CN101837365A - Integrated method and system of active carbon regeneration and hazardous waste incineration - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses integrated method and system of active carbon regeneration and hazardous waste incineration. The system comprises an active carbon regeneration device and a hazardous waste incineration device. In the method, hazardous wastes are in incineration treatment through a multi-section incinerator formed by a rotary kiln and a secondary combustion chamber, high temperature flue gas generated by incineration is led into a rotary active carbon regenerating furnace to provide energy needed by active carbon regeneration, organic pollutants desorbed in the regeneration process is led into the secondary combustion chamber of an incineration system through a glue gas circulation pipeline to be treated in high temperature, and incineration flue gas carries out heat recovery through a waste heat boiler and is exhausted into the atmosphere after being purified by a flue gas purification system. The invention fully utilizes the high temperature flue gas generated by incineration to provide the energy to waste active carbon regeneration, utilizes steam generated by the waste heat boiler to provide a reducing atmosphere to the regeneration process, also completely solves the normal problem of secondary pollution in the process of active carbon regeneration and lowers the investment running cost. Through the integrated design, an integration system has reasonable and compact connection, adopts mature equipment structure and has better economy.

Description

Activated carbon regenerated hazardous waste incineration integrated method and system

technical field

The invention relates to a method for harmless and resourceful treatment of solid waste, and more particularly relates to an integrated method and system for incineration of activated carbon regenerated hazardous waste.

Background technique

For activated carbon regeneration technology, common methods are: thermal regeneration method, biological regeneration method, chemical solution regeneration method, wet oxidation regeneration method, supercritical extraction regeneration method, electrochemical regeneration method, ultrasonic regeneration method, microwave irradiation regeneration method, etc. Among these methods, the heating regeneration method is the most widely used regeneration method with the longest development history.

There are many forms of heating and regeneration devices. At present, the multi-layer type, rotary type, flow type, and moving bed type are widely used at home and abroad. Most of these furnace types, such as Chinese patents CN2326922Y, CN2855526Y, CN2855527Y, and CN201223795Y, need to use high-grade energy such as primary energy or electricity as heating energy, which consumes a lot of energy, and if it is built separately, it needs to be equipped with a complete set of exhaust gas treatment. System, investment cost and operating cost are high.

The hazardous waste incineration technology based on the rotary kiln has become one of the hazardous waste disposal technologies supported by my country's environmental policy because of its high-strength destructiveness to toxic pollutants and wide adaptability to materials. The "Pollution Control Standards for Hazardous Waste Incineration" formulated by the State Environmental Protection Administration has strict regulations on the discharge of pollutants from hazardous waste incineration. Therefore, in addition to building a reasonable and scientific incineration system, the hazardous waste incineration system will also be equipped with a complete tail gas purification system. Common equipment includes deacidification towers, slaked lime and activated carbon injection devices, bag dust collectors, etc. These equipment need to use a large amount of chemicals such as slaked lime and activated carbon during operation, so the operating costs of hazardous waste incineration systems are often high.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an integrated method and system for activated carbon regeneration hazardous waste incineration, to solve the problem of high energy consumption of heating equipment in the prior art regeneration process of activated carbon, the need to build a separate tail gas treatment device, resulting in high operating investment costs, and dangerous The heat energy of the waste incineration system cannot be fully utilized and the operating cost of the tail gas purification system is relatively high.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

One, an activated carbon regeneration hazardous waste incineration integration method, the steps of the method are as follows:

1) Medical waste or other hazardous waste is fed into the rotary kiln through the hopper;

2) The rotary kiln is placed obliquely, and the inclination angle is adjustable, so that the hazardous waste can be continuously dried, pyrolyzed and incinerated in the kiln;

3) The outlet of the rotary kiln is connected to the second combustion chamber of the rotary grate, and the slag falling from the rotary kiln is further burned up and discharged through the slag discharge port at the bottom of the grate, and the heat reduction rate of the slag is <3%;

4) The flue gas and other incompletely burned pollutants produced by pyrolysis and incineration stay in the high temperature of 1100°C in the secondary combustion chamber for more than 2 seconds, so that the toxic and harmful substances can be completely decomposed;

5) The high-temperature flue gas from the secondary combustion chamber is divided into two paths, one path enters the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace through the flue gas circulation pipeline as a heat source for activated carbon regeneration, and the other path enters the waste heat boiler to generate high-temperature steam through heat exchange;

6) The high-temperature steam generated by the waste heat boiler passes through the sub-cylinder, and all the steam enters the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace to provide the required reducing atmosphere for activated carbon regeneration, and the rest of the steam is used for production and daily use;

7) The tail gas produced by the activated carbon regeneration furnace is led back to the secondary combustion chamber through the flue gas circulation pipeline, so that the desorbed organic pollutants are completely harmless at a high temperature of 1100 °C;

8) The flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler enters the quenching deacidification tower and is quenched to below 200°C, and is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney after being purified by slaked lime, activated carbon injection device and bag filter.

2. An integrated system of activated carbon regeneration hazardous waste incineration:

Including activated carbon regeneration device and hazardous waste incineration device; among them:

1) Activated carbon regeneration device: including rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace, flue gas circulation pipeline, discharge cooler and discharge storage tank; the first inlet port of rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace and the rotary grate in the hazardous waste incineration system The outlet pipe of the second combustion chamber is connected, the second inlet port of the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace is connected with the sub-cylinder in the hazardous waste incineration system, and the flue gas outlet at the tail of the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace is connected to the rotary cylinder in the hazardous waste incineration system through the flue gas pipeline. The middle part of the second combustion chamber of the grate is connected; the inlet of the discharge cooler is connected with the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace, and the outlet of the discharge cooler is connected with the discharge storage tank;

2) Hazardous waste incineration device: including hopper, rotary kiln, rotary grate secondary combustion chamber, waste heat boiler, sub-cylinder, quenching deacidification tower, slaked lime and activated carbon injection device, bag filter, induced draft fan and chimney; the hopper is set on the rotary The kiln head and the rotary kiln outlet are connected to the second combustion chamber of the rotary grate, the outlet of the second combustion chamber of the rotary grate is connected to the waste heat boiler, the outlet of the waste heat boiler is connected to the quenching deacidification tower, the outlet of the quenching deacidification tower is connected to the bag filter, and the cloth bag The outlet of the dust collector is connected to the inlet of the induced fan, and the outlet of the induced fan is connected to the chimney; the slaked lime and activated carbon injection device is connected to the horizontal pipe of the bag filter inlet, and the steam of the sub-cylinder is connected to the second inlet of the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace in the activated carbon regeneration system. , the other steam of the sub-cylinder is connected with the waste heat boiler.

The active carbon regeneration loss rate of the present invention is less than 5%, the adsorption recovery rate is 95-110% (calculated by iodine value), the regeneration time is controlled at 15-20 minutes, and the regeneration is continuous.

Compared with the background technology, the present invention has the beneficial effects of:

The invention integrates activated carbon regeneration and hazardous waste incineration system, uses the high-temperature flue gas produced by the hazardous waste incineration system as the heat source required for activated carbon regeneration, and the steam generated by the waste heat boiler provides a reducing atmosphere for the regeneration process, while the activated carbon regeneration process desorbs The organic pollutants in the hazardous waste incineration system are transported back to the secondary combustion chamber of the hazardous waste incineration system through the flue gas circulation pipeline for treatment at a high temperature of 1100 ° C, and the complete tail gas treatment system of the hazardous waste incineration system is used to make the secondary The pollution problem has been completely solved. On the one hand, the regenerated activated carbon can be used by the flue gas purification system, which reduces operating costs; on the other hand, it will create economic benefits for the hazardous waste disposal center.

Description of drawings

Accompanying drawing is the system structure diagram of the method of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace, 2. Flue gas circulation pipeline, 3. Discharge cooler, 4. Discharge storage tank, 5. Hopper, 6. Rotary kiln, 7. Rotary grate secondary combustion chamber , 8, waste heat boiler, 9, sub-cylinder, 10, quenching deacidification tower, 11, slaked lime and activated carbon injection device, 12, bag filter, 13, induced draft fan, 14, chimney.

Detailed ways

As shown in the accompanying drawings, the present invention includes an activated carbon regeneration device and a hazardous waste incineration device; wherein:

1) Activated carbon regeneration device: including rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace 1, flue gas circulation pipeline 2, discharge cooler 3 and discharge storage tank 4; the first inlet port of rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace 1 and hazardous waste incineration system The outlet of the second combustion chamber 7 of the rotary grate is connected by pipes, the second inlet port of the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace 1 is connected with the sub-cylinder 9 in the hazardous waste incineration system, and the flue gas outlet of the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace 1 passes through the flue gas The pipeline is connected to the middle part of the rotary grate secondary combustion chamber 7 in the hazardous waste incineration system; the inlet of the discharge cooler 3 is connected to the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace 1, and the outlet of the discharge cooler 3 is connected to the discharge storage tank 4;

2) Hazardous waste incineration device: including hopper 5, rotary kiln 6, rotary grate secondary combustion chamber 7, waste heat boiler 8, sub-cylinder 9, rapid cooling and deacidification tower 10, slaked lime and activated carbon injection device 11, bag filter 12, induction The fan 13 and the chimney 14; the hopper 5 is set at the kiln head of the rotary kiln 6, the outlet of the rotary kiln 6 is connected to the second combustion chamber 7 of the rotary grate, the outlet of the second combustion chamber 7 of the rotary grate is connected to the waste heat boiler 8, and the outlet of the waste heat boiler 8 is connected to Quenching deacidification tower 10, the outlet of the quenching deacidification tower 10 is connected to the bag filter 12, the outlet of the bag filter 12 is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan 13, and the outlet of the induced draft fan 13 is connected to the chimney 14; the slaked lime and activated carbon injection device 11 is connected to the inlet of the bag filter 12 The horizontal pipes are connected, one steam of the sub-cylinder 9 is connected with the second inlet of the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace 1 in the activated carbon regeneration system, and the other steam of the sub-cylinder 9 is connected with the waste heat boiler 8 .

The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

As shown in the figure, medical waste or other hazardous waste is fed into the rotary kiln 6 through the hopper 5, and the rotary kiln 6 is placed obliquely, and the rotation speed can be adjusted in the range of 0.3-8rpm, so that the hazardous waste can be continuously dried and heated in the kiln. During the process of decomposing and incinerating, the outlet of the rotary kiln 6 is connected to the second combustion chamber 7 of the rotary grate, where the slag falling from the rotary kiln 6 can be further burned, and after a sufficient residence time, it can pass through the slag outlet at the bottom of the grate The heat reduction rate of slag is less than 3%, and the flue gas and other incompletely burned pollutants produced by pyrolysis and incineration stay in the high temperature of 1100°C in the secondary combustion chamber for more than 2 seconds, so that the toxic and harmful substances can be completely decomposed and released from the rotary furnace The high-temperature flue gas from the second combustion chamber 7 is divided into two paths. One path enters the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace 1 through the flue gas circulation pipeline 2 as a heat source for activated carbon regeneration, and the other path enters the waste heat boiler 8 to generate high-temperature steam through heat exchange. The waste heat boiler The high-temperature steam generated by 8 passes through the sub-cylinder 9, and all the steam enters the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace 1 to provide the reducing atmosphere required for the regeneration of activated carbon, and the rest of the steam is used for production and daily use. The gas circulation pipeline leads to the second combustion chamber 7 of the rotary grate, so that the desorbed organic pollutants are completely harmless at a high temperature of 1100°C, and the flue gas from the outlet of the waste heat boiler 8 enters the quenching deacidification tower 10 and is quenched to below 200°C After being purified by slaked lime and activated carbon injection device 11 and bag filter 12, it is passed into chimney 14 by induced draft fan 13 and discharged into the atmosphere.

Claims (2)

1. An integrated method for activated carbon regeneration hazardous waste incineration, characterized in that the steps of the method are as follows: 1) Medical waste or other hazardous waste is fed into the rotary kiln through the hopper; 2) The rotary kiln is placed obliquely, and the inclination angle is adjustable, so that the hazardous waste can be continuously dried, pyrolyzed and incinerated in the kiln; 3) The outlet of the rotary kiln is connected to the second combustion chamber of the rotary grate, and the slag falling from the rotary kiln is further burned up and discharged through the slag discharge port at the bottom of the grate, and the heat reduction rate of the slag is <3%; 4) The flue gas and other incompletely burned pollutants produced by pyrolysis and incineration stay in the high temperature of 1100°C in the secondary combustion chamber for more than 2 seconds, so that the toxic and harmful substances can be completely decomposed; 5) The high-temperature flue gas from the secondary combustion chamber is divided into two paths, one path enters the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace through the flue gas circulation pipeline as a heat source for activated carbon regeneration, and the other path enters the waste heat boiler to generate high-temperature steam through heat exchange; 6) The high-temperature steam generated by the waste heat boiler passes through the sub-cylinder, and all the steam enters the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace to provide the required reducing atmosphere for activated carbon regeneration, and the rest of the steam is used for production and daily use; 7) The tail gas produced by the activated carbon regeneration furnace is led back to the secondary combustion chamber through the flue gas circulation pipeline, so that the desorbed organic pollutants are completely harmless at a high temperature of 1100 °C; 8) The flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler enters the quenching deacidification tower and is quenched to below 200°C, and is discharged into the atmosphere through the chimney after being purified by slaked lime, activated carbon injection device and bag filter. 2. A kind of activated carbon regeneration hazardous waste incineration integrated system according to the method of claim 1, characterized in that it comprises an activated carbon regeneration device and a hazardous waste incineration device; wherein: 1) Activated carbon regeneration device: including rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace (1), flue gas circulation pipeline (2), discharge cooler (3) and discharge storage tank (4); rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace (1) The first inlet port is connected with the outlet pipe of the rotary grate secondary combustion chamber (7) in the hazardous waste incineration system, and the second inlet port of the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace (1) is connected with the sub-cylinder (9) in the hazardous waste incineration system ), the flue gas outlet at the tail of the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace (1) is connected with the middle part of the rotary grate secondary combustion chamber (7) in the hazardous waste incineration system through the flue gas pipeline; the inlet of the discharge cooler (3) is connected to the rotary type The active carbon regeneration furnace (1) is connected, and the outlet of the discharge cooler (3) is connected with the discharge storage tank (4); 2) Hazardous waste incineration device: including hopper (5), rotary kiln (6), rotary grate secondary combustion chamber (7), waste heat boiler (8), sub-cylinder (9), quenching deacidification tower (10), slaked lime And activated carbon injection device (11), bag filter (12), induced draft fan (13) and chimney (14); Hopper (5) is arranged on rotary kiln (6) kiln head, rotary kiln (6) outlet and rotary grate The second combustion chamber (7) is connected, the outlet of the rotary grate second combustion chamber (7) is connected with the waste heat boiler (8), the outlet of the waste heat boiler (8) is connected to the quenching deacidification tower (10), and the outlet of the quenching deacidification tower (10) Connect with the bag filter (12), the outlet of the bag filter (12) is connected to the inlet of the induced draft fan (13), the outlet of the induced fan (13) is connected to the chimney (14); ) inlet horizontal pipeline, one steam of the sub-cylinder (9) is connected with the second inlet of the rotary activated carbon regeneration furnace (1) in the activated carbon regeneration system, and the other steam of the sub-cylinder (9) is connected with the waste heat boiler (8) connected.

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