KR20080073719A - Method of breaking off casting - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of breaking off casting comprising the steps of charging unnecessary casting material through an upper charge opening consisting of one cutter device (4) provided with one cutter converging toward its tip end and the other cutter device (5) provided with the other cutter converging toward this one cutter device and its tip end facing the one cutter and having at the lower side thereof a fulcrum shaft, and fracturing/breaking off the charged unnecessary casting material by a pressurizing action to pressurize the charged unnecessary casting material by the movement in the form of circular path of the other cutter device (5) using a moving means having a fulcrum shaft at the upper side of the other cutter device, and by a breaking off action between the one and the other cutter devices, wherein part of the charged unnecessary casting material is held via an openable/closable damper (7) positioned at a discharge outlet below the one and the other cutter devices to prevent it from falling through this discharge outlet below and prevent a fractured/broken off recycled cast product from staying through the opening of the damper (7) by a movable means.

Description

METHOD OF BREAKING OFF CASTING}

The present invention relates to a method for cutting a casting such as a long object, to secure an optimum size, shape, and weight of an unnecessary casting raw material (unnecessary casting) as a reclaimed casting product (recycled casting raw material), and to provide a method of quickly cutting a casting. It is about.

Applicants have disclosed in Japan, the United States or Europe as to the method of cutting (crushing) the title casting and cutting blades that are optimal for this method. For example, "Crushing and cutting apparatuses for casting, tapping, and defective products by casting by hydraulic pressure" of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 6-106083, "The cutting method of a casting and the cutting of Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2002-224580, and cutting Blade structure '' and also `` CRUSHING-BREAKING APPARATUS '' in U.S. Patent 5,791,573 or `` An apparatus for crushing-breaking useless casting products using a fixed and a rocking cutter device and method for coating said cutting devices '' exist. The basic structure of these prior arts is demonstrated in the following outline (1) and (2).

The configuration of the outline (1) is common to all the documents cited above. When the structure is demonstrated, the 1st and 2nd cutting blade apparatus of the upper and lower sides opening, the 1st cutting blade of the several mountain shape which protruded in the zigzag shape to the said 1st cutting blade apparatus, and the said 1st cutting blade apparatus and agent A plurality of mountain-shaped second cutting blades protruding in a zigzag shape to the second cutting blade device and the second cutting blade device each of which is opposed to the one cutting blade, and movable means for operating the second cutting blade device (cylinder ) Next, the crushing and cutting operation (method) of the outline (1) will be described. For casting, the second cutting blade device becomes unnecessary from the injection opening (inlet) formed between the first cutting blade device at the retreat. Fits the second cutting blade of the second cutting blade device and the first cutting blade of the first cutting blade device into which a frozen, hot water, unnecessary casting raw material, etc. (called unnecessary casting raw material) is advanced to the cylinder. Using the relationship, the unnecessary casting raw material is crushed and cut (called cutting). And when abnormal load is applied to the 2nd cutting blade (2nd cutting blade apparatus) during operation, the said 2nd cutting blade retreats or stops by the action of a safety mechanism. Further, the reclaimed casting product (recycled casting) that has been cut is discharged from an outlet (outlet) formed between the first cutting blade device at the retreat of the second cutting blade device by using the natural fall.

In addition, the outline (2) relates to the "cutting method of a casting and the cutting blade structure" of the said Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 2002-224580, and the cutting (crushing) method of the casting disclosed by "CRUSHING-BREAKING APPARATUS" of US Patent 5,791,573. It is a structure which used the movable cutting blade apparatus used, and provided the strip | belt-shaped bottom movable cutting blade apparatus in the discharge port in any one of the said 1st, 2nd cutting blade apparatus. The strip-shaped bottom movable cutting blade device prevents dropping of unnecessary casting raw materials or regenerated casting products introduced from the feeding openings of the second cutting blade device and the first cutting blade device at the time of retraction of the second cutting blade device. .

(Initiation of invention)

In the summary (1) of the presented document, the regenerated casting is discharged from the discharge port formed between the first cutting blade device at the time of retraction of the second cutting blade device by using a natural drop, and is always in operation. It is a structure which closes a discharge port with a cutting blade apparatus and opens as needed. Therefore, there is a possibility that an unexpected load (load) is applied to the movable cutting blade device, which leaves a problem in durability, that the strength of the corresponding device is required, or that the durability and the strength of the device are secured. Improvements such as an extra material and a possibility of causing an increase in cost are considered.

In the outline (2) of the presented document, the movable cutting blade device corresponding to the damper of the present invention is freely installed below the first cutting blade device and performs the above operation with a cylinder. Therefore, it is a structure which closes or opens the discharge port formed below the 1st and 2nd cutting blade apparatus by extension or contraction of the piston rod of a cylinder, and does not have an automatic adjustment function, and opens and closes arbitrarily by additional elements, such as a load. It is not composed. Thus, there remains a problem in discharging the reclaimed casting freely from the discharge port.

(Effects of the Invention)

The invention of claim 1 is configured to close or open a discharge port formed below the first and second cutting blade devices through an automatically adjustable damper, and to open and close arbitrarily with an additional element such as a load to add to the damper. This can be reduced, and consequently, the durability of the damper can be secured, and the size or weight can be reduced. In addition, this claim 1 has advantages such as adopting a structure that satisfies the above requirements to the damper, providing economic efficiency, providing optimum price and functionality as an industrial machine, and contributing to the plant's management strategy.

In addition, the invention of claim 1 enables the retention and / or avoidance of the crushed and cut regenerated casting products through the automatic opening / closing damper, thereby facilitating, speeding up, dissolving the unnecessary casting raw materials, and economical efficiency. It is possible to reduce the fuel required for melting and / or to protect the environment while ensuring the safety, and to reduce the stock of the unnecessary casting raw materials and to effectively use the factory space. .

A first cutting blade device having a first cutting blade that converges toward a tip, and a second cutting blade that converges toward a tip that is opposed to the first cutting blade device and that faces the first cutting blade. The unnecessary casting raw material is thrown in from the upper injection opening comprised by the 2nd cutting blade apparatus which has the support shaft provided in the lower side, and the circular arc of the said 2nd cutting blade apparatus via the moving means which has the support shaft of the upper side of the said 2nd cutting blade apparatus. In the casting cutting method of crushing and cutting the said unnecessary casting raw material through the suppression effect | action which suppresses the unnecessary casting raw material which was thrown in by the trajectory, and the cutting action between the said 1st and 2nd cutting blades,

A part of said unnecessary casting raw material injected from the said injection opening is hold | maintained through the opening-and-closing damper located in the discharge port below the said 1st and 2nd cutting blade apparatus, avoiding the fall from the said discharge port below, and moving means A method of cutting a casting characterized by avoiding retention of reclaimed casting products which have been crushed and cut through opening the damper.

The invention of claim 2 has the advantages of being able to achieve the object of claim 1 and providing a means for moving the damper that is optimal and efficient in achieving the object.

Claim 2 constitutes the movable means of the damper according to claim 1, wherein the air pressure to the cylinder can be adjusted, and the damper is automatically opened in a state where a predetermined load is applied to the damper. A method of cutting a casting characterized in that it is possible to alleviate the impact of the mold and to retain a predetermined amount of crushed and cut regenerated casting products on the damper.

The invention of claim 3 has advantages such as being able to achieve the object of claim 1 and also being able to provide an effective damper control means that is optimal for achieving the object.

Claim 3 is a method for cutting a casting, wherein adjustment of the air pressure to the cylinder according to claim 2 is made possible to be manually or automatically adjusted.

The invention of claim 4 has the advantage of being able to achieve the object of claim 1, and also to provide a structure of a damper that is optimal and effective in achieving the object.

The tip of the damper according to claim 1 is always provided near the lower side of the second cutting blade apparatus, and the fall of the crushed and cut recycled casting product and / or unnecessary casting raw material from the proximal portion is prevented. It is the cutting method of the casting characterized by setting it as substantially zero.

The invention of claim 5 has advantages such as being able to achieve the object of claim 4 and also being able to provide the structure of the vicinity of the damper that is optimal for achieving the object and effective.

Claim 5 is a cutting method of a cutting blade, wherein the proximal portion according to claim 4 can adjust the movement of the support shaft under the second cutting blade device.

1 is a front schematic diagram showing a situation in which a second cutting blade device is at a retreat limit and an injection opening formed between the first cutting blade device is opened;

FIG. 2 is a front schematic view showing a situation in which the second cutting blade device is a forward process and the closing openings between the first cutting blade device are sequentially closed;

3 is a front schematic diagram showing a situation in which the second cutting blade device is at the forward limit, and the outlet formed between the first cutting blade device is opened;

4 is a front schematic view showing a situation where the second cutting blade device is at a retreat limit and is the same as in FIG. 1;

5 is a schematic front view showing an example of a shredding and / or cutting device;

6 is a schematic plan view showing an example of a shredding and / or cutting device;

7 is a right side schematic view showing an example of a shredding and / or cutting device;

8 is a left side schematic view showing an example of a shredding and / or cutting device;

9A is a perspective view showing an example of the shape of a welding rib provided on a damper;

9B is a perspective view illustrating another example of FIG. 9A;

9C is a perspective view illustrating another example of FIG. 9A;

9D is a perspective view illustrating another example of FIG. 9A;

10A is a perspective view showing an example in which the welding ribs installed in the damper are arranged in a straight line shape;

10B is a perspective view illustrating another example of FIG. 10A.

* Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings

1: shredding and / or cutting device 2a, 2b: side plate

2c: base plate 3: frame

4: first cutting blade device 4a: bottom bottom

4b: support shaft 40: substrate

41, 51: cutting blade 42, 52: cutting blade

42a, 52a: slope 42b, 52b: bottom side

43, 53: bottom side 44, 54: rib-shaped cutting blade

5: 2nd cutting blade apparatus 5a: support point of lower side

5b: upper support point 50: moving plate

6: cylinder 61: piston rod

7: damper 7a: ramp down

7b: incision 700: rib

8, 9: pivot axis 10: pneumatic cylinder

10a: support shaft 10b: piston rod

100: piston rod 11: insertion opening

12: outlet A, A ': space

H: space H ’: gap

W: raw material W ’: long raw material

W1: recycling casting

When the cutting method of this invention is demonstrated based on FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 4, as shown in FIG. 1, when the 2nd cutting blade apparatus (moving cutting blade apparatus) is in a retreat limit, the upper direction of the cutting blade of a 2nd cutting blade apparatus is shown. Unnecessary casting raw material (raw material) is thrown in from the injection opening formed by the opening and the upper opening of the cutting blade of the first cutting blade device (the fixed cutting blade device or the moving cutting blade device). Reliably accommodating the raw material and / or the long raw material described later by receiving a relatively thin and long raw material (long raw material) dropped from between the first and second cutting blades (between both cutting blades) in the introduced raw material with a damper, As described later, reliable and efficient crushing and / or cutting of the raw material and / or the long raw material and the like (cutting) are planned.

As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the raw material is moved forward along the circular arc trajectory by the second cutting blade device with the lower support shaft as the supporting point, and almost the cylinder is supported on the upper support shaft of the second cutting blade. All the oppressions act, and the oppression acts between the two cutting edges in the vicinity, and moves forward along the arc trajectory, so that between the two cutting edges above the outlet in the vicinity of the lower support shaft, Strong crushing force and / or cutting force (as cutting force) are generated, and the input raw material is reliably and smoothly cut. The said cutting is implemented using the fitting relationship of the said both cutting blades. The cutting is advantageous in that it is carried out reliably and at low pressure through the upper and lower support shafts and the cylinder, and it is helpful to reduce the overall cost of the apparatus or reduce the management cost by adopting such a configuration. Then, the cut recycled casting product (recycled product) naturally falls toward the outlet through the surfaces and / or gaps of both cutting blades. There are advantages in that it is sure and helpful for cutting at low pressure, miniaturization of the cylinder, the whole apparatus, or reduction of management costs. In addition, in the present invention, the damper is principally intended to prevent the fall of long raw materials and to retain the regenerated product without directly involved in the cutting action, but in the case where a predetermined load or more is applied to the damper (the regenerated product stays. In this case), the damper is moved downward to open the discharge port by the weight of the regenerated product (automatic discharge due to this load is not limited to Figs. 2 and 3, but may be in other situations). The reclaimed product staying in the opening is discharged and received out of the machine and / or toward a predetermined place (container).

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 4, when the second cutting blade device at the forward limit retracts through the expansion and contraction of the piston rod of the cylinder, and reaches the retracting limit as it is, when the raw material exists between the cutting blades (partly This second cutting blade apparatus advances again, and the same cutting operation as described above is repeated. Therefore, when a raw material exists between the said two cutting blades, forward and backward of a 2nd cutting blade apparatus are repeated. In the case where no raw material exists between the two cutting edges, in principle, a new raw material is introduced (supplied) toward the feed opening in the same manner as described above in the state of the retraction limit. As a special example, when the second cutting blade apparatus is moved forward, when the second cutting blade apparatus is loaded, the second cutting blade apparatus may be retracted once and then moved forward. Also, after the second cutting edge device reaches the forward limit, it retreats. When a load is applied to the second cutting blade device at the time of the retreat, it retreats after moving forward once. Each configuration example such as the forward and / or retreat as described above is an example and is appropriately changed using the control of the control means.

Hereinafter, an example of a crushing and / or cutting device used in the method of the present invention will be described based on the drawings. The crushing and / or cutting device 1 is formed by the side plates 2a and 2b and the hanging plate 2c. The frame 3 of the up-and-down opening comprised, the 1st cutting blade apparatus 4 (fixed cutting blade apparatus) and the 2nd cutting blade apparatus 5 (movable cutting blade apparatus) which were provided in the said frame 3, and the said The cylinder 6 and the damper 7 which make the 2nd cutting blade apparatus 5 advance and retreat are made into a main component.

First, the raw material W is thrown in from the upper injection opening 11 comprised by the 1st cutting blade apparatus 4 and the 2nd cutting blade apparatus 5 which opposes the said 1st cutting blade apparatus 4, Through the moving means which has the support point 5b of the upper side of the said 2nd cutting blade apparatus 5, the 2nd cutting blade apparatus 5 is suppressed by the raw material W which moved by the circular arc trajectory, and was injected, The raw material W is crushed and cut by the first and second cutting blade devices 4 and 5.

The said 1st cutting blade apparatus 4 is equipped with the board 40 for cutting blade attachment provided in the frame 3, the cutting blade 41 detachably attached to the said board | substrate 40, and the said cutting blade 41. It consists of the 1st cutting blade 42 (support blade or a suppression blade) for cutting and crushing of the half-conical shape provided in plurality in the zigzag shape. The curved inclined surface 42a of the first half cutting cone 42 has an inclination in which the cutting casting (recyclable cutting casting) can fall reliably and naturally. The first cutting blade 42 is arranged in a zigzag shape, and between the first cutting blades 42 is a second cutting blade device 52 of a half-conical shape of the second cutting blade device 5 described later. A space A that can be fitted is formed, and the second cutting blade 52 of the second cutting blade device 5 described later is fitted in the space A. In the fitting gap formed by the 2nd cutting blade 52 of the 2nd cutting blade device 5 inserted in the said space A, and the 1st cutting blade 42 of the 1st cutting blade device 4. The cutting casting falls. In the figure, "43" is a bottom side hill-shaped portion projecting in the shape of a mountain on the bottom side 42b, and the bottom side hill-shaped portion 43 is an efficient material such as a raw material W (casting products, unnecessary casting raw materials, etc.). Cutting and the prevention of pinching between the 1st cutting blade 42 and / or the 2nd cutting blade 52 of the regeneration casting W1 are aimed at. It is especially effective for cutting long raw materials (W '). As a result of adopting the above configuration, for example, the prevention of the scattering of the regeneration casting W1 (regeneration raw material), the suppression (pressing stress) below the casting cutting device of the regeneration casting W1, and the cutting (cutting force) simultaneously There are features that can be planned. In the figure, "44" shows a rib-shaped cutting blade for cutting and crushing provided between the first cutting blades 42.

The second cutting blade device 5 is provided with a movable plate 50 which is freely swingable through the pivot shaft 8 serving as the support point 5a of the lower side of the frame 3, and detachably mounted on the movable plate 50. And a second cutting blade 52 (suppression blade) for half-conical cutting and crushing, in which a plurality of cutting blades 51 to be engaged are provided in zigzag shape in the cutting blades 51. The curved inclined surface 52a of the second half-conical cutting blade 52 has an inclination in which the regenerated casting W1 can fall reliably and naturally. The second cutting blade 52 is arranged in a zigzag shape, and the half cutting cone-shaped first cutting blade 42 of the first cutting blade device 4 is disposed in the space A 'of the second cutting blade 52. Is fitted (the insertion of the second cutting blade 52 and the first cutting blade 42 between the space A and the space A '). In the figure, "53" is a bottom side hill-shaped portion protruding in the form of a mountain on the bottom side 52b, and the bottom side hill-shaped portion 53 is used for efficient cutting of the raw material W and the like. The pinching prevention etc. between the 1st cutting blade 42 and / or the 2nd cutting blade 52 are aimed at. It is especially effective for cutting long raw materials (W '). As a result of adopting this configuration, for example, there is a feature that prevention of scattering of the reclaimed casting W1, suppression of the reclaimed casting W1 under the casting cutting device, and simultaneous cutting can be achieved. In the figure, "54" shows a rib-shaped cutting blade for cutting and shredding provided between the second cutting blades 52.

At the support point 5b on the upper side of the second cutting blade device 5, the second cutting blade device 5 is pivoted through the expansion of the piston rod 61 of the cylinder 6. Retreat (move) forward with the support shaft. That is, since the 2nd cutting blade 52 of the moving side is contact-separated from the 1st cutting blade 42 of the fixed side, and the piston rod 61 is pivoted above the moving plate 50, the said The lever movement mechanism is constituted in an upward position in which the pivot shaft 8 (support point) and the piston rod 61 are pivoted, and the moving plate 50 is provided with a suppression by the lever movement mechanism.

The damper 7 has some space H at the horizontal bottom bottom 4a of the first cutting blade device 4 and also has a frame 3 from the support shaft 4b of the first cutting blade device 4. It is installed freely by the pivot shaft 9 provided in the inside), and the said moving is performed using the pneumatic cylinder 10. As shown in FIG. The pneumatic cylinder 10 is a piece support having a support shaft 10a above the frame 3, and the piston rod 10b is installed to be movable. In addition, the air pressure of the pneumatic cylinder 10 is adjustable by a valve, and adopts a configuration capable of responding to the load required by the damper 7 to take charge of the automatic opening and closing of the damper 7. Therefore, for example, when the regeneration casting W1 is deposited on the damper 7 and rises above the set air pressure, the discharge port 12 is automatically opened. As a result, the load on the damper 7 is eliminated and reliable discharge is achieved. In addition, by linking the discharge with the operation of the second cutting blade device 5, the benefits such as efficient and reliable cutting, input of the raw material W, and discharge of the regeneration casting W1 can be achieved. have. The discharge of the reclaimed casting W1 from the discharge port 12 is more smoothly carried out through the forward inclined portion 7a provided in the damper 7. In addition, by providing the damper 7 in the discharge port 12, the fall of the long raw material W 'can be avoided, and the avoidance of the fall is a synergistic effect with the welding rib 700 provided in the damper 7. This can be done better. The welding rib 700 is usually welded in the longitudinal direction of the damper 7 or in a direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction (falling direction), and hard facing in series in a straight line shape or inclined shape or the like. The present invention has characteristics that can improve the strength, prevent breakage and abrasion, and use as a cutting blade. In addition, as described above, the damper 7 is provided with a slight space H at the horizontal bottom bottom 4a, and the damper 7 is installed freely through the pivot shaft 9. The damper 7 is provided with a cutout 7b for inserting and installing the pivot shaft 9. Thereby, there is a real advantage such that the function of the damper 7 can be exhibited. "100" in the figure shows the piston rod. In addition, an example in which the shape of the welding rib 700 is formed in a wave shape, a mountain shape, or the like, and is provided in a zigzag shape or in a straight line in the flow direction may be employed. Moreover, the gap H 'provided between the said welding ribs 700 prevents the fall of the raw material W by the welding ribs 700, and accelerates the fall of the regeneration casting W1 by the clearance H'. Can be planned.

As described above, the present invention relates to a method for cutting castings, such as elongated articles, which can secure an optimum size, shape, and weight as a reclaimed casting product (recycled casting raw material) of unnecessary casting raw materials (unnecessary casting). Since it is possible to provide a method for cutting a casting quickly, there are features that are helpful in the casting industry and industry.

Claims (5)

The lower side provided with the 1st cutting blade apparatus provided with the 1st cutting blade which converges toward a front-end | tip, and the 2nd cutting blade which converges toward the front end which opposes the said 1st cutting blade apparatus, and opposes the said 1st cutting blade apparatus. Unnecessary casting raw material is thrown in from the upper injection opening comprised by the 2nd cutting blade apparatus which has a support shaft in the above, and is moved by the arc trajectory of the said 2nd cutting blade apparatus via the moving means which has the support shaft above the said 2nd cutting blade apparatus. In the suppression action of suppressing the unnecessary casting raw material introduced by the movement and the cutting method of crushing and cutting the unnecessary casting raw material through a cutting action between the first and second cutting blades, A part of the unnecessary casting raw material introduced from the inlet opening is held through an open / close free damper located at an outlet of the lower part of the first and second cutting devices, to avoid a drop from the outlet of the lower part, and to be damped by a movable means. A method for cutting a cast, characterized in that the retention of the crushed and cut reclaimed casting product is avoided through opening. The method of claim 1, It is possible to configure the movable means of the damper as a cylinder, to adjust the air pressure to the cylinder, to automatically open the damper in a state where a predetermined load is applied to the damper, and to reduce the shock to the damper. And allowing a predetermined amount of the crushed and cut recycled cast product to remain on the damper. The method of claim 2, The adjustment method of the air pressure to the cylinder is a cutting method of the casting characterized in that the manual or automatic adjustment is possible. The method of claim 1, The tip of the damper is always provided close to the lower side of the second cutting blade device, and the dropping of the crushed and cut recycled casting product and / or unnecessary casting raw material from the adjacent portion is set to zero. A method of cutting a casting, characterized in that. The method of claim 4, wherein The said proximal part was able to adjust the movement of the support shaft of the lower side of the said 2nd cutting device, The cutting method of the casting characterized by the above-mentioned.

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