KR20090082391A - Bridge crane - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided is a bridge crane capable of easily performing slight movement of a lifted load forward and backward. In the bridge crane, a main trolley (10) traverses over girders (1). Hoisting devices (14F, 14R) and guide sheave moving mechanisms (20F, 20R) are installed on the trolley truck (11) of the main trolley (10). Each of the hoisting devices (14F, 14R) comprises a winch (15), a rope (R) unwound from and wound on the winch (15), and hooks (60) onto which the rope (R) is hooked. Each of the guide sheave moving mechanisms (20F, 20R) comprises an extension stand (21) for moving a sheave truck (30) equipped with guide sheaves (41 to 44, 51 to 54), around which the intermediate part of the rope (R) is wound, forward and backward of the girders (1), and a forward/backward moving means (35) for the extension stand.

Description

Bridge crane

The present invention relates to a bridge crane. More specifically, both ends of the girder are supported by a rigid angle and a yaw angle, and a trolley is traversed on the girder, and the load is suspended by a hook suspended from the trolley. A bridge crane of the type.

As shown in the Non-Patent Document 1, the bridge crane has a rock loading, a shipbuilding, and a general loading, and two trolleys that traverse the girder are used with two main trolleys and a secondary trolley. There is.

The two trolleys may move alone or may move together at the same time. In the case of a large cargo or hull block, two hooks may be suspended together, and one side may be wound up and down.

The auxiliary trolley suspends one hook from the center of the girder, and the main trolley suspends two hooks from both front and rear sides of the upper surface of the girder, and a hoisting device mounted on the main trolley is used. ) And guide sheaves are fixedly arranged.

An example of the above conventional example will be described based on FIGS. 11 to 12.

The bridge crane C shown in FIG. 12 is composed of a girder 1, a rigid angle 2 fixed to one end thereof, and a yaw angle 3 attached to the other end by a pin. . The main trolley 100 and the auxiliary trolley 5 traverse on the rails installed in the girder 1.

As shown in FIG. 11, the auxiliary trolley 5 runs the center part of the girder 1, and the hook 6 is suspended by passing the rope through the space of the center part.

The main trolley 100 runs on the rails on both sides of the girder 1, and two winches 102 are mounted on the trolley truck 101. In addition, guide sheaves 103 and 104 are attached to both ends of the trolley trolley bogie 101 in the front-rear direction (direction perpendicular to the girder 1). The hook 105 is suspended. Since the mounting positions of the guide sheaves 103 and 104 respectively corresponding to the front and rear winches 102 are fixed, the space | interval d of the front-back direction of the two hooks 105 is unchanged.

Because of the above structure, even when the ship body is being dried by the block method in a shipyard, even if it is a case where the large block which hanged together with the two hooks 105 is moved very little, and it couples to the ship body during drying, Even the bridge crane C had to move together, and it was difficult to make a small movement.

[Non-Patent Document 1] New Edition, Mechanical Engineering Manual, C3-Transport Machine, page 19

[Initiation of invention]

[Problem to Solve Invention]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above circumstances, an object of the present invention is to provide a bridge crane capable of facilitating small forward and backward movements and small swing movements of a suspended load.

[Means for solving the problem]

The bridge crane of the first invention is a bridge crane in which a main trolley crosses a girder, and a hoisting device and a guide sheave moving mechanism are provided on a trolley bogie of the main trolley. A rope unwinded from the winch, a hook wound around the rope, and the guide sheave moving mechanism includes a guide sheave on which the middle of the rope is wound, and a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the girder. And a moving mechanism for advancing or retreating.

In the bridge crane of the second invention, in the first invention, the moving mechanism includes an extension stand fixed to the trolley bogie, a sieve bogie running on an upper surface of the extension bogie, and the front and rear of the sieve bogie. The base is fixed to the trolley bogie, the tip of which extends in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the girder, and the guide sheave It is characterized in that it is mounted.

In the bridge crane of the third invention, in the second invention, the traveling path of the sieve bogie in the extension platform is inclined downward from the base end to the leading end, and the horizontal length and the vertical height of the traveling path are inclined downward. The ratio is equal to the ratio of the number of ropes between the guide sheave and the hook and the number of ropes between the guide sheave and the winch.

As for the bridge crane of 4th invention, in the 1st invention, the said hoisting apparatus and the said guide sheave moving mechanism are provided for the front and the back, respectively, The front guide sheave mechanism is provided in the front side of the said girder, The rear guide sheave mechanism is provided on the rear side of the girder.

[Effects of the Invention]

According to the first aspect of the invention, when the guide sheave of the guide sheave moving mechanism is moved forward and backward by the moving mechanism, the guide sheave falls or comes close to the girder, so that the hook coming down from the rope wound around the guide sheave is separated or approached from the girder. . Therefore, since only the hook can be moved back and forth without moving the bridge crane itself, the micro-moving of the suspended load can be performed, thereby improving the efficiency of the unloading operation. In addition, in the case where the main trolley and the auxiliary trolley are suspended together, the suspended article can be small-turned by moving the main trolley's guide sheave back and forth slightly, so that the heavy weight attachment work can be efficiently performed.

According to the second aspect of the invention, when the sheave trolley moves on the upper surface of the extension table, the guide sheave mounted on the sheave trolley also moves. Move away from or close to the girder. For this reason, since the hook also separates or approaches from the girder, the micro-moving of the suspended article is possible.

According to the third invention, since the running path of the extension is inclined downward, the rope length between the guide sheave and the hook, which is shortened by advancing the guide sheave, is compensated by lowering the height position of the guide sheave on the extension. Therefore, since the height of the hook does not change even when the sheave trolley is moved forward and backward, the unloading operation can be easily performed. In addition, if the balance between the rope tension between the guide sheave and the winch and the rope tension between the guide sheave and the hook is matched with the inclination ratio of the extension, the combined force of the rope tension acts at right angles to the path of the extension. Therefore, it is not necessary to increase the forward and backward driving force of the sieve bogie.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, as the hoisting device and the guide sheave moving mechanism, a pair of the front and the rear is provided, so that a grand load by the two hooks can be suspended together, and the front and rear guide sheaves in the same direction. By moving, even if it is a massive hanging goods, the micro movement and the small swing can also be performed, and the unloading operation can be performed efficiently.

1 is a side view of a main trolley according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of the guide sheave moving mechanism in FIG. 1. FIG.

3 is a perspective view seen from above the inclination of the guide sheave moving mechanism.

4 is a perspective view of the guide sheave moving mechanism viewed from the inclined rear side.

5 is a perspective view of the guide sheave moving mechanism viewed from below the inclination.

6 is a front view of the sheave trolley 30 and the hook 60.

7 is a plan view of the guide sheave shift mechanism in the sheave trolley 30.

FIG. 8 is a diagram of a rope turning path between the drum 16, the sheave trolley 30, and the hook 60.

It is explanatory drawing of the small turning operation in the bridge crane of this invention.

It is explanatory drawing of the balance of the rope tension in the bridge crane of this invention.

11 is a side view of a conventional main trolley.

12 is a perspective view of a conventional bridge crane.

* Description of the sign *

1: girder

10: jutrolley

11: trolley bogie

15: winch

16: drum

20: guide sheave moving mechanism

21: extension

22: rail

30: sieve bogie

33: wheel

35: forward and backward means

41 to 44: guide sheave

51 to 54: guide sheave

61 to 66: sheave

60: hook

Best Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

In the bridge crane of the present invention, the crane itself and the auxiliary trolley made up of the girder, the steel angle and the yaw angle are not particularly changed from the conventional example shown in FIG. 12, and therefore only the main trolley will be described below.

1 is a side view of a main trolley according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In FIG. 1, 1 is a girder and consists of two left and right digits, and the center part becomes a space. In the center portion of the girder 1, the auxiliary trolley 5 travels in a direction perpendicular to the ground as in the conventional example, and the hook 6 is suspended by passing a rope through the space in the center portion.

The main trolley 10 which has the characteristics in this invention is comprised as follows.

The trolley trolley 11 is equipped with the wheel 12, and it runs so that it may run on the rail 13 (refer FIG. 2) provided on the girder 1 at a right angle to the ground.

On the trolley bogie 11, two hoisting devices 14F and 14R and two guide sheave moving mechanisms 20F and 20R are provided. In the figure, the right side is for the front side, and the hook 60 is suspended from the position which protruded forward from the front surface of the girder 1. In the figure, the left side is for the rear side, and the hook 60 is suspended from the position protruding rearward from the rear side of the girder 1.

Each hoisting apparatus is comprised from the winch 15, the rope R, and the hook 60 all. Here, these structures are the same as the conventional example. The guide sheave moving mechanisms 20F and 20R are moving mechanisms for advancing or retracting the guide sheaves on which the middle of the rope R is wound in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the girder 1 (front or rear). Have

The said guide sheave moving mechanism 20F, 20R consists of the guide sheave which guides the rope R loose | released from the said winch 15, and the moving mechanism which advances this guide sheave back and forth with respect to the girder 1. This moving mechanism is comprised by the extension | stretching base 21, the sheave trolley 30, and the sheave trolley 30 back and forth.

Each extension 21 is fixed to the trolley trolley 11, and its tip protrudes outward. That is, the right extension 21 in the figure protrudes forward, and the left extension 21 in the figure protrudes backward. And the sieve trolley | bogie 30 is characterized by moving so that it may move away from or close to the girder 1 on the expansion base 21. As shown in FIG.

In FIG. 1, the right side shows the position where the sheave trolley 30 advanced, and the left side shows the position where the sheave trolley 30 has retreated. Since the front and rear guide sheave moving mechanisms 20F and 20R have the same configuration, only the rear guide sheave moving mechanism 20R will be described below.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of the guide sheave moving mechanism in FIG. 1. FIG.

As shown in FIG. 2, the base 21 is fixed to the leg part of the trolley | bogie trolley 11, and the front end protrudes outward. The upper surface of the extension table 21 is inclined downward toward the outside, and on the inclined surface, a rail 22 serving as a traveling path surface is mounted. The horizontal length (x) and the vertical height (y) of the rail 22 constitutes an important technical element for keeping the height of the hook 60 constant or reducing the driving force of the sieve bogie 30. Will be described later.

3 is a perspective view seen from above the inclination of the guide sheave moving mechanism. 4 is a perspective view seen from the inclined rear side of the guide sheave moving mechanism. Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the guide sheave moving mechanism viewed from below the inclination. 6 is a front view of the sheave trolley 30 and the hook 60. 7 is a plan view of the guide sheave shift mechanism in the sheave trolley 30.

As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 6, a pair of left and right extensions 21 and rail 22 are provided. The sheave trolley 30 has a pair of left and right side frames 31 and 31, a center frame 32 connecting them, and a wheel 33 axially supported by the side frame 31. The wheel 33 drives on the rails 22 of the extension table 21.

35 is a screw-bar nut mechanism as forward and backward means.

Between the front end of the extension 21 and the rear end of the sheave trolley 30, a telescopic telescopic cylinder 36 is connected, and a screw rod and a long nut barrel are embedded therein. When the screw rod is rotated by the motor 37 and the reducer 38 attached to the distal end of the extension rod 21, the screw rod moves forward and backward, so that the sheave trolley 30 can be advanced.

Here, the forward and backward means is not limited to the screw rod and the nut mechanism, and a retraction mechanism other than the cylinder mechanism may be used.

As shown in FIG. 6, the guide sheave for rope hooking is attached to the lower surface of the center frame 32 of the sheave trolley | bogie 30. As shown in FIG.

45 is an equalizer and consists of a horizontal beam 45a and a vertical beam 45b, the vertical beam 45b is axially supported by the central frame 32 so as to be able to swing, and the horizontal beam 45a is a vertical beam 45b. It is supported by the shaft so that it can swing. And equalizer sheaves 41 and 42 are attached to both ends of the horizontal beam 45a. The equalizer sheaves 41 and 42 are displaced up and down, thereby eliminating the bias of the rope length between the guide sheave group of the sheave trolley 30 to be described later and the guide sheaves 61 to 66 of the hook 60. Can be. In addition, the fixed guide sheaves 43 and 44 are attached to the center frame 32 on both the left and right sides of the equalizer 45.

As shown in FIG. 6 and FIG. 7, four guide sheaves 51 to 54 with a shift mechanism are provided on the upper surface of the center frame 32. The guide sheaves 51 and 52 are placed in the first holder 55 in a first set. The guide sheaves 53, 54 are placed in the second holder 56 in a second set. The first and second holders 55 and 56 pass through the two guide rods 57 and 58 and are guided so that the left and right transverses are smoothly performed. In addition, one screw rod 59 passes through the first and second holders 55 and 56, and a nut incorporated in each holder is screwed together. The screw rod 59 is cut in the left and right opposite directions at the midpoint. Therefore, when the screw rod 59 is rotated forward and backward, the first and second holders 55 and 56 can be moved to be close to or separated from each other. 6, the guide bar 58 is abbreviate | omitted and each holder 55 and 56 are also shown in simplified figure, in order to avoid the complexity.

In Fig. 6, reference numeral 60 is a hook and has six sheaves 61, 62, 63, 64, 65 and 66. Although a plurality of ropes R are turned between the sheaves 61 to 66 and the guide sheaves 41 to 44 and 51 to 54 of the sheave trolley 30, the turning path is described later based on FIG. 8. do.

The winch 15 shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 5 has the drum 16, the motor 17, and the speed reducer 18, and the drum 16 rotates in both normal and reverse directions by the power of the motor 17. FIG. It is. The two ropes R1 and R2 are wound on one end of the drum 16 of the winch 15, and the two ropes R3 and R4 are wound on the other end. . When the drum 16 rotates forward and backward, these ropes R1 to R4 are unwinded and rewound to raise and lower the hook 60. Here, the rolling path of the rope which also included the guide sheave group between this drum 16 and the hook 60 is demonstrated based on FIG.

Further, the rotation of the drum 16 is transmitted to the screw rod 59 through the chains 19a, 19b, and 19c to rotate the screw rod 59 in both normal and reverse directions. For this reason, since the 1st, 2nd holders 55 and 56 move to left and right according to the position where the group of ropes R1 and R2 and the group of ropes R3 and R4 are withdrawn from the drum 16, the rope Irregular winding of (R1 to R4) does not occur.

In FIG. 8, two ropes R1 and R2 extend from one end of the drum 16 of the winch 15, and two ropes R3 and R4 extend from the other end. The ropes R1 and R2 are actually one rope connected to one, and the middle thereof is wound around the sheave 41 of the equalizer 45. And the rope R1 side moves the sheave 51 of the sheave 65 of the hook 60 → the sheave 43 of the sheave bogie 30 → the sheave 61 of the hook 60 → the sheave bogie 30. It is caught by the drum 16, and the rope R2 side is caught by the drum 16 via the sheave 62 of the hook 60 → the sheave 52 of the sheave trolley 30. .

In addition, the ropes R3 and R4 are actually one rope, and the middle thereof is wound around the sheave 42 of the equalizer 45. And the rope R3 side is the sheave 54 of the sheave 66 of the hook 60 → the sheave 44 of the sheave trolley 30 → the sheave 64 of the hook 60 → the sheave bogie 30. It is caught by the drum 16, and the rope R4 side is caught by the drum 16 via the sheave 63 of the hook 60 → the sheave 53 of the sheave trolley 30 ought.

In the above-mentioned rope turning path, the number of ropes from the drum 16 to the sheave trolley 30 is four, and the number of ropes between the sheave trolley 30 and the hook 60 is twelve, so that the ratio of the number of ropes 1: 3.

Here, the ratio of the number of ropes is not limited to 1: 3, and may be 1: 2 or less, or 1: 4 or more.

Next, the usage method of the hoisting apparatus 14F, 14R which concerns on a present Example is demonstrated based on FIG.

When the drum 16 of the winch 15 is rotated together with each hoist 14F, 14R, and the ropes R1 to R4 are released, the hook 60 can be lowered, and the drum 16 is reversely rotated. When the ropes R1 to R4 are released, the hook 60 can be raised.

When the hooks 60 and 60 of two hoisting apparatuses 14F and 14R of back and front are synchronized and raised, the both ends of a load may be suspended and unloaded, maintaining the level. In addition, in the front and rear two hoisting devices 14F and 14R, when the winding amounts of the ropes R1 to R4 are changed from each other, the height between the front and rear hooks 60 and 60 is changed, and the suspended article can be inclined.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the sheave trolley 30 of the front guide sheave movement mechanism 20F is advanced, and the sheave trolley 30 of the rear guide sheave movement mechanism 20R is retracted, the front and back hooks 60 and 60 are carried out. ) Move forward together. On the contrary, when the sheave trolley 30 on the front is retracted and the sheave trolley 30 on the rear is advanced, the front and rear hooks 60 and 60 move together rearward.

By using this movement, the bridge crane itself can move forward and backward slightly without hanging. In addition, in the case where the main trolley and the auxiliary trolley are suspended together, it is possible to make small swings of the suspended articles by slightly back and forth the main trolley, so that the unloading operation can be performed efficiently.

Based on FIG. 9, the said small turning operation is explained in full detail. In the figure, B1 is an installed hull block, and a new hull block B2 is suspended together by the main trolley 10 and the auxiliary trolley 5 of the bridge crane C of the present invention. When the bridge crane C is advanced and the hull block B2 is approached to the existing hull block B1, even if one end faces are matched with each other, the other end faces do not fit. The gap d may occur. In such a case, when the sheave trolley 30 of the rear hoist 14R is retracted (in the direction of arrow Ab), the hull block B2 is slightly turned in the direction of the arrow Ar, whereby the cross section can be aligned. According to the present invention, since such a small swing can be easily performed, fine alignment of a heavy object such as assembly of a hull block in a shipyard can be easily performed, and the work efficiency is improved.

Further, when the front and rear sheave trolleys 30 and 30 are advanced to each other, the distance Dw between the two hooks 60 and 60 is widened, and when the front and rear sheave trolleys 30 and 30 are retracted from each other, Since the distance Dn between the hooks 60 and 60 becomes narrow, there is an advantage that an appropriate hanging position can be selected according to the size of the transport block.

In the guide sheave moving mechanisms 20F and 20R of the present invention, the length and height of the rail 22 of each extension table 21 maintain the height of the hook 60 constantly, and the forward and backward movement of the sheave trolley. The technical significance lies in the fact that driving does not require a large driving force, so this point is described in detail below.

In the above embodiment, the rail 22 is inclined, but as described in the description, the horizontal length x and the vertical height y are set to 3: 1, and this numerical value is set. The ratio of twelve ropes from the sieve bogie 30 to the hook 60 and four ropes from the drum 16 to the sieve bogie 30 is the same.

(Keep the height of the hook 60)

With the above-described configuration, expansion and contraction of the rope between the hooks 60 and the guide sheaves 41 to 44 of the sheave trolley 30 generated when the drum 16 is stopped and the sieve trolley 30 is moved back and forth ( I) is absorbed by an equivalent amount by moving the sieve trolley | bogie 30 to a low position. Therefore, since the height of the hook 60 does not change, only the minute delivery in the horizontal direction is possible without changing the height of the suspended article. For this reason, in a shipyard, in the case of attaching a large hull block or the like to a ship body during drying, the alignment can be easily performed.

(Drive force of sieve bogie 30)

It is explanatory drawing of the balance of the rope tension in the bridge crane of this invention.

As shown in the figure, the balance of the rope tension is as follows.

Tension (fh) = 1 of the sheaves 51 to 54 of the sheave trolley 30 to the drum 16 = 1

Tension fv from sheaves 51 to 54 of sheave trolley 30 to sheaves 61 to 66 of hook 60 = 3

In such a case, the combined force F of the tension fh and the tension fv acts at right angles to the rail 22 of the extension 21.

This means that there is no change in the working load to the motor 37 which is the forward and backward means of the sheave trolley 30 even if there is an increase or decrease of the hook load. For this reason, the motor 37 only needs to support the load which the sheave trolley 30 wants to drop by inclining the inclination of the extension 21, and can give a big driving force even if a large load is suspended to the hook 60. FIG. There is no need.

(Other Examples)

Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.

The ratio of the horizontal length (x) and the vertical height (y) of the rail 22 described above needs to match the winding number ratio of the rope, and the guide sheave 51 in the drum 16 and the sheave trolley 30. X: y = between the number of ropes Y between ˜54 and the number of ropes X between the guide sheaves 41 to 44 of the sheave trolley 30 and the guide sheaves 51 to 54 of the hook 60. It should be X: Y.

For example, when the rope number Y: the rope number X is 1: 2, the horizontal length x and the vertical height y of the rail 22 may be 1: 2, and the rope number Y ): If the rope number X is 1: 4, the horizontal length x and the vertical height y of the rail 22 may be 1: 4.

In the above embodiment, the front device and the rear device are provided for the hoisting device and the guide sheave moving mechanism, but only the equipment for the front or the rear may be provided.

Further, the front sheave and the rear sheath of the hoisting device may be provided, or the guide sheave moving mechanism may be provided only on either side.

Even in these configurations, the distance between the front and rear hooks 60 can be expanded and contracted, so that the amount of suspended cargo is made up of half of the installation on both sides, but a slight forward and backward movement is possible. In this case, there is an advantage such that the small swing movement can be performed.

Moreover, the structure which does not use the auxiliary trolley 5 may be sufficient, and such a bridge crane is also included in this invention.

Since the bridge crane of the present invention can easily make minute back and forth movement and small swing movement of the suspended article, it is possible to easily and accurately align the large suspended article to dry the hull by the block method.

Claims (4)

It is a bridge crane that the main trolley traverses on the girder, A hoisting device and a guide sheave moving mechanism are installed on the main trolley trolley truck. The hoisting device includes a winch, a rope unwinded from the winch, and a hook on which the rope is wound. The guide sheave moving mechanism includes a guide sheave wound around the rope, And a moving mechanism for advancing or retracting the guide sheave in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the girder. The method according to claim 1, The moving mechanism includes an extension stand fixed to the trolley bogie, a sieve bogie running on an upper surface of the extension bogie, and a forward and backward means of the sieve bogie, The base is fixed to the trolley bogie, the base end of which is protruded in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the girder, The said sieve trolley is equipped with the said guide sheave, The bridge crane characterized by the above-mentioned. The method according to claim 2, The running path of the sheave trolley in the extension table is inclined downward from the base end to the tip, and the ratio of the horizontal length and the vertical height of the running path is determined by the number of ropes between the guide sheave and the hook and the guide. Bridge crane, characterized in that the ratio of the number of ropes between the sheave and the winch. The method according to claim 1, The hoisting device and the guide sheave moving mechanism are provided for the front and the rear, respectively, the front guide sheave mechanism is provided at the front side of the girder, and the rear guide sheave mechanism is installed at the rear side of the girder. Bridge crane characterized in that.

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