KR20090028716A - Stairway for use on building sites - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is a portable, modular stairway unit for use on a building site during construction of a multistorey building, the stairway unit including: a stair run section with a plurality of rise-separated stair treads, the stair run section having an upper and a lower end; an upper landing connected to the stair run section at, or at a distance from, the upper end of the stair run section; a lower landing connected to the stair run section at, or at a distance from, the lower end of the stair run section; wherein each of the landings have portions that extend laterally beyond a width of the stair run section, the landings being devised to extend inwardly into respective upper and lower storey levels of the building when the stairway unit is situated adjacent to a face of the building; and anchoring means arranged to removeably secure the landings, in use, at the upper and lower storey levels thereby to provide a double-cantilevered mounting of the stair run section extending between the two building storey levels.

Description

Stairs for building site use {STAIRWAY FOR USE ON BUILDING SITES}

The present invention relates to a staircase, more specifically a staircase suitable for temporary installation and use in a building site during a building construction process.

Temporary stairway is usually required to allow construction workers to move from one floor of a building to another at a building site where a multi-story building is being built.

Usually a permanent stairway is formed simultaneously with multiple floor floor slabs, but making a safe and simple (for example cast-in-place) staircase for workers to use is a separate field construction, ie handrail, This requires the installation of safety equipment such as anti-slip stair step surfaces. More importantly, stairwells of staircases, usually permanently installed, are located at or at the end of the building and require additional travel time to reach the stairs when workers work in different locations within the building during construction work. . If the materials are to be transported between different floors of a building, this inconvenience is exacerbated because it may be necessary to move several times from a long distance.

In order to speed up the process and provide a more efficient environment for building workers, temporary staircases can be constructed at various locations around the building under construction, after which construction is completed or permanently installed staircases are used. The hypothesis step can be eliminated if it is safe for.

In the case of a multi-storey building, a temporary staircase is typically provided on or within the scaffolding structures present on the outer sides of the building. For example, U. S. Patent No. 3,684, 057 discloses a mobile staircase consisting of parts, such as a scaffolding ladder, which is lockably mounted to an outrigger support, which in turn is placed on an upright strut of the scaffold. Locked in a releasable lock. The protective side guard rails are hingedly connected to the supporting columns, which in turn are pivotally mounted to the scaffold ladder side frame members.

Although portable stairway assemblies incorporated into the scaffold have been found to be increasingly used in the construction field, the drawback of such scaffold stair structures is that they require external scaffolding, for example, especially the modular scaffold ladder parts. It is necessary to merge a number of additional structural elements to secure them to the scaffold.

Another problem with such types of modular / movable stairs is that these stairs are difficult to adjust the floor height, ie the stairs are designed for individual floor heights between the low floor floor height and the adjacent top floor floor height. For a horizontal position, the inclination angle of the stair run section, which is part of a staircase that includes a number of individual steps (each defined by a vertical challenge and a horizontal run), indicates that the building code is a step by step. If a minimum dimensional stability standard is required for), it is usually limited to individual values. For example, the rise and tread of each individual stage can be fixed so that the riser does not exceed 215 mm and the riser does not extend below 215 mm. It is industry practice to use the ratio of vertical to step surfaces of stairs in the construction of stair slides.

A plurality of tread plates are cascaded in parallel, height-adjustable or self-height, which is movably fixed to a staircase with a pair of opposing longitudinal stringers having distal end connections across it. The use of staircase structures is well known in the construction and transportation industry. The stringer and connections are pivotally coupled to provide a parallelogram frame structure that supports the stepping surface. As is well known, the steps are spanned between the longitudinal stepboards, so that the steps can be adjusted as a flexible assembly so as to meet the required slope or pitch angle of the stepboards required to connect between the desired heights. The face plates remain substantially horizontal, but the vertical face changes with the change of the inclination angle. Examples of such adjustable stairs can be found in US Pat. No. 3,626,438, US Pat. No. 3,593,821 and US Pat. No. 4,768,617. Note that although all of these documents disclose a height adjustable staircase structure, none of these structures have been employed in temporary staircase units between multi-storey building floors to the best of our knowledge.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a mobile staircase unit suitable for use on a construction site during the construction of a multi-storey building, which can be deployed in an assembled state and is adjustable for use in buildings having varying floor / ceiling heights. Preferably, such staircase units should have a modular layout and include a fastening or fixing structure that allows the staircase unit to be temporarily fixed in one location of the building and can be easily removed for deployment in another location, or Should be used.

It would also be desirable to provide a temporary staircase structure that can be detachably fixed to a building without structural damage to building elements such as, for example, floor slabs and walls of the building floor.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a portable modular stairway unit for use in a building site under construction of a multi-story building,

The staircase unit of the present invention includes: a stair slide having a rise-separated stair tread separate from a plurality of vertical surfaces and having upper and lower ends;

An upper landing connected to the stair slide at or at a predetermined distance from the upper end of the stair slide;

A lower landing connected to the stair slide at or below the lower end of the stair slide;

A fixing means arranged to removably secure the landing at the upper and lower floor levels, in use, to provide a double cantilevered mounting of the stairway slide extending between the two floor levels of the building,

Each landing has sections extending laterally beyond the width of the stair slide, and the landings are formed to extend inwardly to the upper and lower floor levels of the building, respectively, when the stair unit is positioned adjacent to the building surface. .

The modular stairs according to the invention result in significant cost savings in terms of assembly time if the stairs can be located in an outer position adjacent to the building surface as a pre-assembled unit and by appropriately anchoring the landings of the upper and lower floors. The module is fixed at a predetermined position.

Preferably at least one of the landings is pivotally secured to the stairway so that the slope of the stairway can be varied in use. More preferably, each landing is hinged to the stairway, since the landings can be folded into the scaffolding for ease of transport when the stair module is not used.

An embodiment of a staircase comprising landings articulated or hingedly connected to both the upper and lower ends of the stairway slide has a varying floor height (ie, the distance from the floor of the building to the floor of an adjacent floor) that varies within a given narrow width. Allows the same staircase unit to be deployed and used in buildings with For example, some multi-storey buildings have floor-ceilings, for example, where the floor-to-ceiling height can have an increased floor-ceiling height of 2,700 mm at the lower level and for example 2,900 mm at the upper floor level. The height of the liver contains floor levels that vary.

In an alternative form, at least one of the landings is fixed to the stairway slide to enable linear movement along the longitudinal axis of the stairway, and further includes securing means for securing the landing at the desired location along the stepway. The distance between the upper landing and the lower landing of the stair slide can be varied and can be fixed at the desired position.

In particular, the lower landing is arranged to be maintained at a fixed angle of inclination with respect to the longitudinal axis of the stairway, so that the step and vertical surfaces of each step are kept horizontal and vertical, respectively, when the stairway is moved relative to the landing.

In another preferred and advantageous embodiment, the inclination with respect to the longitudinal axis of the stairway is selectively changed in such a way that the stepping surfaces remain substantially horizontal, regardless of the angle of inclination of the stairway when extending between adjacent floors of the building. A plurality of stepping surfaces, which can be fixed and fixed, are formed to be provided in the stair slide. Preferably, the change in the inclination of the short tread surface is achieved by providing a coupling mechanism that causes the individual tread surfaces to articulate with each other such that the change in the inclination angle of the stairway slide is changed to automatically adjust the tread surfaces to the horizontal position. The present invention uses the known adjustable stairway construction principle as described in the above-mentioned US patents of Cornell, Lister, Mason et al.

Preferably, the fixing means are provided by height adjustable props arranged for loading in compression when each landing extends between the floor and the ceiling of each floor to which it is fixed. The use of compression props instead of conventional fixing bolts, hooks, and loops avoids damage to the building structure, which is provided to the building structure to provide a fixation point or attachment to the landing of the modular stair unit. Because there is no need to drill. Height adjustable pedestals are known in the construction industry as fastening formwork before and after pouring building floor slabs. It should be noted, however, that fasteners, such as conventional bolts, can be used to temporarily fix the landing, for example in developing modular stairs.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Other features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the description herein provided in conjunction with the drawings.

1 is a schematic side view of a modular staircase in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention installed between two floors of a building with respect to an exterior face of the building;

FIG. 2 is a top view along arrow II direction of the stairs of FIG. 1; FIG.

3 is an end view along the arrow III direction of the stairs of FIG.

4 is a side view of the stairs of FIG. 1 in a mobile or non-deployed position.

5 is a schematic partial side view of a height adjustable modular staircase in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

1 shows a modular stair unit 10 in a predetermined position on the outer side between the upper and lower floors 12 and 14 of a building. The modular stair unit 10 includes four stairways 16, a lower landing 18, a stair slide 20 extending between and connected to the landings 16 and 18, and every landing described in more detail below. Each of the fixing members 22a to 22d is formed.

The stairway slide 20 essentially comprises a plurality of individual tread surfaces 24 in the form of plates and, optionally, a riser 26 extending therebetween. The tread surfaces 24 are suitably secured and supported to opposing tread surface support bar panels (not shown) at the widthwise ends, in a known manner as described, for example, in US Pat. No. 3,788,028. Optionally, a stepping-vertical side adjustable stairway slide assembly, such as described in US Pat. No. 3,593,821 or US Pat. No. 4,768,617, may, of course, be included in the concept of the present invention. Make the necessary changes to make them work.

FIG. 1 also schematically shows a protective fence structure 28 which is fixed to each widthwise portion of the stair slide 20 to further protect the user of the modular stair unit. Conventional hand rails can be replaced.

The stairway slide 20 is made and assembled from materials and components commonly used in making mobile stairs. The component is preferably made of sheet and section steel and allows the staircase 10 to be strong enough to withstand the significant loads generated during building construction and to withstand climate fluctuations.

As best shown in FIG. 2, each of the two landings 16, 18, which are essentially rectangular steel plates, protrude to one side of the portion extending in the width direction beyond the width of the stair slide 20. Each has a portion labeled 16a and 18a, ie the landing has an exterior projection that serves to fix the stairs 10 to the building. In deployment of the modular unit 10 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the portions 16a, 18a of the landings are substantially coplanar with the floors 12a, 14a of each of the floor levels 12, 14. Extends horizontally into the building. Both the upper landing and the lower landing 16, 18 are articulated (using axial hinges) at the upper and lower ends of the stair slide 20, respectively, so that the upper landing and the lower landing 18, 16 respectively. Maintaining in the horizontal direction allows the entire module unit to be deployed between several building floors having a height between the various floors 14a / ceilings 14b. It can be seen that the inclination angle i of the stair sliding part 20 changes according to the height between the ceiling and the floor.

The modular staircase 10 as a whole is in two positions by a total of eight longitudinally adjustable compression pegs 22a to 22d, for example screw props, of the type commonly used in the building industry. In other words, the cantilever is detachably fixed at the upper bottom and the lower bottom 12, 14. Pedestals 22a to 22c consist essentially of a tubular strut with plate foundations at the lowermost end, and the opposite upper hollow end of the pedestal tubes has an inner tread surface into which the outer threaded stem of the pedestal header is inserted. internal tread). It is desirable to have a mechanism that allows height adjustment (and tension / wedge action) of the pedestals to take place at the upper end (header) of the units to prevent accidental de-tensioning of the pedestal during use of the stairs.

As shown in FIGS. 1-4, a total of four pedestals 22a-22d are provided for each landing 16, 18 to provide a stable anchoring arrangement at the bottom and top of the stair unit at several building levels. Each of the pedestals is positioned adjacent the edges of the landing platform portions 16a, 18a so that potential warping and deformation of the pedestals due to the weight of the steps or the load of the steps can be minimized. The overall arrangement allows the dual cantilever mount of the stair slide 20 to be formed in the building.

Each of the pedestals can be secured to the landing 16, 18 by a known manner, for example by penetrating the pedestal through the appropriately sized through-holes of the platform and then fixing it in the position of the platform 16, 18 relative to the tubular pedestal strut. have. It is desirable that the pedestals are welded to the landing during the manufacturing process of the system to provide an overall prefabricated unit to minimize installation time. The use of pedestals to join and fix / secure the modular staircase unit 10 between building floors ensures that the installation of the entire unit is not position dependent, for example due to fixed fixtures in building structures, eg floor slabs. It is not necessary to provide a fixed location.

It is also possible to eliminate the receptacle holes for the pedestal and instead weld (or otherwise secure) the pedestal foundations to the top surfaces of the landing platform portions 16a, 18a. The headers of all four pedestals 22a through 22d can extend until they attach to the ceiling surface, so that additional tension tightly compresses the elastically deformable steel platform portions to the floor surface of the floor to ensure a secure frictional engagement of the landing at the floor of the floor. friction-tight engagement. If desired, friction increasing finishing may be provided on the surfaces of the platforms 16, 18.

As best shown in FIG. 1 and also schematically shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each landing is provided with L-shaped fence structures 30, 32 on opposite sides of the building to ensure the safety of the user of the stair unit. It is to be noted that it is noted that the fences 30 and 32 extend into the building floors once the stair unit is mounted and secured in place.

4 shows a modular staircase in a transport position, where the stair slide 20 extends parallel and horizontally with landings 16, 18 to facilitate transporting the modular stair unit to a flatbed truck. do. The modular articulation of the stair unit 10 allows the stair unit to be transported to the building site in a pre-assembled manner, where a crane lift lifts the stair unit to a predetermined location on the outside of the building. Can be used to raise.

As mentioned above, in one preferred form, the stair slide 20 is of a type having height adjustable treads that enable the use of the same modular unit 10 for different floor levels. . However, if the change in the inclination angle (i) of the inclined position of the step slides of which the step surfaces are essentially horizontal can be changed by a certain amount without making the whole of the stair unit unsafe, the both ends of the step slides 20 themselves The hinged arrangement of the top and bottom landings 16, 18 can provide some degree of adjustability (within construction error) for different floor level heights.

Preferably the width and angle of the tread faces and the distances between the tread faces should comply with the relevant building codes or standards. For example, according to Australian standard AS 1657-1992, the stairs must not be less than 600 mm wide, the angle of inclination of the stairs less than 26.5 °, or exceed 45 °, and the height of each vertical plane must be between 150 mm and 215 mm. In addition, the length of each stepping surface should be between 215 mm and 305 mm.

FIG. 5 illustrates a modification of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 4. Similar reference numerals are used in FIG. 5 to refer to similar components, which are not described in further detail herein. As in the previous embodiment, the upper landing 16 is hinged to the top of the stair slide 20 so that the angle between the platform 16 and the conceptual longitudinal plane (or axis) of the slide 20 is ii. ) Can be changed. Unlike the previous embodiment, however, the lower landing 18 is fixed to the stairway sliding portion 20 to allow movement along the longitudinal axis of the sliding portion 20 while maintaining the landing platform 18 in a generally horizontal position. . For this reason, the landing platform 18 is provided with a support 32 defining a sleeve in which the lower far end of the stair slide 20 is received for sliding engagement so that the entire platform structure 18 is unit 20. It can be moved up and down in the direction of the arrow (iii) along the longitudinal direction of. The sleeve member 32 is suitably attached to the side plates or bars 34 of the stair slide 20, with the rollers connected to the landing 18 having the bar 18 against the bar member 34. It is located to be able to move along. When the landing 18 is in the desired position, the landing does not move fixed to the stair sliding section 20, for example, using a nut and bolt clamp, a positioning pin or bolt or the like. Preferably, a series of holes 36 are present in the side bars 34 of the stair slide 20 at different positions, the bolt being inserted into the at least one hole 36 through the support 32. The landing 18 is fixed in the desired position.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the present invention can be implemented in many different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

All of the documents, devices, acts or information described in this specification are included to describe the present invention. The above materials are not an admission that they are part of the knowledge or general basis of the prior art, which are widely known in the relevant fields of Australia at or before the filing date of a patent application herein.

Claims (8)

A mobile modular stair unit for use in building sites under construction of multi-storey buildings, A stair run section having a rise-separated stair tread separate from the plurality of vertical surfaces and having an upper and a lower end; An upper landing connected to the stair slide at or at a predetermined distance from the upper end of the stair slide; A lower landing connected to the stair slide at or below the lower end of the stair slide; Settlement arranged to, in use, removably secure the upper and lower floor levels to provide double-cantilevered mounting of stairway slides extending between the two floor levels of the building. Means, Each of the landings has sections extending laterally beyond the width of the stairway, and the landings are formed to extend inwardly to the upper and lower floor levels of the building, respectively, when the stair unit is positioned adjacent to the building surface. Mobile modular staircase unit, characterized in that. The method of claim 1, And at least one of the landings is pivotally secured to the stepping slide so that the inclination of the stepping slide can be varied with respect to the at least one landing. The method of claim 2, And each of the landings is hingedly connected to respective ends of the stair slide. The method of claim 1, At least one of the landings is secured to the stairway slide to enable linear movement along the longitudinal axis of the stairway and further comprises fixing means for securing the landing at the desired location along the stairway; A movable modular stair unit, characterized in that the distance between the upper landing and the lower landing of the stair slide can be fixed in a desired position. The method of claim 4, wherein And the lower landing is arranged to be maintained at a fixed inclination angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of the stair slide. The method according to claim 4 or 5, And a stair sliding part comprises fastening points spaced apart and separated along a longitudinal direction of the stair sliding part. The method according to any of the preceding claims, And a means for securing the upper landing at an angle with respect to the stair slide. The method of claim 7, wherein And wherein the predetermined angle is between about 26.5 ° and 45 ° from the horizontal position.

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