KR20080098470A - Submarine boat - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a submarine having a hull and at least one water gate disposed between the interior of the hull and the outer perimeter of the hull. The sluice includes an inner closing body and an outer closing body. The outer closure body may move in a direction at least partially away from the hull to open the sluice. In addition, the outer closure body is shock resiliently supported outward in its closed position in a direction substantially perpendicular to the opening cross section of the water gate to be closed.

Description

Submarine {SUBMARINE BOAT}

The present invention relates to a submarine having the features described in the preamble of claim 1.

Submarines are known which are equipped with waste gates, through which the waste can be disposed of during diving navigation. In such waste gates, generally aligned in the direction of gravity, one hydrologic chamber is closed by an outer closure body and an inner closure body. To discharge the waste, the inner closure body is opened and the waste is sent to the hydrologic chamber. The hydrologic chamber is then closed again by the inner closure body before the outer closure body is opened and waste is discharged from the water gate into the sea around the submarine.

In the case of the known waste hydrology, an actuating device is provided which is used not only for opening and closing the outer closing body but also for supporting and fixing the closing body in the closed position. Especially in submarines for military use, high impact resistance strength for the entire part is needed to be able to withstand the strongest possible pressure waves without damage. In a known structure in which the actuator is configured to secure the closing body in the closed position, in order to be able to maintain the closing body in the closed position, in particular when an impact load is applied in the opening direction of the closing body, It must be formed relatively heavy. As such, the actuator must also be formed correspondingly and stably, and the formation of this type of actuator is made on the one hand by a correspondingly high fabrication material and on the other hand by designing correspondingly thicker dimensions. . But both measures will increase manufacturing costs and, in addition, increase the weight we are trying to reduce in modern submarines as much as possible.

Background of the Invention The object of the present invention, based on the above, is to retrofit the same kind of submarine so that, on the one hand, high impact resistance strength is ensured and, on the other hand, high material cost and heavy weight are avoided.

This problem is solved by the features described in claim 1 of the present invention. Preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth in the dependent claims, the following description and the figures.

The submarine according to the invention comprises at least one hydrology, in particular a hull with a waste hydrology between the inner hull and the outer perimeter of the hull. The sluice includes an inner closure body and an outer closure body disposed inside the hull. The outer closure body can move at least partially away from the hydrology to open the hydrology and close the outer end of the hydrology. According to the invention, the outer closure body is impact-elastically supported outward in its closed position, that is to say in the position of closing the hydrology, substantially outwardly in a direction perpendicular to the opening cross section of the hydrology to be closed. . Measures intended to withstand the impact in the remaining direction are made through the hull itself in a known manner.

The idea underlying the present invention is to realize the impact resistance strength of the closing body by a support which is substantially impact-elastic in the direction substantially perpendicular to the opening cross section of the water gate to be closed, that is to the outside. That is, the power generated in the direction by the impact load can be absorbed by the corresponding spring / damper device, in which case the closing body can absorb the energy by converting the energy through the spring / damper system on the path. In some cases, it can move outward from its closed position on at least the short side.

The impact resilient support of the body for external closure proposed in accordance with the present invention exhibits substantially rigid properties when power acts on the body for external closure during normal operation, while exceeding normal operating power by several times. When the impact power that acts on the body for the external closure, it can be understood as a support method that exhibits a characteristic of absorbing and attenuating the impact power in compliance with the direction of action of the impact power. If the support is elastically compliant, the outer closure body is separated from its position to close the water gate for a short time.

The outer closure body is preferably operatively associated with the actuating device in order to be able to ultimately operate it from the inside of the hull, ie move it to the position of closing or opening the water gate. In this case, between the outer closing body and the operating device in order to be able to compensate the operation of the impact elastically supported outer closing body relative to the operating device, which occurs when subjected to an impact load. It is necessary to elastically form a part of the actuator in the generated power flow.

However, it is particularly desirable to support the outer closure body elastically via the actuator itself. In such a configuration, the outer closing body can be supported on the actuator, in which case one section is impact-elastic at any place of the power flow from the outer closing body to the boat side fixture of the actuator. Was formed. In this case, it is preferable that only the boat side support of the actuator be formed elastically.

Particularly where the sluice is provided at one place of the hull, ie at the place where the hull even forms the outer shell of the submarine, the outer closure body which closes the sluice from the outside is preferably formed of two or more parts, in which case the closure The dragon body includes a first inner portion for closing the water gate by pressure sealing and a second portion for closing the outer wall of the hull. In this case, the second portion blocking the outer wall of the hull in the closed position is formed to have a substantially smooth and kerf-free outer shell formed in the area, but the inner closing body is substantially a pressure seal method of the water gate. Meets the closing challenge.

In a further preferred embodiment the second part of the outer closure body is connected to the hull, in which case the first part is provided with a second bearing, through which the outer closure body is supported by the actuator. do. Correspondingly, the outer closure body is pivotable, in which case the first part of the outer closure body can pivot to a position for closing the sluice and to a position for opening the sluice cross section. In all pivoting positions the outer closure body is via a bearing disposed on the second part of the outer closure body, preferably on the lower surface of the closure body, ie on the side towards the first part which closes the water gate. Engage with the actuator.

The actuator preferably has a linear drive stored on the side of the boat, with a handle bar connected to the extendable end of the linear drive. By means of the handle bar the actuator is operatively coupled to the outer closure body. In the actuator embodiment the outer closure body is preferably arranged pivotably. When the movable portion of the linear drive moves, the linear motion is converted to a pivoting motion of the external closing body by a handlebar, in which case the external closing body closes the water gate according to the direction of movement of the linear drive. Either turn to your position or to your position to open the cross-section of the sluice.

The linear drive device is preferably supported on the spring part. In this way, at least all the components of the actuator and preferably the outer closure body can also be protected against excessively large impact loads by the spring parts. As the spring component, a disk spring packet is preferably used in which a plurality of disk springs are arranged in a row in the form of a spring column to act in a row.

The choice of linear drive used is basically arbitrary. Thus, the linear drive may be formed by a cylinder operated electromechanically, hydraulically or pneumatically, but preferably the linear drive is formed by a spindle drive. In this case a threaded spindle can be proposed, in which the driven end of the threaded spindle can be arranged inside the hull, in which case the end is operatively coupled with the drive shaft of the electronic-, hydraulic- or pneumatic-motor. Can be operated manually or by a crank.

Spring components against the intrinsic weight of the outer closure body or to ensure the closure of the water gate using the outer closure body even when low pressure occurs in the second part of the outer closure body closing the hull. Is preferably subjected to compressive stress acting in the closing direction of the outer closure body. In this case the magnitude of the compressive stress is preferably chosen such that the stress applied to the outer closure body at least exceeds the intrinsic weight of the outer closure body.

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the embodiments shown in the drawings.

1 is a schematic view of a waste gate with an external closure body that can be operated by an actuator;

FIG. 2 is a detailed view of the end of the waste gate for waste disposed inside the hull and the end of the actuator according to FIG. 1;

3 is a schematic view showing the arrangement according to FIG. 1,

4 shows a schematic view of the arrangement according to FIG. 3 with the outer closure body in a position to open the cross-section of the sluice, FIG.

5 is a schematic view of a submarine with a waste sluice mounted therein;

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1: submarine 2: waste gate

4: hull 5: recess

6, 8: wall 9: sidewalls

10: body for internal closure 12, 12 ': body for external closure

14, 14 ': first part 16, 16': second part

17: bearing 18: actuator

20: linear drive 22: threaded spindle

24: nut 26: pin

28: groove 30: working rod

32, 32 ': Handlebar 34: Bearing

36: bearing bush 38: stand for fixing

40: spring part 42: disc spring

44: support part 46: cover

48: square profile 50-54: insert

56: attachment

A: Vertical axis B: Vertical axis

C: direction of movement

1 shows a waste gate 2 provided in a submarine 1 (FIG. 5), which passes through the hull 4 of the submarine 1. The waste sluice 2 forms a tubular channel, which is aligned substantially in the direction of gravity, ie vertically, when the submarine 1 runs horizontally. 5 shows that the waste sluice 2 is arranged in the drop keel area of the submarine 1. In the area of the submarine 1 the hull 4 also forms the shell of the submarine 1.

The waste sluice 2 communicates with the interior of the hull 4, and the hull has a box-shaped recess 5 in the region. In the concave portion 5 a portion of the wall 6 of the hull 4 is inserted in the hull inner direction with respect to the remaining wall 8 of the hull 4. The concave portion 5 is limited by the side wall 9 in the vertical direction.

The end of the waste gate 2 in the hull is closed in a pressure-sealed manner by an inner closure body 10. The outer end of the waste gate 2, which communicates with the inside of the recess 5 outside the wall 6 of the hull 4, is closed by an outer closure body 12.

The outer closure body 12 is formed in two parts, the first part 14 for closing the opening at the outer end of the waste gate 2 and the concave part 15 of the hull 4. And a second portion 16 forming a cladding cover for the purpose. The first part 14 and the second part 16 of the closing body 12 are tightly connected to each other. The second part 16 and together with the entire closing body 12 are pivotally supported in one bearing 17 fixed to the hull 4.

The first part 14 of the closing body 12 is substantially formed by a plate, the outer contour of which corresponds to the contour of the opening cross section of the waste gate 2. The outer contour of the second part 16 of the closing body 12 is substantially complementary to the contour of the concave part 5 of the hull 4 in the wall 8, thereby consequently the closing part The second part 16 of the body 12 is in line with the wall 8 of the hull 4 adjacent to the second part 16 in its closed position and the concave part 5 To the outside. In this way, the outer side of the second part 16 of the closing body 12 and the outer side of the surrounding wall 8 form the shell of the submarine without the incision.

The operation of the closing body 12, that is, the movement of the closing body 12 moving to the opening position or the closing position of the waste gate 2 is arranged outside the waste gate 2. Through the actuator 18.

As can be seen in particular from FIG. 2, the actuating device 18 comprises a linear drive 20, which is substantially near the outer wall of the waste gate 2. It extends parallel to the longitudinal axis (B) of). A spindle drive is used as the linear drive 20, which is formed by a threaded spindle 22 with a nut 24 screwed thereon. On the circumferential side of the nut 24, a pin 26 protruding in the radial direction is disposed. The pin 26 is inserted into a groove 28 formed on the outside of the waste gate 2. The pin 26 is inserted into the groove 28 so that the nut 24 is secured against rotation, ie when the threaded spindle 22 is rotated by a drive device not shown in the drawing. The nuts 24 do not rotate together but rather move linearly on the threaded spindle toward the wall 6 of the hull 4 or away from the wall according to the direction of rotation of the threaded spindle 22. Move.

A tubular actuating rod 30 is fixed to the front side of the nut 22 facing the wall 6 of the hull 4, the longitudinal axis A of the actuating rod being the longitudinal axis of the waste gate 2 for waste. It is aligned parallel with (B). The actuation rod 30 is always such that the end of the actuation rod 30 is always outside the wall 6 of the hull 4 irrespective of the linear movement position of the nut 24 on the threaded spindle 22. It was formed to a length of about.

The handle bar 32 is connected to the end of the actuating rod 30 outside the inner wall 6 of the hull 4 as well as the outer closure body 12 facing towards the waste sluice 2. It is also connected to a bearing 40 disposed on one side of the second portion 16 of the crankcase. Through the handle bar 32 and the actuating rod 30, the outer closing body 12 is operatively coupled with the linear drive 20, in this case being actuated on a threaded spindle 12. The linear motion of the nut 24 on which 30 is fixed is converted to the pivoting motion of the outer closing body 12 by the handle bar 32.

In the bearing bush 36 is supported a threaded spindle 22 and a linear drive 20 together. The bearing bush 36 is fixed to a fixing stand 38 that protrudes horizontally with respect to the longitudinal axis B of the water gate from the outside of the waste water gate 2. The process of fixing the bearing bush 36 to the fixing stand 38 is made through the supporting component 44 provided in the fixing stand. The support part 44 is used to receive a bearing insert 50 which closes the end of the bearing bush 36 facing towards the wall 6 of the hull 4. The end of the bearing bush 36 facing away from the wall 6 of the hull 4 is closed by a cover 46. At the end of the threaded spindle 22 passing through the cover 46 and having a rectangular profile 48, the threaded spindle 22 is driven, not shown in the figure, to actuate the linear drive 18. It is coupled with the device.

The bearing bush 36 includes one bearing insert 50 adjacent to the support part 44 in addition to the bearing insert 50 and two bearing inserts 52 and 54 arranged successively adjacent to the cover 46. It includes. In the bearing insert 52 the threaded spindle 22 is radially supported. The axial support action of the threaded spindle 22 is achieved through an attachment 56 projecting radially from the threaded spindle 22, the attachment corresponding to the attachment 56 with respect to dimensions in the mounting position. Is disposed on the bearing insert 54 in the front side recess. In this case the attachment 56 is supported not only in the bearing insert 54 but also in the bearing insert 52. The bearing insert 54 is arranged inside the bearing bush 36 so as to be movable in the direction of the longitudinal axis A of the threaded spindle 22 relative to the bearing insert 52.

In the bearing bush 36 a spring component 40 is arranged between the bearing insert 50 and the bearing insert 54. The spring component 40 is formed by a spring column surrounding the threaded spindle 22, in the case of the spring column a plurality of disk spring packets composed of two identical layers of disk springs 42 being oriented. They are coupled in sequence while changing, and act in the direction of the longitudinal axis (A). The installation space for the spring component 40 formed between the bearing inserts 50 and 54 is designed such that the spring column consisting of the disk spring 42 is pressurized. The compressive stress of the spring component 40 caused as a result of the pressurization inhibits the gravity exerted by the outer closing body 12 in the closed position of the outer closing body 12, thereby causing the waste material to The possibility that the water gate 2 opens unintentionally is prevented.

By means of the spring component 40, a threaded spindle 22 and associated actuator 18 together with the bearing insert 54 are produced by the compression action of the spring column formed by the disk spring 42. It can move in the direction of the wall 6 of the hull 4, in which case the action of the threaded spindle 22 is braked by the spring component 40. The movement in the opposite direction of the threaded spindle 22, ie in the direction away from the wall 6, is limited by the bearing insert 52.

Hereinafter, the operating characteristics of the outer closing body 12 and the operating device when the impact load is applied will be described with reference to FIGS. 3 and 4.

3 and 4 schematically show the arrangement of the actuator 18 with a linear drive 20 that is movable in the direction of movement C in the arrangement according to FIG. 1, in which case the linear A handlebar 32 is connected to the extendable end of the drive, which handle is externally closed to close the outer opening of the waste gate 2 again passing through the wall 6 of the submarine hull 4. It is connected to the dragon body (12). Illustrations of the walls 6 and 8 of the hull 4 have been omitted in FIGS. 3 and 4 for the purpose of clarity. For the waste gate 2, only the outer end region of the gate is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

The first part 14 of the outer closure body 12 closes the outer opening of the waste gate 2 before the impact situation occurs (FIG. 1). If, for example, the compression wave creates a shock load substantially in the direction opposite to the closing direction of the first part 14 of the outer closing body 8, the outer closing body 12 is driven by the bearing 17. By carrying out a pivoting movement about the pivot axis which has been formed and being lifted out of the closed position (FIG. 2), the first part 14 closing the waste gate 2 and the whole outer closure body 8 therewith. ) Is adapted to the impact load.

The compensating operation of the closing body 12 as described above is made possible by the impact-elastically supported actuator 18. Therefore, the handle bar 32 and the linear drive device 20 connected to the handle bar can follow the operation of the outer closing body 12 by the extension of the spring component 40, in this case the impact load Energy provided by the interior of the outer closure body 12 is provided through the handlebar 32 and the linear drive 20 into the spring component 40, where the energy is mostly, in the most preferred case, completely extinguished. . The following loosening of the spring component 40 returns the outer closure body 12 to a position for closing the waste gate 2. Due to this shape, in the submarine according to the present invention, not only the outer closing body 12 but also the actuator 18 are safely protected from damage when an impact load is applied.

Claims (8)

A submarine having a hull and at least one water gate 2 disposed between the interior of the hull 4 and the outer perimeter of the hull, The sluice 2 comprises an inner closing body and an outer closing body 10, 12, the outer closing body 12 being at least partially away from the hull 4 to open the sluice 2. In a submarine configured to move in a direction, The outer closure body (12) in its closed position is characterized in that it is impact-elastically supported externally in a direction substantially perpendicular to the opening cross section of the sluice (2) to be closed. The method of claim 1, The outer closure body (12) is operatively coupled with the actuator (18), and the submarine, characterized in that it is supported elastically through the actuator (18). The method according to claim 1 or 2, The outer closure body 12 is formed of two or more portions, the first portion 14 for closing the sluice 2 and the second portion for closing the outer wall 8 of the hull 4. Submarine comprising (16). The method of claim 3, The second part 16 of the outer closure body 12 is connected to the hull 4, wherein the second part 16 is provided with a second bearing 34 and the second bearing Submarine, characterized in that the outer closing body 12 is supported by the actuator (18). The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, The actuator 18 includes a linear drive device 20 supported on the boat side, a handle bar 32 is connected to the extendable end of the linear drive device, and the operating device ( 18) submarine, characterized in that the action is coupled to the outer closure body (12). The method of claim 5, Said linear drive device (20) is supported on a spring component (40), preferably on a disk spring packet. The method according to claim 5 or 6, The linear drive device 20 is a submarine, characterized in that formed by the spindle drive (22, 24). The method according to claim 6 or 7, Submersible, characterized in that the spring component 40 is subjected to compressive stress acting in the closing direction of the outer closing body (12).