KR20090012002A - Pneumatic hybrid engine having a single cam - Google Patents

Abstract

A pneumatic hybrid engine is provided to open and close the intake and exhaust valves successively by rotating a cam having opposite knobs about a single cam shaft. A pneumatic hybrid engine comprises an air supply part(T) supplying compressed air, one or more cylinders(1) in which a piston(2) is mounted, a cylinder head(3) in which a pressure chamber and intake and exhaust ports(4,5) are formed, intake and exhaust valves(6,7) which inject and exhaust the compressed air supplied from the pressure chamber by opening and closing the intake and exhaust ports, and a cam mechanism(8) including a cam(12) having opposite knobs and opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves successively during a single rotation.

Description

PNEUMATIC HYBRID ENGINE HAVING A SINGLE CAM}

The present invention relates to a pneumatic engine, and more particularly, to a pneumatic engine that can open and close the intake and exhaust valves by a double-sided cam provided on a single camshaft.

In general, engines are power generating devices, and these engines have been developed in various types according to the development of industrialization, and are mainly installed in automobiles, ships, and the like.

In the early days of the industrial revolution, steam engines using steam were mainly used, but steam locomotives or steam steamers using steam engines had many problems such as pollution emissions and low energy efficiency by using coal as the fuel.

Subsequently, an internal combustion engine was developed, which replaced the steam engine to obtain power by burning gasoline, diesel, etc. to solve some pollution problems, and improved fuel combustion efficiency, resulting in higher energy efficiency than steam engines. Until recently, automobiles equipped with such internal combustion engines have been mainly produced.

However, as environmental regulations have been strengthened more recently than in the past, the necessity of a power generation device that causes less pollution to replace these internal combustion engines has emerged. Accordingly, the development of pneumatic engines using air as an energy source has been actively conducted.

Such a pneumatic engine is typically provided with a piston capable of vertically reciprocating inside the cylinder, the cylinder head is provided with an intake port and an exhaust port.

In addition, the intake and exhaust ports are mounted on the intake and exhaust ports, respectively, to open and close the intake and exhaust ports.

In addition, the intake valve and the exhaust valve are operated by the cam mechanism. Therefore, by operating the cam mechanism to selectively operate the intake and exhaust valves to open and close the intake and exhaust ports respectively.

In the pneumatic engine having such a structure, the air stored in the air tank is injected into the inner space of the cylinder head through the intake port at a constant pressure by the compressor, and the piston moves downward by this pressing force, and the piston is operated by the crankshaft operation. As it rises again, the compressed air supplied to the inner space of the cylinder head is discharged to the outside through the exhaust port. Through this process, the pneumatic engine is operated.

However, such a pneumatic engine is provided with a plurality of camshafts and cams for operating intake and exhaust valves, resulting in a more complicated structure of the engine and a decrease in efficiency.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is derived to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic engine that can efficiently open and close the intake and exhaust valves having a double-sided cam on a single camshaft. It is.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a pneumatic engine capable of diversifying the connection between the double-sided cam and the intake and exhaust valves.

In order to achieve the above object, a preferred embodiment of the present invention comprises an air supply for supplying compressed air; At least one cylinder in which compressed air is supplied from the air supply and a piston is mounted therein; Cylinder heads each mounted on an upper portion of the at least one cylinder to form a pressure chamber, and an intake and exhaust port is formed; An intake valve and an exhaust valve mounted to the cylinder head to inject and discharge compressed air into and out of the pressurizing chamber by opening and closing the intake and exhaust ports; And a cam mechanism provided on the head and provided on a single camshaft so as to correspond to the intake and exhaust valves, respectively, and having a knob facing each other, and a cam mechanism for sequentially opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves in one rotation. Provide the engine.

As described above, the pneumatic engine according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention has an advantage that the double-sided cam is provided on the single camshaft to efficiently open and close the intake and exhaust valves.

In addition, by forming two knobs on the double-sided cam can perform the intake and exhaust stroke twice in one rotation has the advantage that the efficiency can be improved.

In addition, the double-sided cam is disposed on the intake / exhaust valve, and the push rod is disposed on the double-sided cam, so that the connection relationship between the double-sided cam and the valve can be diversified.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail the structure of a pneumatic engine according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

1 is a view showing the structure of a pneumatic engine having a double-sided cam is disposed on top of the head according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a plan view of Figure 1, Figure 3 is a double-sided cam mechanism shown in FIG. It is a front view showing.

As shown, the pneumatic engine proposed by the present invention is an air supply (T) for supplying compressed air, and air is supplied from the air supply (T), the cylinder (1) in which the piston (2) is mounted therein ), A cylinder head 3 mounted on an upper portion of the cylinder 1 to form a pressurized chamber, and an intake valve 6 mounted to the cylinder head 3 to inject / discharge compressed air to / from the pressurized chamber, respectively. ) And an exhaust valve 7 and a double-sided cam 12 provided on the top of the head 3 and having knobs 12a and 12b facing each other, so that the intake / exhaust valves 6 and 7 at one rotation. It includes a cam mechanism (8) for sequentially opening and closing the.

In the pneumatic engine having such a structure, the air supply part T includes an air tank for storing and supplying air at a constant pressure.

The air tank stores the air at a predetermined pressure therein, and preferably maintains the internal pressure of 300 to 350 bar.

Air stored in the air tank is supplied to the cylinder (1) through a regulator or accumulator (A). At this time, the air supplied to the cylinder 1 is adjusted to be supplied by the appropriate amount by the controller (not shown).

The cylinder 1 is provided with an intake port 4 and an exhaust port 5 in the head 3. The intake port 4 and the exhaust port 5 are equipped with an intake valve 6 and an exhaust valve 7, respectively.

When the intake valve 6 opens the intake port 4, compressed air flows into the cylinder 1 to push the piston 2 downward to obtain rotational force, and when the piston 2 rises, One stroke is completed by pushing the internal air of the cylinder 1 to the outside through the exhaust port 5.

In addition, the intake and exhaust valves 6 and 7 are sequentially operated by a single cam mechanism 8.

The cam mechanism 8 will be described in more detail. The cam mechanism 8 includes a disc 10 provided on a cam shaft disposed on an upper portion of the cylinder head 3, and a double surface protruding from one side of the disc 10. The cam 12, first and second contact members 20 and 18 disposed on both sides of the double-sided cam 12, and sequentially contacting the double-sided cam 12, and the first and second contact members ( 20 and 18, the intake and exhaust rocker arms 22 and 24 disposed on the same axis and sequentially operate the intake and exhaust valves 6 and 7.

The disc 10 is connected to the belt (V) connected to the crankshaft on the outer peripheral surface. The disc 10 is rotatably mounted on the support shaft 14 supported by the bracket 16 on the cylinder head 3.

Therefore, when the belt V rotates the disc 10 by the rotation of the crankshaft, the disc 10 rotates about the support shaft 14.

The double-sided cam 12 protrudes on one side of the disc 10 and has an elliptical shape by forming first and second knobs 12a and 12b facing each other.

The first and second knobs 12a and 12b function to drive the intake and exhaust valves 6 and 7 by sequentially contacting the first and second contact members 20 and 18 when the double-sided cam 12 rotates. Do this.

That is, the first knob 12a is in contact with the first contact member 20, and the second knob 12b is in contact with the second contact member 18.

At this time, in the first contact member 20, one side (20a) is protruded to contact the first knob 12a, the middle portion of the first rotating shaft (rotationally supported on the cylinder head 3 ( 28) is supported. The exhaust rocker arm 24 is integrally mounted to the other end of the first rotation shaft 28.

Therefore, when the first contact member 20 is rotated counterclockwise by the first knob 12a, the exhaust rocker arm 24 is also rotated counterclockwise as well to lower the exhaust valve 6 downward. Pressurized.

At this time, since the exhaust valve 6 is lifted upward by the exhaust spring 32, the exhaust port 5 is opened by pressing the exhaust valve 6 downward as described above.

The first contact member 20 is not disposed on the horizontal line with respect to the second contact member 18, but the second contact member 18 is fixed downward with respect to the first contact member 20. It is arranged to maintain an angle, preferably about 30-70 degrees.

Accordingly, when the first knob 12a or the second knob 12b rotates, the upper surfaces 20b and 18b formed on one side 20a and 18a of the first and second contact members 20 and 18 are in contact with each other. As a result, the first and second contact members 20 and 18 can be rotated downward.

The second contact member 18 also has the same shape as the first contact member 20. That is, one side 18a of the second contact member 18 has a shape protruding in the direction of the double-sided cam 12, and the middle portion is formed on the second rotation shaft 26 rotatably supported on the cylinder head 3. Is supported. The intake rocker arm 22 is integrally mounted to the other end of the second rotation shaft 26.

Therefore, when the second contact member 18 is rotated in the clockwise direction by the second knob 12b, the intake rocker arm 22 also rotates in the clockwise direction to pressurize the intake valve 6.

At this time, since the intake valve 6 is lifted upward by the intake spring 30, the intake port 4 is opened by pressing the intake valve 6 downward as described above.

As described above, when the double-sided cam 12 rotates once, the intake / exhaust valves 6 and 7 are opened and closed twice by the first and second knobs 12a and 12b, thereby improving efficiency.

The process of operating the first and second contact members 20 and 18 by the first and second knobs 12a and 12b of the double-sided cam 12 will now be described in detail.

When the double-sided cam 12 rotates in the clockwise direction, the first knob 12a is also rotated in the clockwise direction to sequentially contact the upper surface 20b formed on one side 20a of the first contact member 20.

As the first knob 12a contacts the first contact member 20, one side 20b of the first contact member 20 rotates downward, that is, counterclockwise. At this time, since the exhaust rocker arm 22 is disposed on the same axis 28 as the first contact member 20, the exhaust rocker arm 22 also rotates counterclockwise.

Accordingly, the exhaust valve 7 is pressed downward by the rotation of the exhaust rocker arm 22 to open the exhaust port 5.

When the first knob 12a approaches the second contact member 18 by the additional rotation of the double-sided cam 12, the first knob 12a is located at one side 18a of the second contact member 18. It gradually comes into contact with the formed upper surface 18b.

As the first knob 12a contacts the second contact member 18, the second contact member 18 rotates downward, that is, clockwise. At this time, since the intake rocker arm 24 is disposed on the same axis 26 as the second contact member 18, the intake rocker arm 24 also rotates in a clockwise direction.

Accordingly, the intake port 6 is opened by pressing the intake valve 6 downward by the rotation of the intake rocker arm 24.

As the double-sided cam 12 rotates as described above, the first and second knobs 12a and 12b sequentially press the first and second contact members 20 and 18 to operate the intake and exhaust rocker arms 22 and 24. The intake and exhaust valves 6 and 7 can be opened and closed.

And, by repeating this process, the pneumatic engine can be operated continuously.

Meanwhile, the present invention is not limited to the structure in which the cam mechanism is disposed above the head as described above, and according to another embodiment of the present invention, a structure in which the cam mechanism is disposed below the head is also possible.

 That is, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the cam mechanism of the present embodiment arranges a single camshaft 41 under the head 3, and the double-sided cam 18 provided on the camshaft 41 is provided. 20 are disposed to correspond to the intake and exhaust valves 6 and 7, respectively, and the intake and exhaust valves 6 and 7 and the double-sided cams 18 and 20 are pushed by the push rods 44 and 46 and the rocker arms 52 and 54, respectively. By connecting, there is a difference in transmitting the rotational force of the double-sided cam (18, 20) to the intake and exhaust valves (6, 7).

The pneumatic engine according to the present embodiment has an air supply T, at least one cylinder 1, a cylinder head 3, and an intake / exhaust valve 6 and 7 similarly to the pneumatic engine shown in FIGS. ), But the structure of the cam mechanism is formed differently. In the following description of the present embodiment, detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted when overlapping with the components of the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 to 3.

As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the cam mechanism according to the present embodiment has a single camshaft 41 disposed below the head 3, and first and second double sides provided on the camshaft 41. Cams 18 and 20, first and second push rod members 40 and 42 disposed on and in contact with the first and second double-sided cams 18 and 20, respectively, and first and second pushes. And first and second rocker arms 52 and 54 connected to the rod members 40 and 42 to operate the intake and exhaust valves 6 and 7, respectively.

In the cam mechanism having such a structure, the first and second double-sided cams 18 and 20 are formed in a pair to correspond to the first cylinder 38, and the cylinder preferably consists of four cylinders. Therefore, each set of double-sided cams 18 and 20 is disposed in each cylinder, and the cam mechanism will be described for one cylinder below.

The first double-sided cam 18 corresponds to the intake valve 6, and the second double-sided cam 20 corresponds to the exhaust valve 7. That is, the first double-sided cam 18 is connected to the intake valve 6 by the first push rod member 40, and the first push rod member 40 is installed to correspond to the intake valve 7. A first push rod 44 and a first tappet 48 provided at a lower end of the first push rod 44 to contact the first double-sided cam 18.

The second double-sided cam 20 is connected to the exhaust valve 7 by the second push rod member 46, and the second push rod member 46 is installed to correspond to the exhaust valve 7. A push rod 46 and a second tappet 50 provided at a lower end of the second push rod 46 to contact the second double-sided cam 20.

In this case, the lower surfaces of the first and second tappets 48 and 50 may be processed in a curved shape to smoothly contact the first and second double-sided cams 18 and 20 to reduce noise and vibration. . Of course, the lower surfaces of the first and second tappets 48 and 50 may be machined in a planar shape.

In addition, the first double-sided cam 18 and the second double-sided cam 20 are arranged to be offset from each other on the cam shaft 41 by a predetermined angle so that the intake and exhaust strokes can be progressed by opening and closing the intake and exhaust valves 6 and 7 sequentially.

The cam mechanism of this structure has the first and second knobs 18a and 18b when the gear 43 of the camshaft 41 connected by the crankshaft and the belt V rotates, thereby rotating the first double-sided cam 18. ) Sequentially contacts the first tappet 48. Then, the first push rod 44 to which the first tappet 48 is coupled is raised to operate the first rocker arm 52.

Thus, the intake valve 6 is opened by the operation of the first rocker arm 52. When the intake stroke is completed, the first rocker arm 52 returns to its original position by the operation of the spring S. FIG.

In this way, the intake stroke by the opening of the intake valve 6 proceeds, and the exhaust stroke is started by the rotation of the second double-sided cam 20. That is, as the second double-sided cam 20 rotates, the second push rod 46 is raised by pushing up the second tappet 50. Thus, the exhaust valve 7 is opened by the operation of the second rocker arm 54.

As such, the first and second double-sided cams 18 and 20 rotate sequentially to operate the first and second push rod members 40 and 42 to open and close the intake and exhaust valves 6 and 7.

And, by repeating this process, the pneumatic engine can be operated continuously.

1 is a view showing the structure of a pneumatic engine equipped with a double-sided cam according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a plan view of FIG.

3 is a front view showing the double-sided cam mechanism shown in FIG.

4 is a view showing the structure of a pneumatic engine provided with a double-sided cam in the lower portion of the head according to another embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a side view of FIG.

Claims (6)

An air supply unit for supplying compressed air; At least one cylinder in which compressed air is supplied from the air supply and a piston is mounted therein; Cylinder heads each mounted on an upper portion of the at least one cylinder to form a pressure chamber, and an intake and exhaust port is formed; An intake valve and an exhaust valve mounted to the cylinder head to inject and discharge compressed air into and out of the pressurizing chamber by opening and closing the intake and exhaust ports; And A pneumatic engine provided on the head and provided on a single camshaft and having a double-sided cam having knobs opposed to each other so as to correspond to the intake and exhaust valves, respectively; . The pneumatic engine according to claim 1, wherein the camshaft is arranged under the head to open and close the intake and exhaust valves by the cam mechanism. The cam device of claim 1, wherein the cam mechanism includes first and second push contacts disposed on and in contact with the cam shaft, first and second double-sided cams provided on the camshaft, and upper portions of the first and second double-sided cams, respectively. A pneumatic engine comprising a rod member and first and second rocker arms respectively connected to the first and second push rod members to operate the intake and exhaust valves, respectively. The pneumatic engine according to claim 3, wherein the double-sided cam has an elliptical shape comprising a first knob protruding to one side and a second knob protruding to the other side. 4. The first and second push rod members of claim 3, wherein the first and second push rod members are respectively disposed on the first and second double-sided cams to correspond to the intake and exhaust valves, and the first and second push rod members. 2, a pneumatic engine provided at the lower end of the push rod consisting of first and second tappets in contact with the first and second double-sided cam. The pneumatic engine of claim 5, wherein lower ends of the first and second tappets have a round shape or a flat shape.

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