KR20090043503A - Gas removal arrangement and barrel, and/or weapon with a gas removal arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a degassing structure (3) for a barrel (1), wherein the degassing structure (12) is connected to a gas cylinder (12) connected to the barrel bore (4) via connecting channels (8, 10, 10a; 10b) for communication. ). In this case, an inlet member 30 is provided in which the effective flow sections 10a, 10b and thus the working pressure in the gas cylinder 12 match the particular inorganic structure. The invention also relates to a barrel assembly and a weapon having such a gas removal structure (3).

Description

GAS REMOVAL ARRANGEMENT AND BARREL, AND / OR WEAPON WITH A GAS REMOVAL ARRANGEMENT}

The present invention relates to a pipe degassing structure of an auto-loaded gas operated weapon (eg, a machine gun) having a gas cylinder connected to a barrel aperture for the purpose of barrel and / or interchange. Such degassing equipment is known from DE 196 15 181, for example.

In the following, the expression "barrel" means not only a smooth inorganic pipe, but also a barrel having groves and lands. Directions such as top, bottom, front, rear, right and left are given from the shooter's perspective on the weapon held in the firing position.

In the so-called gas operated weapon in which the loading mechanism is operated by the gas pressure of the ammunition, the gas piston is arranged in the gas cylinder. In general, the gas cylinder is closed on one end such that the pressure chamber is formed between the rear face of the gas piston and the front face of the gas cylinder, which form a communication connection with the inner part of the barrel. During firing, the gas of the ammunition enters into the pressure chamber as soon as the projectile passes through the connection point between the gas chamber and the barrel aperture. The entry gas is increased in the pressure chamber such that the pressure affects the front face of the actuating piston.

Through the actuating piston, the resulting force is part of the weapon's loading mechanism and actuates an actuator rod that causes cartridge feeding and removal, locking, and cocking of the trigger mechanism, if necessary. In a fully automatic weapon, this mechanism is activated while the trigger is held in the firing position. Thus, during firing, the explosive energy released is partially converted for the weapon's power transfer.

Conventionally, the cross section of the flow, the design of the gas piston, and the pressure chamber are adjusted for the weapon in a predetermined manner so that the desired firing speed can be adjusted and also the excessive stress of the instrument actuator can be eliminated. To this end, a pressure chamber (in addition to the radial connection to the barrel) is installed on the front side with an axial gas discharge opening to regulate the pressure. Thus, gas entering the gas cylinder from the barrel is partially released from the gas cylinder and / or the pressure chamber to the surroundings such that the pressure in the pressure chamber is relatively low compared to the barrel. This example is likewise known from DE 196 15 181.

There is also a mechanism in which the amount of gas exiting the barrel enters the pressure chamber in the axial direction on the front side (see, for example, DE 648 391). The amount of gas entering can be adjusted via the locking screw. However, the ventilation of the gas cylinder is achieved by the piston completely leaving the cylinder, whereby it is possible for the gas to escape.

In the replacement of weapons and / or ammunition, the gas pressure state in the barrel aperture and / or gas cylinder is also changed. For example, if an muffler is alternatively installed in a normally mounted weapon with a flash compressor, the gas pressure increases in the barrel aperture and thus in the gas cylinder and / or pressure chamber. Thus, the speed of the working piston increases. This leads to an increase in the loading rate and / or the flashing process of the automated weapon. If different types of ammunition are used, the same effect occurs (larger propulsion load, larger bullet mass).

The loading process accelerated in this way also increases the rate of fire. This is accompanied by an increase in the use of ammunition and a gradual increase in mechanical stress on inorganic parts. Unnecessary increases in the use of ammunition can cause inevitable problems in the military use of these weapons. At the same time, if the weapon is used without improving the weapon's performance, it is necessary to bring more ammunition and become available. Higher demands on weapons result in shorter spacings and increases in wear and tear for maintenance and repair.

In order to stabilize the firing rate, it is difficult to continuously adjust the flow and pressure conditions of the degassing structure under operating conditions and cannot be applied in practice.

It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved degassing structure which at least partially obviates the aforementioned problems.

This object is addressed as the subject matter of claim 1. The present invention is characterized in that the effective flow cross section is adjustable according to the inorganic structure by a separate inlet member.

In this regard, the weapon structure is the predetermined set-up of a weapon and / or the use of certain ammunition with such a weapon. In a wide variety of ways, with the use of the inlet member in the connecting channel between the barrel aperture and the gas cylinder, an appropriate flow cross section can be achieved by a suitably designed inlet member. Thus, various inlet members with appropriate flow cross sections to be determined for a given weapon structure can be exchanged without the need for further adjustment to the weapon.

In a further variant according to claim 2, this inlet member which can be inserted into the gas removal structure is designed in an adjustable and / or removable form. Designing the inlet member in the degassing structure is advantageous because it is easy to implement suitable design and application for the use of such inlet member for construction and production reasons.

According to claim 3, this inlet member may be characterized by a number of different through bore-holes which form a predetermined flow cross section according to the predetermined operating position of the inlet member. Basically, in this way it is possible to switch between the front and rear of the many types of operation. According to claim 4, the adjustment takes place by rotating or moving the inlet member in the degassing structure.

The design according to claim 5 locked to a certain place makes it easier to repeat the adjustment of the appropriate operating position.

Claim 6 relates to a further variant featuring an effective surface which works with the locking device such that the specially designed indentation achieves at least one of the regulator stopper, the resting surface and the mounting lock. In this regard, the regulator stopper means that the adjustment of the inlet member is suppressed above a predetermined range; The resting surface forms a corresponding operating position of the gas removal structure; Mounting lock means that unintended removal is prevented by the proper locking effect between the locking unit and the indentation. The indentation itself can be produced by any suitable production method (eg by turning, milling, grinding, precision casting, injection molding, etc.). According to claim 7, the display element is designed on an insert in which the operating setting of the inlet member can be seen and / or detected by contact.

This marking function is particularly important for weapons because the shooter can determine the appropriate operating settings by "one aim" or "one touch".

A further variant according to claim 8 facilitates the operation of the inlet member, the inner hexagonal profile can be operated with a conventional tool, and / or the slots are readily available articles (eg, Coin).

Claims 9 and 10 relate to a barrel component having a gas release structure according to the invention and / or to a weapon having such a barrel component.

1 is a longitudinal cut of a muzzle region of a barrel having a gas removal apparatus according to the present invention;

2 is an enlarged view of the gas removal region of FIG. 1,

3 is a (right) side view of the gas removal structure according to the invention,

4 is a (left) side view of the gas removal structure according to the invention,

5 is a cross-sectional view of a gas removal structure according to the present invention in the region of a gas channel;

6 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view (plane A-A of FIG. 5) showing the locking and safety mechanism;

7 is a perspective view of an inlet for a gas removal structure according to the invention.

In the following, the invention is explained more closely by way of example.

FIG. 1 shows the muzzle area of the weapon with the barrel 1, in which the flash compressor 2 is arranged at the front end. Behind the flash compressor, the gas removal section 3 is attached to a barrel which is connected to a locking mechanism, which is also not shown, via a rod, not shown.

When the ammunition is fired, the fired propellant gas passes forward through the barrel compressor through the flash compressor 2 in the direction of the target through the barrel bore 4 extending concentrically to the so-called bore axis 6 out of the bullet casing. To fire. As soon as the bullet passes through the region of the gas removal section 3, part of the propulsion gas enters the tab bore hole 8 that extends diagonally in the barrel bore 4, which is radial in the barrel 1. It is guided into the pressure chamber 14 formed by the gas cylinder 12 through the adjacent gas channel 10 extending into the remover 3.

This area is shown enlarged in FIG. The gas piston 16 is slidably seated with an appropriate fit to the inner wall of the gas cylinder 12 and extends within the gas cylinder 12. The fit between the outer surface of the gas piston 16 and the cylindrical inner wall of the gas cylinder 12 is selected such that the gas piston 16 is arranged in the gas cylinder 12 in a movable and highly leak-proof manner. Surfaces sliding against each other are properly machined and finished (turning, milling, grinding, and fine-grinding), and the surfaces are surface treated (hardening, chromium-plating, coating, etc.) to increase durability. . In addition, the design configuration may include a compression ring.

The propellant gas entering the compression chamber 14 increases the operating pressure between the front face of the gas piston 16 and the gas cylinder 12 and / or the front face of the compression chamber 14. This pressure moves the gas piston 16 and thus moves the rod backwards, thereby carrying the pressure shock to the inorganic actuator which activates the locking and loading mechanism (both not shown).

The gas removal part 3 and the gas cylinder 12 shown here as one member are closely connected to the barrel 1 by the collar 18. The collar 18 can be heat-fitted with a suitable fitting on the corresponding outer casing area of the barrel 1. Accordingly, the axial position on the barrel 1 is defined by an offset 20 on which the collar 18 rests on its end face. The collar 17 and thus the gas removal part 3 are additionally attached to the barrel 1 by means of pins 22 in the axial and circumferential directions. For example, these fins may be dowel fins or conical fins that draw the collar 18 outwardly in the region of the gas channel 10 in the outward direction of the barrel 1, and thus tap bore holes 8 The outer opening of) merges closely with the opening of the gas channel 10. This seal prevents the leakage of gas between the barrel 1 and the collar 18.

In the illustrated embodiment, the gas piston 16 is at its reference end (shown in FIG. 2) of the gas cylinder 16, with the auxiliary piston 16a partially entering the vent bore-hole 24 at its front end. It is installed on. Some of the gas propellant exits through the vent bore-hole 24 to the front discharge nozzle 26 when the gas piston 16 is moved slightly rearward (under the effect of the propulsion gas), thereby assisting the auxiliary piston 16a. Will not cover the vent bore-hole 24. As a result, the pressure in the pressure chamber 14 is reduced, and the influence of the gas on the gas piston 16 (and thus the rod attached at the rear) is reduced. Thus, a "softer" pressure flow on the gas piston is obtained. As a result, the forces on adjacent rods and loading and / or locking mechanisms are also reduced.

In the gas channel 10 itself, an inlet member 30 is designed which is inserted into the through-bore-hole 32 extending diagonally to the gas channel 10 and the bore axis 6 (see FIG. 5). In the illustrated embodiment, the inlet member 30 features two bore-holes 10a, 10b that intersect at about 90 ° angles, penetrate each other, and have different diameters.

In the position shown in FIG. 2, the bore-hole 10a faces the barrel at its end and thus connects with the end of the gas channel 10 facing the gas cylinder. By rotating the inlet member 30 by 90 °, the bore 10b can be adjusted to be connected to the two ends of the gas channel 10. Depending on the through bore-holes 10a and / or 10b selected, the flow cross-sectional area between the tap bore-holes 8 and the gas cylinder 12 is changed, thereby changing the amount of superflow gas. Between the inlet member 30 and the through bore-hole 32, an interference fit is designed such that the bore holes 10a, 10b that are not active and not aligned with the gas channel are sealed.

Options for adjusting the flow cross-sectional area between the tap bore-hole 8 and the gas cylinder 12 and / or the pressure chamber 14 in a fixed, predetermined manner may be used to obtain optimal firing speeds in various modes of operation. Allows you to adjust your weapon for the mode of operation.

For example, the use of a silencer (not shown) in place of the use of the flash compressor 2 increases the gas pressure in the barrel aperture 4. This increased pressure causes an increase in the increased gas pressure in the pressure chamber 14 with the unaltered gas channel cross section 10 (10a or 10b), thereby causing higher acceleration of the gas piston 16. will be.

This will increase the rate of firing, thus causing increased stress or wear on the locking and reload mechanism. In the worst case, it may cause a malfunction of the release mechanism, and the time for reloading a new cartridge from the magazine is too short to reliably transfer from the locking structure to the cartridge chamber.

In order to maintain the pressure increase in the pressure chamber 14 at a constant level equal to the increase in gas pressure in the barrel bore 4, the inlet member has a bore-hole 10a, 10b with a smaller diameter than the tab bore 8. It can be adjusted to connect with the pressure chamber 14 having a cross-sectional area. Corresponding bore-holes 10a, 10b gradually increase in pressure and reduce overflow gas so that the firing rate remains constant.

In the embodiment shown, for an ammunition of NATO aperture 7.62 the bore diameter of the bore-holes 10a and / or 10b is designed to be 1.7 mm when used with a flash compressor and 1.2 mm for use with a silencer. For other conventional apertures used with assault rifles, the diameter can be between 0.5 and 2 mm. However, for other weapons and other apertures, the corresponding diameters need to be adjusted and can be arranged differently.

The hybrid positioning and locking mechanism is designed for locking of the inlet member 30 in the through bore-hole 32 in the gas removal section 3. Its function can be seen in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 6 as well as FIGS. 3, 4, 5 and 7.

7 shows an enlarged perspective view of the inlet member 30. At one end, the inlet member features an adjusting head 34 having a protruding indicator and a control blade 36 on the side.

An operating slot 40 and an inner hexagonal profile 38 are located on the front face of the adjustment head 34 (FIG. 3). Both aim to insert a suitable tool or device (e.g., a coin) to rotate the inlet member in the through bore-hole 32 for positioning the required connecting bore-holes 10a, 10b. In charge.

In FIG. 7, the two openings of the bore-holes 10a, 10b can be seen in the cylindrical shank region 42. At the end of the shank region 42, an indentation 44 into which the locking device 46 can interlock is designed (FIG. 6).

For interconnection with the locking device 46, the indent 44 is operated in the following manner. The front end 52 of the locking device 46 elastically engages the indent 44. Appropriate elastic force is pre-tensioned on the locking pin 50 via a compression spring 48 which is arranged with the locking device 46 in the conductor 49.

The two radial sides 54, 56 (see FIG. 7) of the indentation 44 to which the end 52 engages determine the axial position of the inlet member within the through bore 32 and inadvertent removal. To prevent. The two radial sides 54, 56 are connected to each other by corner arcs 58, 60. Indentation 44 and bore-holes 10a, 10b are arranged relative to each other such that each of corner arcs 58, 60 forms a stopper in the circumferential direction, which stopper, together with end 52, has a bore- The final rotational position of the inlet member 30 is determined by aligning each of the holes 10a, 10b with the gas channel 10.

Finally, the indentation features two or more stop faces 62, 64 that interact with the front face 66 on the end 52 of the locking device 46.

With the rotation of the inlet member 30, the edge 63 separating the two stop surfaces 62, 64 moves across the front face 66, thereby pressing the locking device backward against the elastic force. If a predetermined turning point has elapsed, the front face 66 is pressed against the edge 63 under the effect of the feather 48, so that the final position at which further suitable bores 10a, 10b align with the gas channel 10. Rotate to

For removal of the inlet member 30, the locking device 46 has an actuating pin 68 which can be reached through the channel 70 from the outside (FIG. 4). Above the actuation pin 68, the locking device 46 can be moved out of the grip of the indent 44 so that the inlet member 30 can be pressed out of the through bore-hole 32. The shoulder 72 of the locking device 46 and the corresponding step 73 in the conductor 49 are released when the actuating pin is fully disengaged (when the inlet member 30 is removed), and the locking device is a through bore-hole. (32) to prevent sliding into.

In the embodiment described above, the inlet member 30 is designed to have two through bore-holes 10a, 10b. However, in other embodiments, a plurality of staggered through bore-holes may be designed so that three or more different through bore-hole settings are possible. In addition, there are embodiments in which each inlet member 30 features only one bore-hole and in which distribution of gas can be effected by separate replacement of such inlet members.

In another embodiment, the through bore-holes may be arranged next to each other. That is, they may be at different axial positions on the shank 42. Thus, these bore-holes may be aligned with the gas channel 10 as appropriate within or outside the movement of the inlet member 30.

Thus, the inlet member 30 is designed as a slider. Such mechanisms will be equipped with individual locking devices.

Additional embodiments and modifications of the invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art related to the following claims.

Claims (10)

In the gas removal structure (3) for the barrel (1) having a gas cylinder (12) in communication with the barrel aperture (40) through connecting channels (8, 10, 10a, 10b), The effective flow cross sections 10a, 10b can be adjusted by the inlet member 30 according to the inorganic structure. Barrel degassing structure. The method of claim 1, The inlet member 30 is designed to be inserted into the degassing structure in an adjustable and / or removable manner. Barrel degassing structure. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The inlet member has a number of different bore-holes 10a, 10b that form a flow cross section according to a predetermined operating position of the inlet member 30. Barrel degassing structure. The method of claim 3, wherein The operating position is created by the rotation and / or movement of the inlet member 30 in the degassing structure 3. Barrel degassing structure. The method according to claim 3 or 4, The inlet member 30 is designed to be locked in each operating position Barrel degassing structure. The method according to claim 4 or 5, An adjustment and locking device 46 is designed to resiliently engage with an indent 44 designed on the inlet member 30, which inlet lock 54 engages with the locking device 46. 56, formed with at least one of effective surfaces such as corner arcs 54, 60, locking surfaces 62, 64  Barrel degassing structure. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, A display element 36 is designed on the inlet member 30 that optically or manually indicates an operating mode of the inlet member 30. Barrel degassing structure. In the gas removal structure (3), The inlet member 30 has at least one cut face for positioning the actuating tool, which cut face shape advantageously takes the form of an inner hexagonal profile 38 and / or a slot 40. Barrel degassing structure. Having a gas removal structure (3) according to any of the preceding claims Barrel component. Having a barrel component according to claim 9 weapon.

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