KR20070072636A - Continuous extruding extractor - Google Patents

Continuous extruding extractor Download PDF

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KR20070072636A
KR20070072636A KR1020050029780A KR20050029780A KR20070072636A KR 20070072636 A KR20070072636 A KR 20070072636A KR 1020050029780 A KR1020050029780 A KR 1020050029780A KR 20050029780 A KR20050029780 A KR 20050029780A KR 20070072636 A KR20070072636 A KR 20070072636A
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extraction
extruder
extract
solvent
shell
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KR1020050029780A
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Korean (ko)
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KR100780703B1 (en
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선우창신
정도성
박상규
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선우창신
박상규
정도성
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D11/00—Solvent extraction
    • B01D11/02—Solvent extraction of solids

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Extraction Or Liquid Replacement (AREA)

Abstract

A continuous extrusion type extraction equipment which can obtain high extraction efficiency by continuously performing extracting and compressing operations, and can secure profitability in various extracting operations by enabling pressing and extraction to be continuously performed, thereby increasing productivity is provided. A continuous extrusion type extraction equipment comprises: an extraction material feeding part(1) which includes a hopper(11) and an extraction material inflow port(12), and feeds an extraction material to the extraction material introducing part of the extruder; a solvent feeding part(2) which includes a solvent storage tank(21) and a fixed quantity pressurization pump(23), and feeds a solvent to the extracting part of the extruder; an extruder(3) including a heating means(34) and a heat insulating means(35) for heating and temperature control, and diameter-reducing rings(331,332,333) fixed onto an inner portion of a shell(31) to form four spaces divided by the diameter-reducing rings such that the four spaces function as an extraction material introducing part, an extruding part, an extraction material compressing part and an extracted material discharging part respectively; and an extract recovery part(4) including an extract recovery drum(41) for recovering an extract discharged through an extract discharge port(311) formed in the shell, and an extract recovery tank(412) for storing the recovered extract.

Description

연속압출식 추출장치{Continuous Extruding Extractor} Continuous Extruding Extractor

도 1은 본 발명에 따른 연속압출식 추출장치의 단면도이다.1 is a cross-sectional view of a continuous extrusion extraction apparatus according to the present invention.

도 2는 본 발명에 따른 추출공정 흐름도이다.2 is a flow chart of the extraction process according to the present invention.

도 3은 본 발명에 따른 압출기중 추재 압착부의 특정부분 절개사시도이다.3 is an exploded perspective view of a specific portion of the compression pressing portion of the extruder according to the present invention.

도 4는 본 발명에 따른 연속압출식 추출장치의 작동원리를 나타낸 단면도 이다. Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the operating principle of the continuous extrusion extraction apparatus according to the present invention.

* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호 설명** Explanation of symbols on main parts of drawings *

1. 추재 공급부 2. 용매공급부1. Autumn supply supply 2. Solvent supply

3. 압출기 4. 추출액 회수부3. Extruder 4. Extract recovery part

11. 호퍼 21. 용매저장탱크11. Hopper 21. Solvent storage tank

23. 가압정량펌퍼 31. 압출기 쉘23. Pressurized metering pump 31. Extruder shell

32. 압출기 구동모터 34. 가온수단32. Extruder drive motor 34. Heating means

35. 단열수단 36. 추잔물 배출기 구동모터35. Insulation means 36. Additional discharger drive motor

41. 추출액 회수통 311. 추출액 배출구 41. Extraction container 311. Extraction outlet

331. 쉘직경감소링 363. 추잔물 배출구331. Shell diameter reducing ring 363.

본 발명은 연속압출식 추출장치에 관한 것으로서, 보다 상세하게는 가온 및 온도조절이 가능한 통상의 압출기에 추출할 대상 재료(이하, '추재'라 한다)와 용매를 소정의 비율로 연속적으로 공급하면서 압출기 내에서 이송시키며, 상기한 소정의 추출온도로 가온 조절되는 압출기 내에서 용매와의 접촉에 의해 추재내의 용매 가용성분이 추출되어 용매와 혼합된 상태로 추출액을 얻으며, 이 때 추출이 진행 또는 완료된 추재(이하 '추잔물'이라 한다)와 추출액이 혼합된 재료(이하 '추재혼합물'이라 한다)는 압출기의 작동에 의한 압착작용에 의해 추출액이 추출액 배출구를 통해 압출기 외부로 회수되어 추잔물과 분리되며, 케이크 상태의 추잔물은 추잔물 배출기에 의해 회수되는 압출기를 이용한 연속식 추출장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a continuous extrusion extraction apparatus, and more particularly, while continuously supplying the target material (hereinafter referred to as 'injection') and the solvent to be extracted to a conventional extruder capable of heating and temperature control at a predetermined ratio. Transferred in the extruder, the solvent soluble in the extract is extracted by contact with the solvent in the extruder heated to the predetermined extraction temperature as described above to obtain the extract in a mixed state with the solvent, wherein the extraction proceeded or completed (Hereinafter referred to as 'extract residue') and the material mixed with the extract (hereinafter referred to as 'injection mixture') is extracted from the extruder through the extract outlet and separated from the extract by the compression action of the extruder. In addition, the cake extract is related to a continuous extraction apparatus using an extruder recovered by the extract residue.

일반적으로 추출은 액체 또는 고체상을 갖는 추재에 용매를 가하여 추재 내의 특정 성분을 선택적으로 용매상으로 옮겨 다른 물질과 분리하는 기술이다. 상기한 바와 같이 추재가 두 가지 이상의 액체혼합물에 용매를 가하여 특정한 성분을 선택적으로 용해시키는 조작일 경우 액체추출 또는 액액추출이라하며, 추재가 고체이고 용매가 고체 중의 특정 성분을 선택적으로 용해시키는 조작일 경우 침출 또는 고체추출이라고 하여 구분한다. 따라서 엄밀한 의미에서 본 발명은 압출기를 이용한 연속식 침출장치 또는 고체추출장치에 해당한다. In general, extraction is a technique in which a solvent is added to an extract having a liquid or solid phase to selectively transfer certain components in the extract to a solvent phase to separate it from other substances. As described above, when the extraction is an operation of selectively dissolving a specific component by adding a solvent to two or more liquid mixtures, the extraction is called liquid extraction or liquid extraction. The operation is an operation in which the extraction is a solid and the solvent selectively dissolves a specific component in the solid. In this case, it is classified as leaching or solid extraction. Therefore, in a strict sense, the present invention corresponds to a continuous leaching device or a solid extraction device using an extruder.

압출기는 주로 고분자 재료를 가열, 용융, 혼합하여 회전압출 블레이드에서 다이나 노즐에서 압출하여 연속적으로 파이프, 단섬유 등 성형품을 얻는 기기이나,점성이 높은 유체나 분체 등을 이송하는데도 이용된다.The extruder is mainly used for conveying a highly viscous fluid or powder, or an apparatus for heating, melting and mixing a polymer material, extruding it from a die or nozzle from a rotary extrusion blade to continuously obtain a molded product such as a pipe or short fibers.

최근 전세계적으로 환경보전과 에너지 자원화 차원에서 식물, 광물 등 천연물로부터 유용한 물질을 회수하여 식품, 의약품, 화학원료 등으로 이용하려는 노력이 경주되고 있다.In recent years, efforts are being made to recover useful materials from natural products such as plants and minerals and use them as foods, medicines, and chemical raw materials for the purpose of environmental conservation and energy resources.

천연물로부터 유용한 물질을 회수하기 위한 기존의 추출방법으로는 수증기 증류법, 용매추출법, 압착법 등이 있다. 이 중 압착법은 장치와 조작이 간단한 반면 수율이 낮기 때문에 대게 수증기 증류나 용매추출법과 병행하여 쓰인다. 수증기 증류나 용매추출법을 감압하에서 행하면 비교적 양질의 제품을 얻을 수 있으나 공정이 보다 복잡하고 운전이 어려우며 증류시간이 길어진다. 따라서 대부분의 추출조작에서는 가압추출을 채택하지만 이 때는 연속 추출공정을 구현하는 것이 어렵다.Conventional extraction methods for recovering useful substances from natural products include steam distillation, solvent extraction, and compression. Among them, the compression method is simple in terms of apparatus and operation, but the yield is low, so it is usually used in parallel with steam distillation or solvent extraction. If steam distillation or solvent extraction is carried out under reduced pressure, a relatively good product can be obtained, but the process is more complicated, difficult to operate, and the distillation time is longer. Therefore, most extraction operations employ pressure extraction, but it is difficult to implement a continuous extraction process.

본 발명은 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 압출기의 추재와 용매의 연속적인 공급이 가능한 장점을 이용하고 압출기의 쉘 내부에 직경감소링을 마련하고, 상기 직경감소링의 특정한 거리에서 블레이드를 제거하여 블레이드 없는 소정의 공간을 마련하여 이송되는 추재가 고밀도로 누적되게 하여 용매 비등점 이상의 추출온도에서 발생된 고압을 견디도록 하여 용매가 유출되지 않도록 하고, 압출기 내에서 추출이 끝난 후 상기와 동일한 원리에 압착되도록 하여 추출액 배출구를 통해 추출액과 추잔물이 분리되며, 상기 조작이 연속적으로 행해질 수 있는 연속압출식 추출장치를 마련하는데 목적이 있다.In order to solve this problem, the present invention utilizes the advantage of continuous feeding of the extruder and the solvent of the extruder, and provides a diameter reducing ring inside the shell of the extruder, and removes the blade at a specific distance of the diameter reducing ring to remove the blade. By providing a predetermined space to accumulate the transfer material to a high density to endure the high pressure generated at the extraction temperature above the solvent boiling point so that the solvent does not flow out, and after extraction in the extruder to be compressed in the same principle as above It is an object of the present invention to provide a continuous extrusion extraction apparatus in which an extract and an extract are separated through an extract outlet, and the operation can be performed continuously.

상기의 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명은, 압출기 쉘 외부에 가온수단과 단열수단을 구비하여 압출기를 특정한 온도로 가온 조절할 수 있는 통상의 압출기에서 블레이드와 쉘 내부를 개조하며, 이하에서 첨부된 도면을 참고로 본 발명에 따른 바람직한 일 실시예와 함께 설명한다.The present invention for achieving the above object is provided with a heating means and a heat insulating means on the outside of the extruder shell to remodel the blade and the shell in a conventional extruder that can control the extruder to a specific temperature, and the accompanying drawings For reference, it will be described with one preferred embodiment according to the present invention.

도 1에 본 발명에 따른 연속압출식 추출장치의 단면도를, 도 2에는 추출공정 흐름도를 나타내었다.1 is a cross-sectional view of a continuous extrusion extraction apparatus according to the present invention, Figure 2 is a flow chart of the extraction process.

도시된 바와 같이, 본 발명에 따른 연속압출식 추출장치는 기능과 역할에 따라 추재공급부(1), 용매공급부(2), 압출기(3), 추출액회수부(4) 등의 4부분으로 나눌 수 있다. 추재 공급부(1)는 호퍼(11)와 추재 공급관(12)으로 이루어진다. 호퍼(11)는 추재를 저장하고 추재 공급관(12)을 통해 압출기(3)의 추재도입부로 공급하는 기능을 한다. 용매 공급부(2)는 용매를 저장하고 가압정량펌퍼(23)을 통해 압출기(3)의 추출부로 공급한다. 이 때 공급되는 추재와 용매의 비율은 추출 전략에 따라 달리 할 수 있다. 압출기(3)도 기능과 역할에 따라 다음과 같이 4부분으로 나눌 수 있다. 보다 상세하게는 추재 공급부(1)로부터 추재를 직접 공급받는 추재 도입부, 추재와 용매를 혼합하고 추출조작이 이루어지는 추출부, 추출액과 추잔물을 압착분리하는 추재 압착부, 분리된 추잔물을 수직형 압출방식을 이용하여 압출기(3) 외부로 배출하는 추잔물 배출부 등의 4부분이다. 추재 도입부는 쉘 직경감소 링(331)에 의해 추출부와 구분된다. 쉘 직경감소 링(331)으로부터 소정의 위치만큼 샤프트(321)상에 블레이드를 구비하지 않음으로써 소정의 공간(A)을 형성하여 압출기 구동모터(32)에 의하여 블레이드(322)가 구비된 샤프트(321)가 회전함에 따라 추재가 공간(A)에 고밀도로 누적되면서 추출부에 발생된 압력에 대하여 내압성을 갖게 되며, 일부는 쉘 직경감소 링(331)에 의해 좁아진 출구를 통해 거의 일정하게 추출부로 이송된다. 이렇게 추출부로 이송되어 온 추재는 용매공급부(2)로부터 공급된 용매와 섞이게 되며, 추재 압착부로 이송될 때까지 추출조작을 행한다. 추출부와 추재 압착부도 상기와 동일하게 쉘 직경감소 링(332)에 의해 구분되며, 쉘 직경감소 링(332)으로부터 소정의 위치만큼 샤프트(321)상에 블레이드를 구비하지 않음으로써 소정의 공간(B)을 형성하여, 공간(A)에서와 같은 병목현상이 일어나게 하여 추출부에 발생된 압력에 대하여 내압성을 갖게 한다. 추재 압착부도 상기와 동일한 원리에 의해 공간(C)에 고밀도로 누적되며 압착된다. 이 때 압착에 의해 추잔물과 분리된 추출액은 압출기 쉘(31)상에 구비한 추출액 배출구(311)를 통해 추출액 회수통(41)으로 적하되거나 누벽되어 추출액 유입관(411)을 통해 최종적으로 추출액 회수탱크(412)로 회수된다. 도 3은 본 발명에 따른 연속압출식 추출장치의 압출기(3)중 추재 압착부와 추출액 회수부(4)의 특정부분 절개사시도이다. 추재 압착부 주위를 드럼형태의 추출액 회수통(41)이 감싸고 있는 형태이며, 추출액 회수통(41)의 하부에는 추출액 유입관(411)을 구비하여 추출액이 추출액 회수탱크(412)로 회수되게 한다. 한편 추출액 배출구(311)는 추출액 회수통(41)내에 위치한 압출기 쉘(41)에 구멍이나 일자 홈을 파고 소정 길이의 금속조각으로 가리우거나 압출기 쉘(41)을 안쪽으로 구부리는 방식으로 구현할 수 있는 상어 지느러미 형태로서 용매를 함유한 추재가 압출기 쉘(41) 외부로 빠져나가지 않도록 한다. 한편 직경감소 링(333)을 통해 추잔물 배출기로 빠져나온 추잔물은 추잔물 배출기 구동모터(36)에 의해 구동되는 수직형 압출 스쿠류(362)에 의해 압출기(3) 외부로 배출된다. 장치에 대한 이해를 돕기 위되며, 상기와 같은 조작이 연속적으로 이루어진다. 도 4에 본 발명에 따른 연속압출식 추출장치의 작동원리를 단면도로서 예시적으로 나타내었다.As shown, the continuous extrusion extraction apparatus according to the present invention can be divided into four parts, such as the extract supply unit (1), solvent supply unit (2), extruder (3), extract liquid recovery unit (4) according to the function and role have. The extraction supply part 1 consists of the hopper 11 and the extraction supply pipe 12. As shown in FIG. The hopper 11 functions to store the dead wood and supply it to the dead wood introduction portion of the extruder 3 through the dead wood supply pipe 12. The solvent supply unit 2 stores the solvent and supplies it to the extraction unit of the extruder 3 through the pressure metering pump 23. At this time, the ratio of the extract and the solvent supplied may vary depending on the extraction strategy. Extruder (3) can also be divided into four parts as follows, depending on the function and role. More specifically, the harvesting unit is directly supplied from the harvesting supply unit (1), the extraction unit for mixing the extraction and the solvent, the extraction unit is carried out extraction, the extraction unit and compression extracts compression unit for extracting and extract residue, the vertical weight of the separated It is the four parts, such as the extraction residue discharged to the outside of the extruder (3) using the extrusion method. The introduction portion is distinguished from the extraction portion by the shell diameter reducing ring 331. The shaft having a blade 322 by the extruder drive motor 32 is formed by forming a predetermined space A by not providing the blade on the shaft 321 by a predetermined position from the shell diameter reducing ring 331. As the 321 rotates, the spindle is densely accumulated in the space A and has a pressure resistance against the pressure generated in the extracting portion, and part of it is almost constant through the outlet narrowed by the shell diameter reducing ring 331. Transferred. The extraction material thus transferred to the extraction unit is mixed with the solvent supplied from the solvent supply unit 2, and the extraction operation is performed until the extraction material is transferred to the extraction compression unit. The extraction part and the presser compression part are also divided by the shell diameter reducing ring 332 in the same manner as described above, and the predetermined space is not provided by the blade diameter reducing ring 332 on the shaft 321 by a predetermined position. B) is formed to cause a bottleneck as in the space A so that the pressure resistance is made against the pressure generated in the extraction section. According to the same principle as the above, the pressing press portion is accumulated and compressed in the space C at a high density. At this time, the extract liquid separated from the extract by compression is dropped or leaked through the extraction liquid discharge port 311 provided on the extruder shell 31 or leaked through the extract liquid inlet pipe 411 finally. The recovery tank 412 is recovered. 3 is an exploded perspective view showing a specific portion of the extract pressing part and the extract recovery part 4 of the extruder 3 of the continuous extrusion extraction device according to the present invention. A drum-shaped extract liquid collecting container 41 is wrapped around the compression press, and the extract liquid collecting tube 41 is provided with an extract liquid inlet pipe 411 to recover the extract liquid to the extract liquid collecting tank 412. . Meanwhile, the extract outlet 311 may be formed by digging a hole or a straight groove in the extruder shell 41 located in the extract recovery container 41 and covering it with a piece of metal of a predetermined length, or by bending the extruder shell 41 inward. As the shark fin is in, it is possible to prevent the mulberry containing solvent from escaping out of the extruder shell 41. On the other hand, the weight residues escaping to the weight residue ejector through the diameter reducing ring 333 is discharged to the outside of the extruder 3 by the vertical extrusion screw 362 driven by the weight residue ejector drive motor 36. To help the understanding of the device, the above operation is performed continuously. 4 illustrates the operation principle of the continuous extrusion extraction apparatus according to the present invention as a cross-sectional view.

상술한 바와 같이 본 발명에 따른 연속압출식 추출장치에 의하면, 추출조작과 압착조작이 연속적으로 이루어짐으로써 높은 추출효율을 얻을 수 있으며, 연속적인 가압추출을 가능케하여 생산성을 증대시킴으로서 기존의 경제성이 없던 다양한 추출조작에 응용하여 채산성을 확보할 수 있다. As described above, according to the continuous extraction type extraction apparatus according to the present invention, the extraction operation and the pressing operation is performed continuously to obtain a high extraction efficiency, by enabling continuous pressure extraction to increase productivity by the conventional economical It can be applied to various extraction operations to secure profitability.

Claims (5)

호퍼(11)와 추재 유입구(12)로 구성되고 압출기(3)의 추재 도입부로 추재를 공급하는 추재 공급부(1)와;A crusher supply unit (1) comprising a hopper (11) and a crusher inlet (12) and supplying crusher to the crusher inlet of the extruder (3); 용매저장탱크(21)와 가압정량펌퍼(23) 등으로 구성되고 압출기(3)의 추출부로 용매를 공급하는 용매 공급부(2)와;A solvent supply unit 2 composed of a solvent storage tank 21, a pressurized metering pump 23, and the like and supplying a solvent to an extraction unit of the extruder 3; 가온수단(34)과 단열수단(35)에 의해 가온 및 온도조절이 가능하고, 쉘(31) 내부에 3개의 직경감소 링(331, 332, 333)을 고정 설치하여 상기 직경감소 링으로 구분되는 4개의 공간을 형성하고 각각 추재 도입부, 추출부, 추재 압착부, 추잔물 배출부 등의 기능을 하도록 한 압출기(3)와;Heating and temperature control is possible by the heating means 34 and the heat insulating means 35, and three diameter reducing rings 331, 332 and 333 are fixedly installed in the shell 31 to be divided into the diameter reducing rings. An extruder (3) which forms four spaces and functions as a extract introduction part, an extracting part, a extract extracting part, and an extract residue part respectively; 압출기(3) 회수부에서 쉘(31)에 구비한 추출액 배출구(311)를 통해 토출되는 추출액을 추출액 회수통(41)으로 회수하여 추출액 회수탱크(412)에 저장케하는 추출액 회수부(4)로 이루어짐을 특징으로 하는 연속압출식 추출장치.Extraction recovery section 4 for recovering the extraction liquid discharged through the extraction solution outlet 311 provided in the shell 31 from the extruder 3 recovery section to the extraction liquid recovery container 41 and stored in the extraction liquid recovery tank 412 Continuous extrusion extraction apparatus, characterized in that consisting of. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 상기 3개의 쉘 직경 감소링(331,332,333) 앞부분의 소정의 길이만큼의 블레이드를 제거하여 소정의 공간(A, B, C)을 형성하여 블레이드(322) 회전에 의한 추재 이송중 상기 쉘 직경감소 링(331, 332, 333)에 추재를 고밀도로 누적시킴으로서 추출부에서 발생하는 용매에 의한 압력을 견디도록 하고, 추재 압착부에서 압착이 가능하도록 하는 것을 특징으로 하는 연속압출식 추출장치.The shell diameter reduction ring during the inferior conveyance due to the rotation of the blade 322 by forming a predetermined space (A, B, C) by removing the blades of a predetermined length in front of the three shell diameter reduction rings (331, 332, 333) ( 331, 332, 333) by accumulating the high density in the high density so as to withstand the pressure caused by the solvent generated in the extraction unit, the compression extraction unit characterized in that the compression is possible in the compression unit. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 추출액 배출구(311)는 경사판에 의해 가리워진 원통구나 상어지느러미 모양의 일자형 홈 형태인 것을 특징으로 하는 연속압출식 추출장치.Extraction outlet 311 is a continuous extrusion type extraction device, characterized in that the cylindrical or shark fin-shaped slot-shaped grooves covered by the inclined plate. 제 1항에 있어서,The method of claim 1, 쉘 직경감소 링(331, 332, 333)은 삼각형 회전체 형태로서 추재가 도입되는 부분이 경사진 것을 특징으로 하는 연속압출식 추출장치.Shell diameter reducing ring (331, 332, 333) is a continuous extrusion type extraction device, characterized in that the inclined portion is introduced in the form of a triangular rotating body. 제 1항에 있어서, The method of claim 1, 쉘 직경감소 링(333)을 통해 배출된 케이크 상태의 추잔물을 강제적으로 배출하기 위하여 블레이드(362)를 수직형으로 배치한 것을 특징으로 하는 연속압출식 추출장치.Continuous extraction type extractor, characterized in that the blade (362) is arranged vertically in order to forcibly discharge the cake residues discharged through the shell diameter reducing ring (333).
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Cited By (3)

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KR100917554B1 (en) * 2007-11-01 2009-09-16 이정 Method and apparatus for injecting chemicals in extruding machine
CN110339591A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-10-18 赵世英 Extraction equipment is used in a kind of extraction of rotary plant
CN113546442A (en) * 2021-07-09 2021-10-26 安徽精诚本草中药饮片有限公司 Reinforced pinellia ternata of ration soaks pond

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CN106621447A (en) * 2016-11-16 2017-05-10 广西大学 Ultrasonic hot dipping type extraction equipment

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WO2018236201A1 (en) * 2017-06-23 2018-12-27 주성엔지니어링(주) Substrate supporting apparatus
KR102033894B1 (en) * 2017-06-23 2019-10-18 주식회사 엘티에스 Diagnostic kit for Vivax Malaria

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR100917554B1 (en) * 2007-11-01 2009-09-16 이정 Method and apparatus for injecting chemicals in extruding machine
CN110339591A (en) * 2019-06-27 2019-10-18 赵世英 Extraction equipment is used in a kind of extraction of rotary plant
CN113546442A (en) * 2021-07-09 2021-10-26 安徽精诚本草中药饮片有限公司 Reinforced pinellia ternata of ration soaks pond

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