KR20100052599A - Fermented alcoholic drink with the black garlic and method thereof - Google Patents

Fermented alcoholic drink with the black garlic and method thereof Download PDF

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KR20100052599A
KR20100052599A KR1020080111396A KR20080111396A KR20100052599A KR 20100052599 A KR20100052599 A KR 20100052599A KR 1020080111396 A KR1020080111396 A KR 1020080111396A KR 20080111396 A KR20080111396 A KR 20080111396A KR 20100052599 A KR20100052599 A KR 20100052599A
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black garlic
garlic
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fermentation
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류충호
김익조
강상태
김희대
이효형
이정옥
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경상대학교산학협력단
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12GWINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
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    • C12G3/02Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by fermentation
    • C12G3/026Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by fermentation with health-improving ingredients, e.g. flavonoids, flavones, polyphenols or polysaccharides, added before or during the fermentation stage; with flavouring ingredients added before or during the fermentation stage
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    • C12GWINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
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    • C12G3/04Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs
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    • C12G3/055Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by mixing, e.g. for preparation of liqueurs with health-improving ingredients, e.g. flavonoids, flavones, polyphenols or polysaccharides extracted from plants
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    • C12BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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Abstract

PURPOSE: A black garlic fermentation liquor and a method for manufacturing the same are provided to obtain traditional fermentation liquor. CONSTITUTION: A fermentation liquor containing black garlic is manufactured by adding black garlic to ferment, inoculating spawn having black garlic resistance, and fermenting. The fermentation liquor spawn is spawn of Aspergillus sp., Rhizopus sp., or Saccharomyces sp. The spawn of Saccharomyces sp. is Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The saccharification is performed at 30-40°C for 22 to 26 hours.

Description

흑마늘을 함유하는 발효주와 그 제조방법{Fermented alcoholic drink with the Black garlic and method thereof}Fermented liquor containing black garlic and its manufacturing method {Fermented alcoholic drink with the Black garlic and method

본 발명은 흑마늘을 함유하는 흑마늘 발효주 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것이다. The present invention relates to black garlic fermented liquor containing black garlic and a method for producing the same.

마늘 (Allium sativum L.)은 백합과 (Liliaceae) 알리움속 (Allium)에 속하는 다년생 구근 식물이며, 5천 년 이상 재배되어 온 인류 최초의 경작식물 중의 하나로서 예로부터 식재료는 물론 약재로 널리 복용되어왔다. 마늘이 갖고 있는 여러성분과 효능은 식품, 의학 등의 다양한 분야에서 증명되고 있으며, 근자에는 마늘을 숙성시킨 다양한 식품이 개발되고 있다.Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is a perennial bulbous plant belonging to the genus Liliumaceae Allium, and is one of the first cultivated plants of mankind that has been cultivated for more than 5,000 years. come. The various ingredients and efficacy of garlic have been proved in various fields, such as food and medicine, and in recent years, various foods that have matured garlic are being developed.

이러한 마늘은 약 수분 60%, 탄수화물(주로 fructan) 28% , 유기황화합물 2.3%, 2% 단백질(주로 allinase) 및 1.5% 섬유소 등으로 이루어져 있으며, 마늘의 독특한 맛과 향은 마늘의 유기황화합물 중의 하나인 알리신(allicin) 에 의한 것으로 알려져 있는데, 상기 알리신은 물에 대한 용해도가 매우 낮은 화합물로서, 마늘 내에서는 알리인(alliin)으로 존재하여 있다가 마늘이 상처를 입거나 분쇄를 하였 을 때 알리나제 효소에 의해서 냄새와 매운맛이 강한 알리신으로 변화된다. 또한 알리신은 실온에서 매우 불안정하여 2-16시간 만에 알리신의 성분이 절반으로 줄어들게 되고 다른 효소들의 작용에 의하여 다른 황화합물로 전환이 되어 마늘 특유의 복합적인 냄새를 야기하게 되는 것으로 알려져 있다.These garlics contain about 60% moisture, 28% carbohydrates (primarily fructan), 2.3% organic sulfur compounds, 2% protein (mainly allinase), and 1.5% fiber. Garlic's unique taste and aroma is one of garlic's organic sulfur compounds. It is known to be caused by phosphoric allicin, which is a compound with very low solubility in water, which is present in the garlic as an allin and then when the garlic is injured or crushed Enzymes change odor and spicy into strong allicin. In addition, allicin is known to be very unstable at room temperature, reducing the constituents of allicin in half in 2-16 hours and converting to other sulfur compounds by the action of other enzymes, causing a complex odor unique to garlic.

최근 마늘의 항균 및 살균작용, 항산화작용, 고혈압 강하작용, 인체소화촉진, 피부질환 및 노화 억제작용 등 약리적 특성이 밝혀져 있다(ref 1-4). 또한 유기 및 무기성분으로 알리신, 게르마늄, 셀레늄, 시스테인 등은 항균, 암세포 억제 작용 및 항 알레르기 작용이 있는 것으로 알려져 있으나(ref 5-6) 마늘의 유효성분인 알리인은 결정성 아미노산인 S-알릴-L-시스테인 설폭사이드로 마늘 조직이 파괴되면서 마늘속의 알리나제가 활성화되어 알리인이 알리신으로 분해되고 이 알리신은 다시 다이알릴 티오설피네이트(diallyl thiosulfinate)와 다이알릴 다이설파이드(diallyl disulfide) 및 저급 설파이드류로 분해되어 마늘 특유의 매운맛이 발생된다(ref 7). Recently, the pharmacological properties of garlic, such as antibacterial and bactericidal action, antioxidant activity, hypertension lowering effect, human digestion promotion, skin disease and aging inhibitory effect has been revealed (ref 1-4). In addition, allicin, germanium, selenium, and cysteine are known to have antibacterial, anticancer and antiallergic effects (ref 5-6) as an organic and inorganic ingredient, but the active ingredient of garlic is crystalline amino acid S-allyl. Destruction of garlic tissue with -L-cysteine sulfoxide activates allylase in garlic, which breaks down allylin into allicin, which in turn is diallyl thiosulfinate, diallyl disulfide and lower Decomposition into sulfides produces garlic's characteristic spicy taste (ref 7).

또한, 생마늘은 빈혈이나 체중감소, 성장장해, 혈청 단백질의 감소 등으로 식재를 제외하고는 실질적인 사용이 매우 제한적이다(ref 8-9). In addition, raw garlic has very limited practical use except for foods due to anemia, weight loss, growth disorders, and reduction of serum proteins (ref 8-9).

현재 시판되고 있는 마늘 가공품 중에 흑마늘은 마늘을 숙성시켜 얻어지는 것으로 마늘에 함유된 알리신이 분해되어 마늘 고유의 강한 향이 발생하지 않으며, 유효성분인 알린의 함량을 유지하며, 알리나아제에 의한 알리신으로의 전환을 막아 추가적인 냄새의 발생을 억제한 것이다. Among garlic products currently on the market, black garlic is obtained by ripening garlic, which does not break down allicin contained in garlic, and maintains the content of garlic, which is an active ingredient, to allicin by allinase. It prevented the conversion and suppressed the occurrence of additional smell.

이러한 흑마늘은 마늘과 그 성분에 있어 현저한 차이가 있는 것으로 알려져 있으며 그 중 알리신의 함량을 보면 흑마늘의 경우 알리신의 함량이 거의 0에 가까우며, 알린의 함량이 중량대비 10~20%(w/w)가 된다. 또한 폴리페놀의 함량도 일반적인 마늘에 비하여 3배 이상 높은 값을 유지하며, 마늘의 약 40% 고형분은 대부분 저장 다당류인 프럭탄 (fructan)과 유리당이나 흑마늘의 프럭탄은 숙성과정 중 열에 의해 90%이상 프럭토스로 분해되어 높은 유리당 함량을 가지고 있다(ref 15, 16).These black garlic is known to have a significant difference in garlic and its components. Among them, the content of allicin is almost zero in allicin, and the content of allin is 10-20% (w / w). Becomes In addition, the content of polyphenols is more than three times higher than general garlic, and about 40% of the solid content of garlic is mostly stored polysaccharide fructan and fructan of free sugar or black garlic by heat during aging process. It breaks down into fructose and has a high free sugar content (ref 15, 16).

뿐만 아니라, 이러한 흑마늘을 S-알릴시스테인과 S-알릴머캅토시스테인과 같은 항산화력이 우수한 유기 황화합물을 함유하고 있으며(ref 10-12) 테트라하이드로-β-카볼린 유도체들은 최근 강력한 과산화수소 제거 특성을 가진다고 보고된 바 있다 (ref 13-14). In addition, these black garlic contains antioxidant compounds such as S-allylcysteine and S-allylmercaptocysteine (ref 10-12), and tetrahydro-β-carboline derivatives have recently exhibited strong hydrogen peroxide removal properties. It has been reported to have (ref 13-14).

한편, 현대인들의 생활수준이 향상됨에 따라 건강에 대한 관심이 높아지면서 술의 효과와 약리 효과를 동시에 얻을 수 있는 기능성 청주, 약주에 소비자의 수요가 증가하고 있는 추세이다(ref 17). 근래에는 알콜 해독과 건강 보조 및 질병 예방 등의 기능성을 가진 약주와 인삼, 오미자, 산수유, 매실, 당귀, 상황버섯, 구기자 등 다양한 침출주 및 발효주가 연구ㆍ개발되어 그 효능이 보고되고 있다(ref 18-20). 그러나 다양한 기능성 및 생리활성 성분을 함유하고 있는 흑마늘의 연구와 이를 이용한 가공품 개발은 매우 미흡한 실정이다. On the other hand, as modern people's living standards improve, consumers' demand for functional sake and medicinal liquor, which can simultaneously achieve the effects of alcohol and pharmacological effects, is increasing (ref 17). Recently, various kinds of leaching liquor and fermented liquor such as alcohol, ginseng, Schisandra chinensis, Cornus, plum, Angelica, Sichuan mushroom, and Gojija have been researched and developed. -20). However, research on black garlic containing various functional and physiologically active ingredients and development of processed products using the same have been insufficient.

흑마늘은 발효를 통해 자극적 성분들을 완화시키고(ref 21), 유리당 함량이 높아 이를 첨가하여 발효시킨 흑마늘 발효주는 고농도 알콜 생성에 효과가 있을 것으로 생각되며 여러 가지 생리활성 성분으로 기능성이 있는 전통 발효주를 제조함으로써 외국 주류와도 경쟁할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.Black garlic fermented by stimulating the irritating ingredients (ref 21), high free sugar content of black garlic fermented liquor is expected to be effective in the production of high concentration alcohol, and the production of traditional fermented liquor with various biologically active ingredients By doing so, it will be able to compete with foreign liquor.

이에 본 발명자들은 건강 기능성 흑마늘 발효주를 개발하기 위하여 흑마늘 발효 내성 효모를 선별하고, 발효주로 제조하기에 적절한 첨가 농도를 확인하고 품질 특성을 조사하여 본 발명을 완성하기에 이르렀다. Therefore, the present inventors screened the black garlic fermentation resistant yeast in order to develop a healthy functional black garlic fermented liquor, and confirmed the addition concentration suitable for preparing the fermented liquor and investigated the quality characteristics to complete the present invention.

본 발명의 목적은 흑마늘을 함유하는 발효주의 제조방법을 제공하고자 하는 것이다. An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing fermented wine containing black garlic.

또한, 본 발명의 다른 목적은 상기의 방법에 의해 제조된 흑마늘 함유 발효주를 제공하고자 하는 것이다.In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a black garlic-containing fermented wine prepared by the above method.

상기한 본 발명의 과제를 해결하기 위하여, 본 발명은 흑마늘을 함유하는 발효주의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 흑마늘 함유 발효주를 제공한다.In order to solve the above problems of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for producing a fermented wine containing black garlic and a black garlic-containing fermented wine produced thereby.

이하, 본 발명을 자세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

본 발명의 일 양태에 의하면, 본 발명의 흑마늘 함유 발효주를 제조하기 위 하여, 약주 제조용 쌀을 세척하여 물에 침지한 후 물을 뺀 다음, 증자 및 냉각하여 고두밥을 제조하였다. 제조한 고두밥에 파쇄한 흑마늘을 각각 전체 중량 대비 0, 1, 3, 5% 첨가하여 물과 쌀국을 첨가하여 35℃에서 당화시켰다. 당화 24시간 후 YM 액체 배지에 순수 분리한 흑마늘 내성 효모를 접종하여 25℃에서 14일간 발효시켰다.According to one aspect of the present invention, in order to manufacture the black garlic-containing fermented wine of the present invention, after washing the rice for producing medicinal herbs, immersed in water and then subtracted water, and then cooked and cooked Gouda rice. The black garlic crushed in the prepared gourd rice 0, 1, 3, 5% was added, water and rice soup were added and saccharified at 35 ° C. After 24 hours of saccharification, YM liquid medium was inoculated with purely black garlic resistant yeast and fermented at 25 ° C. for 14 days.

따라서, 본 발명은 술덧에 흑마늘을 첨가하여 당화시킨 후, 흑마늘 내성을 갖는 발효주 종균을 접종하여, 발효시킴을 특징으로 하는 흑마늘 함유 발효주의 제조방법을 제공한다. 바람직하게는 상기 흑마늘은 술덧 전체의 중량 대비 1 내지 5 % 첨가하는 것이 좋다.Accordingly, the present invention provides a method for producing black garlic-containing fermented wine, characterized in that the saccharification by adding black garlic to sake, inoculating the fermentation strain spawn resistant to black garlic. Preferably, the black garlic is preferably added in an amount of 1 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of syrup.

본 명세서에서 사용된 용어 "술덧"은 밑술, 입국, 곡자 또는 효소제와 괘미(掛米 : 덧밥)를 담금급수에 첨가한 전체 물료를 말하는 것이다. 통상 술덧은 입국, 곡자, 효소제 등의 효소작용으로 증미를 당화시킴과 동시에 효소의 왕성한 발육에 따라 주정발효를 영위시키는 것을 목적으로 제조하는 것이다. As used herein, the term "sulphur" refers to the entire material added to the immersion water base, entry, grain or enzyme and gwami (미 米: rice). Usually, sake is prepared for the purpose of saccharifying saccharification by enzymatic action such as entry, grain, enzyme, etc. and at the same time conducting alcohol fermentation according to the vigorous development of enzyme.

또한 상기 발효주 종균은 아스페르길루스 속(Aspergillus sp.)의 종균, 리조푸스속(Rhizopus sp.)의 종균, 사카로마이세스 속(Saccharomyces sp.)의 종균 등을 사용할 수 있으며, 가장 바람직하게는 사카로마이세스 속(Saccharomyces sp.)의 종균 중, 사카로마이세스 세르비시애 (Saccharomyces cervisiae) 를 사용하는 것이 좋다. Also, the fermentation strain can be used as a seed of the genus Aspergillus sp . , A seed of the genus Rhizopus sp . , A seed of the genus Saccharomyces sp . , And most preferably. it is recommended to use the My process Sergio bicyclic Ke (Saccharomyces cervisiae), during, saccharose seed of my process in (Saccharomyces sp.) as a saccharide.

한편, 본 발명의 일 실시예에서는 상기 흑마늘 발효주의 적합한 효모를 분리하기 위하여, 흑마늘 농도를 전체배지 중량 대비 각각 0, 1, 3, 5, 10% 로 조절한 후 흑마늘 내성 유무를 확인한 결과 1%의 흑마늘을 함유한 배지에서 가장 높은 생육을 보였다. 그러나 흑마늘의 농도가 증가함에 따라 효모의 생육이 급격하게 감소하여 10%의 흑마늘을 함유한 배지에서는 효모가 생육하지 못하였으며 5%의 흑마늘을 함유한 배지에서 생육한 효모를 순수 배양하여 흑마늘 발효주의 종균으로 사용하였다. On the other hand, in one embodiment of the present invention, in order to separate the suitable yeast of the black garlic fermented strain, after adjusting the black garlic concentration to 0, 1, 3, 5, 10% of the total medium weight, respectively, 1% as a result of confirming the presence of black garlic resistance The highest growth was observed in the medium containing black garlic. However, as the concentration of black garlic increased, the growth of yeast drastically decreased, and yeast did not grow in the medium containing 10% black garlic, and yeast grown in the medium containing 5% black garlic was purely cultured. Used as spawn.

따라서, 가장 바람직하게는 상기 사카로마이세스 세르비시애 (Saccharomyces cervisiae)는 3 ~ 5% 농도의 흑마늘 첨가 배지에서 분리한 것을 배양하여 사용한다. Therefore, most preferably, Saccharomyces cervisiae is used by culturing the isolate from the black garlic addition medium at a concentration of 3 to 5%.

또한, 본 발명의 흑마늘 함유 발효주의 제조에 있어서, 상기 당화는 30 ~ 40 ℃에서 22 ~ 26 시간 동안 이루어지는 것이 바람직하며, 상기 발효는 22 ~ 28 ℃에서 5 ~ 20 일 동안 이루어지는 것이 좋다. In addition, in the production of black garlic-containing fermented wine of the present invention, the saccharification is preferably made for 22 to 26 hours at 30 to 40 ℃, the fermentation is preferably made for 5 to 20 days at 22 to 28 ℃.

본 발명의 일 실시예에 의하면, 상기 발효시간에 따른 흑마늘 함유 발효주는 pH4 이하의 수준을 유지하며, 다만, 발효 초기 당화과정에 의한 환원당 함량은 흑마늘 첨가농도가 높을수록 높게 나타났다가 발효가 진행됨에 따라 급격하게 감소함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한, 상기 발효기간 중 알코올 함량은 흑마늘을 함유하는 경우 발효초기 0%를 나타내었으나, 이후 19~20% 까지 급격하게 증가하여 고농도 알콜생성이 가능하게 됨을 확인할 수 있었다. According to one embodiment of the present invention, the black garlic-containing fermented liquor according to the fermentation time maintains a level of pH 4 or less, except that the reducing sugar content of the initial saccharification process is higher as the black garlic added concentration increases and then fermentation proceeds. As a result it was confirmed that the sharp decrease. In addition, the alcohol content during the fermentation period was 0% when the fermentation contains black garlic, but it was confirmed that it is possible to produce a high concentration of alcohol by increasing rapidly up to 19 ~ 20%.

본 발명의 다른 양태에 의하면, 본 발명은 상기의 방법에 의해 제조된 흑마늘 함유 발효주를 제공한다. 본 발명에 의한 흑마늘 함유 발효주는 항산화활성을 가짐을 특징으로 한다.According to another aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a black garlic-containing fermented liquor produced by the above method. Black garlic-containing fermented liquor according to the present invention is characterized by having an antioxidant activity.

본 발명의 일 실시예에서는, 흑마늘 첨가량을 달리하여 제조한 발효주의 DPPH 라디칼 소거 활성, 전체 폴리페놀 및 피루브산 함량을 비교한 결과 흑마늘 첨가농도가 증가함에 따라 각각의 활성 및 함량이 높게 나타남을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 흑마늘 함유 발효주의 주요 유기산은 수산, 사과산, 젖산, 구연산이며 수산, 구연산 및 사과산은 흑마늘 첨가 함량이 높을수록 낮게 나타난 반면, 젖산의 함량이 증가하여, 본 발명의 흑마늘 함유 발효주는 발효주의 신맛에 좋은 영향을 줄 수 있다. In one embodiment of the present invention, as a result of comparing the DPPH radical scavenging activity, the total polyphenol and pyruvic acid content of fermented strains prepared by varying the amount of black garlic added, it can be seen that the activity and content of each was increased as the black garlic added concentration was increased. there was. In addition, the main organic acids of black garlic-containing fermented liquor are fish, malic acid, lactic acid, citric acid, while fish, citric acid and malic acid are lower with higher content of black garlic, while the content of lactic acid is increased, so that the black garlic-containing fermented liquor of the present invention has a sour taste. It can have a good effect.

아울러, 본 발명의 일 실시예에서는 제조된 흑마늘 함유 발효주의 관능검사를 통하여 색, 맛, 향에 대한 기호도가 1~3%의 흑마늘을 첨가했을 때 가장 높게 나타남을 확인할 수 있었다. In addition, in one embodiment of the present invention through the sensory test of the prepared black garlic-containing fermented wine it was confirmed that the highest degree of preference for the color, taste, and aroma when 1 ~ 3% of black garlic is added.

상기에서 설명한 바와 같이, 본 발명은 흑마늘을 함유하는 발효주의 제조방법 및 이에 의해 제조된 흑마늘 함유 발효주를 제공할 수 있으며, 이를 통해 흑마늘의 다양한 기능성을 가지면서도 대중적인 전통 발효주를 제공할 수 있다. As described above, the present invention can provide a method for producing a fermented wine containing black garlic and a fermented wine containing black garlic produced thereby, thereby providing a popular traditional fermented wine while having various functionalities of black garlic.

이하 본 발명을 실시예를 통하여 보다 상세하게 설명한다. 그러나, 이들 실시예는 본 발명을 예시적으로 설명하기 위한 것으로 본 발명의 범위가 이들 실시예 에 한정되는 것은 아니다. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to Examples. However, these examples are for illustrative purposes only and the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples.

실시예 1: 재료 및 방법Example 1: Materials and Methods

1-1 재료1-1 materials

약주 제조용 현미는 경남 진주지방에서 생산되는 것을 단위농협에서 구입하여 도정기로 15%를 도정하여 원료미로 사용하였고 쌀국은 경남 진주막걸리에서 고두밥에 Aspergillus kawachii를 배양시켜 제조한 것을 사용하였다. 흑마늘은 덕산식품으로부터 경남 남해 지역에서 생산된 마늘을 숙성시켜 가공한 것을 구입하여 파쇄한 다음 사용하였다.Brown rice for Yakju was produced from Gyeongnam Jinju and purchased from the Unit Agricultural Cooperative, and was used as a raw rice by cutting 15% of the mill . Black garlic was purchased from Deoksan Foods, aged in Gyeongnam Namhae, and processed and crushed.

1-2 흑마늘 내성 효모의 분리1-2 Isolation of Black Garlic Resistant Yeast

본 발명의 흑마늘주를 제조하기 위하여 YM(Difco, USA) 액체배지에 흑마늘을 전체 중량 대비 각각 0, 1, 3, 5, 10%로 달리하고, 각각의 액체배지에 사카로마이세스 세르비시애 (Saccharomyces cervisiae, 청주용 효모)를(삭제) 24시간 진탕배양(30℃, 190rpm)하였다. 이를 PDA(Difco, USA)평판배지에 도말하여 30℃에서 24시간 배양한 후 흑마늘 내성 유무를 확인하였다. 그 결과는 다음 표와 같다. In order to prepare the black garlic wine of the present invention, black garlic was added to YM (Difco, USA) liquid medium. Variation of 0, 1, 3, 5, and 10% of the total weight, respectively, Saccharomyces cervisiae (removing yeast for sake) in each liquid medium (removed) 24 hours shaking culture (30 ℃, 190 rpm). This was plated on a PDA (Difco, USA) flat medium and incubated at 30 ° C. for 24 hours to determine whether black garlic was resistant. The results are shown in the following table.

흑마늘 농도에 따른 흑마늘 내성 효모의 성장Growth of Black Garlic-Resistant Yeast with Black Garlic Concentration YM+YM +
0% 0% 1)One) BGBG
YM+YM +
1% BG1% BG
YM+YM +
3% BG3% BG
YM+YM +
5% BG5% BG
YM+YM +
10% BG10% BG
CFU log/mlCFU log / ml 7.94±0.147.94 ± 0.14 8.60±0.028.60 ± 0.02 7.40±0.047.40 ± 0.04 2.60±0.012.60 ± 0.01 2)ND 2) ND

1) Symbols: BG, Black garlic1) Symbols: BG, Black garlic

2) Symbols: ND, No detected2) Symbols: ND, No detected

상기 표에서 확인할 수 있는 바와 같이, 흑마늘을 첨가하지 않은 배지에서 생육한 효모는 7.94 CFU log/㎖로 나타났으나 1%의 흑마늘을 함유한 배지에서는 8.60 CFU log/㎖로 흑마늘을 함유하지 않은 배지보다 다소 높게 나타났다. 그러나 3, 5, 10%의 흑마늘을 함유한 배지에서 흑마늘의 농도가 증가함에 따라 효모의 생육이 급격하게 감소하였으며 10%의 흑마늘을 함유한 배지에서는 효모가 생육하지 못하는 것으로 나타났다. As can be seen from the table, the yeast grown in the medium without black garlic was found to be 7.94 CFU log / ㎖, but in the medium containing 1% black garlic medium did not contain black garlic at 8.60 CFU log / ㎖ It was somewhat higher. However, as the concentration of black garlic increased in the medium containing 3, 5, and 10% of black garlic, the growth of yeast decreased rapidly, and in the medium containing 10% of black garlic, yeast did not grow.

이는 마늘의 살균작용에 의해 효모의 생육이 저해되었을 것으로 사료되며 5%의 흑마늘을 함유한 배지에서 생육가능한 효모의 콜로니를 순수 배양하여 흑마늘을 발효주의 종균으로 사용하였다.It was thought that the growth of yeast was inhibited by the bactericidal action of garlic, and black garlic was used as a seed of fermented strain by pure culture of yeast colonies grown in a medium containing 5% black garlic.

1-3 흑마늘주 제조1-3 Manufacture of Black Garlic Wine

20ℓ의 용기에 약주 제조용 쌀 4㎏을 각각 세척하여 3시간 물에 침지한 후 물을 빼고 121℃에서 30분간 증자 후 25℃에서 냉각하여 고두밥을 제조하였다. 제조한 고두밥에 물 9600㎖ 및 쌀국 1.5㎏을 첨가하고, 파쇄한 흑마늘을 전체 중량대비 각각 0, 1, 3, 5% 첨가하여 35℃에서 당화시켰다. 당화 24시간 후 YM 액체 배지에 순수 분리한 흑마늘 내성 효모 150㎖ 접종하여 25℃에서 14일간 발효시켰다.4 kg of rice for medicinal preparation was washed in a 20-l container, soaked in water for 3 hours, and the water was removed. 9600 ml of water and 1.5 kg of rice soup were added to the prepared soybean rice, and the crushed black garlic was added to 0, 1, 3, and 5% of the total weight, respectively, and saccharified at 35 ° C. After 24 hours of saccharification, 150 ml of black garlic-resistant yeast purely separated into YM liquid medium was fermented at 25 ° C. for 14 days.

실시예 2: 성분분석Example 2: Component Analysis

2-1 성분분석 방법2-1 Component Analysis Method

흑마늘 첨가 농도를 달리하여 제조한 발효주를 14일 동안 발효시키면서 24시간 간격으로 pH와 환원당, 알코올 함량을 조사하였다. The fermentation strain prepared by varying the concentration of black garlic was fermented for 14 days, and the pH, reducing sugar, and alcohol content were examined at 24 hour intervals.

(1) pH는 pH meter(Orion 420A, USA)로 측정하였다. (1) pH was measured with a pH meter (Orion 420A, USA).

(2) 환원당은 다이니트로살리실산 (dinitrosalicylic acid, DNS)법(22)으로 시료 1㎖에 다이니트로살리실산 1㎖을 첨가하고 100℃에서 5분간 반응시킨 다음 증류수 8㎖를 가한 후 540㎚에서 흡광도를 측정하였다. (2) For reducing sugar, add 1 ml of dinitrosalicylic acid to 1 ml of the sample by the dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method (22), react for 5 minutes at 100 ° C, add 8 ml of distilled water, and absorb absorbance at 540 nm. Measured.

(3) 알코올 함량은 AOAC법(ref 23)에 따라 시료 100㎖를 증류한 후 15℃에서 주정계를 이용하여 알코올 함량을 측정하였다. (3) Alcohol content was measured by distilling 100ml of the sample according to the AOAC method (ref 23) using a spirit gauge at 15 ℃.

2-2 성분분석 결과2-2 Component Analysis Results

(1) 발효시간에 따른 pH 변화 (1) pH change according to fermentation time

흑마늘 첨가 농도를 달리하여 발효시킨 흑마늘 발효주의 pH를 측정한 결과를 도1에 나타내었다. 담금 직후 모든 흑마늘 첨가구에서 pH가 발효 5일까지 감소하였으나 이후 발효시간이 경과함에 따라 증가하는 경향을 보였으며 흑마늘 농도와 관계없이 대부분 pH 4.0 이하로 유지되는 것으로 나타났다. The results of measuring the pH of black garlic fermented strain fermented with different concentrations of black garlic added are shown in FIG. 1. Immediately after soaking, the pH of all black garlic added groups decreased until 5 days of fermentation, but then increased with the passage of fermentation time. Most of them remained below pH 4.0 regardless of black garlic concentration.

이는 발효가 진행됨에 따라 발효 5일까지는 술덧에 생육하는 미생물의 유기산 생성이 증가하여 pH가 감소하는 것으로 생각되며 이후 발효 6일부터 pH가 증가하는 것은 생성된 유기산과 알코올이 서로 반응하여 에스테르와 같은 향미성분의 생성에 의한 것으로 판단된다(ref 27). It is thought that as fermentation progresses, the pH of the organic acid of microorganisms grown on rice bran increases until the fifth day of fermentation, and then the pH decreases. It is judged by the generation of the flavor component (ref 27).

또한 이는 Jang 등(ref 17)에서도, 시판 약주의 pH가 발효 초기부터 4일이 경과될 때까지 낮아지는 경향이었고, 숙성기간 중에 pH 4.0 이하로 안정된 상태를 유지한다고 보고하여 본 발명과 유사한 수준이다.In addition, in Jang et al. (Ref 17), the pH of commercial yakju tended to decrease from the beginning of fermentation until 4 days passed, and it was reported that it maintained a stable state below pH 4.0 during the ripening period, similar to the present invention. .

(2) 발효 시간에 따른 환원당 함량 (2) reducing sugar content according to fermentation time

도 2는 발효 시간에 따른 흑마늘 발효주의 환원당 함량 변화를 나타낸 것이다. 발효 초기 당화과정에 의한 환원당 함량은 흑마늘 첨가 농도가 높을수록 높게 나타났으며 발효가 진행됨에 따라 급격하게 감소하였다. Figure 2 shows the change in reducing sugar content of black garlic fermented wine with fermentation time. Reducing sugar content by the saccharification process of the early fermentation was higher as the concentration of black garlic added, and decreased rapidly as fermentation progressed.

즉 발효 1일째 5%의 흑마늘을 첨가한 구에서 15.82%로 가장 높게 나타내었으며 발효시간이 경과함에 따라 다른 흑마늘 첨가구에 비해 낮게 나타났다. 또한 발효 8일째의 모든 흑마늘 첨가구 발효주와 대조구 발효주에서 최소값을 나타내었으며 이후 첨가 농도에 따른 유의적인 차는 없었다. In other words, the highest fermentation time was 15.82% in 5% black garlic added on the first day of fermentation. At the 8th day of fermentation, the black garlic added and control fermented strains showed the minimum values, and there was no significant difference according to the added concentrations.

한편, Kim 등(ref 28)은 오가피 추출물을 첨가하여 제조한 발효주에서 환원당 함량이 대조구에 비해 오가피 첨가구에서 27.84%로 가장 높게 나타났으며 발효 6일부터 변화가 없었다고 보고한 바 있다. 이는 본 발명과는 다소 차이를 보이나, 이러한 차이는 약주 제조방법의 차이에 의한 것으로 사료되며 초기 환원당 함량의 90% 이상 감소한 결과는 일치함을 확인할 수 있었다.On the other hand, Kim et al. (Ref 28) reported that the content of reducing sugar in fermented liquor prepared by adding Ogapi extract was 27.84% higher in Ogapi added compared to the control, and there was no change from 6 days of fermentation. This is somewhat different from the present invention, this difference is believed to be due to the difference in the manufacturing method of the medicine and it was confirmed that the result of more than 90% reduction of the initial reducing sugar content is consistent.

(3) 발효시간에 따른 알코올 함량 (3) Alcohol content according to fermentation time

흑마늘 발효주의 발효기간 중 알코올 함량 변화는 도 3과 같이 발효가 진행됨에 따라 모든 흑마늘 첨가구에서 발효 초기 0%를 나타내었으며 발효 9일후 까지 급격하게 증가하였다. 발효 10일 후부터 완만하게 증가하여 발효 완료시 19~20%의 알코올 함량을 나타내었으며 흑마늘 첨가 농도가 증가함에 따라 높게 나타났다. 이는 흑마늘 중의 유리당이 발효중 효모의 영양원으로 이용되었으며 흑마늘 내성분리 효모가 흑마늘의 성장 억제 성분들에 적응하면서 알코올 발효가 적절하게 일어난 것으로 판단된다. During fermentation period of black garlic fermented wine, alcohol content changes as shown in Fig. 3, the initial fermentation was 0% in all black garlic added groups and increased rapidly until 9 days after fermentation. After 10 days of fermentation, it slowly increased and showed 19 ~ 20% alcohol content at the completion of fermentation. This means that free sugar in black garlic was used as a nutrient source for yeast during fermentation, and alcohol fermentation was properly performed as black garlic resistant isolate yeast adapted to growth inhibitory components of black garlic.

이러한 결과는 Kim 등(ref 28)의 오가피 추출물을 첨가한 약주의 알코올 함량은 발효초기에 급격히 증가하고 발효 중반부터 완만히 증가하였으며 오가피 추출물 첨가구가 대조구에 비해 다소 높게 나타난 결과가 본 실시예의 결과와 일치하였다. These results indicate that the alcohol content of Yakju added with Ogapi extract of Kim et al. (Ref 28) increased rapidly at the beginning of fermentation and slowly increased from the middle of fermentation. Matched.

또한, 술덧은 발효 중 누룩의 당화효소에 의해 전분이 분해되어 생성된 당을 효모가 이용해서 알코올을 생성하고, Jin 등(ref 29)은 알코올이 약주의 보존성이나 향미에 영향을 주는 중요한 성분으로 술덧 중 알코올 함량은 다소 높아야 한다고 보고하였는 바, 본 실시예의 결과 시판 약주들에 비해 알코올 함량이 높아 보존성과 향미 증대에 중요한 역할을 할 것으로 사료된다.In addition, yeast produces alcohol by using sugars produced by degrading starch by yeast saccharifying enzyme during fermentation. Jin et al. (Ref 29) indicate that alcohol is an important ingredient that affects the preservation and flavor of alcohol. It was reported that alcohol content should be rather high, so that the alcohol content is higher than commercial medicines, which may play an important role in preservation and flavor enhancement.

실시예 3: 흑마늘 발효주의 품질 특성Example 3: Quality Characteristics of Black Garlic Fermented Wine

3-1 품질특성 측정 방법3-1 Measuring Quality Characteristics

흑마늘을 첨가하여 제조한 발효주의 DPPH 자유라디칼 소거활성과, 최종 발효된 흑마늘 발효주의 첨가 농도에 따른 유기산, 피루브산 및 전체 폴리페놀 함량을 각각 측정하였다. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity of fermented strains prepared by adding black garlic and organic acid, pyruvic acid and total polyphenol contents were measured according to the concentration of the final fermented black garlic fermented strain, respectively.

(1) 흑마늘 발효주의 유기산 함량은 시료를 원심분리(8,000ㅧg, 10min.)하여 균체를 제거한 후 60% 과염소산 (perchloric acid)를 50㎕를 첨가하여 0.22㎛ 멤브레인 필터 (Millipore, USA)로 여과하였다. Sep-pak C18(Waters Co. USA)로 여액에서의 색소 및 단백질 성분을 제거한 후 HPLC로 분석하였으며 분석 조건은 다음 표에 나타내었다. (1) The organic acid content of black garlic fermented liquor was centrifuged (8,000 ㅧ g, 10min.) To remove the cells, and then filtered by 0.22㎛ membrane filter (Millipore, USA) by adding 50µl of 60% perchloric acid. It was. Sep-pak C18 (Waters Co. USA) removed the pigment and protein components in the filtrate and analyzed by HPLC. The analysis conditions are shown in the following table.

조건Condition 컬럼 (Column)Column Supelcogel C-610HSupelcogel C-610H 이동상 (Mobile phase)Mobile phase 0.1% phosphoric acid0.1% phosphoric acid 검출기 (Detector)Detector 214 nm214 nm 유량 (Flow rate)Flow rate 0.5 ml/분0.5 ml / min 주입 부피 (Injection volume)Injection volume 50 ㎕50 μl 이동 시간 (Running time)Running time 30 분30 minutes

(2) 피루브산 함량은 시료 1㎖에 0.0125%의 2, 4-다이니트로페닐히드라진 (4-dinitrophenylhydrazine, DNPH)용액 3㎖를 첨가하여 37℃에서 10분간 반응시킨 다음 0.6N NaOH 5㎖를 첨가하여 반응을 정지시켜 즉시 420㎚에서 흡광도를 측정하였으며 피루브산 (Sigma, USA) 을 표준용액으로 사용하였다. (2) Pyruvic acid content was added to 3 ml of 2, 4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) solution of 0.0125% in 1 ml of the sample, reacted at 37 ° C for 10 minutes, and then 5 ml of 0.6N NaOH was added. The reaction was stopped and the absorbance was immediately measured at 420 nm, and pyruvic acid (Sigma, USA) was used as a standard solution.

(3) 또한 전체 폴리페놀 함량은 Folin-Denis법(ref 24)으로 측정하였다. 25배로 희석한 시료 5㎖에 Folin 시약 5㎖를 가하고 3분간 정치한 다음 10% Na2CO3 5㎖ 용액을 가하여 잘 혼합한 후 1시간 동안 정치하고 spectrophometer(UV-1601, Shimadzu, Japan)를 사용하여 760㎚에서 흡광도를 측정하였다. 표준물질로는 (+)catechin(Sigma, USA)을 사용하였다. (3) The total polyphenol content was also measured by the Folin-Denis method (ref 24). To 5 ml of 25-fold diluted sample, 5 ml of Folin reagent was added and allowed to stand for 3 minutes. After 5 ml of 10% Na2CO3 solution was added and mixed well, the mixture was allowed to stand for 1 hour and 760 using a spectrophometer (UV-1601, Shimadzu, Japan). Absorbance was measured at nm. (+) Catechin (Sigma, USA) was used as a standard.

(4) 흑마늘을 첨가하여 제조한 발효주의 DPPH 자유라디칼 소거활성은 Kilani 등(ref 25)의 방법에 의하여 측정하였다. 즉 시료 1㎖에 DPPH(0.2㎜)용액을 2㎖ 첨가하여 실온에서 30분간 반응시키고 517㎚에서 흡광도를 측정하였다. 자유라디칼 소거 활성을 다음과 같이 계산하였다. (4) DPPH free radical scavenging activity of fermented strains prepared by adding black garlic was measured by the method of Kilani et al. (Ref 25). That is, 2 ml of DPPH (0.2 mm) solution was added to 1 ml of the sample, reacted at room temperature for 30 minutes, and the absorbance was measured at 517 nm. Free radical scavenging activity was calculated as follows.

Activity saverging(%) = (1-A1/A0) × 100Activity saverging (%) = (1-A1 / A0) × 100

A1 : 시료 처리군의 흡광도A1: absorbance of the sample treatment group

A0 : 시료 대조군의 흡광도A0: absorbance of the sample control

3-2 흑마늘 발효주의 품질특성3-2 Quality Characteristics of Black Garlic Fermented Wine

흑마늘 첨가량을 달리하여 제조한 발효주의 DHHP 라디칼 소거활성, 전체 폴리페놀 및 피루브산 함량을 비교한 결과를 표 3에 나타냈었다.Table 3 shows the results of comparing DHHP radical scavenging activity, total polyphenols and pyruvic acid content of fermented strains prepared by varying the amount of black garlic.

흑마늘 첨가 비율(%)Black garlic addition rate (%) 00 1One 33 55 소거활성 (%)Scavenging activity (%) 52.02±0.5152.02 ± 0.51 64.02±0.3264.02 ± 0.32 66.21±0.1366.21 ± 0.13 69.55±0.2269.55 ± 0.22 피루브산함량Pyruvate content
(umol/g)(umol / g)
0.53±0.030.53 ± 0.03 0.55±0.080.55 ± 0.08 0.59±0.060.59 ± 0.06 0.68±0.100.68 ± 0.10
전체 폴리페놀 함량Total polyphenol content
(mg%)(mg%)
161.51±3.50161.51 ± 3.50 169.92±2.83169.92 ± 2.83 177.06±1.52177.06 ± 1.52 190.50±3.69190.50 ± 3.69

(1) 피루브산 (Pyruvic acid)은 마늘의 주요 향기성분의 전구물질인 알린이 알리나제에 의하여 분해되어 생성되는 최종산물로 마늘의 매운 맛 성분 함량을 나타낸다 (ref 35,36). 흑마늘의 첨가 농도가 증가함에 따라 피루브산의 함량이 다소 증가하는 경향은 보였으나 흑마늘을 첨가하지 않은 대조구 발효주와 비교하여 큰 차이는 보이지 않았다. 이는 첨가되는 흑마늘에서 피루브산이 발효과정 중 용출되어 함량이 다소 증가하는 것으로 생각된다. (1) Pyruvic acid (Pyruvic acid) is the final product produced by the degradation of allin, a precursor of garlic's main fragrance, by alinase, which indicates the spicy taste of garlic (ref 35, 36). As the concentration of black garlic increased, the content of pyruvic acid increased slightly, but there was no significant difference compared to the control fermented wine without black garlic. It is thought that pyruvic acid eluted during fermentation in the black garlic to be added to increase the content slightly.

또한, Choi 등(ref 16)의 생마늘과 흑마늘의 피루브산 함량은 각각 188.47, 277.85 umol/g으로 보고하여 본 실시예의 결과와 다소 차이를 보였으나, 이는 흑마늘 발효주 제조시 첨가되는 흑마늘의 함량이 1~5%로 매우 적기 때문으로 사료된다.In addition, the pyruvate content of raw garlic and black garlic of Choi et al. (Ref 16) was reported to be 188.47 and 277.85 umol / g, respectively, but the results were slightly different from those of the present example. It is considered to be very small at 5%.

따라서 대조구 발효주와 흑마늘 첨가 발효주의 피루브산의 함량에 유의적인 차이를 보이지 않아 흑마늘을 첨가하여 제조된 발효주의 향에 큰 영향을 미치지 않을 것으로 판단된다.Therefore, the control fermented wine and black garlic added fermented wine did not show a significant difference in the content of pyruvic acid is not likely to have a significant effect on the flavor of fermented wine prepared by adding black garlic.

(2) 흑마늘 발효주의 주요 유기산은 수산, 사과산, 젖산, 구연산이며 특히 수산, 구연산 및 사과산은 흑마늘 첨가함량이 높을수록 낮게 나타났다. 흑마늘 첨가농도가 증가함에 따라 젖산의 함량은 증가하였으며 모든 흑마늘 첨가 발효주에서 구연산의 함량이 높게 나타났다. (2) The main organic acids of black garlic fermented liquor are fish, malic acid, lactic acid and citric acid. Especially, the higher the content of black garlic added, the lower the amount of black garlic added. As the concentration of black garlic increased, the content of lactic acid increased and the citric acid contents increased in all fermented liquors.

흑마늘 첨가 비율(%)Black garlic addition rate (%) 00 1One 33 55 수산Fisheries
(Oxalic acid)(Oxalic acid)
29.88±1.5629.88 ± 1.56 28.51±0.0828.51 ± 0.08 27.08±0.2127.08 ± 0.21 23.93±0.7923.93 ± 0.79
사과산Malic acid
(Malic acid)(Malic acid)
495.39±10.20495.39 ± 10.20 511.24±1.50511.24 ± 1.50 462.72±8.30462.72 ± 8.30 467.88±3.21467.88 ± 3.21
젖산Lactic acid
(Lactic acid)(Lactic acid)
1011.98±5.231011.98 ± 5.23 1433.55±11.211433.55 ± 11.21 1583.51±9.861583.51 ± 9.86 1673.17±13.211673.17 ± 13.21
구연산Citric acid
(Citric acid)(Citric acid)
1979.26±15.211979.26 ± 15.21 1917.03±26.351917.03 ± 26.35 1945.44±21.221945.44 ± 21.22 1849.22±73.211849.22 ± 73.21

So 등(ref 37)은 제조된 탁주의 구연산 함량이 높은 것은 술덧에 구연산 생성능이 강한 Aspergillus kawachii를 접종하여 쌀입국을 제조하였기 때문으로 보고하였으며 본 연구결과와 일치하였다. 또한 말로락틱 발효 (malolactic fermentation)은 사과산이 발효 중 젖산균에 의해 탈카르복실화 되어 젖산으로 변해 제조된 술에 부드러운 신맛을 낸다 (ref 38). So et al. (Ref 37) reported that the high content of citric acid in Takju prepared was due to rice inoculation prepared by inoculation of Aspergillus kawachii with strong citric acid production ability . Malolactic fermentation is also a result of malic acid being decarboxylated by lactic acid bacteria during fermentation to lactic acid, giving a sour taste to the liquor produced (ref 38).

본 실시예의 5% 흑마늘을 첨가한 발효주에서 사과산과 젖산은 각각 467.88 mg%와 1673.17mg%이며 대조구 발효주의 사과산과 젖산은 각각 495.39mg%와 1011.98mg%로 5% 흑마늘을 첨가한 발효주가 높게 나타났다. In the fermented liquor added with 5% black garlic of the present example, the amount of malic acid and lactic acid was 467.88 mg% and 1673.17 mg%, respectively. .

따라서 5%의 흑마늘을 첨가한 발효주는 발효 중 술덧에서 생성되는 젖산 이외에 말로락틱 발효에 의해 젖산 함량이 대조구보다 높아지는 것으로 사료된다. Therefore, fermented liquor added with 5% black garlic is considered to have higher lactic acid content than maltotic fermentation in addition to lactic acid produced during the fermentation.

(3) 상기 표 3에서 확인할 수 있는 바와 같이, 전체 폴리페놀 함량은 161.51~190.50 ㎎%로 흑마늘 첨가 농도가 높을수록 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. (3) As can be seen in Table 3, the total polyphenol content was 161.51 ~ 190.50 mg% was found to increase with higher concentration of black garlic.

Akira 등(ref 32)은 일반적인 sake의 total phenol 함량이 155~204ppm으로 보고하여 본 실험결과보다 높은 수준이며 Ryu 등(ref 33)의 시판 전통약주의 전체 폴리페놀 함량은 11.20 ~ 39.40 mg%로 다소 낮은 편이다. 이는 첨가되는 쌀의 도정도와 함량, 흑마늘의 전체 폴리페놀함량에 따라 다를 것으로 생각된다. 폴리페놀 성분은 후라보노이드, 카테킨, 안토시아닌 등의 여러 물질을 종합적으로 부르는 명칭으로 체내에서 항산화작용을 통하여 노화방지, 동맥경화예방, 항암효과 등의 기능성을 가진다 (ref 34). Akira et al. (Ref 32) reported higher total phenol contents of 155 ~ 204ppm in general sake than the results of this experiment, and the total polyphenol contents of commercial traditional medicine of Ryu et al. (Ref 33) were 11.20 ~ 39.40 mg%. It's low. It is thought that this depends on the degree and content of rice added and the total polyphenol content of black garlic. Polyphenol is a generic name for various substances such as flavonoids, catechins and anthocyanins, and has anti-aging, atherosclerosis, and anticancer effects through antioxidant activity in the body (ref 34).

따라서 전체 폴리페놀 함량이 높은 흑마늘 첨가 발효주는 대조구 발효주에 비하여 항산화, 항당뇨 등과 같은 다양한 기능성을 가질 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.Therefore, black garlic-added fermented liquor with high total polyphenol content may have various functionalities such as antioxidant and anti-diabetic than control fermented liquor.

(4) 상기와 같이, 흑마늘을 0, 1, 3, 5% 첨가하여 제조한 전통 발효주의 DHHP 라디칼 소거 활성를 통해 항산화능을 측정한 결과 1, 3, 5% 첨가한 시험구가 각각 64.02, 66.21, 69.55%로 흑마늘 첨가 농도가 증가함에 따라 소거활성은 높게 나타났으며 흑마늘을 첨가하지 않은 대조구 발효주는 50.02%로 가장 낮게 나타났다. (4) As described above, as a result of measuring antioxidant activity through DHHP radical scavenging activity of traditional fermented strain prepared by adding 0, 1, 3 and 5% of black garlic, the test groups added with 1, 3 and 5% were 64.02 and 66.21, respectively. The scavenging activity was increased as the concentration of black garlic was increased to 69.55%, and the control fermented strain without black garlic was the lowest at 50.02%.

Sung(ref 30)은 알코올을 이용한 마늘 추출물 농도가 10, 100㎎%로 조절하였을 때 소거활성은 각각 85.00, 90.50%로 강한 항산화성을 가지고 있다고 보고하였으며 Yang(ref 31)은 흑마늘 1㎎%를 에탄올에 추출하여 전자 공여능 (Electron donating ability)을 측정한 결과 11.91%로 보고하였다. 따라서 흑마늘 첨가 발효주는 흑마늘을 첨가하지 않은 대조구 발효주에 비해 항산화능이 우수할 것으로 사료된다. Sung (ref 30) reported that when the garlic extract concentration using alcohol was adjusted to 10 and 100 mg%, the scavenging activity was 85.00 and 90.50%, respectively. Electron donating ability by extraction in ethanol was measured and reported as 11.91%. Therefore, black garlic added fermented liquor is expected to have better antioxidant activity than black garlic added control fermented liquor.

실시예 4: 관능검사 및 통계 분석Example 4: sensory test and statistical analysis

관능검사는 사전에 흑마늘 발효주 관능평가에 관한 내용을 충분이 이해를 시킨 23~40세의 남, 여 30명을 패널로 선정하여 25℃에서 15일간 발효시킨 흑마늘 발효주의 색, 맛 향, 전체적 기호도를 7점 평점법(26)으로 평가하여 최고로 좋다 7, 가장 싫다 1로 점수를 표시하였다.The sensory test was conducted by selecting a panel of 30 males and females aged 23 to 40 who had fully understood the sensory evaluation of black garlic fermented liquor in advance. Was evaluated by a 7-point grading method (26), indicating the best 7 and dislike 1 score.

모든 값은 Sigma Plot(Statistical Analysis Systems for Windows) 10.0을 이용하여 각 시험구의 평균과 표준편차를 산출하였다.All values were calculated using Sigma Plot (Statistical Analysis Systems for Windows) 10.0 to calculate the mean and standard deviation of each test plot.

흑마늘을 첨가하여 제조된 발효주의 색, 향, 맛, 전체적 기호도는 하기와 같이 표에 나타냈다. The color, aroma, taste and overall acceptability of fermented wine prepared by adding black garlic are shown in the table as follows.

흑마늘 첨가 비율(%)Black garlic addition rate (%) 00 1One 33 55 색에 대한For color
기호도Symbol
6.20±0.056.20 ± 0.05 5.30±0.805.30 ± 0.80 4.20±0.234.20 ± 0.23 3.60±1.103.60 ± 1.10
향에 대한 For incense
기호도Symbol
3.20±0.093.20 ± 0.09 4.70±0.124.70 ± 0.12 4.80±1.284.80 ± 1.28 2.70±1.402.70 ± 1.40
맛에 대한 For taste
기호도Symbol
4.50±1.034.50 ± 1.03 6.10±0.066.10 ± 0.06 5.90±0.045.90 ± 0.04 3.40±1.203.40 ± 1.20
전체적인 Overall
기호도Symbol
5.20±0.205.20 ± 0.20 5.90±0.125.90 ± 0.12 5.70±0.135.70 ± 0.13 4.30±0.184.30 ± 0.18

색에 대한 기호도는 흑마늘을 첨가하지 않은 대조구 발효주가 6.20으로 가장 높게 나타났으며 흑마늘 첨가농도가 증가할수록 색에 대한 기호도가 낮게 나타났다. 이는 흑마늘의 어두운 색이 제조된 흑마늘의 발효주의 색에 대한 기호도를 감소시킨 것으로 생각된다. The fermented liquor without black garlic was the highest as 6.20, and the color acceptability was lower with increasing black garlic concentration. It is thought that the dark color of black garlic reduced the palatability of the color of fermented wine of black garlic prepared.

향에 대한 기호도는 0,1,3,5% 흑마늘을 첨가한 시험구에서 각각 3.20 4.70, 4.80 및 2.70로 3% 흑마늘 첨가구가 가장 높게 나타났으나 1%의 흑마늘을 첨가한 구와 유사한 값을 나타내는 수준이었다. 또한 5% 흑마늘 첨가구에서 향에 대한 기호도는 매우 낮게 나타나 3%이하의 흑마늘을 첨가 했을 때 향이 가장 우수할 것으로 생각된다. The taste degree of flavor was 3.20 4.70, 4.80 and 2.70, respectively, in the test group added with 0,1,3,5% black garlic, but the value of 3% black garlic added was the highest. It was a level to indicate. In addition, the degree of preference for aroma was very low in the 5% black garlic added group, and it is considered that the aroma is the best when less than 3% black garlic is added.

흑마늘 첨가함량을 달리하여 제조한 발효주의 맛에 대한 기호도는 1%의 흑마늘을 첨가한 발효주에서 6.10으로 가장 높게 나타났으나 3% 흑마늘 첨가구가 5.90으로 유사한 값을 나타내었다. The taste of fermented liquor prepared with different amounts of black garlic added was the highest in the fermented liquor added with 1% black garlic (6.10), but the value of 3% black garlic added was 5.90.

전체적인 기호도도 1,3% 흑마늘 첨가구에서 각각 5.90, 5.70으로 유사한 값을 나타내었다. 그러나 5% 흑마늘 첨가구에서 전체적인 기호도는 가장 낮게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 쓴맛, 떫은맛을 내는 페놀계 성분이 흑마늘에서 용출되어 맛과 전체적인 기호도를 감소시켰을 것으로 생각된다 (ref 26,16). The overall degree of similarity was shown as 5.90 and 5.70 in Fig. 1,3% black garlic added. However, the overall preference was the lowest in the 5% black garlic supplemented group. These results suggest that the bitter and astringent phenolic components eluted from black garlic, reducing taste and overall preference (ref 26,16).

상기 실시예를 통하여 pH, 환원당, 알코올 함량, 피루브산 및 전체 폴리페놀 등 이화학적 특성을 볼 때 흑마늘의 첨가량이 증가할수록 다양한 기능성이 우수한 것으로 나타났으나 관능검사를 통해 1~3% 내외의 흑마늘을 첨가하는 것이 가장 적합한 것으로 나타났다. In view of the physicochemical properties such as pH, reducing sugar, alcohol content, pyruvic acid and total polyphenols through the above examples, it was found that various functionalities were excellent as the amount of black garlic was increased, but black garlic of 1 ~ 3% was observed through the sensory test. It was found that addition was most suitable.

따라서 흑마늘의 다양한 기능성을 부합하고 대중적인 전통 발효주로서 3% 흑마늘을 첨가한 발효주가 가장 우수할 것으로 판단된다.Therefore, fermented liquor added with 3% black garlic would be the best as a popular traditional fermented liquor.

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본 발명은 흑마늘을 이용한 전통발효주와 그 제조방법에 관한 것으로, 열처리를 통해 마늘의 자극적 냄새나 맛을 완화시키고 유리당과 여러 가지 생리활성 물질이 풍부한 흑마늘을 첨가하여 발효시킴으로써 경쟁력을 갖춘 전통발효주의 제조에 활용될 수 있다. The present invention relates to a traditional fermented liquor using black garlic and a method of manufacturing the same, to reduce the irritating smell or taste of garlic through heat treatment, and to produce a traditional fermented wine with a competitive advantage by adding fermented black garlic rich in free sugar and various bioactive substances It can be used for.

도 1은 흑마늘 첨가농도를 달리하여 발효시킨 흑마늘 발효주의 pH를 측정한 결과를 나타낸 것이다. Figure 1 shows the results of measuring the pH of black garlic fermented strain fermented by varying the concentration of black garlic.

도 2는 발효 시간에 따른 흑마늘 발효주의 환원당 함량 변화를 나타낸 것이다. Figure 2 shows the change in reducing sugar content of black garlic fermented wine with fermentation time.

도 3은 발효기간 중 흑마늘 발효주의 알코올 함량 변화를 나타낸 것이다.Figure 3 shows the alcohol content change of black garlic fermented wine during the fermentation period.

도 4는 본 발명에 따른 흑마늘 발효주의 제조방법을 순서도로 나타낸 것이다. 4 is a flowchart illustrating a method of preparing black garlic fermented wine according to the present invention.

Claims (9)

술덧에 흑마늘을 첨가하여 당화시킨 후, 흑마늘 내성을 갖는 종균을 접종하여, 발효시킴을 특징으로 하는 흑마늘 함유 발효주의 제조방법.The method of producing black garlic-containing fermented liquor characterized by inoculating and fermenting the seed which has black garlic resistance after saccharification by adding black garlic. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 흑마늘은 술덧 전체 중량 대비 1 내지 5 % 첨가하는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.The method of claim 1, wherein the black garlic is added in an amount of 1 to 5% based on the total weight of the powder. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 발효주 종균은 아스페르길루스 속(Aspergillus sp.)의 종균, 리조푸스속(Rhizopus sp.)의 종균, 사카로마이세스 속(Saccharomyces sp.)의 종균 중에서 선택되는 것을 특징으로 하는 방법. According to claim 1, wherein the fermentation strain is selected from the species of genus Aspergillus sp., The species of genus Rhizopus sp., The species of genus Saccharomyces sp. How to feature. 제 3 항에 있어서, 사카로마이세스 속(Saccharomyces sp.)의 종균은 사카로마이세스 세르비시애 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)인 것을 특징으로 하는 방법. 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the spawn of Saccharomyces sp. Is Saccharomyces cerevisiae . 상기 사카로마이세스 세르비시애 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)는 3 ~ 5% (전체 배지 중량 대비)의 흑마늘을 첨가한 배지에서 배양하여 순수분리된 것을 특징으로 하는 방법.The Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) is characterized in that the pure separation by culturing in a medium to which black garlic of 3 ~ 5% (total weight of the medium) is added. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 당화는 30 ~ 40 ℃에서 22 ~ 26 시간 동안 이루어짐 을 특징으로 하는 방법. The method of claim 1, wherein the saccharification is performed at 30 to 40 ° C. for 22 to 26 hours. 제 1 항에 있어서, 상기 발효는 22 ~ 28 ℃에서 5 ~ 20 일 동안 이루어짐을 특징으로 하는 방법. The method of claim 1, wherein the fermentation is performed at 22 to 28 ° C. for 5 to 20 days. 제 1 항 내지 제 7 항 중 어느 한 항의 방법에 의해 제조된 흑마늘 함유 발효주.A black garlic-containing fermented liquor prepared by the method of any one of claims 1 to 7. 제 8 항에 있어서, 상기 발효주는 항산화활성을 가짐을 특징으로 하는 흑마늘 함유 발효주. The black garlic-containing fermented wine according to claim 8, wherein the fermented wine has an antioxidant activity.
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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101042276B1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2011-06-17 (재)남해마늘연구소 Method for manufacturing black garlic makgeoli
CN102399662A (en) * 2011-12-02 2012-04-04 徐州工程学院 Brewing method of black garlic wine
CN104232418A (en) * 2014-10-09 2014-12-24 哈尔滨艾克尔食品科技有限公司 Method for preparing black garlic brewed wine
CN105567497A (en) * 2016-02-06 2016-05-11 湖北工业大学 Garlic juice and mulberry liquor
KR20200013919A (en) * 2018-07-31 2020-02-10 남천영농조합법인 Preparing method for korean traditional liquor using black garlic and korean traditional liquor using black garlic prepared thereby

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR101042276B1 (en) * 2010-06-30 2011-06-17 (재)남해마늘연구소 Method for manufacturing black garlic makgeoli
CN102399662A (en) * 2011-12-02 2012-04-04 徐州工程学院 Brewing method of black garlic wine
CN104232418A (en) * 2014-10-09 2014-12-24 哈尔滨艾克尔食品科技有限公司 Method for preparing black garlic brewed wine
CN105567497A (en) * 2016-02-06 2016-05-11 湖北工业大学 Garlic juice and mulberry liquor
KR20200013919A (en) * 2018-07-31 2020-02-10 남천영농조합법인 Preparing method for korean traditional liquor using black garlic and korean traditional liquor using black garlic prepared thereby

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