KR20090106056A - Separate sorter for metal collection from PCB - Google Patents

Separate sorter for metal collection from PCB Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20090106056A
KR20090106056A KR1020080031548A KR20080031548A KR20090106056A KR 20090106056 A KR20090106056 A KR 20090106056A KR 1020080031548 A KR1020080031548 A KR 1020080031548A KR 20080031548 A KR20080031548 A KR 20080031548A KR 20090106056 A KR20090106056 A KR 20090106056A
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South Korea
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pcb
water tank
powder
tank
supply
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KR1020080031548A
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Korean (ko)
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KR100926801B1 (en
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김진수
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주식회사 동방이엠티
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/28—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by sink-float separation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
    • B03B5/02—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating using shaken, pulsated or stirred beds as the principal means of separation
    • B03B5/10—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating using shaken, pulsated or stirred beds as the principal means of separation on jigs
    • B03B5/20—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating using shaken, pulsated or stirred beds as the principal means of separation on jigs using pulses generated by air injection
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse

Abstract

PURPOSE: An apparatus for collecting metals from waste PCB is provided to separate the waste PCB into synthetic resin and metals even through the PCB powder gets humidified and precipitates. CONSTITUTION: An apparatus for collecting metals from waste PCB comprises a supply container(20) for supplying PCB powder and a bath(10) located below the supply container. A switch plate(21) is positioned near the bath and switches the supply container to flow the PCB powder out. A stirrer(22) is located inside the supply container and stirs the PCB powder not to become a mass. The bath includes an outlet(17) on it. A spraying nozzle(16) pushes the PCB powder and water toward the outlet. A transferring conveyor(11) includes a transferring scraper(12) for scraping the bottom of the bath to transfer a precipitated metal. A discharging conveyor(15) is inclinedly connected from the lower part of the transferring conveyor to the upper part of the bath.

Description

폐피씨비로부터 금속을 회수하기 위한 분리선별기{Separate sorter for metal collection from PCB}Separate sorter for metal collection from PCBs

본 발명은 인쇄회로기판(Printed Circuit Borad; 이하 PCB라 함)의 금속성분(주로 구리)을 회수하여 재활용하기 위한 장치에 관한 것으로, PCB의 가공과정에서 발생하는 분말이나 미세한 입자 또는 파쇄 또는 분쇄된 폐PCB의 입자(이하 'PCB가루'라 함)를 물이 담긴 수조 속에서 비중차이와 에어펌핑을 통해 순수한 PCB가루와 금속을 용이하게 분리하기 위한 분리선별기에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to an apparatus for recovering and recycling a metal component (mainly copper) of a printed circuit board (hereinafter, referred to as a PCB). The present invention relates to a separator for easily separating pure PCB powder and metal through specific gravity difference and air pumping in a water tank containing waste PCB particles (hereinafter referred to as 'PCB powder').

PCB는 집적 회로, 저항기 또는 스위치 등의 전기적 부품들이 납땜으로 연결되는 얇은 판을 말하는 것으로, 모든 전자제품은 물론 자동차 및 휴대전화에도 사용되는 필수부품 중의 하나이다. PCB는 크게 나누면 절연체인 얇은 합성수지 판과 도전체인 금속으로 이루어져 있다.PCB is a thin plate in which electrical components such as integrated circuits, resistors or switches are connected by soldering, and is one of the essential parts used in all electronic products as well as automobiles and mobile phones. The PCB is roughly divided into a thin plastic plate that is an insulator and a metal that is a conductor.

근래에 들어서는 전자제품 및 휴대전화의 유행기간이 짧아져서 사용자의 싫증으로 버려지는 전자제품과 휴대전화로 인해 환경문제가 점점 심각해지는 실정이며, 이들 버려지는 전자제품 및 휴대전화에도 PCB는 필수적으로 사용되는 부품이어서 PCB의 합성수지와 금속재료들도 환경문제의 주범이 되고 있다.In recent years, due to the shortening of the epidemic period of electronic products and mobile phones, environmental problems are becoming more serious due to electronic products and mobile phones, which are thrown away by users' discomfort. PCBs are also essential for these abandoned electronic products and mobile phones. As a result, PCB resins and metal materials are also leading environmental problems.

아울러 PCB를 가공하는 공정에서도 많은 PCB가루가 발생하는데 이러한 가루에는 많은 금속이 포함되어 있는 상태이나, 회수가 까다로워 이에 대한 대비책이 요구되었던 것이며, 특히 비철금속을 위주로 세계적인 원자재 가격이 상승하고 있는 현실로서 폐 자재로부터 금속의 회수 및 재활용이 매우 요구되는 실정이다. In addition, a lot of PCB powder is generated in the process of PCB processing, and this powder contains a lot of metals, but it was difficult to recover, so it was necessary to prepare for it. Especially, the price of global raw materials, especially non-ferrous metals, is rising. Recovery and recycling of metals from materials is very demanding.

이러한 실정으로 인해 폐PCB 등의 PCB가루로부터 구리 등의 금속성분을 회수하여 재활용하는 수단이 필요하게 되었는데, 수지재질에 포함된 구리 등의 성분을 효과적으로 분리하기에는 시간과 비용이 많이 소요되고 효율적인 분리가 어려운 단점이 있었던바, 본 발명은 폐PCB의 재질인 합성수지가 비중에 의해 물에 뜨는 현상을 이용하고, PCB가루가 물을 머금어 침전하는 현상이 생기더라도 효과적으로 합성수지와 금속을 선별할 수 있는 선별기를 제공하고자 하는 목적으로 발명되었다.As a result of this situation, a means of recovering and recycling metal components such as copper from PCB powders such as waste PCBs has been required. However, it is time-consuming and expensive and efficient to separate the components of copper contained in the resin material effectively. The present invention utilizes the phenomenon that the synthetic resin, which is the material of the waste PCB, floats in water due to its specific gravity, and the sorter can effectively select the synthetic resin and the metal even when PCB powder is sedimented with water. It was invented for the purpose of providing.

본 발명은 PCB가루를 물이 담긴 수조에 넣고, 비중 차이에 의해 PCB가루는 물에 뜨게 하면서 물 분사에 의해 일측 배출구로 밀려나 배출되게 하고 가라앉은 금속성분은 바닥을 긁으면서 회전하는 체인에 의해 분리 배출토록 하며, 수조하부에서의 에어펌핑으로 물을 머금어 비중이 커진 PCB가루를 부유시켜 PCB가루가 가라앉아 금속과 같이 분리되는 것을 방지토록 함을 특징으로 한다.The present invention is to put the PCB powder in the tank containing water, the PCB powder is floated to the water outlet by the water injection while the PCB powder floats due to the difference in specific gravity, and the sinking metal components are separated by the rotating chain while scratching the floor. It is discharged, and the air is pumped from the bottom of the water tank to float the PCB powder, which has a high specific gravity, so as to prevent PCB powder from sinking and separating like metal.

본 발명에 의하면 비중 차이에 의해 PCB가루가 부유되므로 물의 흐름에 의해 일측 배출구로 배출되므로 순수한 PCB가루가 분리되는 것이고, 바닥에 가라앉은 금속조각은 체인에 의해 반대쪽으로 이송하므로 효과적인 분리와 회수가 이루어지게 되는 것이다. According to the present invention, the PCB powder is suspended due to the difference in specific gravity, so that it is discharged to one side outlet by the flow of water, so that the pure PCB powder is separated, and the metal pieces sinking to the bottom are transferred to the opposite side by the chain, thereby effectively separating and recovering. You lose.

또한, 본 발명에 의하면, 수조의 내부에 에어펌핑으로 기포를 발생함으로써 PCB가루가 물을 머금고 가라앉은 경우도 이를 다시 부유시킴과 동시에 일측의 배출구로 밀어주는 작용에 의해 금속과 함께 섞이지 않고 잘 분리될 수가 있다.In addition, according to the present invention, by generating air bubbles by the air pump inside the tank, even if the PCB powder containing water sinks and floats it again and at the same time do not mix with the metal by pushing to the outlet of one side well. Can be separated.

결국 PCB기루와 금속조각의 분리비율을 향상시키게 되고 회수율과 재활용률을 향상시키게 되므로 자원의 장비를 막으면서 산업현장의 비용절감에도 도움을 주게 되는 유용한 발명인 것이다. As a result, the separation rate of the PCB base and the metal piece is improved, and the recovery rate and the recycling rate are improved, which is a useful invention that helps to reduce the cost of the industrial site while preventing the equipment of resources.

본 발명은 PCB를 가공하는 공정에서 발생하는 PCB가루나 폐PCB를 파쇄, 분쇄하여 발생하는 PCB가루를 물이 담긴 수조에 넣어 비중에 의해 부유되는 순수한 PCB가루와 가라앉는 금속조각으로 분리되도록 하며, 아울러 수조하부에서 기포를 발생하여 PCB가루가 물을 머금은 경우에도 부유시켜 금속조각과 잘 분리되도록 함을 특징으로 하는바, 이하 첨부된 도면에 의해 본 발명의 구성을 살펴보면 다음과 같다.The present invention is to separate the PCB powder generated from the PCB processing or waste PCB by shredding and crushing the PCB powder generated in the water tank containing water and the pure PCB powder suspended by specific gravity and the sinking metal pieces, In addition, bubbles are generated in the lower part of the tank, so that even when the PCB powder contains water, the floating particles are separated from the metal pieces. The configuration of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 폐PCB 선별기의 정면도, 도 2는 본 발명에 의한 폐PCB 선별기의 평면도, 도 3은 도 1의 요부 상세도, 도 4는 도 3의 요부 상세도이다.1 is a front view of a waste PCB sorter according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view of a waste PCB sorter according to the present invention, FIG. 3 is a detail view of the main part of FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a detail view of the main part of FIG.

본 발명의 분리선별기는 PCB가루를 담아 공급하도록 된 공급통(20)과 그 하부에서 분리작업을 하는 수조(10)로 이루어진다. Separation separator of the present invention consists of a supply tank 20 to be supplied containing the PCB powder and the water tank 10 for the separation operation in the lower portion.

공급통(20)의 수조(10) 측 하단으로 PCB가루를 흘려 보내도록 공급통(20)을 개폐하는 개폐판(21)이 구성된다.Opening and closing plate 21 for opening and closing the supply cylinder 20 is configured to flow the PCB powder to the water tank 10 side lower end of the supply cylinder 20.

상기 공급통(20)의 내부에는 파쇄, 분쇄된 PCB가루가 뭉쳐지지 않도록 저어 주는 교반막대(22)를 설치하고, 상기 교반막대(22)는 공급통(20)의 하부에 있는 교반모터(23)에 의해 회전운동을 하도록 구성되었다.The stirring rod 22 is installed inside the supply cylinder 20 to stir so that the crushed and pulverized PCB powder does not aggregate, and the stirring rod 22 is a stirring motor 23 at the lower portion of the supply cylinder 20. It is configured to rotate by).

공급통(20)의 전면에는 배출구(17)가 형성되어 배출구(17)가 형성된 위치만큼의 저수용량을 갖는 수조(10)가 구성되는데, 수조(10)의 상부에는 부유되는 PCB가루와 물을 배출구(17) 방향으로 밀어주도록 분사노즐(16)이 구성된다. Discharge port 17 is formed on the front of the supply tank 20 has a water tank (10) having a low capacity as much as the position in which the discharge port 17 is formed, the upper portion of the water tank (10) is suspended in the PCB powder and water The injection nozzle 16 is configured to push in the direction of the outlet 17.

수조(10)의 내부에는 이송콘베이어(11)가 구성되는데, 상기 이송콘베이어(11)에는 수조(10)의 바닥을 긁으며 침전된 금속을 이송시키는 이송밀판(12)이 일정한 간격으로 연속 설치된다.The conveying conveyor 11 is configured in the water tank 10, and the conveying conveyer 11 is provided with a conveying plate 12 for scraping the bottom of the water tank 10 and transferring the precipitated metal at regular intervals. .

수조(10)의 공급통(20) 반대쪽 이송콘베이어(11)가 끝나는 부분에는 이송콘베이어(11) 아래로부터 수조의 상부로 경사지게 연결되는 배출콘베이어(15)를 구성하였다. At the end of the conveying conveyor 11 opposite the supply tank 20 of the water tank 10, a discharge conveyor 15 was formed to be inclinedly connected to the upper portion of the water tank from the conveying conveyor 11.

상기 수조(10) 내의 공급통(20)에 근접하는 부분에는 수조(10)의 외부에서 유입된 에어공급관(13)이 연속으로 배열되고, 상기 에어공급관(13)의 상면에는 분사구(14)가 구성되어 공기가 분사되면서 수조(10) 내에 기포가 발생하도록 구성하였다. An air supply pipe 13 introduced from the outside of the water tank 10 is continuously arranged in a portion of the water tank 10 adjacent to the supply tank 20, and an injection hole 14 is provided on an upper surface of the air supply pipe 13. It is configured to generate air bubbles in the water tank 10 while the air is injected.

도면 중 미설명된 부호 18은 금속조각 침전가이드이다.Unexplained reference numeral 18 in the drawings is a metal engraving precipitation guide.

이하 본 발명에 의한 분리선별기의 작용을 살펴보면 다음과 같다.Looking at the operation of the separator according to the present invention as follows.

PCB가루를 공급통(20)에 투입하고 교반모터(23)에 의해 교반막대(22)를 가동시켜 PCB가루가 뭉쳐지지 않도록 교반한다.The PCB powder is introduced into the supply container 20 and the stirring rod 22 is operated by the stirring motor 23 to stir so that the PCB powder does not aggregate.

상기 공급통(20)의 전면 하단에 구성된 배출판(21)을 열어 PCB가루를 공급통(20)의 전면 하단에 있는 수조(10)로 투입한다.Opening the discharge plate 21 configured in the lower front of the supply container 20 is injected into the water tank 10 in the lower front of the supply container 20.

수조(10)로 투입된 PCB가루는 비중 차에 의해 합성수지 재질의 순수한 PCB가루는 수조(10)의 상부로 부유하게 되고, 금속조각은 수조의 하부로 침전하게 된다.PCB powder injected into the water tank 10 is due to the difference in specific gravity, the pure PCB powder of synthetic resin is suspended to the upper portion of the water tank 10, the metal pieces are settled to the bottom of the water tank.

수조(10)의 하부로 침전된 금속조각은 이송콘베이어(11)에 의해 배출되게 되는데, 이송콘베이어(11)에 일정 간격으로 구성되어 수조(10)의 바닥을 긁으면서 이동하는 이송밀판(12)에 의해 수조(10)의 일단으로 이송된다.The metal pieces precipitated to the lower part of the water tank 10 are discharged by the conveying conveyor 11, which is configured at a predetermined interval on the conveying conveyor 11 to move the scraping plate 12 while scratching the bottom of the water tank 10. It is transferred to one end of the water tank 10 by the.

상기 이송밀판(12)에 의해 수조(10)의 일단으로 이송된 금속은 수조(10) 일단에 구성된 배출콘베이어(15)에 의해 수조(10)의 상부로 이송되고 마지막으로는 수조(10)의 밖으로 배출되어 진다.The metal transferred to one end of the water tank 10 by the transfer mill 12 is transferred to the upper portion of the water tank 10 by the discharge conveyor 15 configured at one end of the water tank 10, and finally, the water tank 10 It is discharged out.

부유되는 PCB가루는 물 위에 떠다니다가 분사노즐(16)에 의한 배출구(17) 방향으로의 물의 흐름에 따라 배출구(17)를 통하여 불과 함께 배출되는 것이다.The floating PCB powder floats on the water and is discharged along with the discharge port 17 along with the flow of water toward the discharge port 17 by the injection nozzle 16.

상기 과정에서 일부의 PCB가루는 물을 머금어 비중이 무거워져 부유상태가 완전하기 않거나 서서히 가라앉는 상태가 되기도 하는데, 이러한 PCB가루의 경우에는 수조(10) 내부에 배열된 에어공급관(13)과 분사구(14)에 의해 공기가 분사되어 기포를 발생시키면서 물이 수조(10)의 상하부를 순환하게 되고, 이러한 과정에서 금속 정도로 비중이 크기는 않지만 불완전한 부유상태이던 PCB가루가 부유되면서 완전히 부유된 PCB가루와 같이 배출구(1)로 배출될 수가 있는 것이다. In the above process, some of the PCB powder is filled with water and the specific gravity becomes heavy, so that the floating state is not completely or gradually sinks. In the case of such PCB powder, the air supply pipe 13 and the injection hole arranged inside the water tank 10 are provided. Water is circulated by 14 to generate air bubbles, and water circulates in the upper and lower parts of the water tank 10, and in this process, PCB powder, which is not as large as metal but is incompletely suspended, is completely suspended while floating. As can be discharged to the outlet (1).

도 1은 본 발명에 의한 폐PCB 선별기의 정면도1 is a front view of a waste PCB sorter according to the present invention

도 2는 본 발명에 의한 폐PCB 선별기의 평면도2 is a plan view of the waste PCB sorter according to the present invention

도 3은 도 1의 요부 상세도3 is a detailed view of the main part of FIG.

도 4는 도 3의 요부 상세도4 is a detailed view of the main part of FIG.

***도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명****** Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing ***

10 : 수조 11 : 이송콘베이어10: tank 11: transfer conveyor

12 : 이송밀판 13 : 에어공급관12: transfer plate 13: air supply pipe

14 : 분사구 15 : 배출콘베이어14: injection hole 15: discharge conveyor

16 : 분사노즐 17 : 배출구16 injection nozzle 17 outlet

20 : 공급통 21 : 개폐판20: supply container 21: opening and closing plate

22 : 교반막대 23 : 교반모터22: stirring rod 23: stirring motor

Claims (1)

PCB가루를 담아 공급하도록 된 공급통(20)과 그 하부에서 분리작업을 하는 수조(10)로 분리선별기를 구성하되, The separator is composed of a supply container 20 to supply the PCB powder and a water tank 10 for separating from the lower part, 공급통(20)의 수조(10) 측 하단으로 PCB가루를 흘려 보내도록 공급통(20)을 개폐하는 개폐판(21)을 구성하고,To configure the opening and closing plate 21 for opening and closing the supply cylinder 20 to flow PCB powder to the bottom of the water tank 10 side of the supply cylinder 20, 상기 공급통(20)의 내부에는 회전운동으로 PCB가루가 뭉쳐지지 않도록 저어주는 교반막대(22)를 설치하며, Inside the supply cylinder 20 is installed stirring bar 22 to stir so that the PCB powder is not agglomerated by the rotational movement, 수조(17)는 배출구(17)를 형성하여 배출구(17)가 형성된 위치만큼의 저수용량을 갖도록 구성되고, The water tank 17 is configured to form a discharge port 17 to have a low capacity as much as a position where the discharge port 17 is formed, 수조(10)의 상부에는 부유되는 PCB가루와 물을 배출구(17) 방향으로 밀어주도록 분사노즐(16)을 구성하며,The injection nozzle 16 is configured to push the floating PCB powder and water toward the outlet 17 in the upper portion of the water tank 10, 수조(10)의 내부에는 수조(10)의 바닥을 긁으며 침전된 금속을 이송시키는 이송밀판(12)이 일정한 간격으로 연속 설치되는 이송콘베이어(11)를 구성하고, The inside of the tank 10 constitutes a transfer conveyor 11 in which a transfer mill 12 for scraping the bottom of the tank 10 and transferring the precipitated metal is continuously installed at regular intervals, 수조(10)의 공급통(20) 반대쪽 이송콘베이어(11)가 끝나는 부분에는 이송콘베이어(11) 아래로부터 수조의 상부로 경사지게 연결되는 배출콘베이어(15)를 구성하며, At the end of the conveying conveyor 11 opposite the supply tank 20 of the water tank 10 constitutes the discharge conveyor 15 which is inclined connected to the upper portion of the water tank from below the conveying conveyor 11, 상기 수조(10) 내의 공급통(20)에 근접하는 부분에는 수조(10)의 외부에서 유입되면서 상면에 분사구(14)가 구성된 에어공급관(13)이 연속으로 배열되어 공기가 분사되면서 수조(10) 내에 기포가 발생하도록 구성함을 특징으로 하는 폐피씨비 로부터 금속을 회수하기 위한 분리선별기.The air supply pipe 13 having the injection hole 14 formed on the upper surface of the water tank 10 in the vicinity of the supply tank 20 in the vicinity of the water tank 10 is continuously arranged to inject air into the water tank 10 Separator for recovering the metal from the waste CPC, characterized in that the bubble is generated in).
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KR101051989B1 (en) * 2009-11-10 2011-07-26 김진수 Method and apparatus for recovering metal from waste PCB
WO2014042390A1 (en) * 2012-09-17 2014-03-20 Korea Institute Of Geoscience And Mineral Resources Method for recovery of metals from waste printed circuit boards
CN107073478A (en) * 2014-09-15 2017-08-18 毕加伦比兹公司 The method that such discarded object is handled and removed for the purpose of reclaiming the component being included in electron wastes
US11964304B2 (en) 2015-07-16 2024-04-23 Sortera Technologies, Inc. Sorting between metal alloys
US11975365B2 (en) 2015-07-16 2024-05-07 Sortera Technologies, Inc. Computer program product for classifying materials
US11969764B2 (en) 2016-07-18 2024-04-30 Sortera Technologies, Inc. Sorting of plastics
WO2023102202A1 (en) * 2021-12-03 2023-06-08 Sortera Alloys, Inc. Portable materials analyzer

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