KR20080019648A - A method for the formation of colony varieties of multi-genotype varieties and production of their seeds - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for the formation of colony varieties of crop plants and production of their seeds. Based on their phenotypes, different single-genotype varieties with identical or uniform maturity and plant height will be matched to form a colony variety for a specific breeding aim. Each of the single-genotype varieties in a colony variety will be multiplied separately and their seeds will be mixed in a specific ratio according to the breeding aim. The colony varieties generated in such a method are characterized by consistency, stability and specificity in their phenotype. ® KIPO & WIPO 2008

Description

Method for forming colony varieties of multi-genetic varieties and seed production thereof {A METHOD FOR THE FORMATION OF COLONY VARIETIES OF MULTI-GENOTYPE VARIETIES AND PRODUCTION OF THEIR SEEDS}

The present invention relates to a breeding method for the formation and production of multi-genic colony varieties of crops, including self-pollinating crops, often-cross-pollinating crops and asexual breeding crops.

As an example, rice breeding has been accomplished through two revolutionary breakthroughs in history: semi-dwarfication and hybrid breeding. Semi-dwarf breeding of rice was first initiated by Yaoxiang Huang, an academic member of the Rice Research Institute of Gwangdong Academy of Agricultural Science, and breeding developers around the world. . Hybrid rice breeding was invented by Yuanping Yuan, a Chinese Academy member and "father of hybrid rice". These two events made China the world leader in rice breeding.

Nevertheless, so far the production of rice and other crops has been dominated by single-genotype varieties that share one single genotype within a particular variety. The development and release of single-type varieties directly reduced genetic diversity further. Single-type varieties have become increasingly narrow in genetic background, becoming less resistant and resistant to disease and biological nemesis, and as a result, various diseases have become rampant in the past (eg, rice Helmintospo). Helminthosporium leaf spots, potato blight, wheat strip rust, southern leaf blight ( Bipolaris maydis ) and northern leaf blight ( Setosphaeria turcica ), and some Africans Recently swarms of grasshoppers in the area Soybean rust in the United States in 2004 caused severe panic attacks. According to a report from the World Cereal Day on October 4, 2004, three-quarters of crop genes disappeared in the last century, and the rest are getting worse now.

Hybrid rice also belongs to the single-genetic category. In addition, due to instability of the sterile system, the problem of seed impurity in the production and reproduction of hybrid rice occurs to some extent every year. In 2005, for example, the production of hybrid rice seeds in about 3000 hectares of Guangdong, China, completely failed. The cause of the failure was susceptibility to cold dew winds following the spraying of giberrelin 920 during the production of hybrid seeds. Due to the high social and research costs and high technical risks, hybrid rice has not been commercialized on a large scale in the United States and other countries. In China, as the market economy progresses rapidly, the production of hybrid rice grows very quickly. One of the important reasons for this is that the rights of crop varieties are still incomplete in the country, especially that conventional varieties are not well protected. As a result, seed companies want to produce and sell only hybrid seeds rather than conventional varieties. This is because they can dominate the seed market by controlling the production of hybrid seeds characterized by high cost and risk. The economic interests of seed companies play an important role in the spread of hybrid rice. In order to take advantage of hybrid stress on other crops, it is also expensive to develop a neutral strain and to create a combination of two or three strains. The application of chemical emasculation methods to produce hybrid seeds is extremely limited by climatic factors and other technical issues, causing chemical pollution and other environmental problems.

High yields, high quality and multiple resistance to pests are always the goal of crop breeding, but it is difficult to meet these three objectives for single-type varieties, making it more and more difficult for single-type varieties to excel in all respects. . In short, breeders want to select desirable and complete individuals for traditional crop breeding or mono-genetic breeding, but it is inevitable that each individual is once and for all.

The present inventor, Xiaofang Li, has already developed a new breeding strategy for crops, which is called multi-genetic (colonial) breeding or genetic diversity breeding. The inventor has filed a patent with the application number PCT / CN2004 / 000657. The key to this breeding strategy is to produce and form elite groups instead of the desired individuals in the crop. This has led to major innovations in crop breeding concepts, strategies, tactics and selection criteria. This focused on adjusting crop yields, quality and resistance to pests. This can promote the active protection and utilization of genetic diversity of crops in agriculture. Multi-genotype (colonial breed) breeding is a jargon. Judging by its purpose, this can be referred to as genetic diversity breeding. Multi-genotype (colonial breed) breeding is generally referred to as group breed to help farmers understand.

Multi-genotype (colonial breed) breeding involves seven steps:

(1) selection of the parent system

Depending on the breeding purpose, a hermaphrodite is chosen which has many good crop properties or some specificity. A pair of hermaphrodites do not need to complement each other's characteristics. However, all maternal lineages should be collectively complementary and their harmonization of characteristics should also be considered for breeding purposes. The maternal lineage may change depending on the breeding purpose. For example, higher quality breeding should select a higher maternal lineage, and for resistant and resistant breeding, a more resistant parental line should be selected.

(2) hybridization

The maximum amount of recombinant should be generated at the minimum hybridization cost. For example, a hybrid or fill-up hybrid, in which a pair of parent strains are first crossed and then a pair of hybrid first generation F1, is crossed once more, and the workload of hybridization is dramatically reduced. In a short time, a large amount of recombination can be obtained.

(3) self-crossing for isolation and recombination

Self-pollination or saponification moisture of the crop can be easily realized. At this stage, all species lines of hybridization must be able to be maintained as long as possible, and a certain number of crops must be maintained for each species line depending on the crop's ability to reproduce. Single-seed-descent selection should be performed for all race lines. Each race lineage should not be removed completely too early so that genetic diversity can be maintained within all these race lines. In breeder's experience, after generations of self-breeding, inferior crops can be removed from the race system.

(4) Characterization of individual crop lines

After all race strains have stabilized, each individual crop strain is evaluated for selection. After removing the inferior crops, other crop lines are composed of the base population, and their main characteristics are determined and measured. Indicators to be investigated will depend on facility and time tolerances. Growth periods and height of crops indicate varietal uniformity, so these should be investigated.

(5) grouping and classification

For analysis, data on the characteristics of the population is entered into the computer. Individual varieties of crops with the same growing period and height of crops and sharing common breeding purposes are grouped into groups. Depending on the growth period, the height of the crop and the purpose of breeding, one or several dozen colony varieties can be developed from the basic population.

(6) Improvement of colony varieties

Individual crop lines of colony varieties were grown in separate rows in the same compartment of the field and the data examined for accuracy of measurement or computer input. For overall uniformity within the compartments, crop lines that are inconsistent or obviously inaccurate lines in the data are excluded. For multiple improvement of colony varieties, this process can be repeated for more than one generation.

(7) formation of multi-genetic colony varieties

The initial crop lineage of colony varieties in the basic population can be considered as breeder seeds. The corresponding crop lineages are propagated separately and their seeds are mixed in a certain proportion to form multi-genetic colony varieties or group varieties. Subsequently, normal regional tests such as conventional breeding are performed. The seed of the basic population formed in step (4) corresponds to the seed for propagation, and the seed of the first crop line formed in step (6) is the stock seed of the colony variety. Because individual crop lines differ in fertility, farmers are unable to preserve seed for a long time. Seed companies can produce seeds properly and keep their crops stable and unchanged. If a farmer temporarily preserves cultivated seeds, there is no serious risk of infertility caused by the infertility lineage. For crops that are easy to produce hybrid seeds without infertility strains, hybrid F1 may be used as the base population, and combinations of multi-genetic hybrids, or mixtures of colonies with such combinations, may be constructed therefrom. In short, conventional single-genetic sarcoma is the process of selecting the best individuals, while multi-genetic sarcoma is the process of searching for superior groups.

Genetic Diversity The main advantage of breeding is that it is as easy as conventional breeding in technical difficulty, but the cost for seed production is much less than in hybrid combinations. In addition, this may avoid the risk of infertility caused by the infertility lineage. Thus, this is a low cost and risk free technology. This technology can be effectively protected legally through patent applications, and the benefits of seed companies can be guaranteed. This can promote the industrialization of crop seeds and increase core competitiveness in agriculture. At present, bio-diversity is a big topic, attracting attention from all over the world. In addition, the technology will support the protection of biodiversity and promote the sustainable development of agriculture.

Depending on the breeding purpose, a hermaphrodite is selected which has many good agronomic or some special properties, and accordingly the number of mothers can vary. Different types of hybridization are performed between different pairs of maternal lineages. The maximum number of recombinations should be produced at the expense of minimized hybridization. After several generations of self-crossing, the hybridization of self-pollinating crops is genetic until the genotype and phenotype are both stabilized and finally form a basic population of multi-genetic sarcoma. Isolate and recombine. To take advantage of the hybrid stresses of self-pollinating crops, the F1 hybrid becomes a fundamental component of colony varieties and the basic population. In asexual breeding crops, the recombinant stable genotype of the hybrid F1 generation can be maintained directly. In the process, if as many individual crop lines are maintained as possible, their maximum genetic diversity can continue. Subsequently, each individual crop lineage within the base population is recultivated, their crop properties measured or tested, and a selection is made from them. They are classified on their computer according to their qualitative and quantitative characteristics. All individual lines with the same breeding purpose, the same product characteristics (eg growth period and crop type) and some specific breeding purpose characteristics can be integrated into the colony. At the same time, the original individual lines must also be maintained separately. Individual strains within the same colony are grown in the same compartment of the field to examine performance consistency and review the accuracy of the collected data. To achieve multiple refinements of colonies, this process can be repeated several times.

After determining the individual basic crop lines as a single colony, the seeds of each line can be mixed equally or in proportion to form a specific multi-genetic variety. Because each individual crop lineage within a colony variety has different breeding capacities, farmers are unable to preserve their seed for a long time. This is advantageous for the sale of seed enterprises. Because only these firms can professionally reproduce the seeds of the individual strains of the first crop and keep the characteristics of the superior colony varieties unchanged. Patents for the present invention provide protection for the production or origin of a basic population of colony varieties (ie, the first crop line) in crops and methods for producing their seeds. The present invention provides a method for constructing multi-genetic colony varieties of crops. The present invention also includes a method for producing seeds of colony varieties. Through these two methods, it is possible to develop multi-genetic colony varieties characterized by uniformity, stability and specificity, and to achieve desired breeding objectives in quality, yield and resistance to pests.

The present invention relates to a method for constructing and producing colony varieties of crops. These properties are shown below. Depending on the phenotype, single-genetic varieties from primary populations whose main characteristics are consistent, uniform and share specific breeding objectives are crossed to form colony varieties of crops. The single-genic variety or hybrid combination is bred separately. Depending on the breeding purpose, these seeds are mixed in a specific proportion to form a cultivating agent.

Said single-genic varieties are single-genetic breeding lines selected from single cross, double cross, triple cross, complex cross or backcross results depending on their crop type and growth period.

The crops include self pollination, saponification moisture and asexual propagation crops. The self-pollinating crops include rice, peanuts, wheat, soybeans or tomatoes. The saponified moisture crop is rape, cotton, chili pepper, flowering Chinese cabbage , Brassica campestris L. ssp. Chinensis var. Utilis Tsen, et, Lee, eggplant or mustard cabbage mustard. ), And the like. The abundant breeding crops include potatoes, sweet potatoes, pitahaya, roses or camellia.

The contents of the present invention are described in detail below.

I. Construction of a Single-Genetic Base Population

1. Use the following different breeding methods:

Compound crosses [(A ㅧ B) ㅧ (C ㅧ D)] ㅧ [(E ㅧ F) ㅧ (J ㅧ H)];

Single crossing (A ㅧ B);

Double crossing (A ㅧ B) ㅧ (C ㅧ D);

Triple crossing (A ㅧ B) ㅧ C;

Backcrossing (A ㅧ B) ㅧ A,

Wherein A is the recurrent parental line.

The method may be performed 2 to 10 times. Stable output of a single genotype produced by the aforementioned hybridization method or hybrid combination constitutes the basic population.

2. Use a variety of transgenic lines:

(A ㅧ B) ㅧ A; (A ㅧ C) ㅧ A; (A ㅧ D) ㅧ A; (A ㅧ E) ㅧ A; (A ㅧ F) ㅧ A; (A ㅧ J) ㅧ A; (A ㅧ H) ㅧ A; (A ㅧ I) ㅧ A,

Wherein A is the maternal lineage of the gene receptor and B, C, D, E, F, J, H and I are each the maternal lineage of the various gene donors.

The number of maternal lineages of gene donors is 2 to 5000 and backcrossing with A can be performed 2 to 10 times. Stable, single-genetic outputs from these transgenic lines or hybrid combinations make up the basic population.

3. Stable, single-genetic output by half-sibling or full-sibling recurrent selection or hybrid combination constitutes the primary population.

4. Some or all of the stable single-genic varieties or hybrid combinations produced by the above methods 1 to 3 are selected as the base population.

5. Some or all of the single-genic varieties or hybrid combinations stable in the various base populations produced by the methods 1 to 4 are selected as the base population.

6. Asexual propagation clone lines produced by the methods 1-5 are selected as the primary population.

7. The number of maternal strains used to construct the base population ranges from 2 to 10000.

8. Each colony variety includes 2 to 10,000 single-genic varieties or combinations.

II. How to produce seeds for colony varieties

Single-genic varieties or combinations in the primary population produced by the above-mentioned methods are separately bred. Depending on the breeding purpose, their seeds are mixed in specific proportions to become multi-genetic colony varieties or group varieties. Each colony or group variety includes 2 to 10,000 single-genic varieties or hybrid combinations.

III. Seed inspection technology

Genetic Diversity Colony varieties developed by breeding include a number of genotypes. In addition, seeds of this type of breed may include all genotypes of their components and exhibit genetic diversity and heterogeneity at the molecular level. After the seeds are thoroughly mixed, some of them are randomly sampled for molecular analysis. Differences in SSR, RAPD and other molecular markers in single-grain samples are analyzed. Their differences should fall within the range of propagation seeds in the base population. The lineage relationship between them should also be included within the scope of the maternal line selected in hybridization. Genetic diversity and molecular heterogeneity will not be detected in seed or crop samples by single-genic varieties or hybrid combinations.

The following examples are included to illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the techniques disclosed in the Examples are intended to enable the invention to be practiced well in accordance with the inventor's development techniques and thus to constitute a preferred method for carrying out this practice. However, those skilled in the art can understand that various changes can be made in light of the specific embodiments described in the light of the techniques of the present invention and that the same or similar results do not depart from the spirit, scope and scope of the invention. I can understand. Accordingly, these examples are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the scope of the invention.

Example 1 Basic Population Composition and Seed Production thereof from the Decantant of Complex Hybridization

1. Test material: paddy

Twelve maternal crops of different origins were used in the test (including eight double crop varieties in southern China):

"Zhong-Er-Ruan-Zhan", "Yue-Hua-Zhan", "Yue-Tai-Zhan" and " Er-Ba-Zhan is a grain high quality variety and was developed by the Rice Research Institute (RRI) of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences (GAAS);

"Feng-Ai-Zhan" and "Yue-Xiang-Zhang" are high-yielding varieties, also developed by RAS of GAAS;

"Qi-Gui-Zao" and "Te-Xian-Zhan 13" are high yields developed by the Foshan Agricultural Research Institute in Guangdong, China. Varieties;

"Duo-Kang 578", "Duo-Cang 580" and "Duo-Cang 583" are disease resistant varieties introduced from the International Rice Research Institute in the Philippines. "Lemont", which is used as a control in the test, is a famous high-quality grain quality variety in the United States, and has been the investigation variety for the regional testing of rice so far in China and Guangdong.

2. How the basic population is constructed

The first hybridization included six separate crosses:

Peng-ai-zan X Duo-Cang 578,

Lemon X bell-er-Luan-glass,

Yue-Thai-Zan × Doo-Chan 580,

Yue-hua-zan x er-ba-zan,

Ruan-Cyan-Jan 13 × Yue-xiang-Jan,

Chi-gui-Zhao X Duo-Cang 583.

Secondary hybridization involves simple crosses between the male and female of the F1 generation. Since hybridization was performed within a non-segregation generation, hybridization work was not so great, and only 50 seeds were certainly produced. The crosses are listed below:

(Peng Ai-jan X Duo-Chan 578) X (lemon X bell-Ear-Luan-Jan),

(Yue-Thai-Zan X Duo-Kan 580) X (Yue-Hua-Zan X Ear-ba-Jan),

(Tian-Xian-Zan 13 × Yue-Xian-Zan) × (Chi-Gi-Zhao × Duo-Cang 583)

The third hybridization is as follows:

[(Peng Ai-jan X Duo-Chan 578) X (lemon X bell-Ear-Luan-Jan)] --- Magnetic X

{[(Yue-Thai-Zan X Duo-Chan 580) × (Yue-Hua-Zan X Ear-Bar-Zan)] --- Men's 1+

[(Ter-Sian-Zan 13 × Yue-Sian-Zan) × (Chi-Gi-Zhao × Duo-Cang 583)] --- Woong Sung 2}.

In the above-mentioned crosses, the magnetics are described in the front and the males in the back.

First, each individual crop of the magnetic population was counted, and the two male populations were also counted. The crops of the magnetic population were then fertilized with a mixed pollen of crops of two male populations with the same number of crops as the corresponding magnetic crops. In total, 500 hybrids were produced. For 500 hybrid results, at least 10 self-crossing crops were maintained for each individual crop lineage and self-crossing for generations for their stability. A total population of 2000 individual crops was selected from approximately 5000 stable individual crops, forming a population of SD1, SD2, SD3, SD4,... … , Numbered as SD2000.

3. Composition of colony varieties and seed production methods

After evaluating the base population, 32 single-genic lines were selected that had consistent growth duration, crop height, and high quality grain characteristics. To check their performance, they were grown once more in the field, and then they made colony varieties or group varieties JTSD. This includes the following components: SD1, SD17, SD18 (strong tolerant), SD24, SD31, SD44, SD51, SD57, SD88 (strong tolerant), SD89 (light rice), SD143, SD247, SD354 (hard rice), SD460 (light rice), SD567, SD673, SD776 (light rice), SD890, SD909 (light rice), SD996, SD1097 (hard rice), SD1112, SD1210 (hard rice), SD1213, SD1332 (hard rice), SD1428 (hard rice), SD1533, SD1634, SD1702, SD1803, SD1908, SD1914.

Performance of colony cultivar JTSD: 80 days from sowing date to cultivation date, 65 cm tall on cultivation day, 115 days from sowing date to maturity, 91 cultivation height during maturity cm. The amylose content was 19% and corresponded to Grade 1 in China's condition standard test for grain quality of Indica rice. The yield was 480 kg / 667 m ² , which was a 5% increase over other conventional varieties of the same grain quality.

Seed production method

1. The 32 crop lines mentioned above were propagated separately and then their seeds were mixed in equal proportions to form a cultivation formulation.

2. For harder rice, the amount of seed in the crop system with hard rice should be moderately increased, or the amount of seed in the crop system with soft rice should be reduced.

3. If colony varieties grow in areas with severe disease, the amount of seed in crop lines with strong resistance to disease should be increased for better resistance.

4. The mixing ratio can be changed according to the specific requirements for certain properties. In order to maintain stability of colony varieties in character, the altered amounts and adjusted proportions must be recorded accurately and strictly so that the same colony can be produced in the same way in the next generation of seed production.

5. In a manner similar to that mentioned above, other colony varieties with some special characteristics or specific breeding purposes can be developed from the basic population. Dozens or hundreds of colonies or group varieties with special characteristics can be developed from the base population.

6. The first crop lines of colony varieties in the basic population are examined for identification and verification of seeds in seed production.

Example 2 Construction of the Basic Population and Seed Production thereof from a Single Cross Hybridization Product

1. Test Material: Soybean

Maternal strains of six different origins were selected for the test: Ken-Nong 18, Ji-Yu 47, Liao-Dou 1, He-Pung. -Feng) 41, Ji-Yu 58 and Liao-Dou 13.

2. How the basic population is constructed

47,500 seeds of Kern-nong 18 × paper-milk were collected.

Liao-Dou 1 × Ho-Feng 41, 400 seeds were collected.

G-yu 58 × ria-dough 13,700 seeds were collected.

Seeds collected from a single hybrid hybrid were sown in fields and 1600 individual crops were harvested. In the next generation, 10 crops were grown in one row for each crop lineage, and a total of 1600 rows for all crop lines. Two seeds were collected from each crop. In later generations, ten or more self-crossed crops were maintained for each crop lineage and self-crossed over several generations for stabilization. From about 16000 stable individual crops, 4,000 good crops are selected to form a basic population, and DD1, DD2, DD3, DD4,... … Numbered DD4000.

3. Colony varieties composition and seed production method

After evaluating the baseline population, 40 single-genetic lines were chosen that had constant growth periods and heights of crops and were of high quality. After cultivation once more in the field to confirm their performance, colony varieties or group varieties JTDD were constructed. This includes the following crop lines: DD1, DD18 (strong resistance), DD31, DD44, DD57, DD59, DD88 (strong resistance), DD143, DD247, DD354 (high oil content), DD460 (high protein content), DD567 , DD776 (high protein content), DD909 (high protein content), DD996, DD1044, DD1097 (high oil content), DD1112, DD1210 (strong resistance), DD1213, DD1322 (high oil content), DD1428 (strong resistance), DD1634 , DD1702, DD1843, DD1914, DD2017, DD2047, DD2473, DD2533, DD2551, DD2688 (strong resistance), DD2908, DD3051, DD3289 (high protein content), DD3524, DD3803, DD3890, DD3954 (high oil content) and DD3989 (high oil content) Protein content).

 Performance of colony cultivar JTDD: growth period was 124 days, crop height was 105 cm, crude protein content was 45% and oil content was 20%.

Seed production method

1. The 40 crop lines mentioned above were propagated separately and then their seeds were mixed in equal proportions to form a cultivation formulation.

2. For high protein or high oil content, the amount of seeds of the crop line with high protein or high oil content should be moderately increased.

3. When colony varieties grow in areas with severe disease, the amount of seeds of the crop plant with strong tolerance should be increased for better resistance.

4. The mixing ratio can be changed according to the specific requirements for certain properties. In order to maintain stability of colony varieties in character, the altered amounts and adjusted proportions must be recorded accurately and strictly so that the same colony can be produced in the same way in the next generation of seed production.

5. In a manner similar to that mentioned above, other colony varieties with some special characteristics or specific breeding purposes can be developed from the basic population. Dozens or hundreds of colonies or group varieties with special characteristics can be developed from the base population.

6. The first crop lines of colony varieties in the basic population are examined for identification and verification of seeds in seed production.

Example 3 Construction of Basic Populations and Seed Production of Double Cross Hybridization Results

1.Test Material: Rape

Fortified breeding for a comprehensive selection of high erucil acid content varieties:

The parental lines crossed were: 4 varieties of Mercury, Neptune, Castor and R-588 (introduced from Canada) with a high erucil acid content of at least 53%. ), Indian (Indore, introduced from the United States); Two “dual-high” varieties S87-2127 and S87-2365 (China); Three high linoleic and high linolenic acid varieties, Zhong-You 821 (Oil Plant Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science), Ning-You 7 ( Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Wang-You 17 (Hubei) (China); Low-thioglycoside varieties Wan-You 6 (Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science); Gotarshiji, a "double high" breed introduced. Hybridization was performed between pairs of these varieties.

2. How the basic population is constructed

Primary hybridization:

Mercury × S87-2127;

Neptun × S87-2365;

Kesto X species-you 821;

Indo x Ning-you 7;

Gotarshji × King-Yoo 17;

R-588 x Wan-you 6.

Secondary hybridization:

(Mercury × S87-2127) × (Neptun × S87-2365), 78 seeds were collected.

(Kesto x species-you 821) x (Indoor x Ning-you 7), 70 seeds were collected.

(Gotarschji × Wang-Yoo 17) × (R-588 × Wan-Yow 6), 70 seeds were collected.

A total of 218 hybrids were obtained from these three double-cross hybridizations. In the next generation, 10 crops were grown in one row for each crop lineage, and a total of 2180 rows in all crop lines. Two seeds were collected from each crop. In later generations, ten or more self-crossed crops were maintained for each crop lineage and self-crossed over several generations for stabilization. For all of these crop lines, regular removal was performed until they were stable and constant. YC1, YC2, YC3, YC4,... For single-gene crop lines in the primary population. … , Numbered YC2180.

3. Colony varieties composition and seed production method

After evaluating the base population, 27 single-genetic lines were selected from the 2180 crop lines of the base population with good overall characteristics, consistent growth duration, high erucic acid content and high oil content. After cultivation once more in the field to confirm their performance, colony varieties or group varieties JTYC were constructed. This includes the following crop lines: YC2, YC17 (strong resistance), YC33, YC45, YC56, YC58, YC89 (strong resistance), YC145, YC237, YC344 (high oil content), YC466 (high erucic acid content) , YC569, YC776 (High Erucic Acid Content), YC909 (High Erucic Acid Content), YC996, YC1044, YC1097 (High Oil Content), YC1112, YC1210 (Strong Resistance), YC1213, YC1322 (High Oil Content), YC1428 (Strong resistance), YC1634, YC1702, YC1843, YC1914, YC2017 and YC2047.

  Performance of colony cultivar JTYC: growth period was 220 days, crop height was 150 cm, oil content was 48%, and erucic acid content was 42%.

Seed production method

1. The 27 crop lines mentioned above were propagated separately and then their seeds were mixed in equal proportions to form a cultivation formulation.

2. For high oil and high erucic acid content, the amount of seeds of crop lines with high oil and high erucic acid content should be increased appropriately.

3. When colony varieties grow in areas with severe disease, the amount of seeds of the crop plant with strong tolerance should be increased for better resistance.

4. The mixing ratio can be changed according to the specific requirements for certain properties. In order to maintain stability of colony varieties in character, the altered amounts and adjusted proportions must be recorded accurately and strictly so that the same colony can be produced in the same way in the next generation of seed production.

5. In a manner similar to that mentioned above, other colony varieties with some special characteristics or specific breeding purposes can be developed from the basic population. Dozens or hundreds of colonies or group varieties with special characteristics can be developed from the base population.

6. The first crop lines of colony varieties in the basic population are examined for identification and verification of seeds in seed production.

Example 4 Construction of Basic Populations and Seed Production of Triple Cross Hybridization Results

1. Test Material: Peanut

Six parent strains of various origins were used for hybridization: Pi-Hua 6, Hua-Xuan 1, Xu-Hua 6, Shan-You 321, Yue-You 79, and FU91-103.

2. How the basic population is constructed

(Shan-you 321 × Yue-you 79) × FU91-103, 500 stable individual crop lines were produced from the hybridization results; (Hua-Suan 1 × Su-Hua 6) × Shan-You 321, 600 stable individual crop lines were produced from the hybridization results. These crop lines constitute the basic population, and they are expressed in HS1, HS2, HS3, HS4,... … , Numbered HS1100.

3. Colony varieties composition and seed production method

Low yields are the largest limiting factor for conventional varieties of peanuts, with most peanut varieties having less than 32% protein and only 5% of the varieties having a protein content of at least 32%. Through investigation and classification, one colony variety JTHS was developed according to flowering date, maturity, height of crop at pegging and maturity of individual lineage of colonies. Selection was performed with protein content as the main factor. Since peanuts are self-moisture crops, their stability remained unchanged during reproduction.

Colony varieties JTHS include 15 individual crop lines from the following basic population: HS2, HS27, HS88, HS139 (excellent resistance), HS231, HS247, HS354 (excellent resistance), HS440, HS460, HS511 (excellent resistance), HS567 , HS578, HS886, HS897 and HS1043.

Performance of colony cultivar JTHS: growth period was 130 days, crop height was 110 cm, yield was 356 kg / 667 m ² (27% increase over control) and protein content was 33%.

Seed production method

1. The 15 crop lines mentioned above were propagated separately and then their seeds were mixed in equal proportions to form a cultivation formulation.

2. If colony varieties grow in areas with severe disease, the amount of seed of the crop line with strong tolerance should be increased for better resistance.

3. The mixing ratio can be changed according to the specific requirements for certain properties. In order to maintain stability of colony varieties in character, the altered amounts and adjusted proportions must be recorded accurately and strictly so that the same colony can be produced in the same way in the next generation of seed production.

4. In a manner similar to that mentioned above, other colony varieties with some special characteristics or specific breeding purposes can be developed from the basic population. Dozens or hundreds of colonies or group varieties with special characteristics can be developed from the base population.

5. The first crop lines of colonies in the basic population are examined for identification and verification of seeds in seed production.

Example 5 Construction of Basic Populations and Seed Production from Backcross Hybridization Results

1.test material: cotton

Six parent crops of different origins were used in the tests: Zhong-Mian-Suo 24, Zhong-Mian-Suo 35, Zhong-Mian-Suo 36, Zhong-Mian-Suo 19, Yu Yu-Mian 19, Han-Dan 284. Each strain was backcrossed to one of the following six hybridizations.

2. How the basic population is constructed

(Species sorry-shou 24 × species-sorry-shou 35) × species-shou-24, 100 seeds were collected;

(Species sorry-shou 35 × species-sorry-shou 19) × species-shou-35, 100 seeds were collected;

(Species sorry-shou 19 × species-sorry-shou 36) × species-shou-19, 100 seeds were collected;

(Species sorry-shou 36 x yu-sorry 19) x species-sorry-shou 36, 100 seeds were collected;

(Yo-19 19 × Han-dan 284) × Y-19, 100 seeds were collected;

(Han-dan 284 × species-sorry-shou 24) × Han-dan 284, 100 seeds were collected.

Seeds collected from the backcross hybridization were all sown in fields to obtain 1000 individual crops. In the next generation, 10 crops were grown in one row for each crop lineage, and a total of 1000 rows were grown for all crop lines. Two seeds were collected from each crop. In later generations, ten or more self-crossed crops were maintained for each crop lineage and self-crossed over several generations for stabilization. From 3000 stable individual crops, 3000 fine crops are selected to form a basic population, and MH1, MH2, MH3, MH4,... … , Numbered MH3000.

3. Composition of colony varieties and seed production methods

After evaluating the base population, 33 single-genetic lines with a constant crop height and good fiber quality were selected from the 3000 crop lines of the base population and these consisted of colony varieties or group varieties JTMH. It includes the following components: MH1, MH18 (excellent resistance), MH31, MH44, MH57, MH59, MH88 (excellent resistance), MH143, MH247, MH354 (high fiber strength), MH460 (long fiber), MH567, MH776 (long fiber), MH909 (long fiber), MH996, MH1044, MH1097 (high fiber strength), MH1112, MH1210 (strong resistance), MH1213, MH1322 (high fiber strength), MH1428 (excellent resistance), MH1634, MH1702, MH1843, MH1914, MH2017, MH2047, MH2473, MH2533, MH2551, MH2688 (strong resistance) and MH2908.

Performance of colony variety JTMH: growth period was 114 days, crop height was 98 cm, fiber length was 24 mm, and fiber strength was 4 g.

Seed production method

1. The 33 crop lines mentioned above were propagated separately and then their seeds were mixed in equal proportions to form a cultivation formulation.

2. For high fiber strength or length, the amount of seeds of crop lines with high fiber strength or length should be moderately increased.

3. If colony varieties grow in areas with severe disease, the amount of seed in crop lines with strong resistance to disease should be increased for better resistance.

4. The mixing ratio can be changed according to the specific requirements for certain properties. In order to maintain stability of colony varieties in character, the altered amounts and adjusted proportions must be recorded accurately and strictly so that the same colony can be produced in the same way in the next generation of seed production.

5. In a manner similar to that mentioned above, other colony varieties with some special characteristics or specific breeding purposes can be developed from the basic population. Dozens or hundreds of colonies or group varieties with special characteristics can be developed from the base population.

6. The first crop lines of colony varieties in the basic population are examined for identification and verification of seeds in seed production.

Example 6 Construction of Basic Populations and Seed Production of Transgenic Lineage Results

1. Test Material: Tomato

Seventeen varieties of various origins were selected as maternal strains: Ying-Shi-Da-Hong, Fen-Hong D-80, Bo-Yu 368, Bo-Yu 367, Jin-Xiang-Fan-Zao, Jin-Xiang-Fan-Bao, Jia-Fen 17, Fan-Qie-Dong-Nong 704, Fan-Qie-Mao-Fen 802, Yu-Fan -Qie) 1, Fan-Qie-Zhong-Su 5, Zhong-Za 11, Zhong-Za 9, Hong-Za 18, Hong -Ja 10, Fan-Qie-Xi-Fen 3, Fun-Hong D-80. In-s-da-hong was used as a receptor and circulatory lineage, and 16 other varieties were used as donors.

2. How the basic population is constructed

(Ing-s-da-hong × fun-hong D-80) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × bo-yu 368) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × bo-yu 367) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × jin-xiang-pan-jiao) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × jin-xiang-pan-bao) × ying-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × jia-fern 17) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × pan-chi-dong-nong 704) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × pan-chi-mao-fun 802) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × yu-pan-chi 1) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × pan-chi-species-number 5) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × species 11) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × species 9) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × hong-za 18) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × hong-za 10) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × pan-chi-shi-fun 3) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected;

(Ing-s-da-hong × fun-hong D-80) × ing-s-da-hong, 100 seeds were collected.

In this hybridization, some genes or backgrounds of genes of 16 different varieties were introduced into the Ying-s-da-hong receptor lineage. The transgenic lineage may also be the result of a genetically engineered crop lineage through gene transformation. Backcrossing can be performed for more than one generation. The basic populations produced in this way are relatively ordered and uniform, but their genetic diversity may be reduced to some extent. Seeds collected in the backcross hybridization were all sown in fields to yield 1600 individual crops. In the next generation, 10 crops were grown in one row for each crop lineage, and a total of 1600 rows for all crop lines. Two seeds were collected from each crop. In later generations, ten or more self-crossed crops were maintained for each crop lineage and self-crossed over several generations for stabilization. 4010 good crops are selected from about 16000 stable individual crops to form a basic population, and FQ1, FQ2, FQ3, FQ4,... … , Numbered FQ4010.

3. Composition of colony varieties and seed production methods

After evaluating the base population, 40 single-genetic lines with a constant crop height and high sugar content were selected from the 4010 crop lines of the base population, which constituted colony varieties or group varieties JTFQ. It includes the following components: FQ5, FQ18 (excellent resistance), FQ41, FQ49, FQ57 (high yield), FQ59, FQ88 (excellent resistance), FQ145, FQ247, FQ354 (solid), FQ460, FQ567, FQ776 (High Yield), FQ909 (High Yield), FQ986, FQ1043, FQ1097 (High Solids), FQ1112, FQ1210 (Good Resistance), FQ1213, FQ1322 (High Solids), FQ1428 (Good Resistance), FQ1634 (High Yield), FQ1702 , FQ1843 (excellent resistance), FQ1914, FQ2017, FQ2047, FQ2473, FQ2533, FQ2551, FQ2688, FQ2908, FQ3051, FQ3289, FQ3524 (solid), FQ3803, FQ3890, FQ3954 and FQ4002.

 Performance of colony cultivar JTFQ: growth period was 94 days, crop height was 98 cm, and the average weight of individual overeating was 250 g.

Seed production method

1. The 40 crop lines mentioned above were propagated separately and then their seeds were mixed in equal proportions to form a cultivation formulation.

2. For heavy fruits or solids, the amount of seeds of crop plants with heavy fruits or solids should be increased appropriately.

3. If colony varieties grow in areas with severe disease, the amount of seed in crop lines with strong resistance to disease should be increased for better resistance.

4. The mixing ratio can be changed according to the specific requirements for certain properties. In order to maintain stability of colony varieties in character, the altered amounts and adjusted proportions must be recorded accurately and strictly so that the same colony can be produced in the same way in the next generation of seed production.

5. In a manner similar to that mentioned above, other colony varieties with some special characteristics or specific breeding purposes can be developed from the basic population. Dozens or hundreds of colonies or group varieties with special characteristics can be developed from the base population.

6. The first crop lines of colony varieties in the basic population are examined for identification and verification of seeds in seed production.

Example 7 Construction of Basic Populations and Their Seed Production from Results of Circulation Selection

1. Test material: wheat

Eighteen varieties with high quality, high yield and good disease resistance were selected as maternal strains: Shaan-Nong 757, Tai T15, JI-Shen-Cang 6001, Jin-Mai 54, Ke-Nong 9204, Yu-Mai 46, Liao-Chun 12, Shen-Mian 96 , Ken-jiu 10, Ken-Hong 14, Chi-Mai 5, Meng-Mai 30, Yang-Mai 10 , Gan-Chun 20, Chuan-Mai 3, Yan-Zhan 4110, Chuan-Yu 5404, Yu-Mai 7 Dwarf male sterile wheat was the circulatory system.

2. How the basic population is constructed

Each of the 18 varieties was cultivated by alternating dwarf male sterile wheat and rearrangement, and ten crops were grown in one row. Hybrid seeds were screened from dwarf male sterile wheat, from which 1800 crop lines were grown in fields the following year. At the same time, half-sibling hybridization was performed between 900 overall superior individual crops, selected from the crop lineage and individual dwarf male sterile crops of the population, to complete further recombination and more in secondary circulation selection. The superior genes were integrated into them. After 3 generations of self-breeding, 400 crop capable crops with comprehensive superior traits were selected. Two seeds from each crop were collected and maintained at least 10 self-crossed crops for each crop lineage and self-crossed for generations for stabilization. Finally, a total of 4000 crop lineages form the base population, for which XM1, XM2, XM3, XM4,... … , Numbered XM4000.

3. Composition of colony varieties and seed production methods

After evaluating the base population, 40 single-genic lines were selected from the 4000 crop lines of the base population with good quality, consistent growth duration and height of the crop. After cultivation once more in the field to confirm their performance, colony varieties or group varieties JTXM were constructed. It includes the following components: XM1, XM18 (excellent resistance), XM31, XM44, XM57, XM59, XM88 (excellent resistance), XM143, XM247, XM354 (high gluten content), XM460 (low gluten content), XM567 , XM776 (low gluten content), XM909 (low gluten content), XM996, XM1044, XM1097 (high gluten content), XM1112, XM1210 (good resistance), XM1213, XM1322 (high gluten content), XM1428 (good resistance), XM1634 , XM1702, XM1843, XM1914, XN2017, XM2047, XM2473, XM2533, XM2551, XM2688 (Good Resistance), XM2908, XM3051, XM3289 (Low Gluten Content), XM3524, XM3803, XM3890, XM3954 (High Gluten Content) Gluten content).

Performance of colony variety JTXM: growth period was 114 days, crop height was 100 cm, crude protein content was 17%.

Seed production method

1. The 40 crop lines mentioned above were propagated separately and then their seeds were mixed in equal proportions to form a cultivation formulation.

2. For high gluten content, the amount of seeds of crop lines with high gluten content should be increased appropriately or crop lines with low gluten content should be moderately reduced.

3. If colony varieties grow in areas with severe disease, the amount of seed in crop lines with strong resistance to disease should be increased for better resistance.

4. The mixing ratio can be changed according to the specific requirements for certain properties. In order to maintain the stability of colony varieties in characterization, altered amounts and adjusted proportions must be recorded accurately and strictly so that the same colony can be produced in the same way in the next generation of seed production.

5. In a manner similar to that mentioned above, other colony varieties with some special characteristics or specific breeding purposes can be developed from the basic population. Dozens or hundreds of colonies or group varieties with special characteristics can be developed from the base population.

6. The first crop lines of colony varieties in the basic population are examined for identification and verification of seeds in seed production.

Example 8 Construction of the Basic Population and Seed Production thereof from Mixing of Various Crossing Outcomes

<Chili Pepper>

1.test material

Six parent strains of different origins were used in the tests: Zhong-Jiao 6, Chong-Jiao 5, Chong-Jiao 11, Ning-Jiao 5, and B Ter-Jiao. Zao, Ha-Jiao 3.

2. How the basic population is constructed

(Ning-Jiao 5 × B ter-Zao) × Ha-Jiao 3,500 individual crops were produced;

[(Jong-Jiao 5 × Jong-Jiao 11) × (Ning-Jiao 5 × B Ter-Zhao)], 1000 individual crops produced in separate generations.

Seeds collected from both hybridizations were sown in fields to yield 1500 individual crops. In the next generation, 10 crops were grown in one row for each crop lineage, and a total of 1500 rows for all crop lines. Two seeds were collected from each crop. In later generations, ten or more self-crossed crops were maintained for each crop lineage and self-crossed over several generations for stabilization. From the approximately 15,000 stable individual crops, 3000 fine crops are selected to form a basic population, and LJ1, LJ2, LJ3, LJ4,... … , Numbered LJ3000.

3. Composition of colony varieties and seed production methods

After evaluating the base population, 30 single-genic lines were selected from the 3000 crop lineages of the base population with consistent growth periods, height and crop form of the crops. After cultivation once more in the field to confirm their performance, colony varieties or group varieties JTLJ were constructed. This includes the following components: LJ5, LJ19 (excellent resistance), LJ25, LJ33, LJ49, LJ51, LJ58, LJ88 (excellent resistance), LJ90, LJ163, LJ244, LJ356, LJ467, LJ566, LJ776 (hot), LJ896, LJ910 (Hot), LJ999, LJ1096, LJ1116, LJ1218 (Good Resistance), LJ1313, LJ1322 (Hot), LJ1528 (Good Resistance), LJ1534, LJ1934, LJ2702, LJ2803, LJ2908 and LJ2974.

Performance of colony cultivar JTLJ: growth period was 126 days, crops were 56 cm tall, bull-horned fruit, yield was more than 12% for varieties of the same grade.

Seed production method

1. The 30 crop lines mentioned above were propagated separately and then their seeds were mixed in equal proportions to form a cultivation formulation.

2. For spicy properties, the amount of seeds in crop plants with spicy properties should be increased accordingly.

3. If colony varieties grow in areas with severe disease, the amount of seed in crop lines with strong resistance to disease should be increased for better resistance.

4. The mixing ratio can be changed according to the specific requirements for certain properties. In order to maintain stability of colony varieties in character, the altered amounts and adjusted proportions must be recorded accurately and strictly so that the same colony can be produced in the same way in the next generation of seed production.

5. In a manner similar to that mentioned above, other colony varieties with some special characteristics or specific breeding purposes can be developed from the basic population. Dozens or hundreds of colonies or group varieties with special characteristics can be developed from the base population.

6. The first crop lines of colony varieties in the basic population are examined for identification and verification of seeds in seed production.

<Flower cabbage ( Brassica campestris L. ssp.  Chinensis  var. utilis Tsen, et, Lee)>

1.test material

The parental lines to be bred are listed below, and they are of Guangdong province:

Dark-green type Te-Qing-Chi-Xin 4, Chi-Xin 29, and Sui-Qing 1;

You-Qing 12, Si-Jiu 19, You-Ching 49, Lu-Bao 70, Qing-Bao 40 of the light green type;

You-Lu 70, Chi-Xin 2, You-Ching 50 of the glossy green type;

Yellow-green type Si-Jiu-Cai-Xin.

2. How the basic population is constructed

Ter-ching-tsu-shin 4 × you-ching 50;

Yo-ching 49 × tsu-shin 2;

Ching-Bao 40 × Shui-Ching 1;

Lu-bao 70 × you-lu 70;

Yaw-ching 12 × s- clear 19;

Su-Jiu-Kai-Shin X Ts-Shin 29.

Fifty seeds were collected from each of these crosses in hybrid second generation (F2).

(Ter-Ching-Tsu-Sin 4 × Yo-Ching 50) F ₁ × (Yo-Ching 49 × Tsu-Sin 2) F ₁ , 50 seeds were collected.

(Ching-Bao 40 × Sui-Ching 1) F ₁ × (Ru-Bao 70 × Yoo-Lu 70) F ₁ , 50 seeds were collected.

(Yoo-Ching 12 × Su-Ju 19) F ₁ × (Shi-Jiu-Kai-Sin × Tsu-Sin 29) F ₁ , 50 seeds were collected.

Seeds collected in the hybridization were all sown in fields to yield 450 individual crops. In the next generation, 10 crops were grown in one row for each crop lineage, and a total of 450 rows for all crop lines. Two seeds were collected from each crop. In later generations, ten or more self-crossed crops were maintained for each crop lineage and self-crossed over several generations for stabilization. Select 2000 fine crops from about 4500 stable individual crops to form a basic population, for which CX1, CX2, CX3, CX4,... … , Numbered CX2000.

3. Composition of colony varieties and seed production methods

After evaluating the base population, 26 single-genic lines were selected from the 2000 crop lineage of the base population with consistent growth duration, height of crop and leaf color. After cultivation once more in the field to confirm their performance, colony varieties or group varieties JTCX were constructed. This includes the following components: CX5, CX19 (strongly resistant), CX25, CX33, CX49, CX51, CX58, CX88 (strongly resistant), CX90, CX163, CX244, CX356, CX467, CX566, CX776 (dark green), CX896, CX910 (dark green), CX999, CX1096 (dark green), CX1116, CX1218 (strong resistant), CX1313, CX1322 (dark green), CX1528 (strong resistant), CX1534 and CX1934.

Performance of colony varieties JTCX: The period until the first harvest date was 30 days, the crop was 32 cm tall, and the yield was at least 10% for the same grade varieties.

Seed production method

1. The 26 crop lines mentioned above were propagated separately and then their seeds were mixed in equal proportions to form a cultivation formulation.

2. For dark green leaf color, the amount of seed of crop line with dark green leaf color should be increased appropriately.

3. If colony varieties grow in areas with severe disease, the amount of seed in crop lines with strong resistance to disease should be increased for better resistance.

4. The mixing ratio can be changed according to the specific requirements for certain properties. In order to maintain the stability of colony varieties in characterization, altered amounts and adjusted proportions must be recorded accurately and strictly so that the same colony can be produced in the same way in the next generation of seed production.

5. In a manner similar to that mentioned above, other colony varieties with some special characteristics or specific breeding purposes can be developed from the basic population. Dozens or hundreds of colonies or group varieties with special characteristics can be developed from the base population.

6. The first crop lines of colony varieties in the basic population are examined for identification and verification of seeds in seed production.

Eggplant

1.test material

Fifteen varieties from China's Guangdong province were selected as parental lines for mating, and they had different fruit forms and colors:

Zi-Hei 2, Hei-Bao-Fu-Qiu-Qie, Hei-Hu-Zao of the black-purple type -Qie);

Tai-Ke-Zi-Yuan-Qie, Hei-Jin, USA;

Purple and long type 9318 Chang-Qie, Jia-Li-Chang-Qie, Ji-Nan 94-1, Chang-Hong Chang-Hong) 2 and Long-Feng-Qie-Zi;

Bang-Lu-Qie and Lu-Qie 3 of the glossy green type;

Other types of Lu-Qie 1, Lu-Cie 3, Lu-Cie 4.

2. How the basic population is constructed

50 seeds were collected from 1 × Lu-Cee 3, F2 generations;

3, 50 seeds were collected (Ru-chi 3 × Lu-chi 4) × Ru-chi;

(Hey-Ju-Zao-Chie × Lu-Cie 1) F ₁ × (Ru-Cie 3 × Ru-Cie 4) F ₁ , 50 seeds were collected;

(Z-Hey 2 × Lu-Chie 3) F ₁ × (US Hay-Jin × Bang-Ru-Chie) F ₁ , 50 seeds were collected;

(Ji-nan 94-1 × Hey-hu-Zao-Chie) F ₁ × (Jia-Rer-Chang-Chie × Chang-Hong 2) F ₁ , 50 seeds were collected;

(9318 Chang-Chie X tie-ker-zu-Yuan-Chie) F ₁ x (Long-Peng-Chie-zu X Hei-Bao-Pu-Chi-Chie) F ₁ , Collect 50 seeds Was done;

[(Z-hey 2 X Lu-Chi 3) F ₁ X (American Hey-Jin X Bang-Ru-Chie) F ₁ ] F ₁ X [(Ji-I 94-1 X Hei-Fu-Zao- Chie) F ₁ × (Jia-Rer-Chang-Chie × Chang-Hong 2) F ₁ ] F ₁ , 50 seeds were collected;

[(Z-hey 2 X Lu-Chie 3) F ₁ X (American Hey-Jin X Bang-Ru-Chie) F ₁ ] F ₁ × {[((9318 Chang-Chie X tie-ker-zu- Yuan-Chie) F ₁ × (Long-Peng-Chie-Z × Hay-Bao-Pu-Chi-Chie) F ₁ ] F ₁ --- Male 2}, 50 seeds were collected.

Seeds collected in the hybridization were all sown in fields to obtain 400 individual crops. In the next generation, 10 crops were grown in one row for each crop lineage, and a total of 2000 rows were grown for all crop lines. Two seeds were collected from each crop. In later generations, ten or more self-crossed crops were maintained for each crop lineage and self-crossed over several generations for stabilization. We select 2000 high quality crops from about 4000 stable individual crops to form a basic population, and QZ1, QZ2, QZ3, QZ4,... … , Numbered QZ2000.

3. Composition of colony varieties and seed production methods

After evaluating the base population, 24 single-genetic lines were selected from the 2000 crop lines of the base population with consistent growth duration, height of crop and fruit color. After cultivation once more in the field to confirm their performance, colony varieties or group varieties JTQZ were constructed. This includes the following components: QZ9, QZ20 (strong resistance), QZ27, QZ36, QZ49, QZ56, QZ58, QZ89 (strong resistance), QZ94, QZ154, QZ245, QZ353, QZ467, QZ569, QZ896, QZ910, QZ989 , QZ1216, QZ1202 (strong tolerant), QZ1413, QZ1521, QZ1728 (strong tolerant), QZ1834 and QZ1934.

These hybrid stresses were utilized in production by crossing the 12 pairs of lines from the 24 single-genetic lines selected as above to form a combination.

Performance of colony varieties JTQZ: The period until the first harvest date was 102 days, the crop was 75 cm tall, and the yield was at least 15% for the same grade varieties.

Seed production method

1. The 24 crop lines mentioned above were bred individually. These seeds or their twelve hybrid combinations were mixed in equal proportions to form a cultivation formulation.

2. If colony varieties grow in areas with severe disease, the amount of seed from crop lines with strong resistance to disease should be increased for better resistance.

3. The mixing ratio can be changed according to the specific requirements for certain properties. In order to maintain stability of colony varieties in character, the altered amounts and adjusted proportions must be recorded accurately and strictly so that the same colony can be produced in the same way in the next generation of seed production.

4. In a manner similar to that mentioned above, other colony varieties with some special characteristics or specific breeding purposes can be developed from the basic population. Dozens or hundreds of colonies or group varieties with special characteristics can be developed from the base population.

5. The first crop lines of colonies in the basic population are examined for identification and verification of seeds in seed production.

Mustard cabbage

1.test material

Different families of mustard cabbage, comprising 12 varieties, were selected as the parent strain for mating: Xiang-Gang-Bai-Hai-Jie-Lan, of early ripening type. Xi-Ye-Zao-Jie-Lan, Zhou-Ye-Zao-Jie-Lan; Tai-Wang-Zhong-Hua, Zhong-Chi-Jie-Lan, Xiang-Kang-Hua of the medium aging type Zhong-Hua), He-Tan-Jie-Lan and Zhong-Hua-Jie-Lan; Zhou-Ye-Chi-Jie-Lan, Dong-Fang-Jian-Jie-Lan of the late-maturing type , Pu-Tong-Jie-Lan-1, Chi-Hua-Jie-Lan.

2. How the basic population is constructed

Chong-Tsu-Jie-Lan × Pu-Tong-Jie-Lan-1, 60 seeds from the F2 generation were collected;

(Ziang-Bai-Hua-Jie-Lan X Si-Ye-Zao-Jie-Lan) x Zou-Ye-Zao-Jie-Lan, 60 seeds were collected;

(Pu-Tong-Jie-is -1 × copper-Fang-Jian-Jie-field) × F ₁ (Xiang-steel-by-Hua-Jie-column × when - for-Zao-Jie-field) F _1, 60 seeds were collected;

(Xian-gang-bai-hua-jie-lan X Pu-tong-jie-lan-1) F ₁ × (Xian-gang-jong-hua X Dong-fang-Jian-jie-lan) F ₁ , 50 Seeds were collected;

(Tsu-hua-jie-lan × Zhou-Ye-Zao-jie-lan) F ₁ × (Her-Tan-Jie-lan × Zhou-Ye-tsu-Jie-lan) F ₁ , 50 seeds were collected. ;

(Thai-Wang-Jong-Hua × Jong-Tsu-Jie-Lan) F ₁ × (Jong-Hua-Jie-Ran × Shi-Ye-Zao-Jie-Lan) F ₁ , 60 seeds were collected.

Seeds collected in the hybridization were all sown in fields to yield 340 individual crops. In the next generation, 10 crops were grown in one row for each crop lineage and a total of 340 rows in all crop lines. Two seeds were collected from each crop. In later generations, ten or more self-crossed crops were maintained for each crop lineage and self-crossed over several generations for stabilization. 1800 fine crops are selected from about 3400 stable individual crops to form a basic population, and JL1, JL2, JL3, JL4,... … Numbered JL1800.

3. Composition of colony varieties and seed production methods

After evaluating the baseline population, 20 single-genic lines were selected from the 1800 crop lineages of the baseline population with consistent growth duration, height of crops, and leaf color. After cultivation once more in the field to confirm their performance, colony varieties or group varieties JTJL were constructed. This includes the following components: JL9, JL20 (strongly resistant), JL27, JL49, JL56, JL58, JL89 (strongly resistant), JL154, JL245, JL353, JL467, JL569, JL896, JL910, JL1216, JL1202 (strong) Resistance), JL1413, JL1521 and JL1728 (strong resistance).

Performance of colony varieties JTJL: The period until the first harvest date is 38 days, the crop is 30 cm tall, and the yield is more than 20% for the same grade varieties.

Seed production method

1. The 20 crop lines mentioned above were bred individually. These seeds were mixed in equal proportions to form a cultivation formulation.

2. If colony varieties grow in areas with severe disease, the amount of seed from crop lines with strong resistance to disease should be increased for better resistance.

3. The mixing ratio can be changed according to the specific requirements for certain properties. In order to maintain stability of colony varieties in character, the altered amounts and adjusted proportions must be recorded accurately and strictly so that the same colony can be produced in the same way in the next generation of seed production.

4. In a manner similar to that mentioned above, other colony varieties with some special characteristics or specific breeding purposes can be developed from the basic population. Dozens or hundreds of colonies or group varieties with special characteristics can be developed from the base population.

5. The first crop lines of colonies in the basic population are examined for identification and verification of seeds in seed production.

Example 9 Construction of Basic Populations and Seed Production of Agronomic Crops

1. Test material: potato

Zhong-shu 3, Zhong-shu 4, Chun-shu 3, Chun-shu 4, An-shu 56, Chuan-yu-Zhao zao, Ning-shu 5, Qing-shu 168, Zao-Da-Bai.

2. How the basic population is constructed

(Jong-Shu 3 × Chun-Shu 4) × Chuan-Yu-Zhao, 600 hybrid seeds were collected;

(Song-Shoe 4 × Chun-Shoe 3) × An-Shoe 56, 600 hybrid seeds were collected;

(Ning-Shoe 5 × Ching-Shoe 168) × Zao-da-Bai, 600 hybrid seeds were collected.

Seeds collected in the hybridization were all sown in fields to obtain 1800 asexual breeding lines. Form a basic population directly from them, and MLS1, MLS2, MLS3, MLS4,... … Numbered MLS1800.

3. Composition of colony varieties and seed production methods

After evaluating the base population, 12 single-genic lines were selected from the 1800 clone lines of the base population with consistent growth duration and height of crop. After cultivation once more in the field to confirm their performance, they constituted colony or group varieties JTMLS. This includes the following components: MLS20 (strong resistance), MLS59, MLS89 (strong resistance), MLS158, MLS245, MLS353, MLS569, MLS896, MLS1256 (strong resistance), MLS1416, MLS1565 and MLS1798 (strong resistance).

Performance of colony cultivar JTMLS: growth period was 95 days, crop height was about 75 cm, and yield was at least 27% for potato varieties with similar growth periods.

Seed production method

1. Twelve clone systems selected as described above were separately propagated and their potato seed ingredients were mixed in equal proportions to form a cultivation formulation.

2. When colony varieties grow in areas with severe disease, increase the amount of cloned potato seed stocks that are resistant to disease for better resistance.

3. The mixing ratio can be changed according to the specific requirements for certain properties. In order to maintain the stability of the colony varieties in character, the altered amounts and adjusted ratios must be recorded accurately and strictly so that the same colony varieties can be produced in the same way in the next generation of potato seed production.

4. In a manner similar to that mentioned above, other colony varieties with some special characteristics or specific breeding purposes can be developed from the basic population. Dozens or hundreds of colonies or group varieties with special characteristics can be developed from the base population.

5. The first clone strains of colony varieties in the basic population are examined for identification and verification in potato seed raw material production.

Claims (11)

Depending on the phenotype, colony varieties of crops are composed of single-genetic varieties, hybrid combinations or mixtures of these varieties and combinations from a base population whose main characteristics are consistent, uniform and share specific breeding objectives. and, Breeding the single-genic variety or hybrid combination separately; Comprising mixing these seeds in specific proportions according to the breeding purpose to form a cultivating agent, Composition and production of colony varieties of crops. The method of claim 1, The colony of crops, characterized in that the single-genetic variety is a stable single-genetic breeding line selected from the results of single cross, double cross, triple cross, complex cross or backcross under the same conditions according to its crop type and growth period. Variety composition and method of production. The method of claim 1, A method for constructing and producing a colony variety of crops, characterized in that said basic population is the result of a stable single-genetic hybridization by the single or plural hybridization methods mentioned below: (1) hybrid crosses, including single, double, triple and recurrent crosses, (2) various introgression, (3) various circulation choices, (4) using a part or all of the stable single-gene crops as a basic population among the hybridization products produced by the methods (1) to (3) above, (5) how to utilize F1 hybrid combinations as base population, (6) a method of utilizing, as a basic population, a part or all of a single-genetic crop that is stable in the basic population produced by the methods (1) to (5) above; (7) in the case of an abundant breeding crop, a method of selecting a clone line produced by the method (1) to (6) as a basic population, and (8) A method in which the number of parent strains constituting the basic population is in the range of 2 to 10000. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, Wherein said crop comprises self-pollinating crops, often-cross-pollinating crops and asexual propagation crops. The method of claim 3, wherein A method for constructing and producing colony varieties of crops, characterized in that the self-pollinating crops include rice, peanuts, wheat, soybeans or tomatoes. The method of claim 3, wherein The saponified moisture crop is rape, cotton, chili pepper, flowering Chinese cabbage , Brassica campestris L. ssp. Chinensis var. utilis Tsen, et, Lee), eggplant or mustard cabbage (cabbage mustard), characterized in that the population varieties composition and production method of the crop. The method of claim 3, wherein The method for producing and producing colony varieties of crops, characterized in that the asexual breeding crops include potatoes, sweet potatoes, pitahaya, rose or camellia. The method of claim 1, For each stable mono-genetic crop line, hybrid combination or clone line in the base population, determine or assess their key characteristics according to the requirements for breeding purpose and uniformity, and as a result lines or combinations that share similar phenotypes It consists of a single colony varieties, and thus constitutes a variety of colony varieties, each colony varieties comprising from 2 to 10,000 genotype, the colony breed composition and production method of the crop. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, A method for constructing and producing a colony variety of crops, characterized in that the single-genetic crop lineage in the colony variety is separately propagated, and the seeds thereof are mixed in a specific ratio to form a cultivation agent. The method according to any one of claims 1, 2, 3, 7, and 8, Colony varieties of crops, characterized in that the colony varieties finally adopted for production include between 2 and 10,000 genotypes, and the genetic diversity within the colonies is detected through polymorphism of the colony varieties within molecular markers. And production method. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, A method for constructing and producing colony varieties of crops, characterized by developing single-genetic commercial varieties through pedigree selection or asexual reproduction from multi-genetic colony varieties.