KR20080018428A - A exhaust gas reduction structure for engine starting in rich vapor condition - Google Patents

A exhaust gas reduction structure for engine starting in rich vapor condition Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20080018428A
KR20080018428A KR1020060080511A KR20060080511A KR20080018428A KR 20080018428 A KR20080018428 A KR 20080018428A KR 1020060080511 A KR1020060080511 A KR 1020060080511A KR 20060080511 A KR20060080511 A KR 20060080511A KR 20080018428 A KR20080018428 A KR 20080018428A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
gas
canister
engine
way valve
vehicle
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KR1020060080511A
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Korean (ko)
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류부열
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현대자동차주식회사
기아자동차주식회사
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Priority to KR1020060080511A priority Critical patent/KR20080018428A/en
Publication of KR20080018428A publication Critical patent/KR20080018428A/en

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0836—Arrangement of valves controlling the admission of fuel vapour to an engine, e.g. valve being disposed between fuel tank or absorption canister and intake manifold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0854—Details of the absorption canister
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/089—Layout of the fuel vapour installation

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)

Abstract

An exhaust gas reduction structure for engine-starting in rich vapor condition is provided to reduce noxious ingredients of exhausted gas of a car by flowing vapor gas mixed with external air in an engine intake in case that the density of vapor gas of a car is high. An exhaust gas reduction structure for engine-starting in rich vapor gas condition includes a gas sensor(10), a mix chamber(20), a 3-way valve(30), and a control unit(40). The gas sensor measures density of vapor gas exhausted from a canister(2). The mix chamber mixes external air with HC gas exhausted from the canister and discharges the mixed gas to an engine intake(3). The 3-way valve is connected to an air inlet, the canister, and the mix chamber and exhausts air flowing from the outside by external control to the canister or the mix chamber. The control valve controls the exhaust direction of the 3-way valve according to a signal of the gas sensor.

Description

차량의 냉간 시동시 배기 가스 저감 구조{A exhaust gas reduction structure for engine starting in rich vapor condition}A exhaust gas reduction structure for engine starting in rich vapor condition

도 1은 자동차 배출가스의 종류별 비율을 나타내는 도면.1 is a view showing a ratio by type of automobile exhaust gas.

도 2는 현재 증발가스 저감기술로 이용되고 있는 캐니스터와 연료 탱크를 포함한 증가가스 계통의 시스템도.FIG. 2 is a system diagram of an increased gas system including a canister and a fuel tank currently being used as an evaporative gas abatement technique. FIG.

도 3은 차량 엔진의 연료 혼합비와 유해가스와의 관계를 나타내는 도면.3 is a diagram showing a relationship between a fuel mixing ratio of a vehicle engine and harmful gases;

도 4는 본 발명에 의한 차량의 냉간 시동시 배기 가스 저감 구조의 일실시예의 구성을 나타내는 도면으로서, 냉간 시동시의 동작 상태를 나타내는 도면. 4 is a view showing the configuration of an embodiment of the exhaust gas reduction structure during cold start of the vehicle according to the present invention, showing an operating state during cold start.

도 5는 본 발명에 의한 차량의 냉간 시동시 배기 가스 저감 구조의 일반적인 상태의 동작 상태를 나타내는 도면. 5 is a view showing an operating state of a general state of the exhaust gas reducing structure during cold start of the vehicle according to the present invention.

-도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호설명-Code descriptions for the main parts of the drawings

10 : 가스 센서 20 : 연료 탱크10 gas sensor 20 fuel tank

30 : 3 웨이 밸브 40 : 제어부30: 3 way valve 40: control unit

본 발명은 차량의 시동 장치에 관한 것으로서, 특히 차량의 캐니스터에서 배출되는 연료 증발 가스의 농도를 측정하고 농도가 높은 경우에는 외부의 공기와 혼합하여 엔진 인테이크로 유입되도록 하여 많은 양의 증발가스가 일시에 엔진 인테이크로 유입되는 것을 방지하여 차량의 냉간시동시에도 자동차 배출 가스의 유해 성분이 저감되도록 하는 차량의 냉간 시동시 배기 가스 저감 구조에 관한 것이다. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a starting device of a vehicle, and in particular, measures a concentration of fuel evaporated gas discharged from a canister of a vehicle and, when the concentration is high, mixes with external air to enter the engine intake so that a large amount of evaporated gas temporarily The present invention relates to a structure for reducing exhaust gas during cold start of a vehicle, which prevents inflow into the engine intake and thus reduces harmful components of vehicle exhaust gas even during cold start of the vehicle.

도 1은 자동차 배출가스의 종류별 비율을 나타내는 도면으로서, 차량의 엔진측에서 미연소로 나오는 블로바이가스, 배기계를 통하여 나오는 배기가스, 연료저장계통에서 연료가 증발하여 나오는 HC 가스가 있다. FIG. 1 is a view showing ratios of vehicle exhaust gases according to types, and includes blow-by gas that is unburned from an engine side of a vehicle, exhaust gas that is emitted through an exhaust system, and HC gas that evaporates fuel from a fuel storage system.

블로바이가스는 엔진의 압축행정 및 동력행정 등에서 피스톤 실린더 사이의 간극을 통하여 혼합기나 미연소가스, 연소 가스가 크랭크 실로 유입되는 가스를 말한다. 블로바이가스의 조성은 대부분이 미연 탄화수소이고 나머지는 연소가스 및 불완전 연소된 혼합가스로 구성되어 있다. The blow-by gas refers to a gas into which a mixer, unburned gas, and combustion gas flow into the crank chamber through the gap between the piston cylinders in the compression stroke and the power stroke of the engine. Blowby gas is composed mostly of unburned hydrocarbons and the remainder is composed of combustion gas and incompletely burned mixed gas.

대부분의 배기가스는 3원 촉매를 통하여 대부분이 무해한 질소와 수증기로 바뀌어 나오지만 블로바이가스와 증발가스의 경우 아무런 여과 없이 나오는 것을 알 수 있다.Most of the exhaust gas is converted to harmless nitrogen and water vapor through the three-way catalyst, but it can be seen that the blow-by gas and the boil-off gas come out without any filtering.

이러한 가스들은 대기의 오염원이 되므로 강제적으로 흡기계로 도입하여 다시 연소실로 보내서 연소시키는 블로바이가스(blow-by gas) 환원장치(Positive Crankcase Ventilation 장치)를 차량에 설치하여 사용하고 있다. Since these gases are pollutants of the atmosphere, a blow-by gas reducing device (Positive Crankcase Ventilation device) is introduced into the vehicle and forcedly introduced into the intake system and sent to the combustion chamber for combustion.

이에 증발가스와 블로바이가스 저감기술로 현재 캐니스터와 재순환 장치가 많이 사용되고 있으며, 가스 중에는 다량의 탄화수소(HC)를 포함하여 대기의 오염원이 되므로 강제적으로 흡기계로 도입하여 다시 연소실로 보내서 연소시키는 블로바이가스 환원장치가 설치되어 있다. The canister and the recirculation device are widely used as the technology to reduce the evaporation gas and the blow-by gas, and the gas contains a large amount of hydrocarbons (HC) and thus becomes a source of air pollution. A bigas reduction device is installed.

도 2는 현재 증발가스 저감기술로 이용되고 있는 캐니스터와 연료 탱크를 포함한 증가가스 계통의 시스템도로서, 주차중이나 정차중에 연료 탱크(1)로부터 발생한 증발가스(탄화수소)는 캐니스터(2)에 흡착되어 저장되고, 이후 배출되어 걸러진 공기는 에어필터를 거쳐 대기로 나가게 된다. FIG. 2 is a system diagram of an increased gas system including a canister and a fuel tank which are currently used as an evaporation gas reducing technology, in which the boil-off gas (hydrocarbon) generated from the fuel tank 1 is parked or stopped at the canister 2. The stored air is then discharged and filtered out through the air filter to the atmosphere.

엔진 시동시에는 엔진 인테이크(3)의 부압을 이용하여 캐니스터(2)에 포집된 증발가스를 탈착시켜 엔진으로 보내 연소시키게 된다. When the engine is started, the boil-off gas collected in the canister 2 is desorbed by using the negative pressure of the engine intake 3 to be sent to the engine for combustion.

그러나, 차량의 냉간 시동시 엔진 측의 연료가 액화된 상태로 있고 연료탱크에서 주차중에 캐니스터에 포집된 증발가스가 바로 엔진 시동시 영향을 미쳐 연료/공기의 혼합비가 농후해지고, 촉매 장치의 작동온도까지 올라가지 못했을 때 자동차의 배출가스의 양이 증가되는 문제점이 있었다. However, during cold start of the vehicle, the fuel on the engine side is liquefied, and the boil-off gas collected in the canister during the parking in the fuel tank immediately affects the engine starting, resulting in a rich fuel / air mixing ratio and operating temperature of the catalytic device. There was a problem that the amount of exhaust gas of the car is increased when not up to.

도 3은 차량 엔진의 연료 혼합비와 유해가스와의 관계를 나타내는 도면으로서, 일정혼합비 일 때 탄화수소와 일산화탄소량이 급격하게 줄어들고 질소 산화물이 올라가는 것을 나타내고 있다. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the fuel mixing ratio of the vehicle engine and the harmful gas, and shows that the amount of hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide decreases rapidly and the nitrogen oxides increase when the mixing ratio is constant.

질소 산화물은 삼원 촉매에 의해 물과 질소로 분해할 수 있으나, 탄화 수소와 일산화탄소는 분해 보다는 생성량 자체를 줄이는 것이 근원적인 방법이므로 이에 대한 기술을 필요로 하였다. Nitrogen oxides can be decomposed into water and nitrogen by three-way catalysts, but hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide were required to reduce their production amount rather than decomposition.

본 발명은 상기한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 안출된 것으로서, 차량의 캐니스터에서 많은 양의 증발가스가 일시에 엔진 인테이크로 유입되는 것을 방지하여 차량의 냉간시동시에도 자동차 배출 가스의 유해 성분이 저감되도록 하는 차량의 냉간 시동시 배기 가스 저감 구조를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다. The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, to prevent a large amount of evaporated gas from the canister of the vehicle to be temporarily introduced into the engine intake to reduce the harmful components of the vehicle exhaust gas even during cold start of the vehicle An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas reduction structure during cold start of a vehicle.

도 4는 본 발명에 의한 차량의 냉간 시동시 배기 가스 저감 구조의 일실시예의 구성을 나타내는 도면으로서, 연료 탱크(1)로부터 발생한 증발가스를 캐니스터(2)에 저장한 후 엔진에 유입시켜 엔진 동작에 사용되도록 하는 차량 시동 구조에 있어서, 캐니스터(2)에서 방출되는 증발 가스의 농도를 측정하는 가스 센서(10), 외부의 공기와 캐니스터(2)에서 방출되는 HC 가스를 혼합하여 엔진 인테이크(3) 측으로 방출하는 믹스 챔버(20), 공기 흡입구(4), 캐니스터(2) 및 믹스 챔버(20)에 연결되어 외부의 제어에 의해 외부에서 유입되는 공기를 캐니스터(2) 또는 믹스 챔버(20)로 배출하는 3 웨이 밸브(30), 상기 가스 센서(10)의 측정 신호에 따라 상기 3 웨이 밸브(30)의 유출 방향을 제어하는 제어부(40)로 구성되어 있음을 도시하고 있다. 4 is a view showing the configuration of an embodiment of the exhaust gas reduction structure during cold start of the vehicle according to the present invention, the engine operation by storing the evaporated gas generated from the fuel tank (1) in the canister (2) after flowing into the engine In the vehicle starting structure to be used in the engine, the gas sensor 10 for measuring the concentration of the evaporated gas discharged from the canister 2, the engine intake (3) by mixing the outside air and HC gas discharged from the canister (2) Connected to the mix chamber 20, the air inlet 4, the canister 2, and the mix chamber 20 to discharge to the canister 2 or the mix chamber 20. It is shown that it is composed of a three-way valve 30 to discharge to the control unit 40 for controlling the outflow direction of the three-way valve 30 in accordance with the measurement signal of the gas sensor 10.

상기한 실시예를 도면을 참조하여 설명하면 다음과 같다. The above embodiment will be described with reference to the drawings.

차량의 연료 탱크(1)에서 발생되는 연료 증발 가스는 캐니스터(2) 측으로 유입되고, 유입된 증발 가스는 필터에 의해 걸러진 후 배출되어 3 웨이 밸브(30)로 배출되거나, 믹스 챔버(20)로 직접 배출된다. The fuel evaporation gas generated from the fuel tank 1 of the vehicle flows into the canister 2 side, and the introduced evaporation gas is filtered by the filter and then discharged and discharged to the 3-way valve 30, or to the mix chamber 20. Discharged directly.

이때 캐니스터(2)에서 믹스 챔버(20)로 증발 가스가 배출되는 경로상에는 가스 센서(10)가 설치되어 있어, 캐니스터(2)에서 믹스 챔버(20)로 방출되는 증발 가스의 농도를 측정한다. 가스 센서(10)는 증발 가스의 농도를 측정하고 측정된 값에 해당하는 신호를 출력하여 제어부(40)로 입력되도록 한다. At this time, the gas sensor 10 is installed on the path through which the evaporated gas is discharged from the canister 2 to the mix chamber 20, and the concentration of the evaporated gas emitted from the canister 2 to the mix chamber 20 is measured. The gas sensor 10 measures the concentration of the evaporated gas and outputs a signal corresponding to the measured value to be input to the controller 40.

가스 센서(10)의 신호를 입력받은 제어부(40)는 캐니스터(2)에서 배출되는 가스의 농도에 따라 3 웨이 밸브(30)의 가스 배출 경로가 제어되도록 제어 신호를 출력한다. The controller 40 receiving the signal of the gas sensor 10 outputs a control signal so that the gas discharge path of the 3-way valve 30 is controlled according to the concentration of the gas discharged from the canister 2.

제어부(40)에 의한 3 웨이 밸브(30)의 제어는 다음과 같다. Control of the three-way valve 30 by the control unit 40 is as follows.

차량의 냉간 시동시에는 캐니스터(2)의 내부에 많은 증발 가스가 포함되어 있어 엔진으로 공급되는 혼합기의 혼합비가 농후해지므로, 이러한 상태에서 엔진이 시동되면 배출 가스에 포함되는 일산화탄소와 탄화수소의 양이 증가되므로 혼합비를 좀더 희박하게 할 필요가 있게 된다. During the cold start of the vehicle, a large amount of evaporating gas is contained in the canister 2, so that the mixing ratio of the mixer supplied to the engine is rich. Therefore, when the engine is started in this state, the amount of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons contained in the exhaust gas is increased. As it increases, the mixing ratio needs to be made thinner.

따라서, 캐니스터(2)에서 믹스 챔버(20) 측으로 배출되는 증발 가스의 농도를 측정하는 가스 센서(10)는 측정된 값에 해당하는 신호를 출력하게 되고, 이때 출력되는 측정 신호를 입력받은 제어부(40)는 입력받은 신호에 의해 증발 가스의 농도가 높은 것으로 판단되면 공기 흡입구(4)를 통해 외부에서 유입되는 공기가 믹스 챔버(20)로 유입되도록 3 웨이 밸브(30)를 제어하게 된다. Therefore, the gas sensor 10 for measuring the concentration of the evaporated gas discharged from the canister 2 to the mixing chamber 20 outputs a signal corresponding to the measured value, and at this time, a control unit receiving the measured signal output ( 40 determines that the concentration of the evaporating gas is high by the input signal, thereby controlling the three-way valve 30 to allow the air introduced from the outside through the air inlet 4 to enter the mix chamber 20.

따라서, 외부에서 유입되는 공기가 3 웨이 밸브(30)를 통해 믹스 챔버(20)로 유입되고, 믹스 챔버(20)에서 증발 가스와 혼합되어 엔진 인테이크(3) 측으로 배출 되므로 차량 엔진에 공급되는 연료 혼합기는 농후하지 않게 된다. Therefore, the air flowing from the outside is introduced into the mixing chamber 20 through the three-way valve 30, mixed with the evaporated gas in the mixing chamber 20 is discharged to the engine intake (3) side, the fuel supplied to the vehicle engine The mixer is not thick.

차량의 엔진이 시동된 후, 촉매 장치의 작동 온도까지 엔진의 온도가 상승되면 기존의 산소 센서와 엔진 온도 센서를 이용하여 도 5에 도시되어 있는 바와 같이 3 웨이 밸브(30)에서 캐니스터(2)로 공기를 보내는 기존의 방식과 동일한 방식으로 증발 가스를 재연소시키게 된다. After the engine of the vehicle is started, when the temperature of the engine is raised to the operating temperature of the catalytic device, the canister 2 is operated at the three-way valve 30 as shown in FIG. 5 using an existing oxygen sensor and an engine temperature sensor. The evaporative gas is reburned in the same way as conventional methods of sending air to the furnace.

상기와 같이 구성된 본 발명은, 차량의 캐니스터에서 배출되는 연료 증발 가스의 농도를 측정하고 농도가 높은 경우에는 외부의 공기와 혼합하여 엔진 인테이크로 유입되도록 하여 많은 양의 증발가스가 일시에 엔진 인테이크로 유입되는 것을 방지하여 차량의 냉간시동시에도 자동차 배출 가스의 유해 성분이 저감되도록 하는 효과가 있다. The present invention configured as described above, by measuring the concentration of the fuel evaporated gas discharged from the canister of the vehicle, when the concentration is high to mix with the outside air to enter the engine intake a large amount of evaporated gas into the engine intake at once By preventing the inflow of the harmful components of the vehicle exhaust gas is reduced even during cold start of the vehicle.

Claims (1)

연료 탱크(1)로부터 발생한 증발가스를 캐니스터(2)에 저장한 후 엔진에 유입시켜 엔진 동작에 사용되도록 하는 차량 시동 구조에 있어서, 캐니스터(2)에서 방출되는 증발 가스의 농도를 측정하는 가스 센서(10), 외부의 공기와 캐니스터(2)에서 방출되는 HC 가스를 혼합하여 엔진 인테이크(3) 측으로 방출하는 믹스 챔버(20), 공기 흡입구(4), 캐니스터(2) 및 믹스 챔버(20)에 연결되어 외부의 제어에 의해 외부에서 유입되는 공기를 캐니스터(2) 또는 믹스 챔버(20)로 배출하는 3 웨이 밸브(30), 상기 가스 센서(10)의 측정 신호에 따라 상기 3 웨이 밸브(30)의 유출 방향을 제어하는 제어부(40)를 포함하여 구성되는 것을 특징으로 하는 차량의 냉간 시동시 배기 가스 저감 구조. In a vehicle starting structure in which the evaporated gas generated from the fuel tank 1 is stored in the canister 2 and then flowed into the engine to be used for engine operation, a gas sensor for measuring the concentration of the evaporated gas emitted from the canister 2. 10, the mix chamber 20, the air inlet 4, the canister 2 and the mix chamber 20 to mix the outside air and HC gas emitted from the canister 2 to discharge to the engine intake (3) side It is connected to the three-way valve 30 for discharging the air flowing from the outside by the external control to the canister (2) or the mixing chamber 20, the three-way valve in accordance with the measurement signal of the gas sensor ( And a control unit (40) for controlling the outflow direction of the vehicle (30).
KR1020060080511A 2006-08-24 2006-08-24 A exhaust gas reduction structure for engine starting in rich vapor condition KR20080018428A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170058800A1 (en) * 2015-09-01 2017-03-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method to determine canister load
CN113803192A (en) * 2021-09-18 2021-12-17 戴胜汽车科技（苏州）有限公司 Vehicle-mounted active carbon tank desorption system of fuel system

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20170058800A1 (en) * 2015-09-01 2017-03-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method to determine canister load
US10202914B2 (en) * 2015-09-01 2019-02-12 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method to determine canister load
CN113803192A (en) * 2021-09-18 2021-12-17 戴胜汽车科技（苏州）有限公司 Vehicle-mounted active carbon tank desorption system of fuel system

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