KR20090113468A - Method and Terminal for Collecting Traffic Information - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method and a terminal for collecting traffic information are provided to minimize data loss and communication costs by combining communication between vehicles with communication between a vehicle and roadside equipment. CONSTITUTION: In a method and a terminal for collecting traffic information, a source vehicle generates traveling data by each section. If traveling data traveling data are accumulated by a certain degree, it is relayed under a relay condition. Each neighboring traffic information is updated based on traveling data which a forward direction vehicle behind the source vehicle receives. A vehicle is determined as a relay vehicle from vehicles behind the source vehicle and it is satisfied with the relay condition of the source vehicle. A relay vehicle relays the received travelling data to the roadside equipment or adds another relay condition to the received data.

Description

Method and terminal for collecting traffic information

The present invention relates to a method for collecting traffic information using vehicle-to-vehicle communication, and communication between a vehicle and a roadside base station, and a terminal for collecting such traffic information.

In order to alleviate congestion or congestion of roads, development of technologies for providing road traffic information to drivers in real time is being actively conducted.

Currently, traffic information is collected by a vehicle equipped with a special terminal, driving a road, obtaining road traffic information, and transmitting it to a remote center using a wireless communication network such as CDMA or an RF base station network. The center processes the collected road traffic information into the information required by the road driver and provides it to the driver.

However, in the conventional traffic information collection method, it is necessary to increase the vehicle equipped with a terminal in order to collect traffic information that can accurately reflect the actual road traffic situation, and as the terminal increases, the wireless communication fee increases. The cost burden is large. In addition, in the case of using the RF base station network, traffic information can be collected only when the vehicle equipped with the terminal is within the communication network range with the base station, thereby failing to obtain necessary information in a timely manner and losing data. .

On the other hand, in recent years, a technology for collecting traffic information using vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) and using it for road driving has been developed. In general, vehicle-to-vehicle communication allows real-time data to be transmitted and received by wireless communication with a vehicle traveling at a speed of up to 180Km / h at a radius of up to 1Km. In addition, it has not been able to collect more comprehensive wide area traffic information by combining vehicle-to-infrastructure (V2I) with such inter-vehicle communication. The traffic information exchange method introduced in Korean Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-0096111 is an example of such a prior art.

The present invention has been proposed to solve such a problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a traffic information collection method and a terminal capable of minimizing communication cost and data loss by combining communication between vehicles and communication between a vehicle and a roadside base station. .

In addition, it is an object of the present invention to provide a traffic information collection method and a terminal that can obtain traffic information of a wide area even with a small facility investment.

Traffic information collection method and terminal according to the present invention for achieving the above object, the process of the source vehicle to generate the driving data for each unit section, the broadcast process by attaching a relay condition to the accumulated accumulated data; Updating surrounding traffic information based on driving data received by a forward vehicle following a source vehicle; And a vehicle that satisfies the relay condition set by the source vehicle among the forward vehicles following the source vehicle becomes a relay vehicle and broadcasts the received driving data to another relay condition or broadcasts the received driving data to the roadside base station. Including; outgoing process.

Preferably, the source vehicle or the relay vehicle adds at least one of the current driving direction or the position information of the vehicle to the driving data when the driving data is broadcasted, and the vehicle around the vehicle receives the driving direction and the position information. It is used to determine whether or not the driving data broadcasting vehicle is a preceding forward vehicle.

Also preferably, the number of retransmissions is limited as the relay condition, and the driving data is link unit speed data calculated through map matching.

Further, preferably, the source vehicle broadcasts the accumulated driving data when the accumulated unit driving data reaches a preset maximum value, and the source vehicle queues a queue before the broadcasting if the driving data is accumulated at a predetermined level. Perform data update through

Preferably, priority is given to transmission of the roadside base station from the surrounding vehicle and the roadside base station, and the roadside base station transmits the driving data received from the vehicle to the remote center through a dedicated line, and the remote center transmits the received driving data. Generate traffic information as a basis.

On the other hand, the traffic information collection terminal is capable of communication between vehicles and between the vehicle and the roadside base station, and receives GPS data to generate driving data for each unit section of the vehicle. Broadcast with broadcast condition. When the driving data is received from the surrounding vehicle, the terminal determines whether the surrounding vehicle is a preceding forward vehicle, and if so, updates the existing surrounding traffic information based on the received driving data. When the relay condition is detected and the relay condition is met, another relay condition is added to the received driving data for broadcasting or the received driving data is transmitted to the roadside base station.

According to the traffic information collection method and terminal as described above, communication costs and data loss caused by the collection of traffic information are minimized.

In addition, it is possible to obtain wide-area traffic information with a relatively small facility investment.

Hereinafter, a traffic information collecting method and terminal according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1a to Figure 1c, the traffic information collection method according to the embodiment, a plurality of vehicles (moving body) equipped with a traffic collection terminal to generate the road traffic information that is shared with each other via the roadside base station via V2V The vehicle is provided to the roadside base station via V2I (see FIG. 1A), and the remote center is obtained by obtaining road traffic information from the roadside base station via a dedicated line (see FIG. 1B). The traffic information thus collected is processed at a remote center and provided again to a vehicle passing around a roadside base station through a roadside base station (see FIG. 1C).

A process of generating road traffic information (driving data) in a vehicle equipped with a terminal will be described with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B.

While the terminal-mounted vehicle A001 is driving on the road, GPS data (Raw data) is received from a navigation or GPS terminal mounted on the vehicle (see FIGS. 2A and 1) to generate driving data for each unit section of the vehicle (FIGS. 2B and 2B). See Table 2) and accumulate it. GPS data basically includes GPS signal acquisition time and absolute coordinates (X, Y) (see Table 1). With this time / position data, map matching technique can be used to obtain the section speed in link units (see Table 2). Can be. As shown in Table 2, the driving data includes at least an acquisition time, a link ID, and a speed, and may additionally include information about a node start point (SID) and a node end point (EID).

[Table 1] GPS data collected in real time

index Acquisition time X coordinate Y coordinate N1 hh: mm: ss: yy: mm: dd xx.xxx xx.xxx N2 hh: mm: ss: yy: mm: dd xx.xxx xx.xxx N3 hh: mm: ss: yy: mm: dd xx.xxx xx.xxx N4 hh: mm: ss: yy: mm: dd xx.xxx xx.xxx

[Table 2] Driving data updated in real time

index Acquisition time Link speed Node SID Node EID Link id One hh: mm: ss: yy: mm: dd 00 N001 N002 L001 2 hh: mm: ss: yy: mm: dd 00 N002 N003 L002 3 hh: mm: ss: yy: mm: dd 00 N003 N004 L003 4 hh: mm: ss: yy: mm: dd 00 N004 N005 L004

As described above, the generated driving data for each link unit is accumulated up to a certain level, and when Max N is reached, it is transmitted to the surrounding vehicles through V2V (of course, may be transmitted when a certain time elapses from the initial collection time). . Max N settings are made in consideration of the amount of data that can be transmitted through V2V and whether or not it can be meaningful as traffic information. On the other hand, if the vehicle is passing through the roadside base station, and transmits the accumulated travel data to the roadside base station via V2I rather than V2V.

A process of sharing driving data between vehicles will be described with reference to FIG. 3.

As mentioned above, when the terminal-equipped vehicle reaches max N pieces of driving data, the terminal-equipped vehicle transmits V2V to the surrounding vehicles (hereinafter, the driving data transmission vehicle is referred to as a "source vehicle"). Since there is no pre-set interconnection between driving vehicles, the transmission method uses a broadcasting form. Preferably, the source vehicle A001 broadcasts the current driving direction and / or location information of the vehicle to the driving data, and the surrounding vehicles B001 to B004 may use the information from the source vehicle to broadcast the source vehicle A001. Check that the data received from the device is valid data.

Valid data is determined based on whether the source vehicle is a preceding forward vehicle. That is, when the source vehicle is the preceding forward vehicle, it is regarded as valid data. When the source vehicle is the following vehicle or the reverse vehicle, the received driving data is regarded as invalid and is ignored. In the case of FIG. 3, the driving data from the source vehicle A001 becomes meaningful only in the case of the B004 vehicle among the surrounding vehicles. As such, when only the driving data from the preceding forward vehicle is viewed as valid data, the trailing vehicle can quickly acquire the road traffic information in front of its own V2V communication range (1 km) by repeating the sequential V2V communication. Will be. On the other hand, the driving data received from the vehicle behind can hardly be regarded as traffic information for the preceding vehicle.

In FIG. 4A, the driving data generated by the source vehicle during the road driving process is displayed on the road so that the driving data can be easily recognized. In FIG. 4B, the surrounding vehicle (which may of course be the source vehicle) is generated during the road driving process. The driving data is displayed on the road. When the surrounding vehicle (a forward vehicle following the source vehicle) receives the driving data from the source vehicle, the surrounding vehicle updates its surrounding traffic information based on the received driving data. If the driving data received from the source vehicle, that is, the speed of the link section is not included in the surrounding traffic information (which can be stored in the navigation or the terminal itself), simply add the speed of the link section as shown in FIG. 4C. do. If there is existing data for the corresponding link section, the latest data is selected by comparing the creation time of the existing data with the received data.

On the other hand, the source vehicle adds a relay condition of the driving data at the time of broadcasting the broadcast data in order to prevent repetitive retransmission of the obsolete old data and data congestion. The process will be described with reference to FIG. 5.

First, a vehicle in a specific position as a relay condition is selected as a relay vehicle. The transmission distance is limited by the communication between vehicles, so that multi-hop transmission is performed to compensate for this, and surrounding vehicles are modeled as a MANET (Mobile Ad Hoc Network) structure in communication oligopoly around the source vehicle. As the protocol, an SNB (Stem and Branch) protocol and a Least Common Neighbor (LCN) protocol are used, and a relay vehicle is selected according to the protocol of each protocol. Naturally, as shown in FIG. 5, the relay vehicle is selected among forward vehicles that are trailing with respect to the source vehicle.

Next, the number of retransmissions is limited as a relay condition. When the source vehicle limits the number of initial retransmissions to five times when the source vehicle broadcasts, a relay condition is added in which the number of retransmissions is reduced by one time when the relay vehicle subsequently retransmits the received driving data. This relayed driving data is collected through a roadside base station to a remote center during five retransmission processes, or simply used to update surrounding traffic information of vehicles.

When a vehicle equipped with a terminal accumulates a certain level of driving data generated while driving on a road, the terminal performs data update through a queue before broadcasting. That is, when the maximum number of unit driving data reaches N, the unit driving data is discarded in the order of generation long before the broadcast, and the latest driving data is updated.

FIG. 6 illustrates a process of collecting traffic information by transmitting driving data acquired from neighboring vehicles to a roadside base station through inter-vehicle communication. The road traffic information thus collected from multiple vehicles is transmitted to a remote center and processed into traffic information useful to the driver.

On the other hand, the traffic information collection terminal is designed to perform the function described above. As an example, the terminal may include a GPS receiver, a data storage, a controller, and a transceiver for V2V and V2I communication.

While specific embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the claims below. It is to be understood that various modifications and changes can be made.

1A to 1C are diagrams for conceptual explanation of a method for collecting traffic information according to the present invention;

2A and 2B are views for explaining a driving data (road traffic information) generating method according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a view for explaining a driving data (road communication information) receiving condition according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4A to 4C are diagrams for explaining a process of updating surrounding traffic information based on the received driving data;

5 is a view for explaining driving data (road communication information) relay condition according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a diagram for describing a process of collecting driving data (road communication information) obtained through inter-vehicle communication through a roadside base station.

Claims (8)

A traffic information collection method using communication between vehicles and between a vehicle and a roadside base station, Generating, by the source vehicle, driving data for each unit section, and broadcasting by attaching a relay condition to the driving data accumulated at a predetermined level; Updating surrounding traffic information based on driving data received by a forward vehicle following a source vehicle; And A vehicle that meets the relay condition set by the source vehicle among the forward vehicles following the source vehicle becomes a relay vehicle, and broadcasts the received driving data with another relay condition or transmits the received driving data to the roadside base station. Traffic information collection method comprising the. The method of claim 1, wherein the source vehicle or the relay vehicle adds at least one or more of the current driving direction or position information of the vehicle to the driving data when the driving data is broadcast. The traffic information collection method of claim 1, wherein the number of retransmissions is limited as the relay condition. The method of claim 1, wherein the driving data is link unit speed data calculated through map matching. The traffic information collection method of claim 1, wherein the accumulated driving data is broadcast when the accumulated unit driving data reaches a preset maximum value. The traffic information collection method according to claim 1, wherein priority is given to transmission to the roadside base station from the surrounding vehicle and the roadside base station. The method of claim 1, wherein the roadside base station transmits driving data received from the vehicle to a remote center through a dedicated line, and the remote center generates traffic information based on the received driving data. A traffic information collection terminal capable of communicating between vehicles and between a vehicle and a roadside base station, Receives GPS data and generates driving data for each unit section of the vehicle.If the driving data is accumulated at a predetermined level, broadcast data is added to the accumulated driving data with a relay condition. When the driving data is received from the surrounding vehicle, it is determined whether the surrounding vehicle is a preceding forward vehicle, and if so, the existing surrounding traffic information is updated based on the received driving data, and the received relay condition is detected to relay the condition. And the traffic information collection terminal broadcasts the received driving data with another relay condition or transmits the received driving data to the roadside base station.

Images