from then on, the gas component contained in the 'mixed gas' is used as the third fuel, thereby achieving low cost and high efficiency.

The fuel inlet 132 of the burner 130 is connected to the fuel supply unit for the operation, and the fuel supply unit stores the first fuel of petroleum or liquefied gas, while the liquid processing unit and the gas processing unit included in the pyrolysis system described below. Each collects the second fuel of the oil component and the third fuel of the gas component from the 'mixed gas' generated during the thermal decomposition of the waste and delivers it to the fuel supply unit. At this time, preferably the first to third fuel is sequentially supplied to the burner 130, the supply time of the first to third fuel, etc. is determined according to the internal temperature of the decomposition furnace 100 and the combustion furnace to be described later Bars will be discussed in detail in this section.

4 to 6 are an external perspective view, an internal perspective view, and a cross-sectional perspective view of the combustion furnace according to the present invention, respectively.

As can be seen, the combustion furnace 150 according to the present invention includes a first combustion tank 160, a second combustion tank 170 mounted on the first combustion tank 160, and first and second combustion tanks 160 and 170. And a combustion tube 180 connected to the second combustion tank 170 and a heating unit H and a circulation plate 190 mounted on the second combustion tank 170.

Look at each one in detail.

First, the first combustion tank 160 provides an inner sealed space as a part forming the appearance of the combustion furnace 150 according to the present invention. At this time, preferably the non-combustible heat insulating material is interposed along the inner surface of the first combustion tank 160 to separate the internal high temperature environment from the outside.

Next, the second combustion tank 170 is mounted in the first combustion tank 160 so that the first combustion region C between the first and second combustion tanks 160 and 170 and the second combustion tank 170 are located inside the second combustion tank 170. The second combustion zone (D) is divided into parts, one side of the second combustion tank 170 is provided with an outlet 172 is exposed through the outside of the first combustion tank 160.

Next, a combustion tube 180 is disposed in the first combustion region C between the first and second combustion tanks 160 and 170. One end of the combustion pipe 180 is exposed through the first combustion tank 160 to form an inlet 182 through which the combustion target gas, that is, 'gas', 'mixed gas', and 'combustion gas' is introduced. Forms a connector 184 connected to the second combustion tank 170.

At this time, preferably the combustion tube 180 is a spiral around the outer surface of the second combustion tank 170, the second combustion on the premise that the first and second combustion tanks (160, 170) show an upright cylindrical shape as shown in the figure If the outlet 172 of the tank 160 is present at the upper end, the inlet 182 of the combustion tube 180 penetrates one side of the upper end of the first combustion tank 160, and the connector 184 of the combustion tube 180 is the second It is connected to the lower end of the combustion tank (170).

A predetermined heating means (H) is disposed along the inner surface of the second combustion tank (170) to heat the first and second combustion zones (C, D) to a high temperature, and 2 Inside the combustion tank 170, the movement path of the 'gas', 'mixed gas', 'combustion gas' moving from the connector 184 of the combustion tube 180 to the outlet 172 of the second combustion tank 170 The circulation plate 190 is maximized.

In this case, the predetermined heating means may use a plurality of linear heat transfer heaters arranged vertically along the inner circumferential surface of the second combustion tank 170.

In addition, the circulation plate 190 is a plate shape disposed along the longitudinal direction of the second combustion tank 170, a plurality of penetrating along the moving direction of the 'gas', 'mixed gas', 'combustion gas' The holes 192 are sequentially penetrated, and a plurality of guide ends 194 may protrude between the plurality of through holes 192, and the odd and even numbers may face opposite directions based on the movement direction. have.

Therefore, 'gas', 'mixed gas', and 'combustion gas' introduced into the combustion tube 180 through the inlet 182 of the combustion tube 180 are the outer surfaces of the first combustion tank 170 along the combustion tube 180. In the process of returning the primary combustion by the high temperature of the first combustion zone (C), flows into the second combustion tank 170 through the connector 184 of the combustion tube 180 and then penetrates the circulation plate 190. During the zigzag movement of the circulation plate 190 by the hole 192 and the guide end 194, the secondary combustion is performed through direct contact with the high temperature and the heat generating means H of the second combustion zone D.

As a result, the gas component discharged to the outlet 172 of the second combustion tank 170 substantially becomes a 'complete combustion gas', and a large amount of 'gas' and 'mixing' generated during the waste and its pyrolysis process through its action. Gas and combustion gas are completely burned.

7 is a block diagram of a pyrolysis system using a decomposition furnace 100 and a combustion furnace 150 according to the present invention.

As can be seen, the pyrolysis system according to the present invention includes a cooling unit 200, a liquid and gas treatment unit 220 and 230, a fuel supply unit 240, a vacuum unit 250, including a decomposition furnace 100 and a combustion furnace 150. do.

Look at each one in detail.

First, since the decomposition furnace 100 and the combustion furnace 150 have been described in detail above, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts that play the same role, and thus redundant descriptions are avoided.

Next, the cooling unit 200 is a portion for cooling the 'mixed gas' generated during the pyrolysis process of the waste proceeding in the decomposition furnace 100 to separate the liquid component and the gas component, the first of the decomposition furnace 100 At least one cooling unit 202, 204, 206 connected to the outlet 122.

At this time, although there are three cooling units 202, 204 and 206, if there is sufficient cooling effect, there is no particular limitation on the quantity, and each cooling unit 202, 204 and 206 has a predetermined volume of internal space through which the 'mixed gas' passes. The tank shape in which the cooling pipe in which a refrigerant flows is arrange | positioned in the predetermined form can be shown. Therefore, the 'mixed gas' is cooled in the course of passing through at least one cooling unit 202, 204, 206, and the liquid components such as water vapor and oil contained in the 'mixed gas' are cooled through the condensation phenomenon on the outer surface of the cooling tube ( 202, 204, 206, respectively.

Since the cooling units 202, 204, 206 have been introduced in detail through the present invention No. 10-2006-0058314 by the present applicant, a separate drawing is omitted.

Next, the liquid treatment unit 220 receives the liquid components collected in each of the cooling units 202, 204, and 206, separates the water and the oil components, and delivers the oil components to the fuel supply unit 240.

The liquid treatment unit 220 for this purpose is the oil and water storage tank 222 in which the liquid component of the cooling unit 200 is stored, the oil and water separation tank 224 for separating each other using the difference in specific gravity of water and oil components, and the supernatant Oil storage tank 226 for sorting and storing the phosphorus oil component, the oil storage tank 226 is connected to the fuel supply device 240 to supply the oil component.

On the other hand, preferably in the pyrolysis system according to the present invention is an evaporator 310 for sterilizing and vaporizing the water in the oil and water separation tank 224 to a high temperature by using the high temperature of the 'complete combustion gas' discharged from the combustion furnace 150 Can be prepared.

At this time, the evaporator 310 has a structure in which a heat exchange means 312 having a coil shape in which the 'complete combustion gas' of the combustion furnace 150 flows into an internal space through which water in the oil / water separation tank 224 passes, as shown in the drawing. The water delivered from the oil / water separation tank 224 is heat-exchanged with the high temperature 'complete combustion gas' inside the evaporator 310, sterilized and vaporized with water vapor, and then cooled to a relatively low temperature. It is discharged to the outside of the evaporator 310 along with the gas. In this case, more preferably, a cooling device 212 for cooling the water vapor discharged from the evaporator 310 may be provided, and may be finally discharged through the purifier 214 and the condenser 216. For reference, the cooling device 212 may have substantially the same configuration and role as the cooling units 202, 204, and 206 of the cooling unit 200 described above.

Next, the gas processing unit 230 is a portion that is generated during the pyrolysis process of the cracking furnace 100 to compress the gas component cooled in the cooling unit 200 and deliver it to the fuel supply unit 240, the conventional compressor 232 Can be used. At this time, the role of the compressor 232 is to compress the bulky gas component to be delivered to the fuel supply unit 240 can be easily understood by those skilled in the art without detailed description.

Next, the fuel supply unit 240 is connected to the fuel inlet of the burner in the decomposition furnace so that the first fuel, which is petroleum or liquefied gas, the second fuel, which is an oil component according to the cooling of the mixed gas, and the gas according to the cooling of the mixed gas. The part which supplies a 3rd fuel which is a component.

For reference, FIG. 8 is a block diagram illustrating an example of the fuel supply unit 240, and includes first to third storage tanks 242, 244 and 26 for storing the first to third fuels, and first to third. And a control unit (not shown) for controlling the operation of the first valve assembly 248 and the first valve assembly 248 to turn on / off the connection between the storage tanks 242, 244, 246 and the fuel inlet 132.

At this time, if necessary, a separate preheating tank 245 for preheating the first to third fuels stored in each of the first to third storage tanks 242, 244 and 246 may be used to smoothly generate and maintain the flame of the burner 130. Of course, the control unit (not shown) sequentially converts the first fuel, the second fuel, the second fuel, and the third fuel based on the internal temperatures of the decomposition furnace 100 and the combustion furnace 150 to burner 130. Supplies).

That is, assuming that the waste is an animal carcass as described above, when the internal temperature of the decomposition zone A of the decomposition furnace 100 rises by 150 ° C. or more, full-scale thermal decomposition of the waste starts, and the combustion furnace 150 When the internal temperature rises above 900 ° C, the content of gaseous components in the 'mixed gas' increases more than that of oil.

Therefore, after the fuel supply unit 240 supplies the first fuel of petroleum or liquefied gas to the first burner 130 to generate a flame, the temperature of the decomposition region A inside the decomposition furnace 100 rises by 150 ° C. or more. When the oil component in the 'mixed gas' is supplied to the burner 130 to maintain the flame, and when the temperature inside the combustion furnace 150 rises above 900 ° C., the gas component in the 'mixed gas' is supplied to the burner 130. By maintaining the flame until the pyrolysis is completed, it is possible to complete the pyrolysis of waste at low cost and high efficiency.

Returning to FIG. 7 again, the vacuum unit 250 continuously sucks the 'gas' and the 'mixed gas' inside the inner tank 120 of the cracking furnace 100 to take a certain level of vacuum in the inner tank 120. In the composition and the maintenance portion, the 'gas' and 'mixed gas' drawn from the inner tank 120 is transferred to the combustion furnace 150.

The vacuum unit 250 for this purpose includes at least one vacuum tank 252, 254, 256, a vacuum pump 260, and a buffer tank 310.

At least one of the vacuum tanks (252, 254, 256) is sequentially connected to the inner tank 120 during thermal decomposition of the waste in a state in which a vacuum is formed in each of the ' The mixed gas' is drawn out, and the vacuum pump 260 draws the 'gas' of the inner tank 120 and the' mixing gas' of the vacuum tanks 252, 254, and 256 to form a vacuum in each. In addition, the 'gas' and 'mixed gas' drawn from the inner tank 120 and the vacuum tanks 252, 254 and 256 by the vacuum pump 260 are stored in the buffer tank 310 and then transferred to the combustion furnace 150.

At this time, preferably, the vacuum unit 250 includes at least one blower 290 or 310 which inflows external air into each of the vacuum tanks 252, 254 and 256 and exhausts it to the buffer tank 310, and the 'gas stored in the buffer tank 310. Flashback prevention unit 320 may be included to prevent backfire (“fire”) that may be generated during the process of transferring the 'mixed gas' to the combustion furnace 150.

In this case, the blowers 290 and 310 may include a first blower 290 for introducing external air into the vacuum tanks 252, 254, and 256, and a second blower for transferring external air introduced into the vacuum tanks 252, 254, and 256 to the buffer tank 310, respectively. The blower 300 may be parallel, and the flashback prevention unit 320 may open and close the second valve assembly that opens and closes the pipe connecting the buffer tank 310 and the combustion furnace 150 based on the internal pressure of the combustion furnace 150. 322 and the compressor 324 for injecting an inert gas into the corresponding pipe immediately before the closing operation of the second valve assembly 322 to ensure the reliability to prevent backfire.

Such a flashback prevention unit 320 is shown in detail, such as the present invention No. 10-2007-0081946 by the present applicant, and a separate description thereof will be omitted.

In addition, in the pyrolysis system according to the present invention, a plurality of valves V1 to may be used for smooth operation, and these are installed at appropriate points between the above-described components to control the movement of the fluid flowing through each.

According to the drawings, the cooling unit 200 and the first to third vacuums are based on the assumption that a valve for this purpose may be regulated in quantity and position according to its function, but is an intermittent valve for turning on / off the flow of fluid. First to third valves V1 to V3 for turning on / off the connections of the tanks 252, 254, and 256, and a fourth valve V4 for turning on / off the connection between the cooling unit 200 and the vacuum pump 260. , Fifth to seventh valves V5, V6 and V7 for turning on / off the connection between the vacuum pump 260 and the first to third vacuum tanks 252, 254 and 256, a first blower 290 and a cooling unit ( The eighth valve V8 for turning on / off the connection of the 200, and the ninth to eleventh valves V9 for turning on / off the connection of the first blower 290 and the first to third vacuum tanks 252, 254 and 256, respectively. , V10 and V11, the 12th to 14th valves V12, V13 and V14 for turning on / off the connection of the second blower 300 and the first to third vacuum tanks 252, 254 and 256, and the cooling unit ( 200 and the gas processing unit 230 is connected On / may be used, the valve 15 (V15) to off.

In addition, by installing a sixteenth valve (V16) between the oil and water storage tank 222 and the oil and water separation tank 224 of the liquid treatment unit 220, it is possible to ensure the reliability of separation of water and oil components by the oil and water separation tank. Four other filters (280) between the valve (V4) and the vacuum pump 260 to remove other foreign matter flowing into the vacuum pump, while the seventeenth valve (V17) between the filter 280 and the vacuum pump (260) The pipe line can be turned on / off through a), and the breakdown furnace may malfunction when the vacuum unit 250 malfunctions due to a power failure through the safety valve 270 between the cooling unit 200 and the fifteenth valve V15. When the inner pressure of the inner tank 120 of 100 is higher than a preset reference value, the inner tank 120 and the gas treatment unit 232 may be directly connected to each other. In addition, reference numeral V18 denotes an eighteenth valve for forming the vacuum tanks 252, 254, and 256 including the inner tank 120 of the cracking furnace 100 at atmospheric pressure.

Hereinafter, look at the operating state of the pyrolysis system according to the present invention.

8 to 12 are block diagrams sequentially illustrating a pyrolysis process of waste using a pyrolysis system according to the present invention. At this time, for convenience, the parts necessary for explanation in the drawings are shown in relatively dark colors, which substantially correspond to the movement paths of the fluids for each step.

For convenience of description, reference is made to FIGS. 2 to 8 above.

First, the waste treatment method using the pyrolysis system according to the present invention is preceded by the heating of the combustion furnace 150, and then the waste is introduced into the inner tank 120 by opening the door 114 of the decomposition furnace 110. Seal it.

Subsequently, when the temperature of the combustion furnace 150 reaches an appropriate level, for example, about 800 to 850 ° C., 'gas' is drawn out from the inner tank 120 of the decomposition furnace 100 by the operation of the vacuum pump 260 to create a vacuum. . To this end, the fourth valve V4 and the seventeenth valve V17 are turned on, and the rest of them are kept off. As a result, the 'gas' drawn out from the inner tank 120 of the decomposition furnace 100 is backfired with the filter 280, the vacuum pump 260, and the buffer tank 310 of the cooling unit 200 and the vacuum unit 250. It is transmitted to the combustion furnace 150 via the prevention unit 320.

Vacuum is also formed in the first to third vacuum tanks 252, 254, and 256 simultaneously or before and after the vacuum composition of the inner tank 120. For this purpose, all the valves V1 to V18 are turned off with the operation of the vacuum pump 260. In this state, the first to third valves V1 to V3, the fifth to seventh valves V5 to V7, and the seventeenth valve V17 are turned on. As a result, the air of each of the first to third vacuum tanks 252, 254, and 256 is drawn out to form a vacuum, and the air drawn from the first to third vacuum tanks 252, 254, and 256 is filtered out of the filter 280, the vacuum pump 260, and the buffer. The tank 310 and the flashback prevention unit 320 are delivered to the combustion furnace 150.

At this time, since the combustion furnace 150 has already reached 800 to 850 ° C. required for the complete combustion of the gas, the 'gas' and the air passing through the combustion furnace 150 are burned to the 'complete combustion gas'. After the heat exchanger 312, the cooling device 212, the purifier 214 and the condenser 216 of the evaporator 310, the final discharge in the form of purified water and purge gas (see FIG. 8 above).

Subsequently, when the inner tank 120 of the cracking furnace 100 is heated to an appropriate temperature, for example, 150 ° C. or more, thermal decomposition of the waste proceeds in earnest, and 'mixed gas' is generated to increase the internal pressure of the inner tank 120. . Accordingly, the first valve V1 is turned on while all the valves V1 to V18 are turned off, and the 'mixed gas' of the inner tank 120 is transferred to the first vacuum tank 252 through the cooling unit 200. In addition, the vacuum of the inner tank 120 is kept constant in such a manner that the internal pressures of the inner tank 120 and the first vacuum tank 252 are the same, so that continuous pyrolysis of waste is performed.

Meanwhile, during the above process, condensation occurs due to cooling of the 'mixed gas' in the cooling unit 200, so that water and oil components are collected in the oil and water storage tank 222. Through the high temperature 'combustion gas' is delivered to the combustion furnace 150.

Accordingly, when a sufficient amount of water and oil components are collected in the oil and water storage tank 222, the water and oil components are separated by being turned on and transferred to the oil / water separation tank 224. The oil is stored in the oil storage tank 226 and then supplied to the burner 130 through the fuel supply unit 240 to be used as the second fuel for maintaining the flame, and water is supplied to the evaporator 310. At this time, the heat exchanger 312 of the evaporator 310 is introduced into a high temperature 'complete combustion gas' according to the complete combustion of the 'combustion gas', as a result of the steam and the complete heat exchange between the water and the 'complete combustion gas' The combustion gas is finally discharged in the form of purified water and purge gas via the cooling device 212, the purifier 214 and the condenser 216. (See FIG. 9 above)

Subsequently, when the internal pressure of the first vacuum tank reaches a predetermined value or more, the first valve is turned off, and the fourth and sixth valves are turned on to connect the inner tank of the cracking furnace to the second vacuum tank. Accordingly, the 'mixed gas' of the inner tank 120 is transferred to the second vacuum tank 254 through the cooling unit 200, and the internal pressures of the inner tank 120 and the second vacuum tank 254 are equal. In this way, the vacuum of the inner tank 120 is kept constant, so that continuous pyrolysis of the waste is achieved.

In addition, if necessary in this step, the exhaust and re-vacuum to empty the 'mixed gas' of the first vacuum tank 252 can be made.

First, in order to exhaust the first vacuum tank 252, the eighteenth valve V18 is first turned on, and the inside of the first vacuum pump 260 is formed at atmospheric pressure. Thereafter, when the first and second blowers 290 and 300 are operated while the eighteenth valve V18 is turned off and the ninth valve V9, the first valve V1, and the twelfth valve V12 are turned on, the first vacuum tank is operated. Instead of the 'mixed gas' filled in 252 being transferred to the buffer tank 310, the first vacuum tank 252 is filled with external air.

In addition, the 'mixed gas' of the first vacuum tank 252 delivered to the buffer tank 310 is transferred to the combustion furnace through the backfire prevention unit 320 (see FIG. 10 above).

Subsequently, the 18th valve V18 and the ninth valve V9 are turned off while the first and second blowers 290 and 300 are stopped for re-vacuum of the first vacuum tank 252, and the vacuum pump ( As the 260 is operated, the fifth valve V5 and the seventeenth valve V17 are turned on. Accordingly, the air filled in the first vacuum tank 252 is transferred to the combustion furnace 150 through the buffer tank 310 and the flashback prevention unit 320 through the vacuum pump 260, the first vacuum tank 252 ) Is again vacuumed (see FIG. 11 above).

At this time, the exhaust and re-vacuum of the first vacuum tank 252 may be carried out at an appropriate step after the time when the inner tank 120 and the second vacuum tank 254 of the decomposition furnace 100 is connected, The inner tank 120 of the decomposition furnace 100 is sequentially connected to the first to third vacuum tanks 252, 254, and 256 through a process of forming a constant vacuum. Accordingly, the inner tank 120 and the third vacuum tank 256 of the decomposition furnace 100 are connected to each other in FIG. 11, and the cooling unit 200, the liquid processing unit 220, and the fuel supply unit 240 are shown. ), The evaporator 310 and the like is the same as in FIG.

On the other hand, when the temperature of the combustion furnace 150 rises above 900 ° C. during the thermal decomposition of the waste as described above, the content of the gas component is absolutely increased in the 'mixed gas'.

Accordingly, when all the valves V1 to V18 are turned off and the fifteenth valve V15 is turned on, the 'mixed gas' generated in the inner tank 120 of the decomposition furnace 100 passes through the cooling unit 200 to process the gas. Delivered to compressor 232 of unit 230. In addition, the 'mixed gas' compressed by the compressor 232 is delivered to the fuel supply unit 240 to be used as the third fuel of the burner 130, and the 'combustion gas' is completely burned in the combustion furnace 150 and then evaporator ( It is discharged to the outside through the heat exchanger 312, the cooling unit 212, the purifier 214 and the condenser 216 of 310.

Then, when all the pyrolysis of the waste is completed and generation of the 'mixed gas' is stopped, the heating of the cracking furnace 100 is stopped, and then the first and second blowers 290 and 300 and the plurality of valves V1 to V18 are properly applied. By adjusting the first to third vacuum tanks (252, 254, 256), the buffer tank 232 and the like to create an atmospheric pressure and then the external air flows to the 'mixed gas' to burn all in the combustion furnace 150. This may be fully understood through the foregoing description even if there is no separate drawing.

As a result, the ventilation and cleaning of the pyrolysis system according to the present invention are completed, and when the inner tank 170 is cooled sufficiently, the entire process is completed by removing residues such as incineration ash therein.

1 is a schematic diagram of a general waste incinerator.

Figure 2 is an external perspective view of the decomposition furnace according to the present invention.

Figure 3 is an internal perspective view of the decomposition furnace according to the present invention.

Figure 4 is an external perspective view of the combustion furnace according to the present invention.

5 is an internal perspective view of a combustion furnace according to the present invention;

6 is a sectional perspective view of a combustion furnace according to the present invention;

7 is a schematic diagram of a pyrolysis system of waste according to the present invention.

8 is an overview of a fuel supply unit according to the present invention.

9 to 12 are each a schematic diagram showing an operating state for the waste pyrolysis system according to the present invention.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100: cracking furnace 110: outer tank

112: first discharge pipe 114: door

116: clamp 120: inner tank

122: second discharge pipe 130: combustion pipe

132: fuel inlet 134: injection hole

150: combustion furnace 160: first combustion tank

170: second combustion tank 172: outlet

180: combustion tube 182: inlet

184: connector 190: circular plate

192: through hole 194: guide end

200: cooling unit 202,204,206: first to third cooling unit

212 cooling device 214 purifier

216: condenser 220: liquid treatment

222: oil and water storage tank 224: oil and water separation tank

226: oil storage tank 230: gas treatment unit

232: compressor 240: fuel supply unit

242,244,246: first to third storage tanks

245: preheat tank 248: first valve assembly

250: vacuum unit 252, 254, 256: first to third vacuum tank

260: vacuum pump 270: pressure reducing valve

280: filter 290,300: first and second blower

310: evaporator 312: heat exchanger

320: flashback prevention unit 322: the first valve assembly

324 Compressor A: decomposition zone

B: flame zone C, D: first and second combustion zones

H: heat generating means V1 to V18: first to eighteenth valves

Claims (16)

An inner tank defining a decomposition zone for pyrolysis of waste; A tubular burner disposed on an outer surface of the inner tank to provide a flame for heating the inner tank at a high temperature; An outer tank accommodating the inner tank and the burner; And The first fuel of petroleum or liquefied gas, the second fuel of the oil component generated during the pyrolysis of the waste, the third fuel of the gas component generated during the pyrolysis of the waste are stored to generate and maintain the flame. Decomposition furnace comprising a fuel supply for supplying the first to third fuel to the burner. The method according to claim 1, And the fuel supply unit supplies the burner in the order of the first fuel, the second fuel, and the third fuel. The method according to claim 1, The burner is a spiral decomposition furnace which surrounds the outer surface of the inner tank in a state where a plurality of injection holes through which the first to third fuels are injected penetrates. A closed first combustion tank; A hermetically sealed second combustion tank mounted inside the first combustion tank and having a discharge port penetrating through one side of the first combustion tank; A combustion tube disposed in the first combustion tank along an outer surface of the second combustion tank and having one end connected to one side of the first combustion tank and a second end connected to one side of the second combustion tank; Heat generating means disposed in the second combustion tank; And And a plate-shaped circulation plate mounted inside the second combustion tank to substantially extend a movement path of the combustion counterbody which is introduced into the second combustion tank and discharged to the outlet through the other end of the combustion tube. Combustion furnace. The method according to claim 4, The circulation plate may include a plurality of through holes penetrated along the moving direction of the combustion target body and between the plurality of through holes such that odd and even numbers are located opposite to each other based on the moving direction of the combustion target body. A combustion furnace comprising a plurality of guide ends projecting outwardly. The method according to claim 4, The heat generating means is a combustion furnace which is a plurality of linear heat transfer heaters arranged side by side along the inner circumferential surface of the outer tank. A cracking furnace having a burner for defining a sealed space into which waste is introduced and providing a flame for heating the sealed space; Cooling unit for separating the liquid and gas components by cooling the various gases generated during the pyrolysis of the waste; A liquid treatment unit collecting the liquid component and separating the liquid component into water and an oil component; A gas treatment unit collecting and compressing the gas component; A vacuum unit connected to the decomposition furnace via the cooling unit to create and maintain a vacuum in the decomposition furnace; A first fuel of liquefied gas or petroleum, a second fuel of the oil component, and a third fuel of the gas component are stored, and the first to third fuels are supplied to the burner for generation and maintenance of the flame. A fuel supply unit; And And a combustion furnace connected to the vacuum unit to combust the gas sucked from the decomposition furnace for the composition and maintenance of the vacuum. The method of claim 7, The decomposition furnace, An inner tank defining the sealed space; And And an outer tank accommodating the inner tank, wherein the burner is disposed in a flame space between the inner tank and the outer tank. The method according to claim 8, The combustion furnace, the pyrolysis system of the waste is connected to the flame space to combust the combustion gas of the burner. The method according to claim 9, And an evaporator which vaporizes the water generated in the liquid treatment part with water vapor using the high temperature of the gas discharged from the combustion furnace. The method according to claim 10, And at least one cooling device for cooling the water vapor and then discharging it to the outside. The method of claim 7, The vacuum unit, Two or more vacuum tanks sequentially connected to the cracking furnace; A vacuum pump which inhales the inside of the vacuum tank to create a vacuum; And And a buffer tank installed between the vacuum pump and the combustion furnace to store gas in the vacuum tank sucked through the vacuum pump and to supply the gas to the combustion furnace. The method according to claim 12, The vacuum unit, A first blower for introducing external gas into each of the vacuum tanks; A second blower interposed between the vacuum tank and the pressure regulation tank; And And pyrolysis system further comprising a flashback prevention unit interposed between the pressure regulating device and the combustion furnace. The method of claim 7, The liquid processing unit, An oil and water storage tank in which the liquid component of the cooling unit is stored; Oil and water separation tank for transmitting the liquid component to separate the water and oil components; And A pyrolysis system of a waste comprising an oil storage tank collecting the oil component and supplying the oil component to the fuel supply unit. The method of claim 7, The fuel supply unit, the pyrolysis system of the waste to supply to the burner in the order of the first fuel, the second fuel, the third fuel. The method of claim 7, The conversion point of the first fuel and the second fuel, the second fuel and the third fuel is determined according to the temperature of the combustion furnace.

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