KR20090130282A - Assorted feedstuff composition containing chia seed or its extract, method of farming livestock using the same, and meat acquired thereby - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A livestock feed composition, a method for breeding the livestock by using the composition, and the meat obtained from it are provided to improve the quality of meat remarkably without the deterioration of taste. CONSTITUTION: A livestock feed composition comprises any one selected from the group consisting of Chia seed, Chia meal and their combination. The livestock feed composition comprises 0.84~29 weight% of Chia seed. The livestock feed composition comprises 0.504~18.85 weight% of Chia meal. The Chia seed acts as a natural antibiotic in the feed composition.

Description

Compound feed containing chia seeds or extracts thereof, livestock breeding methods using the same, and meats obtained therefrom TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a feed composition and a method for raising livestock, and more particularly, to a feed composition in which natural ingredients collected in nature, instead of artificial antibiotics, are added as antibiotics, and livestock such as chickens and pigs are fed by such feed compositions. It is about how to. Furthermore, this invention relates to the meat obtained by such a breeding method.

Increasing national income and changing lifestyles have led to an increase in meat consumption. The demand for low-cost, high-quality protein-containing chicken and pork among meat products continues to increase. have. However, livestock such as chickens and pigs are very likely to be infected during the breeding process due to an unsanitary house environment. Especially in factory houses where large-scale densities are raised, some livestock infections spread rapidly to the entire house as well as to the neighboring houses, and are always exposed to the danger of mass death.

In general, animal feed is mainly composed of grains such as barley, corn, sorghum and wheat, by-products such as wheat milling by-products, soybean meal, and minerals. Is formulating feed with significant amounts of antibiotics to inhibit or kill the growth of pathogens. In fact, at the time of the present application, more than half of the consumption of antibiotics for livestock is used as feed additives, so it is known that antibiotics are used more for prevention than for treatment or protection. However, antibiotics added to the formulated feed prevent the disease of the livestock, kill harmful bacteria in the intestines, and promote smooth digestion and growth. There is a fatal problem that the body accumulates and remains in the livestock and is transferred to the consumer, which increases the human body's resistance to antibiotics.

In order to prevent the accumulation of antibiotics in meat, the government prohibits the addition of some antibiotics to feed, and also prohibits the use of antibiotics that are allowed to be used for a certain period of time before the shipment of livestock. It also regulates the abuse of antibiotics by setting standards for the amount of antibiotic current in livestock released. In addition, the feed company also manufactures and sells feed for the late fattening, which does not contain antibiotics. However, many farms do not comply with these regulations and either continue to opt out of antibiotic-containing formulas or combine them with their own antibiotics. Therefore, there is an urgent need for additives that can effectively replace antibiotics added to blended feed.

Various measures have been proposed before the present application to eliminate or lower the need for the addition of antibiotics in formulated feeds.

For example, clay minerals such as kaolinite, zeolite, bentonite and vermiculite have been used for a long time to promote livestock development, improve digestibility and feed efficiency, control moisture of livestock and remove odors. (Pond et al. 1988, Hagedorn et al. 1990, Kovar et al. 1990), Son and Park (1997) filed 0.3% elvan rock added to broiler feed, and Kwon (1999) reported the increase in growth rate by adding far-infrared radiation to pigs. Yang (1999) reported the addition of porous scoria to growing and hog feeds. In addition, germanium is known to have an anticancer effect by strengthening immunity, interferon production and stimulation, and protecting the living body from toxic substances and viruses.

On the other hand, Patent Publication No. 2002-34342 (name of the invention: a method of manufacturing livestock feed using livestock and livestock breeding method) is a method for eliminating the factors of the problem of antibiotics of livestock products, which is effective after fermenting lacquer sawdust and heating distillation. It is proposed to extract the ingredients and add them to livestock for poultry. Patent Publication No. 2004-104075 (name of the invention: a compounded feed composition and a method for preparing the same) is used in order to increase the immunity of chickens without using any antibiotics, in the form of powdery loess, gallnut, and redwood. A herbal feed composition consisting of Wood, Turmerio, Clove, and Amud Cork Tree, and an additive formulated with pine needle powder, are added to a grain feed, and a preparation method thereof. In addition, Patent No. 572524 (name of the invention: antimicrobial feed additive) proposes to use an antibiotic antibacterial vesicle lipid produced by the seed as an antibiotic feed additive. Patent No. 643596 (name of the invention: a feed additive and a feed containing the same) is to increase the immunity of the livestock, molokia and honeysuckle having various physiological activities such as antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, antiviral, detoxification, and Feed additives containing ethanol, a byproduct of brewing, have been proposed. In addition, animal feed containing ammonium molybdate (registered patent No. 5702), animal feed containing oligosaccharide (registered patent No. 93674), low cholesterol cholesterol feed additive (registered patent No. 58297), feather powder and pyridoxine Chicken production method containing broilers as feed and chicken production produced by the above method (Patent No. 647082), livestock feed composition for replacing antibiotics (No. 343367), herbal feed additives for broilers and its manufacturing method (Registration No. 495605), Animal feed composition (Registration No. 485057) containing persimmon extract has been proposed.

However, according to the above methods, since the raw materials used as feed additives are not complicated or easily secured in large quantities, it is difficult to mix and manufacture feed additives and feed compositions on a large scale. . In addition, in general, when adding a herbal medicine or other aromatic ingredients to the feed formulation, the animal refuses to eat due to the flavor of the added ingredients, or the flavor of the material becomes soaked in the livestock, and the burden is ingested by humans in meat state. The disadvantage is that it can cause.

Technical challenge

The present invention is to solve such a problem, to provide a compound feed that does not inhibit the flavor of livestock meat while increasing the antimicrobial and disease immunity of livestock by adding a material that can be harvested in a large amount from natural as a natural antibiotic Let it be technical problem.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for raising livestock by such natural antibiotics.

In addition, the present invention is obtained by such a breeding method, it is another technical problem to provide a livestock meat with a good flavor without the side effects of phosphate antibiotics such as the residual antibiotic problem.

Technical solution

The present inventors have repeated the experiments on various natural products and found that chia seeds have a strong antimicrobial activity against enterobacteria. As a result of adding chia seeds to the feed and feeding chickens and pigs, it was confirmed that the intestinal bacteria were significantly reduced and the liver was healthy, and the antibacterial and meat storage properties were greatly increased. In addition, it was confirmed that the flavor of the meat obtained from chickens and pigs thus bred is not impaired, but rather the flavor and merchandise of the meat are significantly increased.

Looking at the characteristics and efficacy of the chia seed used as a feed additive by the present invention. The tooth (Salvia hispanica or Salvia columbariae) is a genus of sarubia belonging to the genus Perilla Frutescens and Mint, and is a yearly subtropical plant (Hickman, James C. The Jepson Manual Higher Plants of California.University of California Press, Berkeley Los Angeles London (1993), USDA Natural resources Conservation Service. [Web application] .2006), is native to Mexico but is grown for commercial use in the central highlands of Argentina, Bolivia, Ecuador and Guatemala. Chia seed has been used as a source of durability, fitness, health and beauty in Latin America, such as Mexico for over 1,000 years, and has traditionally been consumed in Mexico, the southwestern United States and South America, but is not widely known in Asia or Europe. . Chia seed is gelatinized when placed in water and expands about 10 times, and because it expands in the digestive system of the body, it is used as a diet food because it sustains satiety by ingestion. These chia seeds contain 28% more fiber than lettuce, spinach and agar. In addition, chia seed is about 32% vegetable fat and contains no cholesterol, and is a natural health food containing calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, iron, zinc and copper. In addition, the polysaccharide corresponding to the dietary fiber in chia seeds has a molecular weight of 74674, 21722, 8066, 2038, 1050, such a low to medium molecular weight mixture can carry 5-40 times as much water, 2-30 in water Leave on for a minute to gel (see FIGS. 1 and 2).

The inventors anticipate that the chiasid dietary fiber contained in chia seeds or tooth extracts and added to animal feed is the main ingredient of the antimicrobial active ingredient which kills and reduces the intestinal bacteria of livestock.

According to one aspect of the present invention, a chia seed is added to a livestock feed as it is harvested from nature, or the surface is treated by heating the seed surface by roasting chia seeds or by other means, or steaming and drying the feed to the feed. Add. In the following description and claims, it should be noted that the term 'chia seeds' is used to include chia seeds harvested from nature, as well as chia seeds or steamed chia seeds that have been surface treated by roasting or otherwise. do.

In another embodiment of the present invention, the extracted tooth oil, ie, tooth foil, may be added to the feed instead of the tooth seed after extracting the oil from the chia seed as a natural antibiotic. Generally, during the oil extraction process, tooth foil is obtained by 60 to 65% by weight of the chia seed. In the following description and claims, the term 'tooth foil' refers to the tooth oil foil remaining after extracting the oil, as well as powdered by mixing an excipient in such tooth oil foil, and the tooth oil powder or powdered tooth oil foil as described above. Note that it is used to mean including the palletized.

Such feed compositions may be supplied to farms in a blended state in large-scale and business-oriented feed mills, or may be used in addition to existing blended feeds with different sweet-feed ingredients at each farm level. have.

On the other hand, in the present specification and claims, the term 'livestock' is used to mean poultry such as chickens, beasts such as pigs, and farmed fish.

Specifically, the livestock feed composition according to the present invention contains any one of chia seed, tooth foil, and combinations thereof as a natural antibiotic. In a preferred embodiment, the animal feed composition contains 0.84 to 29% by weight, preferably 1 to 10.8% by weight, more preferably 1 to 6.5% by weight of chia seeds in the total composition. In the modified embodiment, when tooth foil is added instead of chia seed, 0.504 to 18.85 weight% of the total composition, preferably 0.6 to 7.02 weight, in consideration of the fact that tooth foil is obtained by 60 to 65 weight% from chia seed. %, More preferably, it is preferable that tooth foil is contained by 0.6 to 8.45 weight%.

On the other hand, in the livestock raising method according to the present invention, while feeding the feed containing any one of chia seeds, tooth foil, and combinations thereof as a natural antibiotic to the livestock, in addition to the water absorption capacity of the chia seed dietary fiber is negative Feed the livestock.

Livestock feed composition as described above is preferably to be fed to livestock for two days or more. In particular, the livestock breeding method according to the present invention may be usefully used during the antibiotic prohibition period for livestock, but is not limited thereto.

Chia seeds may be supplied in combination with other feed ingredients from feed manufacturers, but may also be added to the feed separately from breeders. In this case, 0.84 to 29% by weight, preferably 1 to 10.8% by weight, more preferably 1 to 6.5% by weight of the chia seeds in the total composition may be added to the blended feed or separately fed to livestock.

Meat of livestock raised by such a breeding method can be usefully consumed by humans in itself or in processed form.

The present invention also provides an animal pharmaceutical composition having an antimicrobial activity containing any one selected from the group consisting of chia seeds, tooth foils and combinations thereof.

The pharmaceutical composition contains 0.84 to 29% by weight, preferably 1 to 10.8% by weight, more preferably 1 to 6.5% by weight of chia seeds in the total composition.

The pharmaceutical composition contains 0.504 to 18.85% by weight, preferably 0.6 to 7.02% by weight, more preferably 0.6 to 4.225% by weight of the tooth foil in the total composition.

Favorable effect

As described above, according to the present invention, chia seeds, which are materials that can be collected or cultivated in large quantities in nature, are used as feed additives as natural antibiotics, and livestock are raised using them. In feeding chia seeds or dental cakes, it is of course possible to feed with traces of antibiotics instead of replacing them completely.

The inventors anticipate that among the components of chia seeds, dietary fiber has a great influence on antimicrobial activity and immunity improvement. In other words, Chia Seed's unique dietary fiber adsorbs and excretes decayed protein or fat residues in the intestine, old acid decayed fecal matter, and decay gas. It is understood that antimicrobial components that are believed to be present in dietary fiber may inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria in the intestine. In addition, omega-3 fatty acids are believed to play a secondary role in enhancing circulatory functions such as blood vessels and increasing disease immunity.

It is understood that the antimicrobial component of chia seeds identified by the inventors not only suppresses enterobacteriaceae but also greatly increases the immunity of chickens even if some of them are absorbed and remain in the body of the livestock and no additional phosphorus agent is added.

The present invention, by feeding chia seeds as a natural antibiotic to livestock, has a stronger antimicrobial ability than phosphorus antagonists and does not cause the problem of residual antibiotics or antibiotic-resistant bacteria caused by phosphorus antagonists. In addition, there is an additional effect that does not impair meat quality or flavor, but rather can greatly improve the quality of livestock meat. In other words, the meat and pork produced by the present invention has the advantage that the disgusting smell unique to each meat is greatly reduced, the meat is soft, and the meat storage property is increased. In particular, the shelf life of meat is improved compared to the case of using a phosphorus airport agent.

Figure 1 is a graph of the molecular weight pattern of the dietary fiber components contained in the chia seeds identified through gel permeation chromatography from the powder of chia seeds.

FIG. 2 is a table showing the molecular weights of various dietary fiber components contained in chia seeds identified by gel permeation chromatography from the powder of chia seeds.

3 is a material separation flowchart for separating active ingredients of chia seed.

Figure 4 is a photograph showing the results of the MRSA target experiment to determine the effect of inhibiting the enterobacteriaceae of the chisid seed active ingredient.

5 is a graph summarizing the results of measuring the intestinal bacteria of broilers fed chia seeds and unpaid control broilers.

6 to 17 is a photograph of the enterobacterial culture medium for visually confirming the number of enterobacteriaceae in broilers, Figure 6 is a photograph of the culture medium for the control chickens raised for 4 days without feeding chia seeds, 7 to 11 are cultivation medium photographs for the experimental group reared for 4 days while feeding chia seeds 2g, 4g, 6g, 8g, 10g, respectively, Figure 12 is a culture medium photograph for control chickens raised for 6 days without chia seeds 13 to 17 are photographs of the culture medium for the experimental group bred for 6 days while feeding chia seeds 2g, 4g, 6g, 8g, and 10g, respectively.

18 to 20 are photographs taken of livers extracted from control broilers without chia seeds.

21 and 22 are photographs taken by cutting the liver extracted from the control broiler not fed chia seeds.

23 to 27 are photographs taken of the liver taken from the experimental group broiler broiled by feeding 6 grams of chia seeds daily for 6 days.

28 to 32 is a photograph taken by cutting the liver taken from the experimental group broiler broiler fed chia seeds 8 days a day for 6 days.

FIG. 33 is a photograph taken to prepare a liver taken from other control broilers not fed chia seeds and liver extracted from broilers bred by feeding 10 grams of chia seeds daily for 6 days.

34 to 38 are photographs of the culture medium of the enterobacteriaceae in the sample collected from the stool of the control group and the experimental group pigs, Figure 34 is a culture medium photograph for the control pigs not fed chia seeds, Figure 35 to Figure 38 is a culture medium picture for chia seeds 30g, 60g, 100g, 150g feed group, respectively.

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail.

Experimental Example 1 Experiment of Antimicrobial Activity against Enterobacteriaceae of Chia Seed in Laboratory

Laboratory experiments were conducted to determine whether chia seeds had antimicrobial activity against enteric bacteria in animals.

After grinding 2,500 grams (g) of chia seeds with a blender, 10,000 milliliters (ml) of methanol was added and concentrated under reduced pressure at 60 ° C. for 24 hours to recover approximately 450 g of methanol fraction, which was then shaken with 5,000 ml of n-hexane for 24 hours at room temperature. After extracting twice with hexane fractions were filtered through 0.4 ㎛ filter paper and concentrated under reduced pressure at 35 ℃ to obtain 25 g of hexane fractions. In a column chromatography (45mm x 900mm) filled with 250g of silica gel in the same manner as above, 175g of chloroform (CHCl ₃ ) fractions were eluted with a chloroform / methanol mobile phase, and ethyl acetate fractions were eluted with 2000 ml of ethyl acetate (EtOAc). 64 g were recovered, and each was recovered by eluting with butanol (BuOH frc. 27 g), water (H ₂ O frc. 148 g), and ether (Et ₂ O frc. 11 g) (see FIG. 3).

Antimicrobial activity of the chiasid fractions recovered as described above was measured by the solid medium DISC diffusion method (microbial and immunology subcommittee, experimental microbiology, university history, p116, 1998). First, the bacteria were purchased from the microbial spawn association, MRSA staphylococcus and Salmonella, which were suspended in platinum distilled water and suspended in solid serum agar plates, and then incubated at 25 ° C for 24 hours. Here, each fraction was adjusted to a concentration of 25 μg / ml in a Watmann paper disc (8 mm in diameter), and then dropped onto a 20 μl disc and incubated at 25 ° C. for 24 hours. 25 μg / ml of ampicillin was used as a control antibiotic.

Figure 4 is a photograph showing the experimental results for MRSA staphylococcus. As shown in the figure, as a result of examining the inhibitory effect on MRSA staphylococcus, butanol fraction showed the strongest inhibitory effect on MRSA staphylococcus, and ethyl acetate fraction, ether fraction.

On the other hand, Table 1 is a table summarized the size of the inhibitor showing the antimicrobial activity effect in each fraction extracts for Salmonella.

Table 1

As shown in this table, the antimicrobial activity against Salmonella showed the strongest antimicrobial activity of butanol and methanol fractions of chia seeds, and the diameters of the transparent areas caused by the death of bacteria were about 28 ± 0.0mm and 24 ±, respectively. 0.2 mm. The remaining fractions showed moderate antimicrobial activity.

In view of the solvent specificity of the antimicrobial activity of chia seeds, the natural antimicrobial substances contained in chia seeds appear to have non-polar and polar properties. Inferred.

Experimental Example 2: Examination of antimicrobial activity and liver function improvement effect through broiler broiler

Breeding of Broilers

In order to examine the antimicrobial activity and liver function improvement effect of chia seeds, broiler chickens were bred on a large scale and clinical trials were conducted.

The experiment was conducted to separate 150 chickens of 25-day-old improved native chickens, which were being raised on farms in Goesan, Chungcheongbuk-do, but not mixed with other chickens. For reference, these chickens were administered 5 times after hatching, that is, 2 days, 8 days, 11 days, 15 days, and 21 days of age, when the antibiotic product containing Enrofloxacin was diluted in a negative water. The findings were confirmed in advance and no additional antibiotics were administered during the experiment.

For the 125 chickens classified as above, 125 chickens were fed from the 26-day-old diet, and 25 chickens used as a control group were fed with non-chia seeds. It was paid. Specifically, the contents of chia seed salary were first divided into 25 groups of 125 chickens as one group by five units. In addition, each of the five experimental groups were fed chia seed compounded feed by adding 2 grams, 4 grams, 6 grams, 8 grams, and 10 grams of Australian chia seeds, respectively. Differentiated to days, 4 days, 6 days, 8 days, and 10 days. Accordingly, 125 chickens were raised until the day of 28 to 36 days, depending on the experimental group.

Intestinal bacteria test and bacteria identification

For broilers bred as above, the intestines were extracted and the intestinal bacteria were examined. First, 0.5 g of a sample was taken and suspended in 10 ml of tertiary distilled water. 90 ml of tertiary distilled water was added to the suspension and diluted to 1/10. Then, 0.1 ml of a sterile pipette was dispensed into the serum agar medium and evenly spread on the whole medium with a glass rod. The medium was inverted and incubated for 24 hours in a 25 degree incubator. After incubation, the presence of a colony (Colony) was confirmed and the number of bacteria was measured by a counter.

Table 2 summarizes the bacterial count measurement results, Figure 5 shows this.

TABLE 2

As can be seen in Table 2 and Figure 5, it can be seen that the number of enterobacterial in the chisid seed group significantly reduced compared to the unpaid group. On the other hand, in the pay group as well as the unpaid group, the number of bacteria was significantly decreased and increased again until 4 days after the experiment, which was diluted to negative until 5 days before the start of the experiment, that is, the day of administration of the chia seed to the chia seed pay group. It is believed that this is because the administered phosphorus antagonist acts until around 4 days after the start of the experiment. Common in both the pay and unpaid groups, the number of bacteria increased again 4 to 6 days after the start of the experiment, which is understood to be due to the depletion of the function of phosphorus. However, even after the function of the phosphate antibiotic is exhausted, it can be seen that chia seed acts as a powerful antibiotic to kill intestinal bacteria.

On the other hand, about 4 to 6 days after the start of the experiment, it is believed that the bacterial types in the intestine were changed in the chia seed feeding group. Indeed, as confirmed by the bacterial identification test below, the number of harmful bacteria affected by antibiotics decreased until 4-6 days after the experiment, and then pseudomonas sp. Seemed. In addition, common to both the pay group and the unpaid group, it can be confirmed that the tendency of the microbial count is slightly reduced again from the 6th day after the start of the experiment. This is partly due to the suppression of bacterial growth due to the self-cleaning effect of competition. 6 to 17 is a photograph of the enterobacterial culture medium for visually confirming the trend of the change in enterobacterial bacteria number. Figure 6 is a culture medium picture of the control chickens raised for 4 days without feeding chia seeds, Figures 7 to 11 is a culture medium for the experimental group raised for 4 days while feeding chia seeds 2g, 4g, 6g, 8g, 10g, respectively It is a photograph. FIG. 12 is a culture medium photograph of control chickens bred for 6 days without feeding chia seeds, and FIGS. 13 to 17 are culture media for an experimental group bred for 6 days with 2 g, 4 g, 6 g, 8 g, and 10 g of chia seeds, respectively. It is a photograph.

Irrespective of the above fluctuations, it can be clearly seen that the lines indicating the number of bacteria in the chisid seed group are significantly lower than the lines indicating the number of bacteria in the unpaid group in FIG. 5. In view of the reduction in the number of enterobacterial bacteria in the chia seed feeding group, it is judged that chia seeds have an antimicrobial activity that can act as a natural antibiotic that suppresses bacterial growth without affecting the growth of chickens normally without phosphate antibiotics. In addition, all the experimental groups were found to have an intestinal bacterium reduction effect, and when only the antimicrobial activity was observed, the chia seed supplementation in broiler breeding was effective for 2-10 g or more, and the feeding period was 2-10 days or It is judged to be valid for a period longer than that. And, as can be seen in Table 2 and Fig. 5, it is determined that the amount of chia seed supplemented is 4 g or more, and the benefit period is preferably within 4 days or more.

On the other hand, as a result of visual observation of the medium in which the bacteria were cultured, it was confirmed that 1 to 4 kinds of bacteria existed in each sample, and each bacteria was identified. To this end, after removing some of each type of bacterial gun separated by naked eye in each sample and suspended in distilled water, the strain was identified by Easy 24E plus identification kit and Easy View program sold by Hanil Co., Ltd.

As a result of the identification, in the untreated group of chisid seeds, antibiotic-resistant bacteria Acinetobacter baumannii (MDR) resistant to antibiotics such as Imipenem, Shigella spp, and diarrhea, Yersinia aldorae, which cause diarrhea and high fever, , Klebsiella ozaenae, other major causes of pneumonia, immune dysfunction, and Morganella. Pathogenic bacteria such as Morganii, Enterobacter cloaceae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were detected. In addition, the appearance of hemolytic bacteria was observed intermittently. On the contrary, in the chiasid feeding group, the pathogenic bacteria were greatly reduced, and the food rot bacterium Pseudomonas putida having high polymer degradability was found from the experimental group administered with 2 g of chia seeds for 4 days or more. Pantoea (Enterobacter) agglomerans, a polysaccharide degrading bacterium, and E. coli (inactive form) were detected.

Considering the fact that the number of enterobacterial bacteria and the type of bacteria changed in the chisid seed group, and that the bad smell from the intestinal extracts and feces of the unpaid group, do not occur in the chisid seed group, It is assured that there exists a component which suppresses the proliferation of harmful germs containing. In addition, as an environment in which a large amount of polysaccharide fiber is present in the intestine is created, the intestinal environment is improved to an environment in which beneficial bacteria and Escherichia coli, which are used to decompose such polysaccharide fiber, occupy the status of dominant species. The likelihood of developing broilers is expected to be greatly reduced.

Liver Condition Test

In order to estimate the liver function improvement effect of broilers fed with chia seeds, the livers of broilers were extracted and visually checked for internal and external colors and pictures were taken.

18 to 20 are photographs taken of the liver extracted from the control broiler not chia seed, Figure 21 and Figure 22 is a photograph taken by cutting the liver of the control broiler. On the other hand, Figures 23 to 27 is a photograph taken of the liver extracted from broiler chickens fed by feeding 8 grams of chia seeds 6 days a day, Figures 28 to 32 are photographs taken by cutting the liver.

On the other hand, Figure 33 is a photograph taken to prepare the liver extracted from the liver and broilers broiled from other control broilers that did not receive chia seeds, and fed chia seeds 10 grams per day for 6 days. Livers listed on the left in the picture were taken from control broilers, and livers listed in the center and right were taken from broilers fed chia seeds.

As shown in the photographs, the control broiler not fed chia seeds is not clear in color, has a yellowish and faint color as if bile is not drained normally, has a relatively inelastic appearance, and has a yellowish fat layer. You can see it. In contrast, broilers fed and fed chia seeds have no fat layer (the white parts in Figures 19, 20 and 23-27 are the external organs that have not been completely removed), red, clear, and very resilient. With the appearance, non-professionals can at first glance feel that they are very healthy and active.

Immunity in the case of chickens bred by the present invention is related to almost all metabolisms in the body, and in particular, the liver, which has a decisive influence on the health maintenance of the animal such as detoxification, antibody production, and unnecessary substance release, is thus healthy. This is expected to be greatly improved.

Experimental Example 3: Examination of antimicrobial activity and liver function improvement effect through pig breeding

Breeding of pigs

In order to further examine the antimicrobial activity and liver function enhancement effect of chia seeds, pigs were bred and clinical trials were conducted.

The experiment was conducted on eight black pigs of about 180 days of age on a farm located in Goesan, Chungcheongbuk-do (confirmed that the farmers were not pure domestic pigs, but hybrids, as described by the farmers as native black pigs). Eight pigs were divided into four groups, one group of two. One of the two animals in each experimental group was a sow and one was a boar. In addition, the chia seed compounded feeds were added to four experimental groups by adding 30 grams, 60 grams, 100 grams, and 150 grams of Australian chia seeds, respectively. As a control, two pigs that were raised separately without antibiotics were used. Both control and experimental pigs had been raised without antibiotics prior to the experiment.

Intestinal bacteria test and bacteria identification

Intestinal bacteria were examined by extracting the pig meal discharged from pigs raised for 10 days. First, 0.5 g of a sample was taken and suspended in 10 ml of tertiary distilled water. 90 ml of tertiary distilled water was added to the suspension and diluted to 1/10. Then, 0.1 ml of a sterile pipette was dispensed into a serum agar plate and evenly spread over the whole medium with a glass rod. The medium was inverted and incubated for 24 hours in a 25 degree incubator. After incubation, the presence of a colony (Colony) was confirmed and the number of bacteria was measured by a counter.

34 to 38 are photographs taken of the culture medium of enterobacteriaceae in the samples collected from the stool of the control group and the experimental group pigs. That is, Figure 34 is a culture medium picture for a control pig not fed chia seeds, Figures 35 to 38 is a culture medium picture for 30g, 60g, 100g, 150g feeding group, respectively. And, Table 3 summarizes the bacterial count measurement results.

TABLE 3

As shown in the drawings and the table above, it can be seen that the number of enterobacterial in the chisid seed pay group significantly reduced compared to the unpaid group. The pigs in the control group, as well as the control group, were all reared without antibiotics before the experiment, so the pigs in the control group had a very high bacterial count. In contrast, only a small amount of bacteria was detected in the feces of pigs in the experimental group. Given these differences in bacteria in the stool, it can be easily concluded that there will be a large difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of the number of active bacteria in the gut.

From the fact that the number of enterobacteriaceae in the chia seed feeding group is significantly reduced, it can be assured that there is a component that inhibits the growth of enterobacteriaceae in chia seeds.

Liver Condition Test

On the other hand, on the 7th day of raising the experimental and control pigs for 10 days as above, the veterinarian was asked to collect the blood of each pig, and then commissioned by the Dual Medical Foundation of Dongjak-gu, Seoul. It was. Blood collection was omitted for one of two pigs in the control group due to a veterinarian mistake in the blood collection process. The analysis results are as follows.

Table 4

As a result of measuring glucose level as an indicator of blood glucose level, it was found that the control pigs were 72, whereas the chia seed-feeding pigs were reduced by more than half. As the blood glucose level decreases in the pigs fed the Chia Seed group, the hormone secretion function of the liver is much healthier than that of the control pigs. GPT was not significantly different between the control and the chia seed-feeding pigs, but the GOT was found to decrease to 1/10 in the chia-seed feeding pigs compared to the control. No significant difference was found in the amount of cholesterol. In the case of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, which is a factor that removes cholesterol from the blood vessel wall, it was confirmed that a slight increase was observed in the pigs fed the pig group compared to the control group. In the case of free fatty acid (Free fatty acid), it was confirmed that a slight increase in the pigs fed Chiasid compared to the control group. For each of the indicators, there was no significant difference in the amount of chia seeds fed between the experimental groups.

Analysis of these blood glucose levels, GOT, HDL cholesterol, and free fatty acids suggests that chia seeds significantly improve liver function and health in pigs. As the liver performing decisive effects on the maintenance of animal health such as detoxification, antibody production, and unnecessary substance discharge is thus healthy, pigs are expected to greatly improve immunity when fed and fed chia seeds according to the present invention. .

Experimental Example 4: Additional Experiment-Influence on weight gain

In the process of performing the experiment of Experimental Example 2, the inventors have noticed that the amount of weight gain in broiler chickens may be affected when the amount of chia seeds is fed and the feeding period is long. Accordingly, the inventors measured the live weight of the experimental group fed by 2 grams, 4 grams, 6 grams, 8 grams, 10 grams of chia seeds for 10 days in the experimental group reared during the experiment of Experimental Example 2. As a control, chickens raised for 10 days without chia seeds were used. Table 5 shows the measurement results for the live weight.

Table 5

As can be seen in the table above, when the daily administration of 8g in chia seed 10 days to receive a noticeable increase in weight gain compared to the control group was noticeable, but after the 10g feeding did not appear to reduce the weight gain.

Therefore, when considering the weight gain, it is preferred that the daily chia seed feed amount is about 6 g or less. However, in the case of feeding more than 10g reduction in weight gain is reduced, it is judged that feeding more than 10g of chia seeds is not a big problem for weight gain.

In the case of pigs, the reduction in weight gain was minimal in the case of 30g or 60g daily chia seeds, but the reduction in weight gain of 3 to 5 kg was confirmed in the case of 100g or 150g.

Availability of Chia Seed as a Natural Antibiotic and Desirable Amount

Based on the above experiments in the laboratory, broiler breeding and clinical experiments for broilers and pigs, the inventors fully confirmed the antibacterial activity and liver function improvement effect of chia seeds against enterobacteriaceae.

In addition, when considering only the antimicrobial activity and the effect of improving liver function, the daily chia seed feeding amount in broiler breeding is effective for 2 to 10 g or more, and the feeding period is valid for 2 to 10 days or more. It was determined that the daily chisid seed feeding amount was 4 to 10 g and the feeding period was 4 days or more. However, in order to prevent a decrease in weight gain, it is not preferable that the daily chia seed feed amount exceeds about 6 g, but even if it exceeds 10 g, it was judged that there is no big problem in the weight gain.

Taken together, the daily amount of chia seeds in broiler breeding is 2-10 g. The pay period is preferably two days or more. In addition, it is particularly preferable that the daily chia seed feeding amount is 4 to 6 g. Assume that chia seeds are fed within the period of 27 days post hatching (feed requirement: 83.9 g, based on Cargill's standard broiler program, equal to or below) to 54 days (feed requirement: 149.1 g) or some of them. When converting the daily chia seed feed amount into a ratio of the daily feed usage, it is preferable that the amount is 1% to 10.8% by weight. And it is especially preferable to become 2.5%-6.5%.

On the other hand, in the case of feeding tooth foil instead of 2 g or more of chia seeds per day for broilers, it is preferable to feed 1.2 g or more per day of feed consumption in consideration of the fact that 60 to 65% of tooth foil is obtained from chia seeds. Do.

On the other hand, in the case of pigs, it was confirmed that the significant and significant antimicrobial activity and liver function improvement effect over the entire range of 30 grams to 150 grams of the daily chia seed supplement amount applied in Experimental Example 3. In the case of feeding tooth foil instead of 30 g or more of chia seeds per day, it is preferable to feed 18 g or more per day compared to the daily feed usage.

Example 1: Breeding and Meat Characteristic Experiment of Broiler

Breeding of Broilers Feeding Chia Seeds

Apart from the above Experimental Example 2, broiler broiler breeding was carried out while feeding about 1,000 to 10,000 chicks per week over 8 months while feeding 5 g of chia seeds per day at a farm located in Goesan, Chungcheongbuk-do. Chia Seeds began to feed from 27-28 days after hatching, and chickens for Samgyetang were first shipped at 32-35 days of age, and the remaining chickens were fed for one week to 10 days and then shipped for whole chickens.

Shelf life of chicken

Fatty acid opacity or protein denaturation (VBN) was not quantitatively measured for broiler chickens. Instead, the chickens were kept at room temperature for 7 hours, not refrigerated, for 10 hours and 4 g of chia seeds. Let him smell. As a result, in the case of the control chicken, there was a bad disgusting smell due to protein denaturation, etc., but it was confirmed that the odor change in the chia seeds 4g addition broiler chicken than when removed from the refrigerator.

This increase in bacterial resistance or shelf life of chicken meat is interpreted because the antimicrobial active ingredients contained in chia seeds not only act in the intestine but are also digested and absorbed by the chicken and remain in the tissue.

Ingredient Analysis of Chicken

After feeding chickens fed with 4 g of chia seed in the reared chickens for 15 days, the cholesterol content and fatty acid content of the chicken breasts were analyzed according to the General Test Method (2006). The analysis was conducted by the Korea Food Research Institute, located in Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, and then by the Iwon Medical Foundation. The cholesterol content measurement results are described in Table 6 below, and the fatty acid content measurement results are described in Table 7.

Table 6

TABLE 7

As shown above, the cholesterol content in the chicken is reduced by 21%, and the omega-3 fatty acids in the fatty acid was confirmed to double. Thus, the increase in cholesterol content, unlike in the blood test of pigs, is understood to be due to the overall effect of the chia seed supplementation is faster due to the smaller body weight and shorter intestinal length of the chicken than the pig.

Sensory evaluation on meat taste

After the chickens were reared as above, the chicken broiled samgyetang, baeksook, and oven were cooked and subjected to sensory evaluation on meat smell and meat quality for about 25 sensory personnel.

As a result of sensory evaluation, chickens reared by feed with chia seeds were superior in sensory performance compared to general chickens, that is, chickens fed normal feed, and disgusting meat smell was greatly reduced and good. In addition to flavoring, it was confirmed that the amount of oil floating in the broth of Samgyetang decreased, the broth was clear, and the flesh was soft and tender. This disgusting odor decrease is due to the reduction of intestinal bacteria and improved intestinal environment due to chia seeds, as well as liver function improves the health of the chicken.

Identify additional features for reared chickens and their meat

As a result of observing broilers bred by the present embodiment, it was found that crusts were red and vividly colored compared to the chickens bred in the conventional manner, and the luster of the feathers was remarkably improved. There was a difference in appearance so that one chicken and the unpaid chicken could be easily distinguished with the naked eye. In addition, in the process of slaughtering the chickens bred by the present invention, compared to the chickens bred in the conventional manner, the movement of the chickens was large and the resistance was severe, and there was a difficulty in the slaughter, even in the process of pulling the hair for cooking after the slaughter It was hard to pull compared to the usual chicken. In addition, the odor was significantly reduced in the feces that were defecated during the breeding process. From this, it can be seen that the chickens raised by the present invention are much healthier, especially the intestines are healthy, and the vitality is higher than the chickens raised in the conventional manner, and it is clear that the chickens raised accordingly will have increased immunity. .

In addition, immediately after the slaughter, as well as after refrigeration, the chicken did not have a peculiar disgusting smell, but rather a fragrant smell, and almost no smell even in chicken feet or intestines. In addition, as mentioned above, even after several hours at room temperature, rather than refrigerated storage, the shelf life was so high that almost no smell, even though the chickens raised by the present invention did not use phosphorus airport preparations. It can be further confirmed that bacterial resistance and immunity are greatly increased. On the other hand, when stored in the refrigerator again after exposure to room temperature, and then taken out of the refrigerating chamber for cooking two days later, the chickens fed the normal feed were damaged and could not be cooked, but the chickens fed the chia seed had no smell and the meat was There was no difference from immediately after the shedding. Since there is no disgusting smell and good aroma, the chicken according to the present invention did not need to use a separate perfume to remove the smell.

On the other hand, the chicken broiled by feeding the chia seeds according to the present invention has been confirmed that the meat is soft and tender, especially in the case of ordinary chicken chopsticks are stiff enough to break the breast meat with wooden chopsticks, Chicken meat according to the invention was light enough to easily remove the breast meat along the grain with wooden chopsticks.

In addition, the chickens bred by the present invention showed a generally thin skin and a significantly thin subcutaneous fat accumulated between the skin and the flesh. In particular, these low fat characteristics were prominent in thick areas of fat such as the neck, around the anus, and intestines. In addition, the chickens reared by the feed with chia seeds were found to have a white and clean shell color compared to the general chickens. In addition, when cooking the chicken soup using the chick chickens bred by the present invention, the oil in the broth is white, not yellow, and the amount of oil is also reduced, the soup is much clearer, unsaturated As the proportion of fatty acids increased, it was confirmed that the broth oil did not harden well even when cooled.

Example 2: Sensory test for pork

Pig breeding using chia seeds

Apart from the above Experimental Example 3, three white boars, about 6 months old, weighing about 100 kilograms were bred while feeding chia seeds. Chia seeds were fed at 200 grams per day for 12 days with about 3 kg of conventional compound feed per day, and only one of them was slaughtered. Chia seed was fed by mixing to a conventional feed. The reason for feeding 200 grams of chia seeds per day was to confirm the change in weight gain when feeding more than 150 g of chia seeds per day that confirmed the antibiotic effect in Experimental Example 3, and to perform a sensory experiment on white pigs fed chia seeds.

Component Analysis Experiment of Pork

After slaughtering one pig bred as above, 100 grams of sirloin was taken and the fatty acid content was analyzed according to the General Ingredients Test of the Food Code (2006). The analysis was commissioned by the National Institute of Animal Science, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do. As a control, one pig of the same age was bred under the same conditions except that chia seeds were not fed at the same breeding ground. The analysis results are as described in Table 8.

Table 8

Although there was no significant difference between the chia seed addition control and the control, it was noticed that the unsaturated fatty acid increased slightly and new EPA which was not found in the control was detected.

Changes in Pig Weight with Chia Seed Supplementation

Although pigs fed chia seeds fed more feed intake than control pigs not fed chia seeds, the live weight after breeding for 12 days was about 4-5 kilograms less than that of controls. Although there was a weight loss of about 1 to 2 kg compared to black pigs fed 150 g of chia seeds daily for 15 days, there was no significant deviation from chia seeds.

Sensory Evaluation on Meat Taste

Slaughtered pigs were processed by part, and some were grilled on a grill, some were boiled with meat, and some were cooked with kimchi stew, and sensory evaluation of meat odor and taste was carried out for 20 sensory members of each type. .

Prior to sensory evaluation, all the sensory personnel evaluated that the meat color was clear and clean and the marbling was well distributed. As a result of sensory evaluation, the meat was chewy and soft, and in particular, the scaffold was evaluated to be chewy and not perturbed compared to other pork. In particular, it was evaluated that the skin of the shell was soft. Although the slaughtered pig was a boar, it was evaluated that there was no disgusting smell, regardless of the type of dish. Even after the meat cooled down, it was evaluated that it was not hard and tender, unlike regular pork. However, compared with black pigs, there was a little taste and oily evaluation.

On the other hand, the sensory evaluation of slaughtered one black pig used in Experiment 3 separately, the meat taste was generally better than the other pork or white pig described above. In addition, as a result of cooling the waste waste discharged in the grilling process to drop in cold water, as a result of the solid pork immediately solidified, but the oil of the pork raised by the present invention does not solidify, only the viscosity is increased, the sticky state The phenomenon of maintaining is found.

Example 3: Modified Example

As described above, the present invention is prepared by adding chia seeds to livestock feed. Here, the chia seeds may be combined with the single feed ingredients such as cereals, rivers, oils, and other processed by-products from feed companies, or directly added after purchasing the conventional mixed feeds containing these single feed ingredients in livestock farms. It can also mix | blend.

On the other hand, as mentioned above, the oil may be extracted from the chia seeds and the remaining tooth paste, ie tooth foil, may be added to the feed as a natural antibiotic instead of chia seeds. Needless to say, toothpaste and chia seeds may be added to the feed together.

Feeding chia seeds as natural antibiotics to animals is particularly useful during the antimicrobial ban prescribed by law.

In addition, those skilled in the art will understand that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without changing the technical spirit or essential features. Therefore, the above-described embodiments are to be understood as illustrative in all respects and not as restrictive. The scope of the present invention is shown by the following claims rather than the detailed description, and all changes or modifications derived from the meaning and scope of the claims and their equivalents should be construed as being included in the scope of the present invention. do.

Claims (31)

Livestock feed composition comprising any one selected from the group consisting of chia seeds, tooth foil and combinations thereof. The method according to claim 1, Livestock feed composition containing 0.84 to 29% by weight of chia seeds in the total composition. The method according to claim 2, Livestock feed composition containing 1 to 10.8% by weight of chia seeds in the total composition. The method according to claim 3, Livestock feed composition containing 1 to 6.5% by weight of chia seeds in the total composition. The method according to claim 1, Livestock feed composition containing 0.504-18.85 weight% of tooth foil in the total composition. The method according to claim 5, Livestock feed composition containing 0.6 to 7.02% by weight of the tooth foil in the total composition. The method according to claim 6, Livestock feed composition containing 0.6 to 4.225% by weight of the tooth foil in the total composition. The method according to claim 1, The chia seed is a livestock feed composition that acts as a natural antibiotic. The method according to claim 1, The livestock is a livestock feed composition is any one selected from the group consisting of poultry, including chickens, beasts and pigs including pigs. A livestock breeding method comprising feeding a feed comprising a feed composition of any one of claims 1 to 9 to a livestock. The method according to claim 10, Livestock breeding method of supplying a negative water in addition to feeding the said feed. The method according to claim 10, Wherein the livestock is any one selected from the group consisting of poultry including chickens, beasts including pigs and fish. The method according to claim 12, Livestock breeding method of feeding the feed for two days or more. The method according to claim 13, Livestock breeding method of feeding the feed within the prohibition period of antibiotic administration. The method according to claim 14, A livestock breeding method of feeding a feed composition containing 1 to 10.8% by weight of chia seeds to the livestock. The method according to claim 15, The livestock is a broiler after 27 days of age after hatching, livestock breeding method of feeding more than 2 grams of chia seeds per day. 17. The method of claim 16, wherein the chia seeds are fed for a period of 15 days or less. The method according to claim 15, The livestock is a pig, livestock breeding method of feeding more than 30 grams of chia seeds per day. The method according to claim 14, A livestock breeding method of feeding a feed composition containing 0.6 to 7.02% by weight of tooth foil in the total composition to the livestock. The method according to claim 19, The livestock is a broiler after the age of 27 days after hatching, livestock breeding method of feeding more than 1.2 grams of toothpaste per day. The method of claim 20, Livestock breeding method of feeding the toothpaste for a period of 15 days or less. The method according to claim 19, The said livestock is a pig, The livestock breeding method which feeds more than 18 grams of tooth pastes per day. Livestock meat produced by the breeding method according to any one of claims 10 to 22. A meat processed food made using meat produced by the breeding method according to any one of claims 10 to 22. Animal pharmaceutical composition having an antimicrobial activity containing any one selected from the group consisting of chia seed, tooth foil and combinations thereof. The method according to claim 25, A pharmaceutical composition for animals having antimicrobial activity containing 0.84 to 29% by weight of chia seeds in the total composition. The method of claim 26, A pharmaceutical composition for animals having antimicrobial activity containing 1 to 10.8% by weight of chia seeds in the total composition. The method of claim 27, A pharmaceutical composition for animals having an antimicrobial activity containing 1 to 6.5% by weight of chia seeds in the total composition. The method according to claim 25, An animal pharmaceutical composition having an antimicrobial activity containing 0.504 to 18.85% by weight of tooth foil in the total composition. The method of claim 29, An animal pharmaceutical composition having an antimicrobial activity containing 0.6 to 7.02% by weight of tooth foil in the total composition. The method of claim 30, An animal pharmaceutical composition having an antimicrobial activity containing 0.6 to 4.225% by weight of tooth foil in the total composition.

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