KR20090119047A - Recycling method for lead-acid battery and device therefor - Google Patents

Recycling method for lead-acid battery and device therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20090119047A
KR20090119047A KR20080044857A KR20080044857A KR20090119047A KR 20090119047 A KR20090119047 A KR 20090119047A KR 20080044857 A KR20080044857 A KR 20080044857A KR 20080044857 A KR20080044857 A KR 20080044857A KR 20090119047 A KR20090119047 A KR 20090119047A
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South Korea
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charging
voltage
battery
discharge
lead
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KR20080044857A
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Korean (ko)
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부영주
김용훈
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부영주
김용훈
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/54—Reclaiming serviceable parts of waste accumulators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/06—Lead-acid accumulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/84—Recycling of batteries or fuel cells

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for recycling a lead-acid battery and a device thereof are provided to shorten a charging time and to increase the capacity of the reproduced lead-acid battery. CONSTITUTION: A method for recycling a lead-acid battery comprises an impact recharge step and a main recharge step. The impact recharge step applies an impact charging voltage to a lead-acid battery through a pair of lead-acid battery. The main recharge step applies a main charging voltage to the lead-acid battery continuously through a pair of lead-acid terminals.

Description

납산축전지재생방법 및 그 장치{Recycling Method for lead-Acid Battery and Device therefor}Recycling Method for lead-Acid Battery and Device therefor}

도1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 납산축전지재생장치의 전체구성도이다.1 is an overall configuration diagram of a lead acid battery regeneration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명 *Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

11 : 충전장치단자 14 : 방전선택버튼11: Charging device terminal 14: Discharge selection button

15 : 단자전압검출부 16 : 메모리15: terminal voltage detector 16: memory

17 : 제어부 20 : 충전회로부17 control unit 20 charging circuit unit

21 : 충전전압생성부 22 : 충전스위칭부21: charge voltage generation unit 22: charge switching unit

30 : 방전회로부 31 : 방전저항30: discharge circuit portion 31: discharge resistance

32 : 방전스위칭부 201 : 납산축전지32: discharge switch 201: lead acid battery

본 발명은 납산축전지재생방법 및 그 장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a lead acid battery regeneration method and an apparatus thereof.

납산축전지(Lead-Acid Battery)는 외부의 타 전원장치로부터 공급받은 전기에너지를 화학에너지로 변환시켜 저장할 수 있고 저장된 전기에너지를 부하에 공급할 수 있는 2차 전지로서, 격벽에 의해 내부공간이 복수 개(보통 6개)로 구획된 함 체와 각 구획공간에 하나씩 설치된 극판군(極板群, Cell)을 포함하고 있다.Lead-Acid Battery is a secondary battery that can convert and store electrical energy supplied from other external power supply into chemical energy and supply the stored electrical energy to the load. It contains enclosures (usually six) and groups of pole plates, one for each compartment.

각 극판군은 격리판에 의해 분리된 음극판 및 양극판과, 음극판과 양극판에 접촉하도록 수용된 전해액을 갖고 있다.Each electrode plate group has a negative electrode plate and a positive electrode plate separated by a separator plate, and an electrolyte solution accommodated in contact with the negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate.

각 음극판과 양극판은 격자(Grid)상의 기판과, 기판의 각 격자공간에 채워진 활물질을 갖고 있다.Each negative electrode plate and the positive electrode plate have a substrate on a lattice and an active material filled in each lattice space of the substrate.

기판은 납(Pb)과 안티몬(Sb)의 합금으로 제작된다.The substrate is made of an alloy of lead (Pb) and antimony (Sb).

음극판의 활물질은 분말형태의 해면상 납(Spongy Lead)을 묽은 황산으로 반죽해 페이스트(Paste) 형태로 기판의 각 격자공간에 채워 넣고 건조시킨 후 전기화학처리를 해 만든다.The active material of the negative electrode plate is made by spongy lead in powder form with dilute sulfuric acid, filled in a lattice space of the substrate in the form of paste, and dried, followed by electrochemical treatment.

양극판의 활물질은 분말형태의 과산화납을 묽은 황산으로 반죽해 페이스트(Paste) 형태로 기판의 각 격자공간에 채워 넣고 건조시킨 후 전기화학처리를 해 만든다.The active material of the positive electrode plate is made by kneading powdered lead peroxide with dilute sulfuric acid, filling it into the lattice space of the substrate in the form of a paste, and drying it, followed by electrochemical treatment.

여기서 양극판의 활물질과 음극판의 활물질은 전해액과의 접촉에 의해 화학작용이 원활하게 일어나도록 다수의 통공이 형성된다.Here, the active material of the positive electrode plate and the active material of the negative electrode plate are formed with a plurality of through-holes so that the chemical reaction occurs smoothly by contact with the electrolyte.

각 극판군은 충전된 상태에서 약 2.1V의 기전력이 발생하고, 연결편(Connector)을 통해 직렬로 연결된다.Each pole group generates about 2.1V of electromotive force in a charged state, and is connected in series through a connector.

전해액은 양극판과 음극판사이의 도전경로를 제공한다.The electrolyte provides a conductive path between the positive and negative plates.

이러한 구성을 갖는 납산축전지는 충전상태에서 한 쌍의 축전지단자를 통해 외부의 부하에 연결하여 방전시키고, 축전지단자사이의 전압이 방전종지전압에 도달하기 전에 한 쌍의 축전지단자를 통해 본충전전압을 납산축전지에 지속적으로 인 가하여 충전시키게 된다.The lead-acid battery having such a configuration discharges by being connected to an external load through a pair of battery terminals in a charged state, and before the voltage between the battery terminals reaches the discharge end voltage, The lead acid battery is continuously charged and charged.

한편 충전과 방전 과정을 반복하게 되면 방전과정에서 황산납으로 변했던 활물질이 충전과정에서 원상으로 회복하지 못하고 양극판과 음극판에 고착되는 황산화 현상(Sulfation)이 발생한다.On the other hand, if the charging and discharging process is repeated, the active material, which has been changed into lead sulfate in the discharge process, does not recover to its original state, but the sulfation is fixed to the positive electrode plate and the negative electrode plate.

이러한 황산화현상이 발생하면 다음과 같은 이유로 활물질과 전해액사이의 유효접촉이 감소하게 된다.When such sulphation occurs, the effective contact between the active material and the electrolyte is reduced for the following reasons.

첫째, 양극판 또는 음극판에 고착된 황산납에 의해 활물질과 전해액사이의 접촉면적이 감소한다.First, the contact area between the active material and the electrolyte is reduced by lead sulfate fixed to the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate.

둘째, 양극판 또는 음극판에 고착된 황산납에 의해 통공이 부분적으로 폐쇄되어 전해액이 지속적으로 통공의 내부로 확산되는 것이 제한된다. 이러한 전해액의 통공 내부확산의 제한은 충전시 양극판에서 발생하는 산소가 통공을 통과하는 동안 활물질이 변형되면서 통공의 폐쇄도가 증가함에 따라 가중된다.Second, the hole is partially closed by lead sulfate fixed to the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate, thereby limiting the diffusion of the electrolyte into the hole. The limitation of the diffusion inside the hole of the electrolyte solution is increased as the active material is deformed while oxygen generated in the positive electrode plate passes through the hole, thereby increasing the closing degree of the hole.

셋째, 활물질의 변형이 증가하면 활물질이 기판으로부터 탈락하게 된다.Third, when the deformation of the active material increases, the active material falls off from the substrate.

그리고 황산화현상이 발생하면 양극판 또는 음극판에 고착된 황산납에 의해 납산축전지 내부의 전기저항이 증가하게 된다.In addition, when sulphation occurs, the electrical resistance inside the lead-acid battery increases due to lead sulfate fixed on the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate.

그런데 종래의 납산축전지재생방법에 따르면 충전단계에서 양극판 또는 음극판에 고착된 황산납이 제거되지 않기 때문에 충전시간이 증가하고 재생된 납산축전지의 용량(재생된 납산축전지를 일정한 전류로 연속 방전해 방전종지전압에 도달할 때까지 사용 가능한 총 전기량 Ah(Amphre hour)이 감소한다는 문제점이 있었다. 재생된 납산축전지의 용량이 감소하면 재생율도 감소된다.However, according to the conventional lead acid battery regeneration method, since the lead sulfate adhered to the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate is not removed in the charging step, the charging time increases and the capacity of the regenerated lead acid battery (the discharged lead acid battery is discharged continuously with a constant current) There is a problem that the total available amount of Ah (Amphre hour) decreases until the voltage is reached, and as the capacity of the regenerated lead acid battery decreases, the regeneration rate also decreases.

따라서 본 발명의 목적은, 충전시간을 단축시킬 수 있고, 재생된 납산축전지의 용량을 증가시킬 수 있도록 한 납산축전지재생방법 및 그 장치를 제공하는 것이다.Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a lead acid storage battery regeneration method and apparatus for shortening a charging time and increasing a capacity of a regenerated lead acid storage battery.

상기 목적은, 본 발명에 따라, 한 쌍의 축전지단자를 갖는 납산축전지를 재생 충전하기 위한 납산축전지재생방법에 있어서, 상기 한 쌍의 축전지단자를 통해 충격충전전압을 납산축전지에 단속적으로 인가하는 충격충전단계와; 상기 한 쌍의 축전지단자를 통해 본충전전압을 납산축전지에 지속적으로 인가하는 본충전단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 납산축전지재생방법에 의해 달성된다.According to the present invention, in the lead acid battery regeneration method for regenerating and charging a lead acid battery having a pair of battery terminals, the impact of intermittently applying a shock charging voltage to the lead acid battery through the pair of battery terminals; A charging step; It is achieved by a lead acid battery regeneration method comprising a main charging step of continuously applying the main charge voltage to the lead acid storage battery through the pair of battery terminals.

여기서, 양극판 또는 음극판에 고착된 황산납을 효율적으로 제거할 수 있도록, 상기 충격충전전압을 납산축전지에 인가하기 전에 상기 한 쌍의 축전지단자를 통해 납산축전지를 방전회로부에 연결하여 강제 방전시키는 방전단계를 더 포함하도록 구성하는 것이 바람직하다.Here, the discharge step of forcibly discharging by connecting the lead-acid battery to the discharge circuit unit through the pair of battery terminals before applying the impact charge voltage to the lead-acid battery in order to efficiently remove the lead sulfate adhered to the positive or negative plate It is preferable to configure to further include.

그리고 충전시간을 더욱 더 단축시킬 수 있도록, 상기 한 쌍의 축전지단자사이의 전압을 검출하는 축전지단자전압검출단계를 더 포함하고; 상기 충격충전단계는 상기 한 쌍의 축전지단자사이의 전압이 축전지초기전압값을 넘어갈 때까지 실시되도록 구성하는 것이 바람직하다.And further comprising a battery terminal voltage detecting step of detecting a voltage between the pair of battery terminals to further shorten the charging time. The impact charging step is preferably configured to be performed until the voltage between the pair of battery terminals exceeds the initial voltage value of the battery.

한편 상기 목적은 본 발명의 다른 분야에 따라, 한 쌍의 축전지단자를 갖는 납산축전지를 재생 충전하기 위한 납산축전지재생장치에 있어서, 상기 한 쌍의 축 전지단자를 각각 연결하기 위한 한 쌍의 충전장치단자와; 상기 충전장치단자에 연결되어 충격충전전압과 본충전전압을 공급하는 충전전압생성부와 상기 충전전압생성부와 상기 충전장치단자사이에 개재된 충전스위칭부를 갖는 충전회로부와; 상기 충격충전전압이 단속적으로 상기 충전장치단자를 통해 납산축전지에 인가된 후 상기 본충전전압이 지속적으로 납산축전지에 인가되도록 상기 충전스위칭부의 온오프상태를 제어하는 제어부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 납산축전지재생장치에 의해 달성된다.Meanwhile, the above object is a lead acid battery regeneration device for regenerating and charging a lead acid storage battery having a pair of battery terminals according to another field of the present invention, and a pair of charging devices for connecting the pair of storage battery terminals, respectively Terminals; A charging circuit unit connected to the charging device terminal and having a charging voltage generation unit supplying an impact charging voltage and the main charging voltage and a charging switching unit interposed between the charging voltage generation unit and the charging device terminal; And a controller configured to control an on / off state of the charging switch unit such that the impact charge voltage is intermittently applied to the lead acid storage battery through the charging device terminal and the main charge voltage is continuously applied to the lead acid storage battery. Achieved by the battery regeneration device.

이하에서, 첨부도면을 참조하여 본 발명을 상세히 설명하기로 한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도1은 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 납산축전지재생장치의 전체구성도이다.1 is an overall configuration diagram of a lead acid battery regeneration device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

본 발명의 실시예에 따른 납산축전지재생장치는, 도1에 도시된 바와 같이, 외관을 형성하는 장치하우징(도시되지 않음)과, 장치하우징(도시되지 않음)의 외표면에 노출되도록 설치된 충전장치단자(11) 및 방전선택버튼(14)과, 한 쌍의 충전장치단자(11)에 연결된 충전전압생성부(21)를 갖는 충전회로부(20)와, 충전전압생성부(21)에 대하여 병렬을 이루도록 한 쌍의 충전장치단자(11)에 연결된 방전저항(31)을 갖는 방전회로부(30)와, 충전장치단자(11)사이의 전압을 검출하는 단자전압검출부(15)와, 장치하우징(도시되지 않음)의 내부에 내장된 피시비상에 구현된 메모리(16) 및 제어부(17)를 갖고 있다.The lead acid storage battery regeneration device according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, the charging device is installed so as to be exposed to the outer surface of the device housing (not shown) and the device housing (not shown) forming the appearance The charging circuit section 20 having the terminal 11 and the discharge selection button 14, the charging voltage generation section 21 connected to the pair of charging device terminals 11, and the charging voltage generation section 21 in parallel A discharge circuit section 30 having a discharge resistor 31 connected to a pair of charging device terminals 11, a terminal voltage detection unit 15 for detecting a voltage between the charging device terminals 11, and a device housing ( (Not shown) has a memory 16 and a control unit 17 implemented on the PCB.

충전장치단자(11)는 한 쌍으로 구성되고, 각 충전장치단자(11)는 상호 전기적으로 연결된 3개의 연결탭(12)을 갖도록 형성된다.The charging device terminal 11 is configured in a pair, and each charging device terminal 11 is formed to have three connection tabs 12 electrically connected to each other.

이러한 구성을 갖는 각 충전장치단자(11)는 축전지단자(201a)에 전기적으로 연결된다.Each charging device terminal 11 having such a configuration is electrically connected to the battery terminal 201a.

방전선택버튼(14)은 복귀형으로 구성되어 있고 종래 널리 알려진 바와 같은 방법으로 누름 동작시 전압형태의 방전선택신호가 제어부(17)에 전달되도록 구현할 수 있다. The discharge selection button 14 is configured in a return type and can be implemented to transmit the discharge selection signal in the form of voltage to the controller 17 during a push operation in a conventionally known manner.

충전회로부(20)는 충전전압생성부(21)에 더하여 충전전압생성부(21)와 충전장치단자(11)사이에 개재된 충전스위칭부(22)를 갖고 있다.The charging circuit unit 20 has a charging switching unit 22 interposed between the charging voltage generation unit 21 and the charging device terminal 11 in addition to the charging voltage generation unit 21.

충전전압생성부(21)는 상용전압전원에 연결되어 단일의 직류전압을 생성하도록 구성되어 있다. 즉, 종래 널리 알려진 바와 같이 상용의 교류전압을 낮은 값의 교류전압으로 변환하는 트랜스포머, 교류전압을 직류전압으로 변환하는 정류회로, 평활회로 등을 사용하여 정전압회로형태로 구현할 수 있다.The charging voltage generation unit 21 is configured to be connected to a commercial voltage power source to generate a single DC voltage. That is, as is widely known in the art, a transformer for converting a commercial AC voltage into a low value AC voltage, a rectifying circuit for converting an AC voltage to a DC voltage, a smoothing circuit, and the like may be implemented in the form of a constant voltage circuit.

충전전압생성부(21)에서 생성된 직류전압은 제어부(17)의 제어동작을 통해 충격충전전압 또는 본충전전압으로 납산축전지(201)에 인가된다. 이에 따라 충격충전전압과 본충전전압은 동일한 크기를 갖게 된다.The DC voltage generated by the charging voltage generation unit 21 is applied to the lead acid storage battery 201 as a shock charging voltage or a main charging voltage through a control operation of the controller 17. Accordingly, the impact charge voltage and the main charge voltage have the same magnitude.

충전스위칭부(22)는 SSR(Solid State Relay)를 사용하여 구현할 수 있다. The charging switching unit 22 may be implemented using a solid state relay (SSR).

방전회로부(30)는 방전저항(31)에 더하여 방전저항(31)과 충전장치단자(11)사이에 개재된 방전스위칭부(32)를 갖고 있다.The discharge circuit section 30 has a discharge switching section 32 interposed between the discharge resistor 31 and the charging device terminal 11 in addition to the discharge resistor 31.

방전스위칭부(32)는 SSR(Solid State Relay)를 사용하여 구현할 수 있다. The discharge switching unit 32 may be implemented using a solid state relay (SSR).

단자전압검출부(15)는 종래 널리 알려진 바와 같이 한 쌍의 충전장치단자(11)사이의 전압을 검출하고 검출된 전압값에 대응하는 전압형태의 검출신호가 제어부(17)로 전달되도록 구현할 수 있다.As is well known in the art, the terminal voltage detector 15 may detect a voltage between a pair of charging device terminals 11 and may transmit a detection signal in a voltage form corresponding to the detected voltage value to the controller 17. .

메모리(16)에는 작업자단말기를 통해 입력되는 납산축전지의 축전지초기전압값(재생 직전의 축전지단자사이의 전압)과 축전지재생목표전압값이 저장된다.The memory 16 stores the battery initial voltage value (voltage between the battery terminals immediately before regeneration) and the battery regeneration target voltage value of the lead acid storage battery input through the operator terminal.

제어부(17)는 입력단에 방전선택버튼(14)과 단자전압검출부(15)가 연결되어 있고, 출력단에는 방전스위칭부(32)와 충전스위칭부(22)가 각각 연결되어 있다.The control unit 17 has a discharge selection button 14 and a terminal voltage detector 15 connected to an input terminal, and a discharge switching unit 32 and a charging switching unit 22 are respectively connected to an output terminal.

이러한 구성을 갖는 본 발명의 실시예에 따른 납산축전지재생장치를 사용하여 납산축전지를 재생 충전하는 방법을 설명하면 다음과 같다.Referring to the method of regenerating and charging a lead acid storage battery using the lead acid battery regeneration device according to an embodiment of the present invention having such a configuration as follows.

먼저 재생 대상이 되는 납산축전지(201)의 축전지초기전압값(재생시마다 측정)을 작업단말기를 통해 입력하여 메모리(16)에 저장한다. 여기서 축전지초기전압값은 단자전압검출부(15)로부터의 초기입력값에 기초하여 제어부(17)가 산출하고 산출된 축전지초기전압값을 메모리(16)에 저장되도록 구현할 수 있다.First, the battery initial voltage value (measured at every regeneration) of the lead acid storage battery 201 to be regenerated is input through a work terminal and stored in the memory 16. The battery initial voltage value may be implemented by the controller 17 based on the initial input value from the terminal voltage detector 15 and the calculated battery initial voltage value is stored in the memory 16.

다음에 한 쌍의 축전지단자(201a)를 한 쌍의 충전장치단자(11)에 연결한다.Next, the pair of battery terminals 201a are connected to the pair of charging terminal 11.

다음에 작업자가 방전선택버튼(14)을 누름조작하면 제어부(17)에는 방전선택신호가 입력된다.Next, when the operator presses the discharge select button 14, the discharge select signal is input to the controller 17.

다음에 제어부(17)는 방전저항(31)이 충전장치단자(11)에 연결되었다가, 다시 연결상태가 해제되도록 방전스위칭부(32)를 온오프시킨다. 여기서 방전스위칭부(32)의 온상태는 한 쌍의 축전지단자(201a)사이의 전압이 방전종지전압이하로 하강할 때까지 지속되어도 무방하다.Next, the controller 17 turns the discharge switch 32 on and off so that the discharge resistor 31 is connected to the charging device terminal 11 and the connection state is released again. Here, the on state of the discharge switching unit 32 may be maintained until the voltage between the pair of battery terminals 201a falls below the discharge end voltage.

다음에 제어부(17)는 방전스위칭부(32)가 오프상태일 때 충전전압생성부(21)에서 생성된 직류전압이 단속적으로 납산축전지(201)에 인가되도록 충전스위칭부(22)를 반복하여 온오프시킨다. 여기서 충전스위칭부(22)의 반복 온오프제어는 단자전압검출부(15)로부터의 검출신호와 메모리(16)에 저장된 축전지초기전압값에 기초하여 충전장치단자(11)사이의 전압이 축전지초기전압값을 넘어갈 때까지 이루어진다. 이에 따라 충격충전전압이 납산축전지(201)에 인가된다.Next, the control unit 17 repeats the charging switching unit 22 so that the DC voltage generated by the charging voltage generation unit 21 is intermittently applied to the lead acid storage battery 201 when the discharge switching unit 32 is in the off state. Turn it on and off. Here, the repeated on / off control of the charging switching unit 22 is based on the detection signal from the terminal voltage detector 15 and the initial voltage value of the battery stored in the memory 16. Until the value is exceeded. Accordingly, the impact charge voltage is applied to the lead acid storage battery 201.

납산축전지(201)에 충격충전전압이 인가되는 동안 양극판 또는 음극판에 고착된 황산납에 전기적 충격이 가해지면서 충전화학반응이 일어나고 이에 따라 양극판 또는 음극판에 고착된 황산납은 양극판 또는 음극판으로부터 분리된다.While the shock charging voltage is applied to the lead-acid storage battery 201, electric shock is applied to the lead sulfate adhered to the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate, and a charge chemical reaction occurs. Accordingly, the lead sulfate adhered to the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate is separated from the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate.

다음에 제어부(17)는 충전전압생성부(21)에서 생성된 직류전압이 지속적으로 납산축전지(201)에 인가되도록 충전스위칭부(22)를 온시킨다. 이에 따라 납산축전지(201)에 본충전전압이 인가된다. 본충전전압이 인가된 후 토핑충전(본충전전압에 의해 높은 전류로 균등충전된 후 납산축전지가 포화 상태에 도달할 때까지 충전전류값을 낮추어 가면서 하는 충전), 부동충전(충전이 완료된 후 자가방전을 보충해 주는 충전) 등의 과정을 추가할 수 있다.Next, the controller 17 turns on the charging switch 22 so that the DC voltage generated by the charge voltage generator 21 is continuously applied to the lead acid storage battery 201. Accordingly, the main charge voltage is applied to the lead acid storage battery 201. Topping charging after the main charging voltage is applied (charging by lowering the charging current value until the lead-acid battery reaches saturation after being equally charged with high current by the main charging voltage), floating charging (self-charging after completion of charging) Charging, which compensates for the discharge, can be added.

다음에 제어부(17)는 단자전압검출부(15)로부터의 검출신호와 메모리(16)에 저장된 축전지재생목표전압값에 기초하여 충전장치단자(11)사이의 전압이 축전지재생목표전압값에 도달하면 충전스위칭부(22)를 오프시킨다.Next, when the voltage between the charging device terminal 11 reaches the battery regeneration target voltage value based on the detection signal from the terminal voltage detector 15 and the battery regeneration target voltage value stored in the memory 16. The charging switching unit 22 is turned off.

마지막으로 축전지단자(201a)와 충전장치단자(11)사이의 연결상태를 해제한 후, 동일한 방법으로 다른 납산축전지를 재생 충전시킨다.Finally, after the connection between the battery terminal 201a and the charging device terminal 11 is released, other lead acid storage batteries are regenerated and charged in the same manner.

상술한 바와 같이 본 발명의 실시예에 따르면, 본충전전압을 납산축전지(201)에 인가하기 전에 충격충전전압을 인가하여 양극판 또는 음극판에 고착된 황산납을 제거함으로써, 충전시간을 단축시킬 수 있고, 재생된 납산축전지의 용량 을 증가시킬 수 있게 된다. 재생된 납산축전지의 용량이 증가하면 재생율도 향상된다.According to the embodiment of the present invention as described above, the charging time can be shortened by removing the lead sulfate adhered to the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate by applying the impact charge voltage before applying the main charge voltage to the lead acid storage battery 201. As a result, the capacity of the regenerated lead-acid battery can be increased. As the capacity of the regenerated lead acid accumulator increases, the regeneration rate also improves.

실제 본 발명의 실시예에 다른 납산축전지의 용량 증가 효과를 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다.Actually, the result of measuring the capacity increase effect of the lead-acid battery according to the embodiment of the present invention is as follows.

Figure 112008034382338-PAT00001
Figure 112008034382338-PAT00001

그리고 충격충전전압을 납산축전지에 인가하기 전에 납산축전지를 강제 방전시킴으로써, 양극판 또는 음극판에 고착된 황산납을 효율적으로 제거할 수 있게 된다(양극판 또는 음극판에 고착된 황산납에 가해지는 전기적 충격이 커짐). 그리고 충격전압인가에 따른 열발생율을 감소시킬 수 있게 된다(방전에 의해 충격전압의 크기를 줄일 수 있음).       By forcibly discharging the lead-acid battery before the impact charge voltage is applied to the lead-acid battery, the lead sulfate adhered to the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate can be efficiently removed (the electric shock applied to the lead sulfate adhered to the positive electrode plate or the negative electrode plate is increased. ). The heat generation rate due to the application of the impact voltage can be reduced (the magnitude of the impact voltage can be reduced by the discharge).

또한 한 쌍의 축전지단자(201a)사이의 전압이 축전지초기전압값을 넘어갈 때 까지 충격충전전압을 납산축전지에 인가되도록 함으로써, 충전시간을 더욱 더 단축시킬 수 있게 된다.In addition, the charging time is further shortened by applying the shock charging voltage to the lead-acid battery until the voltage between the pair of battery terminals 201a exceeds the initial battery voltage value.

한편 전술한 실시예에서는 단일의 직류전압을 생성하도록 충전전압생성부(21)를 구성하고 있으나, 각 충격충전전압과 본충전전압에 대응하는 두개의 직류전압(전압값을 달리함)을 생성하도록 충전전압생성부(21)를 구성하여 본 발명을 실시할 수 있다.Meanwhile, in the above-described embodiment, the charging voltage generation unit 21 is configured to generate a single DC voltage, but to generate two DC voltages (different voltage values) corresponding to each shock charging voltage and the main charging voltage. The present invention can be implemented by configuring the charge voltage generation unit 21.

그리고 전술한 실시예에서는 제어부(17)를 통해 방전저항(31)과 충전장치단자(11)사이의 전기적 연결을 개폐하도록 구성하고 있으나, 작업자가 방전조작스위치를 조작하여 방전저항(31)과 충전장치단자(11)사이의 전기적 연결을 개폐하도록 본 발명을 실시할 수 있다(방전조작스위치는 첫 번째 누름 조작시 방전스위칭부가 온상태가 되고 두 번째 누름 조작시 방전스위칭부가 오프상태가 되도록 하고, 제어부는 별도로 마련된 충전선택버튼으로부터 충전선택신호가 입력될 때 충전스위칭부의 온오프상태를 제어하도록 함).In the above-described embodiment, the controller 17 is configured to open and close the electrical connection between the discharge resistor 31 and the charging device terminal 11, but the operator operates the discharge operation switch to charge the discharge resistor 31. The present invention can be practiced to open and close the electrical connection between the device terminals 11 (discharge operation switch is to make the discharge switching unit is turned on during the first pressing operation and the discharge switching unit is turned off during the second pressing operation, The control unit controls the on / off state of the charging switch unit when the charging selection signal is input from the separately provided charging selection button.

따라서 본 발명에 따르면, 본충전전압을 납산축전지에 인가하기 전에 충격충전전압을 인가하여 양극판 또는 음극판에 고착된 황산납을 제거함으로써, 충전시간을 단축시킬 수 있고, 재생된 납산축전지의 용량을 증가시킬 수 있다. 재생된 납산축전지의 용량이 증가하면 재생율도 향상된다.Therefore, according to the present invention, by applying the impact charge voltage before removing the main charge voltage to the lead-acid battery, by removing the lead sulfate fixed on the positive electrode plate or negative electrode plate, the charging time can be shortened, and the capacity of the regenerated lead acid battery is increased. You can. As the capacity of the regenerated lead acid accumulator increases, the regeneration rate also improves.

Claims (7)

한 쌍의 축전지단자를 갖는 납산축전지를 재생 충전하기 위한 납산축전지재생방법에 있어서,In a lead acid battery regeneration method for regenerating and charging a lead acid battery having a pair of battery terminals, 상기 한 쌍의 축전지단자를 통해 충격충전전압을 납산축전지에 단속적으로 인가하는 충격충전단계와;An impact charging step of intermittently applying an impact charging voltage to the lead acid storage battery through the pair of battery terminals; 상기 한 쌍의 축전지단자를 통해 본충전전압을 납산축전지에 지속적으로 인가하는 본충전단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 납산축전지재생방법.And a main charging step of continuously applying the main charging voltage to the lead acid storage battery through the pair of battery terminals. 제1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 충격충전전압을 납산축전지에 인가하기 전에 상기 한 쌍의 축전지단자를 통해 납산축전지를 방전회로부에 연결하여 강제 방전시키는 방전단계를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 납산축전지재생방법.And a discharge step of forcibly discharging the lead-acid battery by connecting the lead-acid battery to a discharge circuit unit through the pair of battery terminals before applying the impact charge voltage to the lead-acid battery. 제2항에 있어서,The method of claim 2, 상기 한 쌍의 축전지단자사이의 전압을 검출하는 축전지단자전압검출단계를 더 포함하고;A battery terminal voltage detection step of detecting a voltage between the pair of battery terminals; 상기 충격충전단계는 상기 한 쌍의 축전지단자사이의 전압이 축전지초기전압값을 넘어갈 때까지 실시되는 것을 특징으로 하는 납산축전지재생방법.The impact charging step is a lead acid battery regeneration method characterized in that the voltage is carried out until the voltage between the pair of battery terminals exceeds the initial voltage value of the battery. 한 쌍의 축전지단자를 갖는 납산축전지를 재생 충전하기 위한 납산축전지재생장치에 있어서,In a lead acid battery regeneration device for regenerating and charging a lead acid storage battery having a pair of battery terminals, 상기 한 쌍의 축전지단자를 각각 연결하기 위한 한 쌍의 충전장치단자와;A pair of charging device terminals for connecting the pair of battery terminals, respectively; 상기 충전장치단자에 연결되어 충격충전전압과 본충전전압을 공급하는 충전전압생성부와 상기 충전전압생성부와 상기 충전장치단자사이에 개재된 충전스위칭부를 갖는 충전회로부와;A charging circuit unit connected to the charging device terminal and having a charging voltage generation unit supplying an impact charging voltage and the main charging voltage and a charging switching unit interposed between the charging voltage generation unit and the charging device terminal; 상기 충격충전전압이 단속적으로 상기 충전장치단자를 통해 납산축전지에 인가된 후 상기 본충전전압이 지속적으로 납산축전지에 인가되도록 상기 충전스위칭부의 온오프상태를 제어하는 제어부를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 납산축전지재생장치.And a controller configured to control an on / off state of the charging switch unit such that the impact charge voltage is intermittently applied to the lead acid storage battery through the charging device terminal and the main charge voltage is continuously applied to the lead acid storage battery. Battery regeneration device. 제4항에 있어서,The method of claim 4, wherein 상기 한 쌍의 충전장치단자에 상기 충전회로부에 대하여 병렬로 연결된 방전저항과, 외부조작시 상기 방전저항과 상기 충전장치단자사이의 전기적 연결을 개폐하는 방전조작스위치를 갖는 방전회로부를 더 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 납산축전지재생장치.And a discharge circuit part having a discharge resistor connected to the pair of charging device terminals in parallel with respect to the charging circuit part, and a discharge operation switch for opening and closing an electrical connection between the discharge resistance and the charging device terminal during an external operation. Lead acid battery regeneration device characterized in that. 제4항에 있어서,The method of claim 4, wherein 상기 충전전압생성부에 대하여 병렬을 이루도록 상기 한 쌍의 충전장치단자에 연결된 방전저항과 상기 방전저항과 상기 충전장치단자사이에 개재된 방전스위 칭부를 갖는 방전회로부와, 상기 방전스위칭부의 온오프상태를 선택조작하기 위한 방전선택버튼을 더 포함하고;A discharge circuit part having a discharge resistance connected to the pair of charging device terminals and a discharge switching part interposed between the discharge resistance and the charging device terminal so as to be parallel to the charging voltage generation part, and an on-off state of the discharge switching part And a discharge selection button for selecting and operating; 상기 제어부는 상기 방전선택버튼으로부터의 방전선택신호에 기초하여 상기 충격충전전압이 납산축전지에 인가되기 전에 상기 방전저항이 상기 충전장치단자에 연결되었다가 다시 연결상태가 해제되도록 상기 방전스위칭부의 온오프상태를 제어하고, 상기 방전스위칭부가 오프상태일 때 상기 충격충전전압과 상기 본충전전압이 납산축전지에 인가되도록 상기 충전스위칭부의 온오프상태를 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 납산축전지재생장치. The control unit turns on / off the discharge switching unit so that the discharge resistance is connected to the charging device terminal and then disconnected again before the impact charge voltage is applied to the lead acid battery based on the discharge selection signal from the discharge selection button. And controlling the on / off state of the charge switching unit so that the impact charge voltage and the main charge voltage are applied to the lead acid storage battery when the discharge switching unit is in the off state. 제5항 또는 제6항에 있어서,The method according to claim 5 or 6, 상기 충전장치단자사이의 전압을 검출하는 단자전압검출부를 더 포함하고;A terminal voltage detection unit detecting a voltage between the charging device terminals; 상기 제어부는 상기 단자전압검출부로부터의 검출신호에 기초하여 상기 충전장치단자사이의 전압이 축전지초기전압값을 넘어갈 때까지 상기 충격충전전압이 납산축전지에 인가되도록 상기 충전스위칭부의 온오프상태를 제어하는 것을 특징으로 하는 납산축전지재생장치.The control unit controls the on / off state of the charging switch unit so that the impact charge voltage is applied to the lead acid storage battery until the voltage between the charging device terminals exceeds the initial battery voltage value based on the detection signal from the terminal voltage detector. Lead acid battery regeneration device, characterized in that.
KR20080044857A 2008-05-15 2008-05-15 Recycling method for lead-acid battery and device therefor KR20090119047A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106654394A (en) * 2016-12-27 2017-05-10 超威电源有限公司 Efficient formation production method and apparatus for storage battery
KR102532850B1 (en) * 2023-01-06 2023-05-15 윤혜련 Charging and discharging system for lead acid batteries

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106654394A (en) * 2016-12-27 2017-05-10 超威电源有限公司 Efficient formation production method and apparatus for storage battery
CN106654394B (en) * 2016-12-27 2019-02-15 超威电源有限公司 A kind of efficient chemical conversion production method and its device of battery
KR102532850B1 (en) * 2023-01-06 2023-05-15 윤혜련 Charging and discharging system for lead acid batteries

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