KR20090007951U - Ballast water treatment unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a ballast water treatment apparatus, comprising: a device for sterilizing ballast water sucked into and discharged into a ballast tank provided in a ship; A processing unit mounted to an inner wall surface of the pipe through which the ballast water is sucked and discharged into the ballast tank; An anode electrode electrode and a cathode electrode electrode alternately arranged inside the processing unit; It provides a ballast water treatment device comprising a power supply source for applying power to the anode electrode and the cathode electrode.

The present invention is capable of high-efficiency treatment at low cost when treating ballast water, and is effective in killing pathogens and alien species contained in the ballast water, easy to replace and maintain facilities, and simple to install because of its simple structure. Modularization makes it easy to expand / reduce facilities and provides free design changes.

Vessel, ballast tank, ballast water, sterilization, disinfection, plasma

Description

Ballast Water Treatment Equipment {BALLAST WATER TREATMENT UNIT}

The present invention relates to a ballast water treatment apparatus, and more particularly, to a ballast water treatment apparatus that is simple, easy and inexpensive by using a plasma treatment technology and improved to be environmentally friendly without causing secondary environmental pollution.

In general, when the ship is not loading or the load is low, the draft surface is lowered and it is difficult to maintain the balance, which makes it impossible to operate safely and stabilizes the ship in a certain position even when loading and unloading cargo in the port. Causes problems that are difficult to maintain.

Thus, in order to reduce the variation in the center of gravity of the ship according to the loading and unloading of the cargo, as shown in Figure 1, the vessel 10 is provided with a plurality of ballast tanks 20 symmetrically to the left and right, The ballast tank 20 is filled with seawater or fresh water, and this water is referred to as "ballast water".

Such ballast water can be put on board before leaving the loading port, and discharged to the outside of the ship before entering the loading port or loading the drip, usually by supplying seawater or fresh water with a pump, etc. The ballast tank 20 is hermetically sealed in the storage.

However, when the ballast water is supplied, various microorganisms such as plankton and bacteria, which are inhabited in the absorption zone, and aquatic organisms such as microshells are mixed, and the ballast water is discharged to coasts and harbors near the loading port. This can cause disturbing ecosystems in the surrounding waters.

In particular, since the ballast water is kept closed and light-free for a long time, the dissolved oxygen content is extremely reduced, and plankton or aerobic bacteria that require light or dissolved oxygen are difficult to reproduce, and the plankton is in a dormant state. Sieves and anaerobes tend to propagate, and these encapsulations are very durable because their outer walls are very different from those of plankton's cell walls, and they are very durable and adversely affect the living organisms when these ballast waters are discharged. Go crazy.

In addition, the recent increase in the country's economic activity has led to a rapid increase in maritime traffic, which has led to an increase in the size of ships and a rapid increase in the number of flights.It is estimated that more than 10 billion tons of ballast water is used annually worldwide. As a result, it is reported that the destruction of marine environment and indigenous ecosystem by foreign marine species and pathogens included in ballast water and spreading to other ecosystems has reached a severe level.

Accordingly, the International Maritime Organization (IMO) discussed international agreements for ballast water management centering on the MEPC, and adopted the "International Convention on Ship Ballast Water and Sediment Management" to adopt eco-friendly ballast water. Emissions regulations have been tightened.

In order to cope with this, the ballast water treatment technology researched and reported so far is known as ultraviolet treatment, ozone treatment, chemical treatment and heat treatment.

However, this method of treating ballast water for killing marine organisms is not effective in treating various kinds of organic substances in most seawater, and secondary pollutants or toxic substances harmful to human body are discharged when the treated ballast water is discharged. This also causes serious marine pollution.

In addition, depending on the degree of water pollution in the sea area where ballast water is exchanged, chemical effects by chemicals (hydrogen peroxide, chlorine disinfectant, etc.) are lowered, and UV radiation and heat treatment equipment are driven by a considerable amount of power. The high cost of treating the incoming / outgoing ballast water exposes the problem of economic disadvantages.

Therefore, electrolysis of sodium chloride, which is a major component of seawater, by electrolysis, generates highly corrosive chlorine gas at the anode, sodium peroxide at the cathode, and finally sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen. When the sodium hypochlorite is irradiated with ultraviolet rays, it is restored to sodium chloride over time. In this process, the strong alkaline sodium hypochlorite (1.4 times more insecticide and sterilizing effect than hydrochloric acid) is used to sterilize the ballast water. The method is being studied.

However, in order to use the electrolysis method, an electrode plate must be provided. When the seawater temperature is 5 ° C. or lower because the material produced by electrolysis depends on the temperature of the sea water, NaO ₃ Cl becomes the main product, and 30 ° C. Beyond this, NaO ₄ Cl becomes the main product, and these products are insoluble, so they are charged on the surface of the electrode plate, which is a plating electrode, and thus obstruct the flow of conduction current over time, thereby reducing the ability to produce sodium hypochlorite. There is a drawback of sharply weakening the bactericidal effect.

In addition, since the generation amount of sodium hypochlorite is determined by the applied power, salt concentration, seawater temperature, foreign matters contained in the seawater, non-uniformity in processing efficiency caused by a constant amount of non-uniformity is also active. It is also a disadvantage that cannot be borrowed.

The present invention was created in view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and it was created to solve this problem, and it is easy to maintain and to exterminate alien species that adversely affect the pathogens and other marine environments contained in the ballast water at low cost. The main problem is to provide a ballast water treatment apparatus which is excellent in treatment efficiency and has uniformity and durability.

The present invention is a means for achieving the above object, in the apparatus for sterilizing the ballast water sucked into, and discharged into the ballast tank provided in the ship; A processing unit mounted to an inner wall surface of the pipe through which the ballast water is sucked and discharged into the ballast tank; An anode electrode electrode and a cathode electrode electrode alternately arranged inside the processing unit; It provides a ballast water treatment device comprising a power supply source for applying power to the anode electrode and the cathode electrode.

At this time, the distance between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode is characterized in that the 20mm or less exceeding 0mm.

In addition, the anode electrode and the cathode electrode is characterized in that also made of any one material of SUS, Al, titanium, tungsten, Inconel.

In addition, the outer surface of the anode electrode and the cathode electrode rod is characterized by being coated with any one of TiAlN, TiAl, NiTi, TiB ₂ , ZrB ₂ , Teflon, AlN, Al ₂ O ₃ , Y ₂ O ₃ .

In addition, the inner wall surface of the processing unit is characterized in that the fluorine is coated.

In addition, dimples are formed on the inner wall surface of the processing unit.

In addition, a portion of the processing unit is characterized in that the viewport is further formed closed with a transparent window.

In addition, the front end of the processing unit is characterized in that the plasma generating mesh discharge electrode disposed in the state in which the anode wire electrode and the cathode wire electrode are entangled.

The present invention is capable of high-efficiency treatment at low cost when treating ballast water, and is effective in killing pathogens and alien species contained in the ballast water, easy to replace and maintain facilities, and simple to install because of its simple structure. Modularization makes it easy to expand / reduce facilities and provides free design changes.

In addition, it is easy to install without changing the design of piping for absorbing and discharging the ballast installed in the existing vessel, and the treatment efficiency is very high since the compound sterilization method.

Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings will be described in detail a preferred embodiment according to the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic configuration showing an embodiment of the ballast water treatment apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a schematic configuration showing another embodiment of the ballast water treatment apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 4 It is a schematic block diagram showing another embodiment of the ballast water treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

As shown in Figure 2 (a), the ballast water treatment apparatus according to the present invention is installed on the supply pipe 100 is supplied with the ballast water to the ballast tank provided in the vessel.

For example, the ballast water treatment unit 200 is preferably installed on the inner wall surface of the supply pipe 100.

At this time, it is more preferable that the processing unit 200 is modularized and configured to freely adjust the processing capacity by connecting a plurality of them to each other.

In addition, the processing unit 200 may be formed in a cylindrical shape corresponding to the shape of the supply pipe 100, and may be deformed into a quadrangular shape as necessary.

In addition, a plurality of electrode rods are arranged in the processing unit 200 in a form such as in (b) and (c), for example, at regular intervals D.

In this case, it is preferable that the distance D between the electrodes be maintained at 20 mm or less (excluding 0 mm) in order to smoothly and uniformly generate a plasma.

The electrode rod is composed of an anode electrode rod 210 and a cathode electrode rod 220, and is preferably embedded in the processing unit 200 in an insulated state by an insulating material such as Teflon.

Of course, an electrode plate (not shown) may be installed in the processing unit 200 so as to face each other so as to supply power to the electrode, which is divided into an anode electrode plate and a cathode electrode plate. The anode electrode plate 210 may be connected to the anode electrode plate, and the cathode electrode rods 220 may be connected to the cathode electrode plate.

In addition, if the insulating material such as Teflon is properly used, it may be used as an electrode plate for power supply while using the processing unit 200 itself as an electrode installation housing without having to separately provide an electrode plate.

In addition, the electrode terminals connected to the electrode plates may be provided on one side or both sides of the processing unit 200, which may be changed depending on the installation conditions or the degree of ease of maintenance, the electrode terminal Connected to the power supply.

In addition, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the anode electrode 210 and the cathode electrode 220 is preferably arranged to be alternately arranged in a square shape, it is also arranged in a direction orthogonal to the flow direction of the ballast water desirable.

In addition, since the anode electrode 210 and the cathode electrode 220 are in contact with seawater at all times and have high corrosion resistance, the material of these electrodes is preferably formed of SUS, Al, titanium, tungsten, or inconel. .

Furthermore, in order to ensure the uniformity of plasma generated by these electrodes, the outer surface of the electrodes is coated with any one of TiAlN, TiAl, NiTi, TiB ₂ , ZrB ₂ , Teflon, AlN, Al ₂ O ₃ , and Y ₂ O ₃ . More preferably.

In addition, when the inner wall surface or the electrode plate of the processing unit 200 is provided to ensure the uniformity of the plasma, the inner surface of the electrode plate (the surface in contact with the ballast water) is preferably coated with fluorine.

This is important because the materials to be coated act as a dielectric during plasma formation to generate a uniform plasma across the electrode.

For example, when a metal made of metal is exposed in a plasma state, a streamer (lightning) is generated at an unspecified place such as lightning, so that a uniform treatment effect cannot be obtained. These materials are used as a dielectric under high voltage. This eliminates that phenomenon.

In addition, the power condition of the power supply source that is applied for the plasma generation through the processing unit 200 according to the present invention may vary the plasma applied voltage, current, frequency according to the incoming speed, pollution degree, turbidity, foreign matter amount of the treated water. However, in consideration of the sterilization treatment of ballast water used in ships, preferably, the voltage range is 30 KV or less, the current is 50 A or less, and the frequency is preferably in the range of 60 Hz to 3000 Khz.

In addition, if the inner wall surface or the electrode plate of the processing unit 200 is provided in order to maximize the processing efficiency, a plurality of dimples are formed on the inner surface (surface in contact with the ballast water) of the electrode plate to ride the wall surface. It is possible to increase the contact area of the flowing ballast water and to generate the vortex as much as possible.

In addition, a part of the processing unit 200 may be a view port (View Port) 230 is formed, the view port 230 is provided in the form of a transparent window so that the inside of the processing unit 200 can be easily identified visually. Thus, it is possible to provide the convenience of management by making it possible to grasp the replacement time of the abnormal electrode rod due to damage or burnout.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 3, the anode electrode 210 and the cathode electrode 220 is not arranged in an orderly arrangement without turbulence causing the turbulence by shaking the incoming ballast water as much as possible, thereby increasing the residence time of the ballast water It can be transformed into a form that further maximizes the plasma processing efficiency.

In addition, such modifications are merely exemplary, and in addition to such modifications, they may also be modified into other forms without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention, which also should be included in the scope of the present invention. will be.

In addition, the configuration of FIG. 2 described above may be equally applied to the configuration of the modification illustrated in FIG. 3.

On the other hand, as shown in Figure 4, the anode wire electrode 310 and the cathode wire electrode 320 surrounded by a ceramic tube or a urethane tube, etc. in the wire electrode entangled with each other to form a mesh, that is, a mesh discharge electrode in a mesh form ( 300 may be attached to the front end of the inlet side of the processing unit 200.

The mesh discharge electrode 300 not only pretreatment effect by the plasma generated between the anode wire electrode 310 and the cathode wire electrode 320, but also to filter or finely differentiate the suspended solids (pollutants) to further maximize the sterilization effect To work.

The working relationship of the present invention made of such a configuration is as follows.

As is well known, ballast water includes a variety of pathogens, including protozoa such as Oxyrrhis marina, Polykrikos kofodidii, Strombidinopsis sp, Acartia spp, or aquatic animals such as Pseudodiaptomus spp. , Algae spores, algae adults, benthic adults, and fish.

In the present invention, when the seawater containing the same, that is, ballast water to fill the ballast tank of the vessel or discharged from the ballast tank to the sea to generate a plasma by using the processing unit 200 installed on the pipe, this plasma Through the treatment, the above-mentioned types of pathogens, protozoa, strains, larvae, plankton, spores, and adults contained in the ballast water are killed to create a safer and pollution-free marine environment.

That is, when the ballast water is absorbed and discharged, the ballast water inevitably passes through the processing unit 200 according to the present invention, in which case the anode electrode 210 and the cathode electrode 220 built in the processing unit 200 are respectively. As the positive and negative power is applied and energized, a discharge phenomenon occurs.

At this time, since the ballast water is seawater, it can be a good electrolyte.

At this time, the plasma is generated by the potential difference between the anode electrode 210 and the cathode electrode 220, the generated plasma is a highly dissociated ion state, including strains, larvae, spores such as pathogens contained in the ballast water Sterilize your back.

In addition, since the ballast water acts as an electrolyte, electrolysis occurs, so that sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is generated by the electrolysis of sodium chloride in combination with the plasma, which is sterilized as is well shown in the related art described above. In this case, the disinfecting effect is effectively performed.

In addition, the radicals generated during the plasma and electrolysis process react with dissociated hydrogen ions to perform another sterilization, and the incident ozone and chlorine components completely kill the microorganisms contained in the ballast water. Complex disinfection and sterilization will occur.

For example, in the case of electrolysis, the following reaction occurs at each electrode.

_{^{(Positive): 2Cl - → Cl 2 +}} 2e -

_{(Negative): 2Na + 2H 2 O +} 2e - → 2NaOH + H 2 (↑)

(Electrode reaction): Cl ₂ + 2NaOH → NaOCl + NaCl + H ₂ O

At this time, the preferred plasma treatment criteria according to the present invention, when the minimum size of various fungi, such as marine life contained in the ballast water is 50㎛ or more, the living organisms per m 3 should satisfy less than 10 individuals, 10 ~ 50㎛ day In this case, less than 10 living organisms per ml should satisfy less than 1 cfu per 100 ml of toxic vibrio cholera, less than 250 cfu per 100 ml of E. coli, and less than 100 cfu per 100 ml of E. coli. It is preferable to make it.

As such, the present invention is capable of direct sterilization through plasma generation and multi-dimensional combined treatment with sodium hypochlorite, radicals, ozone, and chlorine, which are caused by electrolysis generated in this process. More efficient and complete sterilization can be achieved.

1 is a schematic plan view illustrating a ballast tank of a typical ship;

Figure 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing an embodiment of the ballast water treatment apparatus according to the present invention,

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the ballast water treatment apparatus according to the present invention,

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram showing another embodiment of the ballast water treatment apparatus according to the present invention.

♧ description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawing ♧

100 .... Supply piping 200 ... Processing unit

210 .... anode electrode 220 .... cathode electrode

230 ... viewport 300 ... mesh discharge electrode

310 .... Anode wire electrode 320 .... cathode wire electrode

Claims (8)

An apparatus for sterilizing ballast water sucked into and discharged into a ballast tank provided in a ship; A processing unit mounted to an inner wall surface of the pipe through which the ballast water is sucked and discharged into the ballast tank; An anode electrode electrode and a cathode electrode electrode alternately arranged inside the processing unit; Ballast water treatment apparatus comprising a power supply source for applying power to the anode electrode and the cathode electrode. The method according to claim 1; Ballast water treatment apparatus, characterized in that the gap between the anode electrode and the cathode electrode is 20mm or less exceeding 0mm. The method according to claim 1; The anode electrode and the cathode electrode is ballast water treatment apparatus, characterized in that made of any one material of SUS, Al, titanium, tungsten, Inconel. The method according to claim 3; Ballast water treatment apparatus characterized in that the outer surface of the anode electrode and the cathode electrode coated with any one of TiAlN, TiAl, NiTi, TiB ₂ , ZrB ₂ , Teflon, AlN, Al ₂ O ₃ , Y ₂ O ₃ . The method according to claim 1; Ballast water treatment apparatus, characterized in that the dimple is formed on the inner wall surface of the treatment unit. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5; Ballast water treatment apparatus characterized in that the inner wall surface of the treatment unit is coated with fluorine. The method according to claim 1; Ballast water treatment apparatus, characterized in that the portion of the treatment unit is further formed with a viewport sealed with a transparent window. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5; Ballast water treatment apparatus characterized in that the front side of the inlet side of the treatment unit is further provided with a plasma generating mesh electrode disposed in a state in which the anode wire electrode and the cathode wire electrode entangled.

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