KR20090016693A - Connecting passage node or end node and method for production thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to method for producing a connecting passage node or end node which has a rectangular shape in cross section and consists of electrical conductors. Said nodes are produced by compacting and subsequent welding of the conductors by means of ultrasound in a compression chamber of the ultrasound welding machine of which the height and width can be adjusted and which has a rectangular shape in cross section, wherein opposite delimitation surfaces of the compression chamber form sections of a sonotrode and an opposite counter electrode, respectively. In order to connect electrical conductors which are difficult to weld to an end node and/or connecting passage node, it is suggested that the conductors (50, 52, 54) are brought into a sleeve and, subsequently, the sleeve (62, 65) is welded with the conductors in the compression chamber to form the end node and/or connecting passage node (49) having a rectangular cross section.

Description

CONNECTING PASSAGE NODE OR END NODE AND METHOD FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF

The present invention relates to a polygon consisting of electrical conductors, such as strings, through compaction and continuous welding of conductors in a compression chamber of a polygon that is adjustable in height and / or width, such as a rectangular cross section of a welding machine such as an ultrasonic welder. In a method of manufacturing a connecting passage node or end node having a geometric shape (such as a rectangle), wherein the facing interfaces of the compression chamber form an electrode, such as a sonotrode, and regions of the corresponding electrode opposite thereto. It is about. The present invention also makes a reference to a connecting passage node or end node made of electrical conductors that are compressed and welded together, whereby the connecting passage node or end node has a polygonal shape such as a parallelepiped.

The corresponding ultrasonic welding process is known from EP-B-0 723 713. The connection passage nodes or end nodes produced show high strength due to the parallelepiped shape. The result from this is also the possibility of standardized installation or circuit design.

One principle design of an ultrasonic welding device with a compression chamber that is adjustable in height and width is also known from DE-C-37 19 083 or WO-A-2006 / 010551. By these, the strings can only be connected to one another or can be connected to a carrier inherently rigid with the strings.

From DE-A-103 36 408, a method for connecting an electrical cable with sleeve-shaped connecting elements is also known, whereby the electrical cable is inserted into the insertion hole of the sleeve and then over its entire circumference. The inserted area of the electrical cable is evenly pinched and pressed together radially inward to connect the contact element and the sleeve-shaped connecting element via ultrasonic welding. A swaging machine is used to evenly grasp the electrical cable.

To produce a conductive connection of a wire with an insulating paint, DE-B-102 29 565 is surrounded by a sleeve, the sleeve being placed between the anvil and the sonote rod of the ultrasonic welding device together with the painted wires. And then to be deformed and welded. The result obtainable is the connection of elliptic or egg-shaped cross sections.

In welding conductors of different material properties, or conductors with very thin strings, it has always been necessary for the weld quality to not meet the set requirements, or to make the necessary internal connections or to break the thin strings.

Therefore, the task of the present invention is to connect electrical conductors that are difficult or impossible to weld in accordance with the state of the art to end nodes or connecting passage nodes having a polygonal geometry such as a rectangular cross section. Therefore, in accordance with a further aspect of the present invention, in doing so, the node is subjected to mechanical and mechanical loads to prevent damage to the conductor and to ensure that conductors or materials with altered material properties can be welded to the required quality. Endured.

In order to solve the above problem, the present invention essentially consists in that the conductors are inserted into a sleeve, in particular of a conductive material or metal, and then the sleeve together with the conductors at the end node or connecting passage node of a polygonal cross section, such as a rectangle, in the compression chamber. We propose a manufacturing method to be welded.

By allowing the conductors to be inserted into the sleeve, the connecting passage node or end node may be made of different materials or exhibit different material states, depending on the state of the art that cannot be welded or is difficult to weld, The possibility arises that makes it possible to carry out welding into a node or a connecting passage node. Even strings of fine or very fine wires can be welded without damaging the individual cores. The sleeve itself provides additional mechanical protection from high levels of mechanical and mechanical loads. This can ensure that, regardless of the initial shape of the sleeve, the sleeves with conductors are deformed and welded into the end node or connecting passage node of the polygonal column geometry, in particular the parallelepiped shape.

By the sleeve, the advantage also arises that materials which tend to adhere to the tools of the ultrasonic welding machine can be welded.

Coated conductors, such as copper-plated aluminum conductors consisting of aluminum cores, aluminum cores surrounded by a copper layer, tin-plated conductors, or conductors of ferrous products, such as high grade steel, without conventional processing steps There is the possibility of intimately linking choices which are not known in the art. In addition, the solid conductors and the strings can be welded together without a problem.

According to the invention, the connection can be made in a conventional compression chamber of an ultrasonic welding device as disclosed from EP-B-0 723 713, which can be adapted for example to sleeves of varying cross-sectional area in height and width. Welding by a resistance melting apparatus is also possible.

Various conductors (virtually material matrices) can also be processed with solid wires without allowing defects.

For example, the conductors are inserted into a sleeve having the geometry of a hollow cylinder, whereby as an sleeve, one end is closed to make an end node, or the insertion of the conductors is formed to form an end node or a connecting passage node. It may be used that both ends are open for this purpose. The sleeve must not be closed. For example, a body with a U-shaped geometry can also be predicted, the cross sections consisting of bendable thin plates projecting from the lateral edges of the body, one being placed on top of the other during welding. .

In particular, the invention provides a method in which the sleeve is deformed such that the interfaces of the parts joining the compression chamber are partially folded inwardly through compression, the interface being perpendicular to the cross sections of the sonotrode and the corresponding electrode. Proceed. From this comes a particularly large stability and fixed connection to the conductors imparted by the sleeve.

In order to ensure that the conductors imparted by the sleeve are not broken, and therefore tolerate high levels of mechanical and mechanical loads, further embodiments provide a trumpet form in which the open end of the sleeve should not be closed against all surroundings prior to welding. And a method that can remain outside the compression chamber during manufacture of the end node or connecting passage node.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is proposed that the open end of the sleeve has a peripheral reinforcing edge, such as a bead, which remains outside the compression chamber during welding.

The trumpet shaped extension or beaded edge configuration on the open ends of the sleeve has the further advantage that the conductors do not break on the sharp edges. At the same time, the conductors to be welded are more easily mounted.

All these measures ensure that the conductors pulled from the sleeve can withstand high levels of mechanical load.

The sleeve is made of a material which can be deformed during welding, in particular by means of ultrasonic waves, and which can be welded to the conductors.

Such sleeves having a wall thickness in the range of 0.05 mm to 0.5 mm, preferably 0.15 mm to 0.4 mm are used first. Copper sleeves or copper silver coated sleeves are named as preferred materials.

In order to achieve a reproducible welding result, or to simplify the monitoring of simplification and welding, a further embodiment of the invention which is emphasized allows the sleeve to be positioned in a compression chamber at a preset length. This can be done by providing a catch that interacts with a protrusion from the sleeve or element having the same action. In particular, the present invention deals with trumpet shaped extensions or beaded edges that limit inward shifting into the compression chamber when interacting with suitably arranged catches. If a trumpet shaped extension or beaded edge is used, the catch can be configured as a cover, for example, which is disposed in front of the compression chamber in the sliding direction of the sleeve.

In addition, the end node can in particular be surrounded by an insulating cap having a circumferential protrusion, the protrusion locking between the free end of the sleeve and the insulator of the electrical conductor at a distance to the protrusion. There is also the possibility that the insulating cap will have a circumferential grooved groove, and when the insulating cap is slid the trumpet-shaped or beaded edge of the sleeve engages in a locking shape into the grooved groove.

The connecting passage node or end node consists of electrical conductors which are sealed and welded to each other, whereby the connecting passage node or end node has the form of a polygonal column like a parallelepiped. The electrical conductors are characterized by having an external geometry shaped like a polygonal column or a parallelepiped and surrounded by a sleeve which is the outer layer of the connecting passage node or end node.

In the geometry of one end, the sleeve as a connecting passage node or part of the end node has a particularly hollow parallelepiped geometry, whereby the opposite side walls are each folded inward in cross-sectional form. By this means, a high level of mechanical strength is achieved.

The ends of the sleeves are made special preparations which extend like trumpets or whose open ends are reinforced like beads.

The end node may be surrounded by an insulating cap having a peripheral protrusion extending from its inner surface, the peripheral protrusion coupling to the end node in an intermediate space between the ends of the sleeve on the conductor side and the insulators of the conductor running a certain distance. do.

Further details, advantages, and features of the invention may be obtained from the following description of the preferred embodiments, taken from the claims as well as from the drawings, from which features are inherently or combined.

1 shows an ultrasonic welding device.

2 shows in principle a compression chamber which is adjustable in height and width.

3 to 5 show a first embodiment of a connecting passage node for manufacture.

6 to 8 show, in principle, end nodes for manufacture;

9 shows an end node surrounded by an insulating cap.

10 shows in principle further an end node;

FIG. 11 shows an end node in the shape of a triangular column. FIG.

12 shows an end node in the form of a geometry of a hexagonal column.

High levels of mechanical and mechanical by connecting flawlessly connecting electrical conductors with different materials or material properties, in particular strings, which may consist of fine or very fine wires, into end nodes or connecting passage nodes using ultrasonic welding. According to the invention, the conductors are first inserted into the sleeve and then consolidated in the compression chamber of the ultrasonic welding device so that the load capacity is not only provided at the same time, but also the good electrical contact and the geometry of the parallelepiped shaped end is achievable. It is proposed to weld with the conductors.

In principle, the design of a suitable ultrasonic welding device is shown in FIG. 1. Ultrasonic welding apparatus or machine 110 in conventional form includes a converter 112, if necessary booster 114, as well as sonot rod 116. The slider 120 as well as the corresponding electrode 118 (also referred to as an anvil) of the multi-parts are assigned to the sonot rod 116 or its surface. By the region of the corresponding electrode 118 disposed opposite the sonorod 116, the force required through the relative movement of the region is generated in the welded portion. After compression is complete, sonot rod 116 is made to oscillate and perform the welding process.

During compression, not only the area of the corresponding electrode 118 facing the sonorod rod 116, but also the slider 120 also moves in the direction of the opposite limiter, and therefore of the area of the corresponding electrode 116 running vertically in the embodiment. Is shifted in the direction.

The sonot rod 116 or its surface in the present embodiment, the corresponding electrode 118 with the vertical area, and the slider 120 have the limits of the compression chamber of the rectangular cross section described in more detail with reference to FIG. Configure.

Naturally, the compression chamber can also have a different cross section of polygon, in particular triangle or hexagon, to produce end nodes or connecting passage nodes, the end node or connecting passage node being triangular as clearly shown by FIG. It has the geometry of a polygonal column like a column or hexagonal column.

Ultrasonic welding apparatus as disclosed in WO-A-2005 / 021203, in which specific reference to the disclosure is made, may be used to make a compression chamber of triangular cross section available and to compress and weld the conductors enclosed by the sleeve.

Converter 112 is connected to generator 124 via line 122, the portion of which passes through computer 126 via line 126, where the welding process is controlled from the computer. To this end, the welding parameters and wall thickness of the sleeve as well as the cross sectional area of the conductors to be welded are entered or appropriately stored values are retrieved.

2 shows, in principle, the compression chamber 16 of the ultrasonic welding device 110 of FIG. 1. The compression chamber 16 exhibits a rectangular cross-sectional geometry, the front side of which is open to pass the conductors to be welded.

The compression chamber 16 has a first interface 20 formed by the area of the sonotrode 116. The opposite surface 20 reaches a second interface 24, which is formed by a crosshead 34 that functions as a counter electrode or anvil 118, with the anvil being a vertically adjustable carrier 32. Resulting from the additional interface 22 running perpendicular to the interfaces 20, 24. A slide 30 is disposed facing the boundary surface 22, and the slider is a fourth boundary surface 26 running parallel to the first and second radial interfaces 20 and 24 running parallel to the boundary surface 22. To form.

When the sleeve with the conductors is inserted into the compression chamber 16, the crosshead 34 is retracted as shown in FIG. 2 so that the compression chamber 16 is accessible from above. Naturally, it is also possible to insert the sleeve into the compression chamber from the open front side of the compression chamber 16. In particular, it is preferred that the sleeve is positioned in the compression chamber 16 to the desired preset length.

The moving direction of the crosshead 34, the carrier 32, the corresponding electrode 118 and the slider 40 are indicated by arrows S1, S2 and S3. The result of this is that the compression chamber 16 is adjusted in height and width, making the sleeve and conductors inserted into the compression chamber 16 suitable for welding.

3 to 5 show how connecting passageway node 49 is made by tying together conductors 50, 52, and 54 made of individual strings. To this end, the conductors 50, 52, 54 surrounded by the insulator are insulated at the ends, so that the strings 56, 58, 60 of the conductors 50, 52, 54 are exposed.

Naturally, the invention is not discarded if at least one of the conductors has an insulator in the area to which it is welded. The insulator is suppressed by ultrasonic vibrations due to the load during welding, so that the conductors are insulated, and therefore not only welded together, but also with the sleeve around the conductors.

The conductors 50, 52, 54, ie the strings 56, 58, 60 may be made of different materials. Therefore, the straps 56, 58, 60 can be made of ferrous products, such as aluminum, copper plated aluminum or galvanized aluminum materials, or precious metals, without incurring the limitations of the particular teachings of the present invention. The strings 56, 58, 60 may also be fine or very fine wires.

Preferably, the insulated strings 56, 58, 60 in this embodiment have a hollow cylindrical geometry via their open front ends 64, 66 as is apparent from the comparison of FIGS. 3 and 4. Is inserted into the sleeve 62. The sleeve 62 with the straps 56, 58, 60 insulated therein insulated from the compression chamber 16 to position the anvil 118 and the slider 30 in such a way that the sleeve 62 is pulled into contact. ) Is inserted into the. Then, the sleeve 62 and the strings 56, 58, 60 are consolidated and welded by the ultrasonic excitation of the sonot rod 116. When this occurs, the sleeve 62 is changed to a shape that results in an outer geometry of the parallelepiped shape, as can be seen from FIG. The sleeve 62 with the strings 56, 58, 60 forms a connecting passage node 49.

In an embodiment, the sleeve 62 has a front edge 68, 70 of a beaded or trumpet shaped configuration that runs out of the compression chamber 16 during consolidation and welding. Nevertheless, during consolidation and welding, the front edges 68, 70 take a geometric progression that represents the outer geometry of the sleeve 62 after consolidation and welding.

6 to 8 show in principle conductors or cables 72, 74, 76, 78 made of different widths and / or different materials are inserted into the sleeve and then compressed in the compression chamber 16 in the manner and method described above. And manufacture of the end node 71, which is welded. The sleeve 80 also has a hollow cylindrical geometry, whereby the edges running facing the conductors extend in trumpet form or bead form. During compression and welding, the edge 82 runs out of the compression chamber 16.

By comparing FIGS. 6 to 8, the sleeve 80 takes the internal geometry of the compression chamber 16 during compression and welding, followed by the geometry of the final parallelepiped shape. During compression of the sleeve 80, therefore, when reshaped from the hollow geometry to the geometry of the hollow parallelepiped, in this embodiment the area of the sleeve 80 extending vertically along the boundaries 22, 26. 84, 86 are compressed so that they are folded inward as shown in FIG. Therefore, the sidewalls 84, 86 of the re-shaped sleeve 80 reshaped with a parallelepiped have direct inward folds 88, 90, which are conductors 72, 74, running into the sleeve 80. Resulting in further compression of the straps 90, 92 of the 76, 78, thus ensuring the required mechanical and conductive contact between the straps 90, 92, ie the conductors 72, 74, 76, 78. do. The configuration of the folds 88, 90 depends on the degree of consolidation and the relationship of the inner diameter of the sleeve 80 to the overall cross sectional area of the conductors 72, 74, 76, 78 inserted into the sleeve 80.

Apart from this, the internal cross-sectional area of the sleeve 80 and the overall cross-sectional area of the conductors 72, 74, 76, 78 can each be adjusted relative to each other, so that the strings 72, 74, 76, 78 have a weld joint and mechanical strength. It can be inserted or mounted into the sleeve 80 without adversely affecting it; During consolidation and welding, the inner cross section of the sleeve 80 conforms to the overall cross section of the strings 72, 74, 76, 78, whereby the compaction causes the sidewalls 84, 86 of the sleeve 80 to at least areas. To be folded inward.

In addition, FIG. 8 shows that after consolidation and welding of the conductors 72, 74, 76, 78, the edge 82 of the sleeve 80 represents a progression corresponding to the progress of the sleeve 80 to the final geometry. Illustrated.

Sleeves made on the inside and / or outside, in particular made of nickel or copper, or comprising copper, or coated with other suitable materials, are used as commercially available and cost effective sleeves. The walls of the sleeves 62, 80 may be between 0.05 and 0.5 mm thick, in particular between 0.15 and 0.4 mm thick, to ensure reshaping to the required range during compaction and welding in the compression chamber 16, so that the sidewalls 84, 86) can be folded inward as needed at the same time.

3 to 8 show that the insulators of the conductors 50, 52, 54, 72, 74, 76, 78 terminate at some distance from the individual front ends of the sleeves 62, 80, as shown in FIG. 9. As can be seen, a substantially enclosing groove is made. Therefore, the sleeve 96 is shown with an extended edge 98 at a distance from the insulators 100, 102, 104 of the conductors, not shown in more detail, and the straps 106, 108, 110 of the conductors. They are welded together with the sleeve 96 into the end node. Therefore, in the present embodiment, in the annular groove 112 formed, the annular inner projection 114 around the insulation cap 118 is engaged, and the insulation cap surrounds the sleeve 96 and the insulators 100, 102, 104. ) Into the area of This results in mechanical locking of the insulating cap 118.

In the previously described embodiment, in particular, if a closed sleeve around the outer geometry of a parallelepiped shape has been used to insert electrical conductors therein and weld the conductors together, thereby limiting certain teachings of the invention. It doesn't work. Rather, there is the possibility of using a sleeve that opens on the circumferential side, where the circumferential side is closed during consolidation and welding and the strings inserted therein are welded. This is clarified using FIG. 10. Thus, the body is used as the sleeve 200 having a U-shape in its original state, and the laminar regions 202 and 204, which are bent from its longitudinal edge, protrude, providing a free front face. In fact, it comes with an open box. Then, insulating ends 206 and 208 of electrical conductors, which may be made of different materials and / or different cross sections, are inserted into the sleeve 200. After insertion of the insulating ends 206, 208 into the insulating space 212 surrounded by the sleeve 200, the string-sleeve unit is inserted into the compression chamber of the ultrasonic or resistance welding device to consolidate and weld. The end node 215 is purely as shown on the right side of FIG. 10. At the same time, it can be recognized that the regions 202 and 204 possess a constant width so that they are welded overlapping each other, at least after the consolidation and welding process.

In the embodiment of Fig. 10, although the node with the rectangular cross section is shown, the present invention is not limited by this. Rather, there is a possibility to produce connecting passage nodes or end nodes having a shape that deviates from the geometry of the parallelepiped. This is illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12. Therefore, end node 214 is shown having a triangular pillar geometry. As a result, welding can be carried out in an apparatus as disclosed in WO-A-2005 / 021203. It will be appreciated that the walls 216, 218 of the sleeve connecting the regions of the corresponding electrode have direct inward folds or folds caused by consolidation.

12 shows a node 224 having the geometry of a hexagonal column.

Claims (21)

Electrical conductors 50, 52, 54, 72, 74, 76 adjustable in height and / or width and through consolidation and continuous welding of the conductors in compression chamber 16 of ultrasonic welder 110 or resistance welder. , 78, 200, 102, 104, 206, 208, 219 having a geometric shape of rectangular cross-section, whereby the facing surfaces of the compression chamber are arranged with the same electrode as the sonorod rod 116 or the opposite electrode 118. In the method of manufacturing the connecting passage node or end node (49, 71, 214, 215, 224) which are the areas of The conductors 50, 52, 54, 72, 74, 76, 78, 200, 102, 104, 206, 208, 219 are inserted into the sleeves 62, 80, 96, 200, the sleeves being the compression chamber And welded to said end node or connecting passage node (49, 71, 214, 215, 224) having a parallelepiped cross-sectional shape together with said conductors. The method of claim 1, wherein the conductors (50, 52, 54, 72, 74, 76, 78, 200, 102, 104, 206, 208, 219) has a rectangular cross-section of the sleeve (62, 80, 96, 200) A method of manufacturing a connecting passage node or end node, characterized in that it is welded into an end node or connecting passage node (49, 71) of the. 3. The conductor (50) of claim 1 or 2, wherein the conductors (50, 52, 54, 72, 74, 76, 78, 200, 102, 104, 206, 208, 219) have a polygonal column or hollow cylindrical geometry. Branch is inserted into a sleeve (62, 80, 96, 200). 4. The conductor or string (50, 52, 54, 72, 74, 76, 78, 200, 102, 104) of any of claims 1 to 3, made of different materials and / or having different cross sections. , 206, 208, 219 are welded. 5. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the use as the sleeve (62, 80, 96, 200) is closed at one end. 6. The sleeve (62) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the sleeve (62) with the straps (50, 52, 54, 72, 74, 76, 78, 200, 102, 104, 206, 208, 219). , 80, 96, 200 are consolidated and welded by disposing regions of electrode 116 and corresponding electrode 118, whereby an additional boundary surface of the compression chamber running perpendicular to the regions ( 22, 26), wherein the connecting regions of the sleeve are folded inward during consolidation or welding. 7. The sleeve 62, 80, 96 or 200 of claim 1, wherein the sleeve 62, 80, 96, 200 has an open end in a trumpet shape, during the manufacture of the end node or connecting passage nodes 49, 71. Method for producing a connecting passage node or end node, characterized in that it proceeds out of the compression chamber (16). 8. Connection passage node or end according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sleeves (62, 80, 96, 200) are positioned in the compression chamber (16) with the required preset length. Node manufacturing method. 9. The open end of the sleeve (62, 80, 96, 200) has peripheral reinforcing edges (68, 70) outside the compression chamber (16) during welding. A method for manufacturing a connecting passage node or end node, characterized in that. 10. The connecting passage node according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the used as the sleeves 62, 80, 96, 200 consists of copper or aluminum or comprises copper or aluminum. End node manufacturing method. The nickel according to any one of claims 1 to 10, used as the sleeves (62, 80, 96, 200) is nickel plated outside and / or inside by silver plating, gold plating or nickel plating copper. Or a connection passage node or end node manufacturing method comprising a metal such as copper. 12. The wall thickness according to claim 1, wherein the sleeve 62, 80, 96, 200 is used as 0.05 mm ≤ D ≤ 0.5 mm, in particular 0.15 mm ≤ D ≤ 0.4 mm. D) a method for producing a connecting passage node or end node. The use according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the conductors 50, 52, 54, 72, 74, 76, 78, 200, 102, 104, 206, 208, 219 are used as copper or aluminum. A method for producing a connection passage node or end node, characterized in that it consists of coated copper or aluminum or copper coated aluminum, or tin-plated aluminum, or the material is coated, or a ferrous product such as a high grade steel. Polygonal column geometry, such as a parallelepiped form, consisting of electrical conductors 50, 52, 54, 72, 74, 76, 78, 200, 102, 104, 206, 208, 219 that are pressed and welded together In the connecting passage node or end nodes 49 and 71 having The electrical conductors 50, 52, 54, 72, 74, 76, 78, 100, 102, 104 have an outer geometry of a polygonal column and an outer layer of the connecting passage node or end node 49, 71. A connecting passage node or end node surrounded by an in sleeve 62, 80, 96. 15. A connecting passage node or end node according to claim 14, wherein said outer geometry shaped as a polygonal column is a parallelepiped. 16. The hexahedron according to claim 14 or 15, wherein the sleeves 62, 80, 96, as part of a connecting passage node or end node, preferably closed uncompressed around it A connecting passage node or end node, characterized in that it has a geometric shape of a polygonal column such that the opposing sidewalls (84, 86) have inwardly folded regions. 17. A connecting passage node or end node according to any one of claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the sleeve (62, 80, 96) extends in a trumpet shape. 18. A connecting passage node or end node according to any of claims 14 to 17, wherein the open end of the sleeve (62, 80, 96) is reinforced in the form of beads. 19. The end node according to any one of claims 14 to 18, wherein the end node is surrounded by an insulating cap 118 having a peripheral protrusion 114 extending from the inner surface, which protrusion runs on the conductor side. And lock in an intermediate space (110) between the end (98) of the sleeve and the conductor (100, 102, 104) running at a distance with respect to the protrusion. 20. The sleeve according to any one of claims 14 to 19, wherein the sleeves 62, 80, 96 are made of metal such as nickel or copper plated outside and / or inside by silver plating, gold plating or nickel plating copper. Or a connecting passage node or end node. 21. The sleeve according to claim 14, wherein the sleeves 62, 80, 96 have a wall thickness D of 0.05 mm ≦ D ≦ 0.5 mm, in particular 0.15 mm ≦ D ≦ 0.4 mm. Characterized in that the connecting passage node or end node.

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