KR20090063877A - Manufacturing method of graphite heating element for power saving - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of graphite heating element for power saving Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
본 발명은 초절전 흑연 발열체의 제조방법에 대한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 몰디드 그라파이트를 가공할 때 부산물로 발생되는 흑연분말 및 정제된 천연흑연분말 중에서 선택되는 적어도 하나의 분말 20 내지 80중량%에 콜타르 피치 80 내지 20중량%를 혼합한 후, 여기에 알코올을 첨가하여 혼합하고, 이를 체가름하고, 이후 이를 성형이 가능한 상태까지 건조한 후, 압출하여 기물로 성형하고 이를 소결하여 제조하는 초절전 흑연 발열체의 제조방법을 제공한다. 이 때, 바람직하게는 상기 알코올은 메탄올을 사용하였고, 체가름시에는 320메쉬(44㎛의 크기)의 크기를 갖는 체를 이용하였으며, 성형체는 압출성형방법에 의해 봉형태의 기물로 성형하였고 건조시에는 80℃의 온도에서 24시간 유지하였다. 건조 후에는 산화를 방지하게 위해 위 기물을 흑연분말에 매식하였고, 소결 및 흑연화 온도는 약 1200℃ 이상으로 하였다. The present invention relates to a method for producing an ultra-low power graphite heating element, more specifically, coal tar in 20 to 80% by weight of at least one powder selected from graphite powder generated as a by-product and refined natural graphite powder when processing molded graphite. After mixing 80 to 20 wt% of pitch, alcohol is added thereto, mixed, sieved, and dried to a state where it can be molded, and then extruded to form a substance and then sintered to prepare the ultra-low power graphite heating element. It provides a manufacturing method. At this time, preferably the alcohol was used as methanol, sieve having a size of 320 mesh (size of 44㎛) when sifting, the molded body was molded into a rod-like substance by the extrusion molding method and dried At the time of holding | maintenance at the temperature of 80 degreeC for 24 hours. After drying, the above materials were embedded in graphite powder to prevent oxidation, and the sintering and graphitization temperature was about 1200 ° C or higher.
일반적으로 흑연체로서 널리 사용되고 있는 것이 몰디드 그라파이트(molded graphite)이다. In general, molded graphite is widely used as a graphite.
이러한 몰디드 그라파이트의 제조공정은 최고 3,000℃의 고온에서 수행되는 흑연화 공정이 개재되어 있는 등 제조 공정상의 어려움 때문에 매우 고가이고 따라서 이를 제품화하는 경우 낮은 단가로 대량생산하는데 용이하지 아니하며, 더욱이 국내에서 자체 생산되지 아니하므로 해외로부터 수입에 의존하고 있는 현실이다.The manufacturing process of the molded graphite is very expensive due to the difficulty in the manufacturing process such as interposing the graphitization process performed at a high temperature of up to 3,000 ° C., and thus it is not easy to mass-produce at low unit cost, and moreover domestically. Since it is not produced in-house, it is dependent on imports from overseas.
한편, 몰디드 그라파이트는 가공되어 각종 탄소기물, 예컨대 각종 도가니, 파이프, 전극봉 등에 사용되고 있는데, 그 가공 과정에서 상당량의 흑연분말이 부산물로 발생하고 있고 이러한 흑연분말은 현재 재사용되지 않고 그대로 버려지고 있는 실정이다. 또한 몰디드 그라파이트의 사용량이 증가하면서, 이에 비례하여 부산물로 발생되는 흑연분말의 양도 점차 증가하고 있다.On the other hand, the molded graphite is processed and used for various carbon materials such as various crucibles, pipes, electrode rods, etc. In the process, a considerable amount of graphite powder is generated as a by-product, and such graphite powder is currently discarded without being reused. to be. In addition, as the amount of molded graphite is increased, the amount of graphite powder generated as a by-product is gradually increasing.
또한, 흑연 발열체는 대개 탄화규소 발열체나 이규화 몰리브덴 발열체 등이 사용되는 온도 이상의 초고온에서 사용되기 때문에 현실적으로 부득이 고가의 몰디드 그라파이트를 수입하여 사용하여야 하나, 흑연 발열체를 저온의 환경에서 사용하는 경우 이와 같은 고가의 몰디드 그라파이트를 적용하기보다는 단가의 문제점을 구조적으로 개선하여 새로운 형태의 흑연발열체를 생산하여야 하는 바, 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 새로운 방향이 제시된 바가 없었다. In addition, graphite heating elements are usually used at ultra-high temperatures above the temperature at which silicon carbide heating elements or molybdenum disulfide heating elements are used. Rather than applying expensive molded graphite, it is necessary to produce a new type of graphite heating element by structurally improving the problem of unit cost, and no new direction has been proposed to solve this problem.
또한, 통상 발열체라 하면 약 1200℃ 이하에서는 금속발열체, 1200℃ 내지 1500℃에서는 탄화규소 발열체, 1500℃ 내지 1700℃에서는 이규화몰리브덴 발열체가 사용되고 있으며, 그 이상의 온도에서는 몰리브덴 발열체, 전극봉(고온흑연발열체) 등이 사용되고 있는데, 특히 각종 가정용, 사무용 전기제품에 사용되는 발열체 는 주로 금속발열체이며, 이러한 발열체를 전기전열기, 전기온풍기, 전기온수기 등에 적용하는 경우, 전력소비가 많아 가정이나 작업장에서 사용에 부담이 생기고 있는 문제점이 있다. In general, a heating element is a metal heating element at about 1200 ° C. or lower, a silicon carbide heating element at 1200 ° C. to 1500 ° C., and a molybdenum disulfide heating element at 1500 ° C. to 1700 ° C., and a molybdenum heating element and an electrode (high temperature graphite heating element) at a temperature higher than that. In particular, the heating elements used in various household and office electrical appliances are mainly metal heating elements, and when the heating elements are applied to electric heaters, electric heaters, and water heaters, they consume a lot of power in homes and workplaces. There is a problem occurring.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 안출된 것으로서 본 발명의 목적은 소비전력이 낮아 가정용 전기제품에 부담없이 사용될 수 있는 초절전 흑연발열체를 제공하는 데 있다. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an ultra-low power graphite heating element that can be used in household appliances with low power consumption.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 몰디드 그라파이트의 가공시 부산물로 발생되는 흑연분말을 그대로 사용함으로써 별도로 고가의 몰디드 그라파이트를 수입하지 않고도 저온환경에서도 사용될 수 있는 저렴한 흑연 발열체를 제조할 수 있도록 하는데 있다. Another object of the present invention is to use a graphite powder generated as a by-product when processing the molded graphite as it is to be able to manufacture a low-cost graphite heating element that can be used even in a low temperature environment without importing expensive molded graphite separately.
또한 본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 부산물로 발생되는 흑연분말을 사용함에도 불구하고 인체 또는 환경에 유해한 불순물을 함유하지 않는 순도가 보장되는 흑연발열체를 제조할 수 있도록 하는데 있다. In addition, another object of the present invention is to be able to manufacture a graphite heating element is guaranteed a purity that does not contain impurities harmful to the human body or the environment despite the use of graphite powder generated as a by-product.
또한 본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 부산물로 발생되는 흑연분말의 활용도를 극대화하는데 있다. In addition, another object of the present invention is to maximize the utilization of the graphite powder generated as a by-product.
또한, 본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 가정용 또는 사무용 전열기로부터 원적외선이 발생되도록 함으로써 건강에 도움이 되는 흑연발열체를 제조하도록 하는 데 있다. In addition, another object of the present invention is to produce a graphite heating element that is beneficial to health by generating far infrared rays from household or office heaters.
상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은 초절전 흑연 발열체의 제조방법에 대한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 몰디드 그라파이트의 가공시 부산물로 발생 되는 흑연분말 및 정제된 천연흑연분말 중에서 선택되는 적어도 하나의 분말 20 내지 80중량%에 알코올을 첨가하고 혼합하는 단계와, 상기 혼합물을 체가름하는 단계와, 상기 체가름된 혼합물을 성형하는 단계, 및 상기 성형체는 소결하는 단계로 구성되는 초절전 흑연 발열체의 제조방법을 제공한다. The present invention for achieving the above object relates to a method for producing an ultra-low power graphite heating element, more specifically, at least one powder selected from graphite powder and purified natural graphite powder generated as a by-product during processing of molded graphite. Adding an alcohol to 20 to 80% by weight, mixing, sieving the mixture, shaping the sieved mixture, and sintering the molded body. To provide.
여기서, 상기 알코올은 메탄올 또는 에탄올인 것이 바람직하다.Here, the alcohol is preferably methanol or ethanol.
또한 상기 체가름하는 단계는 325메쉬(44㎛크기)의 체를 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.In addition, the sieving step is preferably using a 325 mesh (44㎛ size) sieve.
또한 상기 성형하는 단계는 가압성형방법 또는 압출성형방법이며, 기물의 형태는 기둥형상 또는 봉형상인 것이 바람직하다. In addition, the forming step is a press molding method or an extrusion molding method, the shape of the base is preferably columnar or rod-shaped.
또한, 상기 체가름하는 단계와, 성형하는 단계 이후에는 각각 건조하는 단계를 더 포함하되, 상기 성형하는 단계 이후에 수행되는 건조단계는 60~100℃의 온도범위에서 12~48시간동안 행해지는 것이 바람직하다.In addition, the sifting step, and after the molding step further comprises the step of drying, respectively, the drying step performed after the molding step is performed for 12 to 48 hours in the temperature range of 60 ~ 100 ℃ desirable.
또한, 상기 소결하는 단계는 1200℃ 이상의 온도에서 수행되는 것이 바람직하다. In addition, the sintering step is preferably performed at a temperature of 1200 ℃ or more.
또한, 상기 콜타르 피치는 60메시(250㎛) 크기의 입자인 것을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다. In addition, the coal tar pitch is preferably used that is a particle size of 60 mesh (250㎛).
또한, 상기 혼합하는 단계에는 퀴놀린(quinoline)을 더 첨가하는 것이 바람직하다. In addition, it is preferable to further add quinoline to the mixing step.
상기한 바와 같이 본 발명에서는 몰디드 그라파이트 가공시 부산물로 얻어지는 흑연분말 또는 정제된 천연흑연분말을 이용하여 초절전 흑연 발열체를 제조하게 되는데, 국내에서 고가의 몰디드 그라파이트가 대량으로 수입되어 대량으로 소비되고 있다는 점을 고려하면, 이러한 부산물을 사용할 경우, 자원 재활용을 촉진시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 저가의 비용으로 흑연 발열체 원료를 얻을 수 있는 장점이 있다.As described above, in the present invention, ultra-low power graphite heating element is manufactured by using graphite powder or purified natural graphite powder obtained as a by-product during the processing of molded graphite, and expensive molten graphite is imported in large quantities in Korea and consumed in large quantities. In consideration of the fact that using these by-products, it is possible not only to promote resource recycling but also to obtain a graphite heating element raw material at low cost.
또한, 탄소입자를 결합시켜주는 결합재로 사용되는 콜타르 피치는 1200℃ 이상에서 흑연화가 일어나는 특성을 지니고 있어서 본 발명의 소결단계를 1200℃ 이상에서 수행할 경우 흑연분말 사이에 결합재로 존재하는 콜타르 피치가 소결과 함께 흑연화가 일어남으로써 보다 높은 강도와 발열성능을 갖는 흑연 발열체를 얻을 수 있는 장점이 있다.In addition, the coal tar pitch used as a binder for bonding the carbon particles has a characteristic that the graphitization occurs at 1200 ℃ or more, so when the sintering step of the present invention at 1200 ℃ or more is the coal tar pitch present as a binder between the graphite powder Graphitization with sintering has the advantage of obtaining a graphite heating element having higher strength and exothermic performance.
본 발명에 따른 초절전 흑연 발열체를 제조하는 방법을 보다 상세하게 살펴보면 다음과 같다. 먼저 몰디드 그라파이트의 가공시 부산물로 발생되는 흑연분말 및 정제된 천연흑연분말 중에서 선택되는 적어도 하나의 분말 20 내지 80중량%에, 콜타르 피치 80 내지 20중량%를 혼합한 후, 퀴놀린(quinoline)과 메탄올을 용매로 하여 볼밀링 하고, 320메쉬(44㎛ 크기)크기의 체를 이용하여 체가름한 후, 이를 이용하여 기물을 성형하였다. 기물은 봉형상으로 성형하였으며, 상기 봉형상의 성형물을 건조하고, 흑연분말에 매식하여 1200℃ 또는 그 이상의 온도에서 열처리함으로써 흑연화 하여 초절전 흑연 발열체를 제조하였다. Looking at the method of manufacturing the ultra-low power graphite heating element according to the present invention in detail. First, 20 to 80% by weight of coal tar pitch is mixed with 20 to 80% by weight of at least one powder selected from graphite powder and purified natural graphite powder which are generated as by-products during processing of the molded graphite, and then quinoline (quinoline) and Ball milling was carried out using methanol as a solvent, sieved using a 320 mesh (44 μm size) sieve, and then, the product was molded using the sieve. The article was molded into a rod shape, and the rod-shaped molded product was dried, embedded in graphite powder, and graphitized by heat treatment at a temperature of 1200 ° C. or higher to prepare an ultra-low power graphite heating element.
상기의 초절전 흑연 발열체 제조방법에 따라 제조된 흑연체는 기공율이 통상 50%로 안팎이 된다. 참고로, 몰디드 그라파이트를 가공하여 전극봉을 제조하게 되 는데 통상 기공율이 15% 내외로 제조되어 2000℃ 이상에서 사용되는 고온 흑연발열체로서의 용도를 가지는 반면, 본 발명에 의한 흑연 발열체는 기공율이 50% 내외이기 때문에 300 내지 600℃ 범위의 저온영역에서 사용될 수 있는 저온 흑연 발열체로서의 용도를 갖는다. Graphite body prepared according to the ultra-low power graphite heating element manufacturing method is porosity of 50% in and out. For reference, an electrode rod is manufactured by processing molded graphite, and the porosity is generally about 15%, and has a use as a high temperature graphite heating element used at 2000 ° C. or higher, whereas the graphite heating element according to the present invention has a porosity of 50%. It has a use as a low temperature graphite heating element that can be used in the low temperature range of 300 to 600 ℃ because it is inside and outside.
즉, 2000℃의 작업온도에서 사용하는 고가의 흑연 발열체를 저온영역에서 사용하는 것은 용도에 맞지 않는 사용으로서, 저온영역에서 사용할 수 있는 비교적 저가의 흑연 발열체의 제작이 필요하다. 이에 본 발명이 의의를 갖는 것이라 할 수 있다. In other words, using an expensive graphite heating element used at a working temperature of 2000 ° C. in a low temperature region is unsuitable for use, and it is necessary to manufacture a relatively inexpensive graphite heating element that can be used in a low temperature region. Therefore, it can be said that the present invention is meaningful.
이상과 같이, 본 발명은 몰디드 그라파이트의 가공과정에서 부산물로 얻어진 흑연 분말을 사용하여 흑연 발열체를 제조함으로써, 자원 재활용을 촉진시킬 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 고순도의 몰디드 그라파이트의 가공과정에서 발생되는 부산물을 그대로 사용하기 때문에 저가의 비용으로 순도가 높은 흑연 발열체를 제조할 수 있으며, 흑연 발열체의 제조 공법을 개선하여 흑연체의 기공율 높임으로써 흑연체의 표면온도를 높이는데 필요한 소비전력을 줄일 수 있는 효과가 있다.As described above, the present invention, by producing a graphite heating element using the graphite powder obtained as a by-product during the processing of the molded graphite, not only can promote the recycling of resources but also by-products generated during the processing of the high-purity molded graphite As it is used as it is, it is possible to manufacture high-purity graphite heating element at low cost, and it is possible to reduce the power consumption required to increase the surface temperature of the graphite body by improving the porosity of the graphite body by improving the manufacturing method of the graphite heating element. have.
또한, 건강에 유익한 원적외선을 발생하는 전열기를 제조 공급할 수 있는 효과가 있다. In addition, there is an effect that can manufacture and supply a heater that generates far-infrared rays, which is beneficial to health.
이하, 본 발명의 이해를 돕기 위하여 바람직한 실시예를 통해 보다 상세히 설명한다.Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to preferred embodiments.
<실험예>Experimental Example
본 발명에 따른 흑연 발열체의 전기 발열체로서의 특성을 알기 위해 흑연봉의 양쪽에 구멍을 뚫어 동선으로 연결한 후 자체에서 제작한 변압기에 연결하여 전압(V), 전류(A)를 변화시키면서 표면온도를 측정하였다.In order to know the characteristics of the graphite heating element as an electric heating element according to the present invention, by connecting the copper wires by drilling holes on both sides of the graphite rod and then connecting to a transformer manufactured by itself, the surface temperature was changed while changing the voltage (V) and current (A). Measured.
금속발열체와 비교하기 위해 금속봉에 대해서도 같은 방법으로 측정하였다.The metal rods were measured in the same manner to compare with the metal heating element.
본 발명에 의하여 제조된 흑연체의 표면온도의 측정치와 금속발열체의 표면온도의 측정치를 하기 표에 나타내었다.The measured value of the surface temperature of the graphite body prepared by the present invention and the surface temperature of the metal heating element are shown in the following table.
<표 1> 흑연발열체의 표면온도 측정치Table 1 Measurement of surface temperature of graphite heating element
상기 표 1에서 확인할 수 있는 바와 같이, 상기 실시예에 의하여 제조된 흑 연발열체는 그 부피가 금속발열체 ψ1.2 x l 100mm에 비하여 흑연발열체 ψ10 x l 100mm는 약 70배 정도, 흑연발열체 ψ10 x l 200mm는 140배 정도로 크지만, 비슷한 표면온도를 얻는데 소요되는 전력은 각각 금속발열체의 약 2.3배 ~ 2.4배(107.18W/47.0W ~ 57.24W/23.94W) 또는 (183.20W/47.0W~93.00W/23.94W) 정도에 불과하였다.As can be seen in Table 1, the graphite heating element manufactured according to the above example has a volume of about 70 times that of the graphite heating element ψ 10 xl 100mm and the graphite heating element ψ10 xl 200mm as compared with the metal heating element ψ1.2 xl 100mm. As large as 140 times, the power required to achieve a similar surface temperature is about 2.3 times to 2.4 times (107.18W / 47.0W to 57.24W / 23.94W) or (183.20W / 47.0W to 93.00W / 23.94) of the metal heating element, respectively. W) was only about.
이러한 특성은 적은 전력으로도 높은 발열량을 얻을 수 있다는 것을 의미하며, 따라서 본 발명에 따라 제조된 흑연체가 고온로가 아닌 저온에서 사용될 수 있는 각종 난로 등의 발열기구의 발열체로서 매우 효율적으로 사용될 수 있음을 의미한다.This characteristic means that high heat generation can be obtained even with low power, and therefore, the graphite produced according to the present invention can be used very efficiently as a heating element of a heating apparatus such as various stoves that can be used at a low temperature instead of a high temperature furnace. Means.
이렇게 본 발명의 높은 기공율을 갖도록 흑연 발열체를 제조함으로서 낮은 전력으로 높은 표면온도를 얻을 수 있는 특성이 있다.As described above, the graphite heating element is manufactured to have a high porosity of the present invention to obtain a high surface temperature with low power.
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