KR20080001971A - Device for controlling the visual angle and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A viewing angle adjusting apparatus and a manufacturing method thereof are provided to enable an output image to be overlapped as light incident through the side of a partition wall is reflected or transmitted when refractive indexes of liquid crystal and the partition wall becomes different by a vertical electric field formed between upper and lower panels, thereby preventing the leakage of information in the side direction of an LCD panel. A viewing angle adjusting apparatus(100) comprises an upper panel(110), a lower panel(130), and a partition wall(150). The lower panel is attached to the upper panel with liquid crystal(170). The partition wall is formed between the upper panel and the lower panel to form a space for filling the liquid crystal. The liquid crystal and the partition wall have the same or different refractive indexes according to a vertical electric field(E) formed between the upper and lower panels.

Description

Device for controlling the visual angle and method

1 is a cross-sectional view of a view angle adjusting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a view for explaining a phenomenon in which a part of the incident light is transmitted or reflected on the boundary surface by the difference in refractive index between the partition wall and the liquid crystal according to the present invention.

3 is a diagram illustrating a case where light emitted from a pixel according to the present invention is mixed with each other on an optical path;

4 shows an overlapping image observed from the side by the viewing angle adjusting device according to the present invention.

5 is a view for explaining a phenomenon that all incident light is transmitted on the interface by the same refractive index of the partition and the liquid crystal according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a case where light emitted from a pixel according to the present invention according to the present invention does not cross color on an optical path; FIG.

Figure 7 is a view of the non-overlapping image observed from the side by the viewing angle adjusting device according to the present invention.

8a to 8f is a manufacturing process diagram of the viewing angle adjusting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a cross-sectional view of a view angle adjusting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention;

10a to 10f is a manufacturing process diagram of the viewing angle adjusting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

11 is a cross-sectional view of a viewing angle adjusting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention;

12a to 12h is a manufacturing process diagram of the viewing angle adjusting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

         <Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100, 200, 300: viewing angle adjusting device 110, 210, 310: the upper panel

112, 212, 312: upper substrates 114, 214, 314: transparent electrodes

       116, 216, 316: upper alignment layer 130, 230, 330: lower panel

       132, 232, 332: lower substrate 136, 236, 336: lower alignment layer

       134, 234, 334: common electrode 150, 250, 350: partition wall

       170, 270, 370: liquid crystal 190, 290, 390: sealing agent

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a viewing angle adjusting device and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a viewing angle adjusting device and a method of manufacturing the same, capable of overlapping an image output in a lateral direction of a liquid crystal display panel.

Recently, with the arrival of the information society, the importance of an image display device that performs dynamics as a transmission medium for providing various information to users is emphasized more than ever.

The cathode ray tube or the cathode ray tube, which has been the mainstream of such an image display device, has a problem of weight and volume, and various kinds of flat panel displays have been developed to solve such problems. have.

The flat panel display device includes a liquid crystal display (LCD), a field emission display (FED), a plasma display panel (PDP) and an electroluminescence (EL). Most of these are commercially available and commercially available.

Among these, liquid crystal display devices can satisfy the trend of light and short and short of electronic products and have improved mass productivity, and are rapidly replacing cathode ray tubes or CRTs in many applications.

In particular, an active matrix type liquid crystal display device that drives a liquid crystal cell using a thin film transistor (hereinafter referred to as "TFT") has the advantages of excellent image quality and low power consumption, and secures the latest mass production technology. As a result of research and development, it is rapidly developing into larger size and higher resolution.

The liquid crystal display device as described above displays an image by adjusting the light transmittance of the liquid crystal using an electric field. Such liquid crystal display devices are classified into vertical electric field types and horizontal electric field types according to the direction of the electric field for driving the liquid crystal.

In the vertical field type liquid crystal display, the common electrode formed on the upper substrate and the pixel electrode formed on the lower substrate face each other to drive the liquid crystal of TN (Twisted Nemastic) mode by the vertical electric field formed therebetween. Such a vertical field type liquid crystal display device has a large aperture ratio, but has a narrow viewing angle of about 90 degrees.

In a horizontal field type liquid crystal display, a liquid crystal in an in-plane switch (hereinafter referred to as IPS) mode is driven by a horizontal electric field between a pixel electrode and a common electrode arranged side by side on a lower substrate. The horizontal field type liquid crystal display device has a disadvantage in that the aperture ratio is small, while having a wide viewing angle of about 160 degrees.

Conventionally, as a method of adjusting the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device as the wide viewing angle or the narrow viewing angle as described above, the optical path changing method for condensing / diffusion using PDLC or the like on the focused B / L and the CR or luminance of the LC panel itself Techniques for proposing a viewing angle range have been applied.

However, when the above-described viewing angle adjustment method is applied to a liquid crystal display device, there is a problem of causing optical loss or loss of resolution / erection / CR.

In addition, when the above-described viewing angle adjusting method is used alone, there is a limit in adjusting the viewing angle in the lateral direction of the liquid crystal display, which may expose the output image or text to a third party.

In order to solve the conventional problems as described above, it is an object of the present invention to provide a viewing angle adjusting device and a method of manufacturing the same that can adjust the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display without causing optical loss.

In addition, the present invention is to provide a viewing angle adjusting device and a method of manufacturing the same that can overlap the image output in the lateral direction of the liquid crystal display panel to prevent information leakage in the lateral direction.

In order to achieve the above object, the viewing angle adjusting device of the liquid crystal display panel according to the present invention, the upper panel; A lower panel bonded to the upper panel with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween; And a partition wall formed between the upper panel and the lower panel to fill the liquid crystal, and the refractive indexes of the liquid crystal and the partition wall have the same or different refractive index according to the vertical electric field formed between the upper and lower panels.

Here, when the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the partition wall are equal by the vertical electric field formed between the upper and lower panels, the normal image is output as all the light incident through the side surface of the partition wall is transmitted.

In addition, when the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the partition wall are different due to the vertical electric field formed between the upper and lower panels, the output image overlaps as the light incident through the side surface of the partition wall is reflected and transmitted.

The upper panel according to the present invention is formed on the upper substrate, the upper substrate and formed on the transparent electrode to form a vertical electric field for changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal, and the alignment groove formed on the transparent electrode and the alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal. And an upper alignment layer.

Here, the transparent electrode is characterized in that formed entirely on the upper substrate.

The lower panel according to the present invention comprises a lower substrate, a common electrode formed on the lower substrate and forming a common potential, and a lower alignment layer formed on an entire surface on the common electrode and having an alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal. It is done.

Here, the common electrode is characterized in that the entire surface formed on the lower substrate.

Orientation grooves formed on the upper and lower panels according to the present invention is characterized in that formed in the same direction with each other.

The viewing angle adjusting device of the liquid crystal display panel according to the present invention, the upper panel; A lower panel bonded to the upper panel with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween; And a partition wall formed between the upper panel and the lower panel to fill the liquid crystal, and the refractive indexes of the liquid crystal and the partition wall have the same or different refractive index according to the horizontal electric field formed on the lower panel.

Here, when the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the partition wall are equal by the horizontal electric field formed on the lower panel, the normal image is output as all the light incident through the side surface of the partition wall is transmitted.

When the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the partition wall are different due to the horizontal electric field formed on the lower panel, the output image is overlapped as the light incident through the side surface of the partition wall is reflected and transmitted.

The upper panel according to the present invention is characterized in that it comprises an upper alignment layer formed on the upper substrate and the upper substrate and formed with an alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal.

The lower panel according to the present invention is formed on the lower substrate and the lower substrate and is formed on the transparent electrode and the common electrode and the transparent electrode and the common electrode to form a horizontal electric field to change the alignment direction of the liquid crystal, and the liquid crystal And a lower alignment layer on which the alignment grooves to be oriented are formed.

In this case, the transparent electrode and the common electrode formed on the lower substrate may be formed in an alternating shape corresponding to the position where the partition wall is formed.

The viewing angle adjusting device of the liquid crystal display panel according to the present invention, the upper panel; A lower panel bonded to the upper panel with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween; And a partition wall formed between the upper panel and the lower panel to fill the liquid crystal, and the refractive indexes of the liquid crystal and the partition wall have the same or different refractive index according to the horizontal electric field formed on the upper panel and the lower panel.

Here, when the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the partition wall are the same by horizontal electric fields formed on the upper and lower panels, the normal image is output as all the light incident through the side surface of the partition wall is transmitted.

When the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the partition wall are different due to the horizontal electric fields formed on the upper and lower panels, the output image overlaps as the light incident through the side surface of the partition wall is reflected and transmitted.

The upper panel according to the present invention is formed on the upper substrate and the upper substrate and is formed entirely on the first transparent electrode and the first common electrode and the upper substrate to form a horizontal electric field for changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal. It characterized in that it comprises a top alignment film formed with an alignment groove for aligning.

Here, the first transparent electrode and the first common electrode formed on the upper substrate may be formed in an alternating shape corresponding to the position where the partition wall is formed.

According to the present invention, a lower panel includes: a second transparent electrode and a second common electrode formed on a lower substrate and a lower substrate and forming a horizontal electric field to change the alignment direction of the liquid crystal; And a lower alignment layer formed entirely on the second transparent electrode and the second common electrode and having an alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal.

Here, the second transparent electrode and the second common electrode formed on the lower substrate may be formed in an alternating shape corresponding to the position where the partition wall is formed.

In addition, the manufacturing method of the viewing angle adjusting device of the liquid crystal display panel according to the present invention, forming a top panel; Bonding a lower panel to the upper panel with a liquid crystal interposed therebetween; And forming a partition wall formed between the upper panel and the lower panel to fill the liquid crystal, wherein the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the partition wall have the same or different refractive index depending on the vertical electric field formed between the upper panel and the lower panel. It features.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a viewing angle adjusting apparatus, the method including: forming an upper panel; forming a lower panel bonded to an upper panel with a liquid crystal therebetween; And forming a partition wall formed between the upper panel and the lower panel to fill the liquid crystal, wherein the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the partition wall have the same or different refractive index according to a horizontal electric field formed on the lower panel. do.

According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a viewing angle adjusting apparatus, the method including: forming an upper panel; forming a lower panel bonded to an upper panel with a liquid crystal therebetween; And forming a partition wall formed between the upper panel and the lower panel to fill the liquid crystal, wherein the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the partition wall have the same or different refractive indices according to horizontal electric fields formed on the upper panel and the lower panel. It is characterized by.

Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the configuration and operation of a viewing angle adjusting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a viewing angle adjusting device according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the viewing angle adjusting device 100 according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes a lower panel 130 which is bonded to the upper panel 110 with an upper panel 110 and a liquid crystal 170 interposed therebetween. And a partition wall 150 disposed between the upper and lower panels attached by the sealing agent 190 and filling the liquid crystal 170, wherein the refractive indices of the liquid crystal 170 and the partition wall 190 are upper and lower panels. It is configured to have the same or different refractive index according to the vertical electric field (E) formed between (110,130).

The upper panel 110 is entirely formed on the upper substrate 112 and the upper substrate 112, and is coated on the transparent electrode 114 and the transparent electrode 114 to which driving power is applied from the outside, and between the partition walls 150. And an upper alignment layer 116 to align the liquid crystal 170 filled in the liquid crystal 170.

Here, the transparent electrode 114 is composed of a transparent electrode material such as ITO, and generates a vertical electric field with the common electrode 134 formed on the lower panel 130 as the driving power is applied from the outside between the partition wall 150 It serves to orient the liquid crystal 170 filled in the predetermined direction.

The upper alignment layer 116 is entirely formed on the transparent electrode 114, and an alignment groove is formed to align the liquid crystal 170 filled between the partition walls 150 in a predetermined direction through a rubbing process. In this case, the alignment grooves formed in the upper alignment layer 116 are formed in the same direction as the alignment grooves of the lower alignment layer 136 formed on the lower panel 130.

Accordingly, the liquid crystals positioned between the alignment grooves of the upper and lower alignment layers 116 and 136 are all aligned in the same direction along the alignment grooves.

The lower panel 130 is entirely formed on the lower substrate 132 and the lower substrate 132 and formed on the common electrode 134 and the common electrode 134 together with the transparent electrode 114 to form a vertical electric field. The lower alignment layer 136 may be applied to orient the liquid crystal filled between the barrier ribs 150.

Here, the lower substrate 132 constituting the lower panel 130 is formed by using a separate substrate, or by using one side of the color filter substrate constituting the liquid crystal display panel, the black matrix is not formed. May be

The common electrode 134 is made of a transparent electrode material such as ITO, and generates a vertical electric field E together with the transparent electrode 114 formed on the upper panel 110 to move the liquid crystal filled between the partition walls 150 in a predetermined direction. It plays a role of changing.

The lower alignment layer 136 is entirely formed on the common electrode 134, and an alignment groove is formed to orient the liquid crystal 170 filled between the partition walls 150 through a rubbing process. In this case, the alignment grooves formed in the lower alignment layer 136 are formed in the same direction as the alignment grooves formed in the upper alignment layer 116.

The partition wall 150 is formed on one of the upper and lower panels 110 and 130 to fill the liquid crystal 170, and is formed at predetermined intervals and has a refractive index of about 1.5 (n). _c ) ultraviolet curable resin (UV resin).

At this time, the partition wall 150 is preferably composed of a vertical ratio of 5um x 10um so that the liquid crystal is driven by a vertical electric field formed between the transparent electrode 114 and the common electrode 134.

The liquid crystal 170 is filled between the partition walls 150 along the alignment grooves formed in the alignment layer and is incident by rotating in a predetermined direction by a vertical electric field E formed between the transparent electrode 114 and the common electrode 134. Serves to permeate and block it.

Here, the liquid crystal 170 has a refractive index different from the refractive index n _e in the major axis direction parallel to the optical axis and the refractive index n _o in the minor axis direction perpendicular to the 1.7 to 1.8 and 1.5 degrees, respectively.

At this time, if the major axis direction of the liquid crystal (170) oriented parallel to the alignment with the groove, as shown in Figure 2, the liquid crystal (the refractive index n _e = 1.7 ~ 1.8) with the bulkheads (refractive index n _c = 1.5) has a refractive index different from Birefringence occurs.

Accordingly, as light (a, b) is reflected and transmitted at the interface between the liquid crystal 170 and the partition wall 150 among the light emitted from the pixel, as shown in FIG. 3, one side of the light path is shown. A phenomenon in which the light reflected from the pixel of Mn is mixed with the light transmitted from the opposite pixel occurs.

As the light emitted from the adjacent pixels is mixed with each other on the optical path as described above, as shown in FIG. 4, the images displayed on the display are output in a state where they overlap with each other.

However, the light emitted from the pixel is incident on the liquid crystal 170 vertically, or the liquid crystal is generated by a vertical electric field formed between the transparent electrode 114 of the upper panel 110 and the common electrode 134 of the lower panel 130. When the orientation direction of 170 is changed so that the minor axis direction (n _o = 1.5) becomes parallel to the alignment groove, as shown in FIG. 5, the liquid crystal (refractive index n _o = 1.5) and the partition wall (refractive index n _c = 1.5) ) Has the same refractive index, so that birefringence does not occur.

Accordingly, as a phenomenon in which all light incident from adjacent pixels is transmitted at the interface between the liquid crystal 170 and the partition wall 150 occurs, as shown in FIG. 6, the light emitted from the adjacent pixels on the optical path is generated. Mixing does not occur.

As the light emitted from the adjacent pixels as described above is not mixed on the optical path, as shown in FIG. 7, the images displayed on the display are output without overlapping each other.

Hereinafter, a manufacturing process of the viewing angle adjusting device according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 8A to 8F.

As shown in FIG. 8A, the transparent electrode 114 made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO is formed on the upper substrate 112.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 8B, the upper panel 110 is finally formed by forming the entire upper alignment layer 116 having the alignment grooves for aligning the liquid crystal in a predetermined direction on the transparent electrode 114.

After the upper panel 110 is formed as described above, as shown in FIG. 8C, the common electrode 134 made of a transparent conductive material such as ITO forming a vertical electric field together with the transparent electrode on the lower substrate 132. ) To form the front. The lower substrate 132 may be formed by using a separate substrate as described above, or may be formed by using one side of the color filter substrate constituting the liquid crystal display panel in which no black matrix is formed.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8D, the lower alignment layer 136 is formed on the common electrode 134 with the alignment grooves for aligning the liquid crystal in a predetermined direction. In this case, the alignment grooves formed in the lower alignment layer 136 are formed in the same direction as the alignment grooves formed in the upper alignment layer 116.

Therefore, the liquid crystals aligned with the alignment grooves formed in the upper and lower alignment layers 116 and 136 are aligned in the same direction.

After the lower alignment layer 136 is formed as described above, as shown in FIG. 8E, the barrier ribs may be formed using UV resin having the same refractive index as the uniaxial direction of the liquid crystal 170, more specifically, about 1.5. The lower panel 130 is finally formed by forming 150.

At this time, the partition wall 150 is formed to be spaced apart a predetermined interval and is preferably composed of 5um x 10um horizontal to vertical so that the liquid crystal is driven by a low voltage.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 8F, the liquid crystal 170 is filled between the partition walls 150 while the upper and lower panels 110 and 130 are bonded to each other, and then both panels are sealed by using a sealing agent 190. Finally, the viewing angle adjuster is completed.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the viewing angle adjusting device 200 according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 9. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a viewing angle adjusting device according to another embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 9, the viewing angle adjusting device 200 according to the present invention includes an upper panel 210 and a lower panel 230 and both panels bonded to the upper panel 210 with the liquid crystal 270 therebetween. And partition walls 250 filling the liquid crystals 270, and the refractive indices of the liquid crystals 270 and the partition walls 250 are the same or different depending on the horizontal electric field E formed on the lower panel 230. It is configured to have a refractive index.

The upper panel 210 includes an upper alignment layer 216 formed on the upper substrate 212 and the upper substrate 212 and formed with an alignment layer for aligning the liquid crystal 270 filled between the partition walls 250 in a predetermined direction. It is configured by. In this case, the alignment grooves formed in the upper alignment layer 216 are formed in the same direction as the alignment grooves of the lower alignment layer 236 formed on the lower panel 230.

Accordingly, the liquid crystal molecules positioned between the upper and lower alignment layers 216 and 236 are all aligned in the same direction along the alignment grooves.

The lower panel 230 is formed on the lower substrate 232 and the lower substrate 232 at predetermined intervals, and forms a horizontal electrode 214 for forming a horizontal electric field for changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal 270. The common electrode 234, the transparent electrode 214, and the common electrode 234 are disposed on the substrate on which the entire surface is formed, and the lower alignment layer 236 to orient the liquid crystal filled between the partition walls.

Here, the lower substrate 232 constituting the lower panel 230 is formed by using a separate substrate, or by using one side of the color filter substrate constituting the liquid crystal display panel, the black matrix is not formed. May be

The transparent electrode 214 is made of a transparent electrode material such as ITO, and generates a horizontal electric field (E) together with the common electrode 234 as the driving power is applied from the outside to fill the liquid crystal 270 between the partitions 250. ) To change the orientation direction.

The lower alignment layer 236 is entirely formed on the transparent electrode 214 and the common electrode 234, and an alignment groove is formed to align the liquid crystal filled between the partition walls 250 in a predetermined direction through a rubbing process. In this case, the alignment grooves formed in the lower alignment layer 236 are formed in the same direction as the alignment grooves formed in the upper alignment layer 216.

The partition wall 250 is formed on any one of the upper panel 210 and the lower panel 230 and fills the liquid crystal 270.

Here, the barrier rib 250 is formed of a UV resin having a refractive index of about 1.5 and spaced apart by a predetermined interval, and preferably has a horizontal-to-vertical ratio of 5um X 10um so that the liquid crystal can be driven by a low voltage.

The liquid crystal 270 is filled between the partition walls 250 and rotates in a predetermined direction by a horizontal electric field formed between the transparent electrode 214 and the common electrode 234 patterned on the lower panel 230. Permeate and block.

Here, the liquid crystal 270 has a refractive index different from the refractive index n _e in the major axis direction parallel to the optical axis and the refractive index n _o in the minor axis direction perpendicular to the 1.7 to 1.8 and 1.5 degrees, respectively.

At this time, when the long axis direction of the liquid crystal 270 is aligned in parallel with the alignment groove, birefringence occurs at the interface as the liquid crystal 270 and the partition 250 (refractive index is about 1.5) have different refractive indices. do.

Therefore, at the interface between the liquid crystal 270 and the partition wall 250, the light incident from the outside is partially reflected and transmitted, and as shown in FIG. 4, the images are output on the display in a state where they overlap each other.

However, when the axial direction of the liquid crystal 270 becomes parallel to the alignment groove by the horizontal electric field formed between the transparent electrode 214 and the common electrode 234 formed on the lower panel 230, the liquid crystal 270 and the partition wall As 250 has the same refractive index, birefringence does not occur on the interface.

Therefore, as all the light incident from the outside is transmitted at the interface between the liquid crystal 270 and the partition 250, the image is output on the display without overlapping with each other as shown in FIG. 7.

Hereinafter, a manufacturing process of the viewing angle adjusting device according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 10A to 10H.

As shown in FIG. 10A, the upper panel 210 is formed by forming an entire upper alignment layer 216 having an alignment groove for aligning a liquid crystal in a predetermined direction on the upper substrate 210.

After the upper panel 210 is formed as described above, as shown in FIG. 10B, a conductive material such as ITO is entirely formed on the lower substrate 232. The lower substrate 232 may be formed by using a separate substrate as described above, or may be formed by using one side of the color filter substrate constituting the liquid crystal display panel in which no black matrix or the like is formed.

Subsequently, by performing a photolithography process and an etching process on the conductive material using a mask, as illustrated in FIG. 10C, the transparent electrodes 214 alternately spaced apart from each other by a predetermined interval on the lower substrate 230, and The common electrode 234 is formed.

In this case, the transparent electrode 214 and the common electrode 234 are formed to correspond to the position where the partition wall 250 is formed, and form a horizontal electric field by driving power applied from the outside to fill the liquid crystals filled between the partition walls 250. 270) to change the orientation direction.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 10D, the lower alignment layer 236 having the alignment grooves for aligning the liquid crystal in a predetermined direction is formed on the lower substrate 232 on which the transparent electrode 214 and the common electrode 234 are formed. do.

At this time, the alignment grooves formed in the lower alignment layer 23 are formed in the same direction as the alignment grooves formed in the upper alignment layer 216, whereby the liquid crystals 270 formed in the alignment grooves are aligned in the same direction.

After forming the lower alignment layer 236 as described above, as shown in FIG. 10E, the barrier ribs may be formed by using a UV resin having the same refractive index as the uniaxial direction of the liquid crystal 270, more specifically, about 1.5. The lower panel 230 is finally formed by forming 250.

In this case, the barrier rib 250 is formed to be spaced apart by a predetermined interval and the horizontal length is preferably composed of 5um X 10um so that the liquid crystal is driven by a low voltage.

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 10F, the liquid crystal 270 is filled between the partition walls 250 while the upper and lower panels 210 and 230 are bonded to each other, and then both panels are sealed using a sealing agent 290. By doing so, the viewing angle adjusting device 200 is finally completed.

Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of the viewing angle adjusting device 230 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 11. Here, Figure 11 is a cross-sectional view of the configuration of the viewing angle adjusting device 300 according to an embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 11, the viewing angle adjusting device 300 according to the present invention includes an upper panel 310 and a lower panel 330 bonded to the upper panel 310 with the liquid crystal 370 therebetween, and between both panels. And a partition wall 350 filling the liquid crystal 370, and the refractive indices of the liquid crystal 370 and the partition wall 350 depend on horizontal electric fields formed on the upper panel 310 and the lower panel 330, respectively. It is configured to have the same or different refractive index.

The upper panel 310 is formed on the upper substrate 312, the upper substrate 312 at a predetermined interval, and forms a horizontal electric field E for orienting the liquid crystal 370. An upper alignment layer 316 is formed on the entire surface of the first common electrode 314b and the upper substrate 310 to align the liquid crystal 370 filled between the partition walls 350.

The first transparent electrode 314a is formed of a transparent electrode material such as ITO, and generates a horizontal electric field together with the first common electrode 314b as a driving power source is applied from the outside to fill the liquid crystal filled between the partition walls 350. 370 serves to change in a predetermined direction.

An alignment groove is formed in the upper alignment layer 316 to orient the liquid crystal filled between the partition walls 350 through a rubbing process in a predetermined direction.

In this case, the alignment grooves formed in the upper alignment layer 316 are formed in the same direction as the alignment grooves of the lower alignment layer 336 formed on the lower panel 330, so that the liquid crystals 370 are all aligned in the same direction.

The lower panel 330 is formed on the lower substrate 332 and the lower substrate 332 at predetermined intervals to form a horizontal electric field for aligning the liquid crystal 370 and the second transparent electrode 334a and the second substrate. The common electrode 334b and a lower alignment layer 336 that are entirely coated on both electrodes and align the liquid crystal 370 filled between the partition walls 350 in a predetermined direction are included.

Here, the lower substrate 332 constituting the lower panel 330 is formed by using a separate substrate, or by using one side of the color filter substrate constituting the liquid crystal display panel, the black matrix is not formed. May be

The second transparent electrode 334a is made of a transparent electrode material such as ITO, and generates a horizontal electric field together with the second common electrode 334b as a driving power source is applied from the outside to fill the liquid crystal between the partitions 350. It serves to change in a predetermined direction.

In this case, the first transparent electrode 314a and the first common electrode 314b formed on the upper panel 310 and the second transparent electrode 334a and the second common electrode 334b formed on the lower panel 330 interoperate with each other. By operating to further strengthen the horizontal electric field to change the alignment direction of the liquid crystal 370.

The lower alignment layer 336 is entirely formed on both electrodes, and an alignment groove is formed to align the liquid crystal 370 filled between the partition walls 350 in a predetermined direction through a rubbing process.

In this case, as the alignment grooves formed in the lower alignment layer 336 are formed in the same direction as the alignment grooves formed in the upper alignment layer 316, the liquid crystals 370 are all aligned in the same direction along the alignment grooves.

The partition wall 350 is formed on any one of the upper panel 310 and the lower panel 330 and fills the liquid crystal 370.

Here, the barrier rib 350 is formed of a UV resin having a refractive index of about 1.5 and formed at predetermined intervals, and the aspect ratio of the barrier rib 350 may be 5 μm × 10 μm so that the liquid crystal is driven by a low voltage.

The liquid crystal 370 is filled between the partition walls 350 and between the first and second transparent electrodes 314a and 334a and the first and second common electrodes 314b and 334b patterned on the upper and lower panels 310 and 330. It serves to transmit and block the incident light by rotating in a predetermined direction by the horizontal electric field formed in the.

Here, the liquid crystal 370 has a refractive index different from the refractive index n _e in the major axis direction parallel to the optical axis and the refractive index n _o in the minor axis direction perpendicular to the 1.7 to 1.8 and 1.5 degrees, respectively.

At this time, when the long axis direction of the liquid crystal 370 is aligned in parallel with the alignment groove, the liquid crystal 370 and the partition wall 370 (refractive index is about 1.5) have different refractive indices, whereby birefringence occurs on the interface. Done.

Therefore, at the interface between the liquid crystal 370 and the partition wall 350, the light incident from the outside is partially reflected and transmitted, and as shown in FIG. 4, the images displayed on the display overlap each other.

However, when the axial direction of the liquid crystal 370 becomes parallel to the alignment groove due to the horizontal electric field formed between the transparent electrode and the common electrode formed on both panels, the liquid crystal and the partition wall have the same refractive index and birefringence occurs on the interface. It doesn't work.

Therefore, as all the light incident from the outside is transmitted from the boundary surface between the liquid crystal layer and the partition wall, the image displayed on the display is output without overlapping with each other.

Hereinafter, a manufacturing process of the viewing angle adjusting device according to another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 12A to 12H.

As shown in FIG. 12A, a conductive material such as ITO is formed on the upper substrate 312.

Subsequently, by performing a photolithography process and an etching process on the conductive material using a mask, as illustrated in FIG. 12B, the first transparent electrodes 314a are alternately disposed on the upper substrate 312 at predetermined intervals. ) And a first common electrode 314b.

In this case, the first transparent electrode 314a and the first common electrode 314b are patterned to correspond to the position where the partition wall 350 filling the liquid crystal is formed.

Then, as shown in FIG. 12C, an alignment layer 316 having an alignment groove for aligning liquid crystals in a predetermined direction is formed on the upper substrate 312 on which the first transparent electrode 314a and the first common electrode 314b are formed. The upper panel 310 is finally formed by forming the front surface.

After the upper panel is formed as described above, as shown in FIG. 12D, a conductive material such as ITO is entirely formed on the lower substrate 332. Here, the lower substrate 332 may be formed using a separate substrate, or may be formed using one side of the color filter substrate constituting the liquid crystal display panel in which no black matrix or the like is formed.

Subsequently, by performing a photolithography process and an etching process on the conductive material using a mask, as illustrated in FIG. 12E, the second transparent electrodes 334a are alternately disposed on the lower substrate 332 at predetermined intervals. ) And a second common electrode 334b.

In this case, the second transparent electrode 334a and the second common electrode 334b are formed to correspond to the position where the partition wall is formed, and form a horizontal electric field that changes the alignment direction of the liquid crystal by a driving power source applied from the outside.

In this case, the second transparent electrode 334a and the second common electrode 334b operate in cooperation with the first transparent electrode 314a and the first common electrode 314b formed on the upper panel 310 to thereby form a liquid crystal 370. It serves to further strengthen the horizontal electric field to change the orientation direction of the).

Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 12F, the lower alignment layer 336 having the alignment grooves is formed on the lower substrate 330 on which the second transparent electrode 334a and the second common electrode 334b are formed.

In this case, the alignment grooves formed in the lower alignment layer 336 are formed in the same direction as the alignment grooves formed in the upper alignment layer 316, whereby the liquid crystals 370 aligned with the alignment grooves are aligned in the same direction.

After the lower alignment layer 336 is formed as described above, as shown in FIG. 12G, the barrier ribs may be formed using UV resin having the same refractive index as the uniaxial direction of the liquid crystal 370, more specifically, about 1.5. The lower panel 330 is finally formed by forming 350.

At this time, the partition wall 350 is formed to be spaced apart a predetermined interval is preferably composed of 5um x 10um horizontal to vertical so that the liquid crystal is driven by a low voltage.

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 12H, the liquid crystal is filled between the partition walls 350 in a state in which both panels are bonded to each other, and then the viewing angle control device is finally completed by sealing the panels using a sealing agent 390. .

As described above, the present invention has an effect that the viewing angle of the liquid crystal display device can be adjusted to a wide viewing angle or a narrow viewing angle without generating light loss or the like.

In addition, the present invention has a unique effect of preventing information leakage in the lateral direction by overlapping the image output in the lateral direction of the liquid crystal display panel.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention. Therefore, the technical scope of the present invention should not be limited to the contents described in the detailed description of the specification but should be defined by the claims.

Claims (46)

In the viewing angle adjusting device which is installed in the liquid crystal display panel consisting of a thin film transistor substrate and a color filter substrate bonded together between two liquid crystals, Upper panel; A lower panel bonded to the upper panel with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween; And A partition wall formed between the upper panel and the lower panel to form a space for filling the liquid crystal, And the liquid crystal and the partition wall have the same or different refractive indices according to the vertical electric field formed between the upper and lower panels. The method of claim 1, When the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the barrier rib are the same, a normal image is output as all incident light incident through the interface between the barrier rib and the liquid crystal is transmitted. When the refractive index of the liquid crystal and the partition wall is different, the viewing angle control device, characterized in that the incident light is reflected and transmitted by the birefringence phenomenon on the boundary surface of the partition and the liquid crystal to output an overlapped image. The method of claim 1, The upper panel, An upper substrate; A transparent electrode formed on the upper substrate and forming a vertical electric field for changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal; And And an upper alignment layer formed on the transparent electrode and having an alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal. The method of claim 1, The transparent electrode is a viewing angle adjustment device, characterized in that formed on the entire upper surface. The method of claim 1, The lower panel, Lower substrate; A common electrode formed on the lower substrate and forming a common potential; And And a lower alignment layer formed on an entire surface of the common electrode and having an alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal. The method of claim 5, And the lower substrate is one side of the color filter substrate on which no black matrix or the like is formed. The method of claim 5, And the common electrode is entirely formed on the lower substrate. The method according to claim 3 or 5, And the alignment grooves are formed in the same direction as each other. In the viewing angle adjusting device which is installed in the liquid crystal display panel consisting of a thin film transistor substrate and a color filter substrate bonded together between two liquid crystals, Upper panel; A lower panel bonded to the upper panel with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween; And A partition wall formed between the upper panel and the lower panel to form a space for filling the liquid crystal, And the liquid crystal and the partition wall have the same or different refractive indices according to the horizontal electric field formed on the lower panel. The method of claim 9, When the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the barrier rib are the same, a normal image is output as all incident light incident through the interface between the barrier rib and the liquid crystal is transmitted. When the refractive index of the liquid crystal and the partition wall is different, the viewing angle control device, characterized in that the incident light is reflected and transmitted by the birefringence phenomenon on the boundary surface of the partition and the liquid crystal to output an overlapped image. The method of claim 9, The upper panel, Upper substrate; And And an upper alignment layer formed on an entire surface of the upper substrate and having an alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal. The method of claim 9, The lower panel, Lower substrate; A transparent electrode and a common electrode formed on the lower substrate and forming a horizontal electric field to change the alignment direction of the liquid crystal; And And a lower alignment layer formed on an entire surface of the transparent electrode and the common electrode and having an alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal. The method of claim 12, And the lower substrate is one side of the color filter substrate on which no black matrix or the like is formed. The method of claim 12, The transparent electrode and the common electrode is a viewing angle control device, characterized in that formed in the shape alternately corresponding to the position where the partition wall is formed. The method according to claim 11 or 12, And the alignment grooves are formed in the same direction as each other. In the viewing angle adjusting device which is installed in the liquid crystal display panel consisting of a thin film transistor substrate and a color filter substrate bonded together between two liquid crystals, Upper panel; A lower panel bonded to the upper panel with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween; And A partition wall formed between the upper panel and the lower panel to form a space for filling the liquid crystal, And the liquid crystal and the partition wall have the same or different refractive indices according to horizontal electric fields formed on the upper panel and the lower panel. The method of claim 16, When the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the barrier rib are the same, a normal image is output as all incident light incident through the interface between the barrier rib and the liquid crystal is transmitted. When the refractive index of the liquid crystal and the partition wall is different, the viewing angle control device, characterized in that the incident light is reflected and transmitted by the birefringence phenomenon on the boundary surface of the partition and the liquid crystal to output an overlapped image. The method of claim 16, The upper panel, Upper substrate; A first transparent electrode and a first common electrode formed on the upper substrate and forming a horizontal electric field to change the alignment direction of the liquid crystal; And And an upper alignment layer formed on an entire surface of the upper substrate and having an alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal. The method of claim 18, The first transparent electrode and the first common electrode is a viewing angle control device, characterized in that formed in an alternate shape corresponding to the position where the partition wall is formed. The method of claim 16, The lower panel, Lower substrate; A second transparent electrode and a second common electrode formed on the lower substrate and forming a horizontal electric field to change the alignment direction of the liquid crystal; And And a lower alignment layer formed entirely on the second transparent electrode and the second common electrode and having an alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal. The method of claim 20, And the lower substrate is one side of the color filter substrate on which no black matrix or the like is formed. The method of claim 20, The second transparent electrode and the second common electrode is a viewing angle control device, characterized in that formed in an alternate shape corresponding to the position where the partition wall is formed. The method of claim 18 or 20, And the alignment grooves are formed in the same direction as each other. In the manufacturing method of the viewing angle adjusting device which is installed in the liquid crystal display panel consisting of a thin film transistor substrate and a color filter substrate bonded to each other between two liquid crystals, Forming an upper panel; Bonding a lower panel to the upper panel with a liquid crystal interposed therebetween; And Forming a partition wall formed between the upper panel and the lower panel to form a space for filling the liquid crystal, The liquid crystal and the partition wall manufacturing method of the viewing angle control device, characterized in that having the same or different refractive index with each other by a vertical electric field formed between the upper panel and the lower panel. The method of claim 24, When the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the barrier rib are the same, a normal image is output as all incident light incident through the interface between the barrier rib and the liquid crystal is transmitted. And when the refractive indices of the liquid crystals and the partition walls are different, the incident light is reflected and transmitted through a birefringence phenomenon on the boundary surface of the partition walls and the liquid crystal to output an overlapped image. The method of claim 24, Forming the upper panel, Providing an upper substrate; Forming a transparent electrode on the upper substrate to form a vertical electric field for changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal; And And forming a front surface of the upper alignment layer having an alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal on the transparent electrode. The method of claim 26, The transparent electrode is a manufacturing method of the viewing angle adjusting device, characterized in that formed entirely on the upper substrate. The method of claim 24, Forming the lower panel, Providing a lower substrate; Forming a common electrode forming a common potential on the lower substrate; And And forming an entire surface of a lower alignment layer having an alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal on the common electrode. The method of claim 28, And the lower substrate is one side of the color filter substrate on which no black matrix or the like is formed. The method of claim 28, And the common electrode is entirely formed on the lower substrate. The method of claim 26 or 28, The alignment groove is a manufacturing method of the viewing angle adjusting device, characterized in that formed in the same direction with each other. In the manufacturing method of the viewing angle adjusting device which is installed in the liquid crystal display panel consisting of a thin film transistor substrate and a color filter substrate bonded to each other between two liquid crystals, Forming an upper panel; Forming a lower panel bonded to the upper panel with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween; And Forming a partition wall formed between the upper panel and the lower panel to form a space for filling the liquid crystal, And the liquid crystal and the partition wall have the same or different refractive indices by a horizontal electric field formed on the lower panel. The method of claim 32, When the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the barrier rib are the same, a normal image is output as all incident light incident through the interface between the barrier rib and the liquid crystal is transmitted. And when the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the partition wall are different, an incident image is reflected and transmitted by a birefringence phenomenon on the boundary surface of the partition and the liquid crystal to output an overlapped image. The method of claim 32, The upper panel forming step, Providing an upper substrate; And And forming a front surface of the upper alignment layer having an alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal on the upper substrate. The method of claim 32, The lower panel forming step, Providing a lower substrate; Forming a transparent electrode and a common electrode on the lower substrate to form a horizontal electric field for changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal; and And forming a lower alignment layer on the transparent electrode and the common electrode, the lower alignment layer forming an entire alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal. The method of claim 32, And the lower substrate is one side of the color filter substrate on which no black matrix or the like is formed. 36. The method of claim 35 wherein The transparent electrode and the common electrode is a manufacturing method of the viewing angle control device, characterized in that formed in the shape alternately corresponding to the position where the partition wall is formed. The method of claim 34 or 35, The alignment groove is a manufacturing method of the viewing angle adjusting device, characterized in that formed in the same direction with each other. In the manufacturing method of the viewing angle adjusting device which is installed in the liquid crystal display panel consisting of a thin film transistor substrate and a color filter substrate bonded to each other between two liquid crystals, Forming an upper panel; Forming a lower panel bonded to the upper panel with the liquid crystal interposed therebetween; And Forming a partition wall formed between the upper panel and the lower panel to form a space for filling the liquid crystal, Wherein the liquid crystal and the partition wall have the same or different refractive indices by respective horizontal electric fields formed on the upper panel and the lower panel. The method of claim 39, When the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the barrier rib are the same, a normal image is output as all incident light incident through the interface between the barrier rib and the liquid crystal is transmitted. And when the refractive indices of the liquid crystal and the partition wall are different, an incident image is reflected and transmitted by a birefringence phenomenon on the boundary surface of the partition and the liquid crystal to output an overlapped image. The method of claim 39, The upper panel forming step, Providing an upper substrate; Forming a first transparent electrode and a first common electrode on the upper substrate to form a horizontal electric field for changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal; And And forming a front surface of the upper alignment layer having an alignment groove for aligning the liquid crystal on the upper substrate. 42. The method of claim 41 wherein The first transparent electrode and the first common electrode is a manufacturing method of the viewing angle adjusting device, characterized in that formed in an alternate shape corresponding to the position where the partition wall is formed. The method of claim 39, The lower panel forming step, Providing a lower substrate; Forming a second transparent electrode and a second common electrode on the lower substrate to form a horizontal electric field for changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal; And And forming an entire surface of a lower alignment layer on which the alignment grooves for aligning the liquid crystal are formed on the second transparent electrode and the second common electrode. The method of claim 43, And the lower substrate is one side of the color filter substrate on which no black matrix or the like is formed. The method of claim 43, The second transparent electrode and the second common electrode is a manufacturing method of the viewing angle control device, characterized in that formed in an alternate shape corresponding to the position where the partition wall is formed. The method of claim 41 or 43, The alignment groove is a manufacturing method of the viewing angle adjusting device, characterized in that formed in the same direction with each other.

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