KR20070021275A - Electrically driven cable drive device and electric brake device - Google Patents

Abstract

The motor M, the reducer G, the nut member 26 connected to the reducer, the rod 32 screwed with the nut member 26 and guided so as not to rotate by the guide member 34; , A control cable 15 comprising an inner cable 45 connected to the rod and a conduit 49 for guiding the inner cable, a sensor for detecting an operation amount of the cable from the rotation amount of the reducer G, and a load applied to the cable Cable drive device (10) characterized in that it is provided with a load sensor (17) for detecting the. By connecting the control cable of the cable drive device 10 and the brake mechanism, an electric brake device can be obtained.

Inner cable, electric brake device, cable drive device, electric, control cable

Description

Electric cable drive device and electric brake device {ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN CABLE DRIVE DEVICE AND ELECTRIC BRAKE DEVICE}

The present invention relates to an electric cable drive device and an electric brake device such as an automobile using the same. Cars include motor bikes, three-wheeled vehicles, power assisted bicycles, golf carts, forklifts, and the like.

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Publication No. 2001-513179

Patent Document 2: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-295210

Patent Document 3: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-161063

Patent Document 4: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-205627

Patent Document 5: US Patent No. 6386338

Patent Document 6: Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-272076

As shown in FIG. 25, Patent Document 1 discloses a parking brake 200 for a vehicle. The parking brake 200 is provided with a gear 201 formed on the outer circumference, a spline hub formed on the inner circumference, and a constituent member 202 which is rotatably supported so as not to move in the axial direction, A hollow spline 203 that is engaged with the spline hub of the inner circumference and is movably installed in the axial direction, and a male screw member (spindle) 204 for screwing with a female screw formed on the inner circumference of the spline. The first brake cable 205 is caught and fixed to one end of the spline 203, and the second brake cable 206 is caught and fixed to one end of the male screw member 204. And the gear 201 of the outer periphery of the constituent member 202 is driven by the motor M. When the motor rotates in one direction, the female screw and the male screw member 204 of the spline 203 relatively spirally move left and right. Of the brake cables 205 and 206 are attracted to each other. As a result, the left and right brakes are applied.

On the other hand, when the motor M rotates in the opposite direction, the female screw and the male screw member 204 of the spline 203 rotate relatively in the opposite directions, and the left and right brake cables 205 and 206 are attracted to each other. Weaken tension; The brake is released accordingly. Since the telescopic device composed of the spline 203 and the male screw member 204 is movable in the axial direction with respect to the member 202, the same force is applied to the brakes on the left and right. As described above, the parking brake of Patent Document 1 can apply or release the parking brake by a motor, and can equalize the left and right brake forces.

In addition, Patent Document 1 discloses a dissociation device 207 for releasing the connection between the second cable 206 and the male screw member 204 by remote operation. The dissociation device 207 is fixed to the end of the male screw member 204 and guided by the inner surface of the housing, and is rotatably installed on the guide member and rotated clockwise by the spring 209. The lock release lever 210 to be biased and the unlocking cable 211 which rotates the lock release lever counterclockwise against the biasing force of the spring 209 are provided.

As illustrated in FIG. 26, a locking jaw 213 is connected to the shaft 212 supporting the lock release lever 210 so as to rotate together with the lock release lever. A coupling member 214 fixed to an end of the second cable 206 is accommodated in the guide member 208 so as to be movable in an axial direction, and a locking jaw 213 is detachably coupled to the coupling member 214. The groove 215 is formed.

This dissociation device 207 pulls the unlocking cable 211 when the electric system or the motor M is broken in the state where the brake is applied (the space between the left and right cables 205 and 206 is reduced). As shown in FIG. 2, the connection between the cable 206 and the male screw member 204 can be released manually. When the electric system or the motor M recovers, the guide member 208 extends the distance between the left and right cables 205 and 206 of the motor M without pulling the unlocking cable 211. By rotating to move to the left side can be coupled to the groove 215 to return to the original state.

As shown in FIG. 27, Patent Document 2 discloses a parking brake apparatus for a vehicle having a motor M and a shaft 221 driven to rotate through a gear 220 by the rotation of the motor. have. Right and left screws 222 and left screws 223 are formed on the left and right sides of the shaft 221, and nut members 224 and 225 are screwed to these screws. One end of the brake cables 205 and 206 is caught and fixed to these nut members, respectively.

When the motor M rotates in one direction, the left and right nut members 224 and 225 can be moved to the center side, respectively, whereby the left and right brakes can be applied. When the motor M rotates in the opposite direction, the left and right nut members 224 and 225 move outward. The brake can thus be released.

In Patent Document 3, as shown in FIG. 28, the screw shaft 226 which is rotationally driven by the motor M, the nut 227 screwed to the screw shaft, and the nut are pivotably provided. Electric parking brake device having an equalizer 228, a pair of pull cables 205 and 206 connected to the equalizer, and a pulley 229 for changing the direction of any one cable 205 by 180 degrees. 230 is disclosed. In addition, Patent Document 3 describes the provision of a tension sensor TS for detecting the tension of the other cable 206 and stopping the motor M when the tension is abnormally raised. The mechanism is housed in the housing 231.

In Patent Document 4, as shown in FIG. 29, an electric motor M having an output shaft 236 and a transmission (reduction mechanism) for connecting the output shaft 236 to a lead screw (screw) 237 ( An electric parking brake assembly 239 with 238 is disclosed. A drive nut 240 having a screw hole is screwed into the lead screw 237, and a brake operation cable 241 is connected to the drive nut 240. The control module controls the electric motor based on a signal indicating a cable tension such as an operating current of the electric motor and a signal indicating a cable moving distance from a hall effect sensor that detects the number of rotations of the electric motor.

In addition, Patent Document 4 discloses an override gear 242 provided in the transmission 238 and an override cable 243 for rotating the override gear by manual remote operation. The override gear 242 can rotate the lead screw 237 through the transmission 238. The override cable 243 is constituted by a so-called rotary cable composed of a flexible conduit and a core housed in the conduit so as to be rotatable and capable of torque transmission.

Therefore, even when the electric motor is stopped, the parking brake can be applied or released by rotating one end of the override cable 243. Patent document 5 discloses a structure on the operation side for rotating the end of such an override cable 243.

Patent document 6 has a fixed shaft, a pulley rotatably installed in the fixed shaft direction, a cup-shaped rotor having a drive magnet on the inner surface and rotating together with the pulley, and attached to the periphery of the fixed shaft. Disclosed is a direct drive brushless motor having a coil disposed in a coil, a sensor magnet provided on an inner surface of a front end of the rotor, and a hall sensor that detects an approach of the sensor magnet. This direct drive brushless motor is equipped with one sensor magnet and twelve Hall sensors, and can detect multiple pulses.

The parking brake 200 of Patent Literature 1 is a telescopic device composed of a spline 203 and a male screw member 204, and is configured to attract the left and right brake cables 205 and 206 to each other, so that both tensions are equalized. The space may be small. However, because of the need for a spline hub or spline, the mechanism is complicated and assembly work is complicated. In addition, the release of the dissociation device 207 requires considerable labor because the manual release of the lock release lever 210 that is tightly coupled by the tension of the cable 206. On the other hand, the brake device of Patent Document 2 has a relatively simple mechanism and can equalize the left and right operation amounts. However, it is difficult to equalize the left and right brake force.

Moreover, although the electric parking brake apparatus of patent document 3 can make the brake force of right and left substantially equal by the equalizer 228, the space | interval of the left and right cables 205 and 206 will increase. Therefore, the housing 231 becomes large and requires a wide attachment space. Moreover, when a force is applied to the two cables 205, 206, a large torque is applied to the housing 231. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the strength of the housing 231, the mounting screw, or the like.

In the electric parking brake assembly of Patent Document 4, it is not clear how to install the Hall effect sensor. However, when a commercially available DC motor is employed, the intermediate gear (or the final screw connected to the lead screw) is usually used in the case of two-stage reduction in the transmission. A magnet is attached to a rotating member such as a gear) to install a Hall effect sensor (Hall IC) in the gear housing, and constitute a rotary encoder inside the speed reducer. In that case, since the movement amount of a cable cannot be detected precisely unless many hall effect elements and a detection magnet are provided, the structure of a rotary encoder and a reducer will become complicated, and the number of parts and a manufacturing process will increase.

Moreover, since the electric parking brake assembly 219 of patent document 4 only needs to rotate the override cable 243 and rotates the override gear 242 in a reducer, operating force may be weak, but it is necessary to rotate it several times, It is quite troublesome to release the brakes manually.

An object of the present invention is to provide an electric drive cable drive device and an electric brake device capable of precisely operating a cable. It is another object of the present invention to provide a parking brake device in which the mechanism is simple, the brake forces on the left and right sides can be made approximately equal, and in which a large torque is not generated even when a force is applied to the left and right cables.

Furthermore, it is a technical subject of this invention to provide the electric cable drive apparatus provided with the emergency release mechanism which can release | release a brake easily manually even when an electric system and a motor fail, and also a simple structure.

Furthermore, this invention makes it a technical subject to provide the electric drive cable drive apparatus and electric brake apparatus which generate a little noise.

The cable drive device of the present invention includes a motor, a reducer connected to an output shaft of the motor, a rotating member connected to an output side of the reducer, a conversion mechanism for converting rotation of the rotating member into a straight motion of the straight member; And a cable connected to the straight member, and means for detecting an operation amount of the cable, wherein the means for detecting counts an output of a pulse generating means for generating a pulse in accordance with the rotation of the motor and converts it into an operation amount of the cable. A means is provided.

The 2nd aspect of the electric cable drive device of this invention is a linear movement of a motor, the reducer connected to the output shaft of the motor, the rotating member connected to the output side of the reducer, and the rotation of the rotating member, and the linear member moves straight. A converting mechanism for converting to a straight line; a cable connected to the straight member; a load detecting means for detecting the tension of the cable; and a warning signal when the output of the load detecting means is out of a predetermined allowable range. It is characterized by including the control means for transmitting.

In that case, it is preferable that the said control means is provided with the control means which stops a motor at the time when a cable becomes no-load when a cable delivery operation is carried out.

In these cable drive devices, the cable can be used as a cable for operating a parking brake of a vehicle.

In the cable drive device, a female screw may be provided to the rotating member of the conversion mechanism, and the straight member may be a male screw for screwing with the female screw of the rotating member. Further, the rotation member of the conversion mechanism may be a male screw, and the straight member may be a nut member screwed with the male screw. When using a straight member as a nut member, it is preferable to provide an equalizer on the nut member so that it can swing. It is also preferable to provide a grease chamber to the nut member.

Moreover, in the electric cable drive device of this invention, it is for determining the excitation timing with respect to a coil provided with the said motor as a brushless motor, and the said pulse generating means being provided in the drive mechanism inside the brushless motor. It is desirable to.

In the 2nd aspect of the electric cable drive device of the said invention, it is preferable that the means for detecting a load is provided with the strain gauge. It is also preferable that the means for detecting the load is provided with a spring that is elastically deformed to face the tensile force of the cable and a means for detecting the amount of deformation of the spring.

A third aspect of the cable drive device of the present invention is a motor, a reducer connected to an output shaft of the motor, a rotating member connected to an output side of the reducer, and screwed with the rotating member to straighten the rotation of the rotating member. A straight member for converting to motion, a cable connected to the straight member, and an emergency release mechanism for releasing the operating force of the cable by external operation. The emergency release mechanism includes means for rotating the rotating member from the outside. It is characterized by having.

In such a cable drive device, it is preferable that the end part of the said rotating member protrudes from the housing of a reducer, and the means for rotating the said rotating means is a coupling part of cross-sectional square provided in the end part of the rotating member which protrudes.

A fourth aspect of the electric cable drive device of the present invention includes a motor, a reducer connected to an output shaft of the motor, a rotating member connected to an output side of the reducer, and a rotational rotation of the rotating member by screwing with the rotating member. And a straight line member for converting the straight motion into a straight motion, a cable connected to the straight line member, and an emergency release mechanism for releasing the operating force of the cable by external operation. The emergency release mechanism includes the rotating member in a normal state. Is characterized in that it is provided with a restraint mechanism for restraining not moving in the axial direction and releasing restraint by an external operation in the case of abnormality.

The restraint mechanism includes a catch mechanism disposed so as to face an end portion of the rotating member, the end portion being received and restrained when pressed toward the restraint mechanism, and restrained until the pressure in the opposite direction is released by external operation. It is preferable that there is.

A fifth aspect of the electric cable drive device of the present invention includes a motor, a reducer connected to an output shaft of the motor, a rotating member connected to an output side of the reducer, and a rotational rotation of the rotating member by screwing with the rotating member. A control cable having a straight member for converting the straight motion into a straight motion, an inner cable connected to the straight member and a conduit for supporting the reaction force of the inner cable, and an emergency release mechanism for releasing the operating force of the inner cable by external operation. The emergency release mechanism restrains the end of the conduit from moving in the axial direction in a normal state, and releases the restraint by an external operation when the abnormality occurs. It is characterized by including the opening operation means.

In such a cable drive device, the restraining mechanism includes a bracket for holding an end portion of a conduit, a coupling member moving between a restraint position engaged with the bracket and hindering movement and a release position allowing movement, and the engaging member thereof. Is provided with a spring for biasing toward the restraint position side, and it is preferable that the opening operation means operates the engaging member to the release position side against the biasing force of the spring. In that case, it is preferable that the coupling members are provided in pairs with the centerline of the conduit interposed. It is also preferred that the opening operation means include a release cable that transmits a tensile force.

A sixth aspect of the electric cable drive device of the present invention includes a motor, a reducer connected to an output shaft of the motor, a rotating member connected to an output side of the reducer, and a rotational rotation of the rotating member by screwing with the rotating member. A control cable having a straight member for converting the straight motion into a straight motion, an inner cable connected to the straight member and a conduit for supporting the reaction force of the inner cable, and an emergency release mechanism for releasing the operating force of the inner cable by external operation. The emergency release mechanism maintains the end portion of the conduit in an axially movable position, while maintaining the end of the conduit in a normal position and compresses the conduit, and in case of an emergency, moves the position to open the compression force by external operation. It is characterized by including the holding mechanism to make.

The holding mechanism can comprise a bracket for holding an end of the conduit, a rotating member screw-nut coupled to the bracket, and an operation means for rotating the rotating member from the outside. In that case, it is preferable that the said operation means contains a rotating cable.

When equipped with the said emergency release mechanism, the control cable which operates the said operation member is made into the pull control cable which operates a brake, and the inner cable of the full control cable is connected by the return spring of a brake. Tension can always be given.

A seventh aspect of the cable drive device of the present invention is a motor, a reducer connected to an output shaft of the motor, a rotating member connected to an output side of the reducer, and rotation of the rotating member to a straight motion of the straight member. It has a conversion mechanism, and the cable connected to the said straight member, The said reducer is equipped with the some rotating element and the conductive element which spans between those rotating elements, It is characterized by the above-mentioned.

In such an electric cable drive device, it is preferable that the rotating element is a pulley, and the winding conductive element is a belt. It is furthermore preferable that the pulley is a toothed pulley and the belt is a toothed belt.

An electric brake device such as an automobile according to the present invention includes any one of the cable drive device, the brake lever to which the cable is connected, a spring biasing the brake lever to the brake release side, and a brake friction member connected to the brake lever. It is characterized by having a.

1 is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing one embodiment of the cable drive device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 1.

3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III of FIG. 1.

4 is a block diagram illustrating a control circuit of a motor of the cable driving device of FIG. 1.

FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view showing an embodiment of an electric brake device using the cable drive device of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic plan view showing another embodiment of the cable drive device of FIG. 1. FIG.

FIG. 7 is a VIII-VIII cross-sectional view of FIG. 6.

8 is a perspective view of principal parts of the equalizer and nut member of FIG. 6;

9A is a perspective view showing another embodiment of the nut member according to the present invention, and FIG. 9B is a sectional view of the nut member.

It is a perspective view which shows embodiment of the load sensor used for the cable drive device of this invention.

11 is a partial cross-sectional perspective view showing another embodiment of the load sensor used in the cable drive device of the present invention.

12 is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing another embodiment of the cable drive device of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a process chart showing the action of the emergency release mechanism of the cable drive device of FIG.

FIG. 14 is a process chart showing the action of the emergency release mechanism following FIG. 13. FIG.

15 is a schematic side view showing another embodiment of the catch mechanism according to the present invention.

16 is a partial cross-sectional plan view showing still another embodiment of the cable drive device of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VII-VII of FIG. 16.

18 is a partially cutaway plan view showing still another embodiment of the cable drive device of the present invention.

19 is a perspective view of an emergency release mechanism of the cable drive device.

20 is an exploded perspective view showing the restraint mechanism of the emergency release mechanism.

21 is a process chart showing the operation of the emergency release mechanism of FIG.

22A to 22C are schematic plan views showing still another embodiment of the release mechanism according to the present invention.

Fig. 23 is a schematic plan view showing still another embodiment of the release mechanism according to the present invention.

24 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a reducer according to the present invention.

25 is a perspective view showing an example of a conventional parking brake device.

It is an enlarged view of the principal part of the parking brake apparatus.

27 is a plan view showing another example of the conventional parking brake device.

28 is a partially cut away plan view showing another example of a conventional parking brake.

29 is a perspective view showing still another example of a conventional parking brake device.

The cable drive device 10 shown in FIG. 1 is housed in a housing 13 composed of a main body 11 and a cover 12, a motor M attached to the housing, and a housing 13. Reducer G for reducing the rotation of the screw, a screw-nut mechanism (rotation / straight conversion mechanism) 14 connected to the output of the reducer, and a control cable 15 reciprocally driven by the screw-nut mechanism. Equipped. On the other hand, reference numeral 16 denotes a base bracket for holding the housing 13, and reference numeral 17 denotes a load sensor interposed in the middle of the control cable 15 to detect the load of the inner cable 45 of the control cable 15. It is not necessary to install a load sensor. However, as will be described later, it is preferable to use the output for the safety of the cable drive device and the various devices in which it is used, in particular the parking brake device.

An attachment sheet 21 for attaching the motor M is provided on the main body 11 of the housing 13, and the motor M is fixed by a screw (reference numeral 22 in FIG. 2). Between the main body 11 and the cover 12, the 1st shaft 23 and the 2nd shaft 24 which support the gear of a speed reducer are arrange | positioned and fixed in parallel with the output shaft 25 of the motor M. As shown in FIG. In addition, the nut member 26 of the screw-nut mechanism 14 is rotatably supported by the housing 13. The center of rotation of the nut member 26 is parallel to the output shaft 25 of the motor M.

The reduction gear G is pinion 27 fixed to the output shaft 25 of the motor M, and the first gear 28 rotatably supported by the first shaft 23 and engaged with the pinion 27. And a second gear 29 rotatably supported by the second shaft 24 and engaged with the first gear 28, and fixed to an outer circumference of the nut member 26 and with the second gear 29. The third gear 30 is engaged. As shown in FIG. 2, the 1st gear 28 is equipped with the large diameter gear 28a which meshes with the pinion 27, and the small diameter gear 28b which rotates integrally with the large diameter gear. The second gear 29 has a large diameter gear 29a meshing with the small diameter gear 28b of the first gear, and a small diameter gear that rotates integrally with the large diameter gear and meshes with the third gear 30 ( 29b). On the other hand, in Figure 2, in order to avoid clutter, each gear represents only the effective diameter in a dashed line.

In the reduction gear G, when the rotation of the motor M is transmitted from the pinion 27 to the large diameter gear 28a of the first gear, the large diameter of the second gear in the small diameter gear 28b of the first gear is reduced. When it is transmitted to the gear 29a and when it is transmitted from the small diameter gear 29b of the second gear to the third gear 30, respectively, it is decelerated, and the action of the three-stage reduction is performed as a whole. If the gear ratios are each 1/3, for example, the total reduction ratio is 1/27.

Returning to FIG. 1, the screw-nut mechanism 14 includes the nut member 26 described above, a rod 32 screwed to the nut member 26, and a rectangular slider 33 fixed to the rod. And a guide member 34 for slidably moving the slider 33 to restrain the rotation of the rod. The nut member 26 has a cylindrical shape, and is rotatably supported by a cylindrical supporting portion 11a provided in the main body 11 of the housing. A female screw 35 is formed on the inner surface of the tip of the nut member 26. On the outer periphery of the central portion in the longitudinal direction, a flange 36 is formed to support the thrust load when the cable is operated, in particular the reaction force when the cable is pulled out. In addition, 37 and 38 are C rings which hold the washers 39 and 40 which receive thrust load, and are fitted in the annular groove formed in the outer periphery of the nut member 26.

The inner circumference of the third gear 30 is formed with a rectangular through hole for preventing rotation, and the four flat surfaces to be fitted with the through hole on the surface to be fitted with the third gear 30 of the nut member 26 (41) is formed. In addition, the base end of the nut member 26, that is, the end opposite to the side on which the female screw 35 is formed, protrudes from the cover 12, and has a coupling member for manually performing a brake release operation in the end thereof. 42) is fixed by caulking or the like. The engagement member 42 is provided with the engagement hole 42a of hexagonal cross section which engages with what is called a hexagon wrench. In addition, a stopper 43 made of rubber or the like is attached to the inner surface of the coupling member 42.

Near the one end of the rod 32, a male screw 44 which is screwed with the female screw 35 of the nut member 26 is formed. At the other end, the hole 46 which inserts the edge part of the inner cable 45 of the control cable 15, and fixes it by caulking etc. is formed. The circumference | surroundings of a hole become a thin cylindrical part, when it is caulking, it is shape | molded in square and becomes the square part 47. The slider 33 is fitted and fixed to the outer circumference of the square portion. As shown in FIG. 3, the outer circumference of the slider 33 is substantially rectangular, and is fitted to be slidably movable in the axial direction so as not to rotate with the inner surface of the cylindrical guide member 34. The base end of the guide member 34 is fitted and fixed to the outer circumference of the supporting portion 11a provided on the main body 11 of the housing.

The control cable 15 is a known one consisting of a flexible conduit 49 and the aforementioned inner cable 45 slidably received within the conduit. The conduit 49 consists of an outer sheath wound tightly spirally around a cross-sectional rectangular metal wire and a sheath made of a synthetic resin provided on the outer periphery thereof. In some cases, a tubular liner made of synthetic resin may be installed on the inner surface. The inner cable 45 was braided by joining metal wires, and in this embodiment, a coating made of synthetic resin was formed on the outer circumference thereof.

A cylindrical casing cap 50 is fixed to the end of the conduit 49 by a caulking or the like, and the flange portion provided on the casing cap is a flange portion of the free end of the guide member 34 (symbol 34a in FIG. 3). It is fixed at. A cylindrical cushion rubber 51 is provided at the inner end of the casing cap 50. As described above, the end of the inner cable 45 is fitted into the hole 46 of the rod 32 and is fixed by caulking or the like. In this embodiment, the control cable 15 employ | adopts the full control cable which transmits a pulling force. However, depending on the application, it may be a push-pull control cable.

In the screw-nut mechanism 14 and the control cable 15 configured as described above, when the third gear 30 rotates, the nut member 26 also rotates together. Since the rod 32 screwed to the nut member 26 is constrained by the guide member 34 and the slider 33, the rod 32 is rotated relative to the nut member 26 to move in the axial direction. . Thereby, the inner cable 45 connected to the rod 32 is operated in the axial direction. In the screw-nut mechanism 14, when the nut member 26 rotates one rod, the rod 32 moves by one pitch of the screw (by one lead), so that the deceleration action also takes place in this mechanism.

As the motor M, for example, a DC brushless motor having a three-phase coil phase is used. In the circuit shown in Fig. 4, the position detecting sensors Se1 to 3 for inverting the magnetic pole on the coil between the rotor of the motor M and the fixing element facing the rotor (for example, the motor housing, etc.) are provided. Is installed.

As such a sensor, a combination of three detection magnets provided in the rotor and a Hall IC sensor (hall effect element sensor) provided in the motor housing is suitable. Instead of the detection magnet, a driving magnet that works with the coils Co1 to 3 may be used. Doing so is simple. In addition to the three Hall IC sensors, other sensors such as optical sensors may be used. The outputs of these sensors are sent to a motor driver 54 including an amplifier circuit 52 such as a comparator, a current circuit 53 for inverting the magnetic pole of the coil, and the like.

In the cable drive device of the present invention, the sensor pulse output is sent to the cable operation position detection circuit 55, and the number of pulses is counted and converted into a signal indicating the cable position. The obtained cable position signal is basically sent to the microprocessor 56 as a position signal of an operation target by the cable, and the motor M is based on the operation switch SW for operating the brake ON / OFF and the like and various interlock signals. ), A control signal for forward rotation, stop, reverse rotation control, and rotation speed is generated, and the motor M is rotated / stopped through the motor driver 54.

In addition, the change in the cable reference position due to the compensation of the permanent extension of the inner cable, the wear of the friction member for the brake, etc. is calculated and stored every time or several brake operations, and can be used for proper brake operation. When compensating for the permanent extension of the inner cable, for example, as described later, when the load sensor detects a no-load state in the cable feeding operation, the motor is stopped and the reference position of the cable position is zero. Reset or the like.

In the cable drive device 10 described above, when the motor M rotates once, the speed reducer G decelerates to 1/27, for example, and the nut member 26 rotates 1/27. Thereby, the inner cable 45 is operated by 1/27 of one pitch of the screw. When 10 detection magnets are provided in the second gear 29, for example, and the hall IC elements for detecting those magnets are installed in the cover 12 of the housing, the pulse per rotation of the motor is 10/9 pulses. Occurs. However, when the excitation sensor built in the motor M is counted, even if it is 3 pulses in one rotation of the motor M, it becomes 3 / 10x9 and becomes 2.7 times the resolution.

Next, with reference to FIG. 5, embodiment of the electric brake apparatus provided with the said cable drive apparatus is described. The electric brake device 60 is connected to the cable drive device 10 described above, an equalizer 61 that is swingably connected to the other end of the inner cable 45 of the control cable 15, and is connected to the equalizer. It consists of the 2nd control cables 62 and 62 of right and left, and the brake mechanism 63 connected to the other end side of the 2nd control cable 62. As shown in FIG. The brake mechanism 63 includes a brake drum 64, a brake shoe 65 attached to the brake drum, a return spring 66 for biasing the brake drum 64 in a return direction (arrow R direction), and It is known in the art with a parking lever 67 that acts as a two control cable 62. The load sensor 17 may be interposed in the middle of the inner cable 45.

In the electric brake device 60, the brake drum 64 rotates in the direction of the arrow R under the biasing force of the return spring 66 in the normal state, and is in the state of brake release. When the driver turns on the switch SW, the motor M of the cable driving device 10 rotates in one direction, the nut member 26 of FIG. 1 rotates, and the rod 32 is pulled into the nut member. Put it in. Accordingly, the inner cable 45 of the control cable 15 connected to the rod is pulled out, and the inner cables of the two second control cables 62 are pulled through the equalizer 61 of FIG. 5. Accordingly, the parking lever 67 rotates in the brake actuation direction (arrow K) to apply the brake.

In this brake action, a stop signal is issued in comparison with the data previously stored in the above-described cable operation position detection circuit, and the motor stops. Moreover, the output of the load sensor 17 of a cable is sent to a control circuit, and it is comprised so that a motor may be stopped when it exceeds the predetermined upper limit. When the cable operation amount detection circuit detects the cable position and the cable does not move until the brake is applied, when the load of the cable exceeds a predetermined value, it is determined that the system is abnormal and sends a warning signal. For example, a warning lamp or warning buzzer can be used to alert the driver of a malfunction.

When the driver releases the brake, the motor M is rotated in the opposite direction by the operation of the switch (symbol SW in FIG. 4), and the rod 32 is fed out from the nut member 26. Accordingly, the inner cable 45 is drawn by the biasing force of the return spring 66 of the brake mechanism 63 through the inner cable and the equalizer 61 of the two second control cables 62 of FIG. 5. At the timing at which the motor M is stopped, it is necessary that the brake is sufficiently engaged and that the deflection does not occur in the inner cable 45 or the like. When the load sensor 17 is provided, the control circuit stops the motor at the point when no load is applied when the cable is fed out. Therefore, when permanent extension occurs in the cable, the cable is not fed out more than necessary. Therefore, the cable does not sag well, and the pulling operation is unnecessary even when the cable is pulled next time. In addition, as described above, since the control of the motor M of the cable driving device 10 is precise, the brake operation is appropriately performed, thereby suppressing unnecessary wear of the friction member and at the same time, a hand caused by sagging or excessive tension of the inner cable 45. Hair is suppressed.

The electric brake device 60 as described above is usually used for the operation of the parking brake. However, it is desirable to be able to operate as an emergency brake instead of a service brake in an emergency. In the above embodiment, a three-phase brushless motor is used as the motor M. A brushed motor may be used, and a three-phase or more excitation type motor can also be used.

When using a motor which does not have a pulse generating means inside, such as a brushed motor, it is preferable to provide a means for generating a pulse by rotation of the output shaft of the motor, the gear of the reducer, the nut member, or the like. Such pulse generating means is suitably a combination of a detection magnet (basically one multipole magnet) provided on a rotating member such as a rotating shaft or a gear and a Hall IC sensor (hall effect element sensor) provided on a fixed element such as a casing. Do.

The cable operating device of the present invention can also be used for various purposes as a linear actuator for pushing and pulling various cables in addition to the brake operation. Push-pull cables are used when pushing and pulling cables.

The cable drive device 70 shown in Figs. 6 and 7 is provided with a screw-nut mechanism for tuning and controlling the two control cables 15 and 15 for pulling and returning operations. Since the motor M and the reduction gear G are substantially the same as the cable drive apparatus 10 of FIGS. 1 and 2, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted. The load sensor 17 of the cable can be interposed in the middle of the inner cable 45 of one control cable 15. In this cable drive device 70, a male screw 44 is formed on a screw shaft 71 that supports the third gear 30. A nut member 26 is screwed to the male screw, and both screws are provided. -It consists of nut mechanism.

The nut member 26 is composed of a cylindrical body 26a made of synthetic resin and a square nut 26b made of metal fixed by insert molding in the body, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8. . As shown in FIG. 7, the nut member 26 is rotatably wrapped and supported by the bottom cylindrical portion 61a of the equalizer 61. The equalizer 61 is a component that is bent or drawn into a metal plate as shown in FIG. 8, and the center portion is a form in which two bottom cylindrical portions 61a face each other, and two metal plates are formed at the top and bottom thereof. It is arranged face to face. The upper two metal plates are connected to each other. The bottom cylindrical part 61a of the equalizer 61 is guided by the inner surface of the cylindrical guide member 72 so that sliding movement in the movement direction of a cable is possible.

At the tip of the cylindrical guide member 72 fixed to the housing 13, conduits of two control cables 15 and 15 are fixed by casing caps 50 and 50. One end of the casing caps 50 and 50 enters the inside of the guide member 72, and the support plate 73 is fixed to the front end thereof. The support plate 73 rotatably supports the tip of the screw shaft 71. The ends of the inner cables 45 and 45 of the two control cables 15 and 15 are fastened to the upper and lower ends of the equalizer 61 by the cable ends 74 and 74 fixedly mounted at the ends thereof. 75) is held and fixed.

Since the cable drive device 70 can perform the pull operation and the return operation by synchronizing the inner cables 45 and 45 of the two control cables 15 and 15, these control cables 15 and 15 are shown in FIG. Like the second control cables 62 and 62, it can be directly connected to the brake mechanism 63.

9A and 9B show a case where the grease chamber 76 is provided in the nut member 26. The grease chamber 76 is opened at the upper surface side, and the female thread 78 is formed in the protrusion 77 which protrudes back and forth. Since the nut member 26 is constrained so as not to rotate by the guide member 72 through the equalizer 61 as shown in FIG. 9B, the grease is retained even when a grease chamber 76 is opened on the upper surface side thereof. Does not flow In addition, since the opening of the grease chamber 76 is blocked by the equalizer 61, grease is protected. On the other hand, in the sectional view of FIG. The same applies to FIG. 2. However, it can also be made into another direction.

The grease may be semisolid or fluid. By providing the grease chamber 76 as mentioned above, the space | interval of grease oil supply can be extended significantly. Therefore, grease oil supply to the nut member 26 enclosed by the guide member 72 becomes easy.

In the cable drive device 70 of FIG. 6, the load sensor 17 is provided in the inner cable 45 of one control cable 15. That is, since the tension of the inner cable 45 of both control cables 15 is equal by the action of the equalizer 61, it is enough to detect only one side. However, it can also be provided in the inner cable 45 of both control cables 15, and tension can be detected by the average of both.

FIG. 10: shows one embodiment of the load sensor interposed in the middle of the brake operation cable (inner cable 45 of FIG. 1 or FIG. 6). The load sensor 80 of FIG. 10 can be comprised by the commercially available strain gauge, the plate 81 to which an inner cable is connected, the strain gauge 82 attached to the surface of the plate 81, and the strain gauge An electric wire 83 extending from 82 is provided. At both ends of the plate 81, engaging portions 81a and 81b are provided at the ends of the inner cable 45 for hooking the cable end 74 formed and fixedly mounted by die casting or the like.

These locking portions 81a and 81b are bent at intervals extending laterally from both ends of the plate 81, and die-cast to the corresponding portions of the bent top plate 81c and the original plate (lower plate), respectively. A catching hole 75 is formed to hang and fix the cable end 74 formed by the back, and the catching hole 75 of the upper plate 81c is in communication with the outside by an introduction groove 81d extending laterally. In addition, you may thin the middle of the plate 81 so that elastic extension may arise easily by the tension applied to a cable.

The load sensor 80 is subjected to a load on the cable, and when the plate 81 elastically deforms, the electrical resistance of the strain gauge 82 changes. The load can be detected by precisely measuring the change with a Wheatstone bridge or the like.

The load sensor 84 shown in FIG. 11 has a box-shaped case 85, a cable 45a to a rod accommodated axially inside thereof, and a piston-type fastening fixed to the tip of the cable 45a. The member 87, the compression member 88 interposed between the locking member 87 and the inner surface of the case 85, and disposed around the cable 45a, and the case 85 of the locking member 87. The position sensor 89 which detects the relative position with respect to is provided. Examples of the position sensor 89 include a magnet 90 attached to the locking member 87, a hall IC 91 attached to the case 85, and the like. Limit switches can also be used. In the case of FIG. 11, the compression coil spring is employ | adopted as the compression spring 88. As shown in FIG. However, several folded plate springs may be employed. One end of the case 85 has a through hole 85a through which the cable 45a penetrates.

The load sensor 84 of the stroke detection type configured as described above is provided with a catching portion 85b at the other end or another portion of the case 85, and the inner cable (of the brake operation cable 15) is provided at the catching portion. 45) is hooked by the cable end 74 to secure it. The other end of the cable 45a is connected to the end of the male threaded rod 32 or the slider 33 of FIG. In the case of FIG. 6, the cable end 74 is fixedly mounted at the end of the cable 45a and connected to the equalizer 61. Thereby, the tension of the inner cable 45 for operating the brake can be detected by the load sensor 84.

That is, when the tension applied between the rod 86 and the inner cable 45 is small, the locking member 87 is moved to the left side in FIG. 11 by the action of the compression spring 88. And when a large tension is applied to the inner cable 45, the locking member 87 moves to the right against the biasing force of the compression spring 88. As a result, the hall IC 90 detects the magnetism of the magnet 91 and can detect that the tension of the inner cable 45 is excessive or no load is applied.

The load sensors 80 and 84 of FIGS. 10 and 11 are, for example, load sensors interposed in the middle of the inner cable 45 in the cable drive device 10 of FIG. 1 and the cable drive device 70 of FIG. 17). Accordingly, it is possible to detect whether excessive tension is applied to the inner cable 45 during the operation of the parking brake. If excessive tension is detected during brake operation, the motor M is temporarily stopped, and if excessive tension remains even when the brake is applied for two or three times, an abnormality is assumed. The indicator lights or a buzzer to inform the driver. In addition, the motor M may be stopped.

Although the load sensors 80 and 84 are interposed in the middle of the cable (inner cable 45) in the said embodiment, between the rod 32 and the inner cable 45 of FIG. 1, or the inner cable 45 of FIG. And may be interposed between the equalizer 61. Furthermore, in the above embodiment, the load sensor is provided inside the housing 13 of the cable drive mechanism, but may be provided outside as shown in FIG. 5. However, in order to protect the load sensor, it is preferable to provide the inside of the housing 13.

The cable drive device 100 of FIG. 12 includes an emergency release mechanism (emergency mechanism) 101 capable of remote operation. This emergency release mechanism 101 is used for the cable drive devices 10 and 70 of FIG. 1 or FIG. The basic configuration of this cable drive device 100 is substantially the same as the cable drive device 10 of FIG. 6, which rotates the screw shaft 71 through the motor M and the reducer G, and the screw shaft and the screw. The nut member 26 to be engaged is driven straight, and the inner cable 45 of the pull control cable is pulled and fed.

In the emergency release mechanism 101, the screw shaft (rotating member) 71 is configured to be movable in the axial direction between the normal position away from the cable and the release position close to the cable side. Such a configuration can be realized by, for example, connecting the third gear 30 and the screw shaft 71 to be movable in the axial direction by a spline or the like so as to enable torque transmission. The emergency mechanism 101 is also a catch mechanism for constraining the screw shaft 71 to a normal position while allowing the rotation of the screw shaft 71 in a normal time and moving the rotating member screw shaft 71 to a release position in an emergency. 102 and a release cable 103 composed of means for remotely operating the catch mechanism 102, for example, a full control cable.

In the embodiment of FIG. 12, the rotating member is the screw shaft 71, and the straight member is the nut member 26. However, as in the case of FIG. 1, the rotating member may be the nut member 26, and the straight member may be the rod 32 provided with the external thread. In this embodiment, one end of the screw shaft 71 protrudes from the housing (or the cover 12) of the reducer G, and the cylindrical catch member 104 bottomed at the end is movable in an axial direction, It installs so that rotation is possible, and it biases so that the catch member 104 may protrude from the end part of the screw shaft 71 with the 1st spring 105. FIG.

A compression coil spring or the like is used for the first spring 105, and one end is fixed to the catching member 104 and the other end is caught by a catching part such as a C ring 71a provided on the screw shaft 71. In the inner surface of the catch member 104, a recess 104a into which a part of the ball 106 enters is formed. The recessed part 104a is formed in annular shape, and the edge part has a taper shape so that the ball 106 may sit up easily.

And the cylindrical ball holding member 107 which is slidably fitted with the outer peripheral surface of the catch member 104 is provided in the stop part, such as a vehicle body of an automobile. The ball holding member 107 is provided with a plurality of through-holes 108 for accommodating the balls 106, and the balls 106 are held therein. The ball 106 can use ordinary steel balls and the like.

The control rod 109 is accommodated in the ball holding member 107 so as to be movable in the axial direction. The outer circumference of the control rod 109 is formed with a groove 109a for accommodating a part of the ball 106. The groove 109a is formed in an annular shape, and the end thereof is formed in a tapered shape so that the ball 106 is easy to sit up. One end of the remote control release cable 103 is connected to an end of the control rod 109. The release cable 103 or the control rod 109 is biased to the left side of FIG. 12 by the second spring 110. The second spring 110 is, for example, a compression coil spring, one end of which is secured to the flange portion 109b of the control rod 109, and the other end of which is fixed to the stop member 111. In addition, a tension coil spring can also be used.

As for the emergency release mechanism 101 comprised as mentioned above, the release cable 103 is not pulled like FIG. 12 (and 1st process S1 of FIG. 13) in normal state, and the 2nd spring 110 of The control rod 109 moves to the left along the bias force. Therefore, the ball 106 sits on the outer circumference of the control rod 109 and a part thereof enters the recess 104a of the catch member 104. Accordingly, the screw shaft 71 is constrained to the right side, that is, the normal position of FIG. Therefore, the rotation of the motor M is transmitted to the screw shaft 71 through the reducer G, and the nut member 26 is operated in the axial direction through the screwing. As a result, the inner cable 45 of the full control cable can be pulled and released, and for example, the brake operation and release of the parking brake can be performed by electric driving.

In an emergency situation in which energization to the motor M is stopped while the brake is applied, the release cable 103 is pulled to the right in FIG. 12 against the biasing force of the second spring 115. Thereby, like the 2nd process S2 of FIG. 13, the control rod 109 is pulled and the ball 106 falls into the groove 109a of the control rod 109. FIG. As a result, the engagement of the ball 106 and the catch member 104 is released, and the screw shaft 71 and the nut member 26 screwed thereon are movable in the axial direction. As a result, the operation of the object that the cable 15 is operating, for example, the operation of the parking brake, is released. In the third step S3 of FIG. 13, the cable is pulled by the return spring on the brake side, and the screw shaft 71 and the nut member 26 are moved to the left side. Accordingly, the vehicle can be driven or pushed by hand.

The operation of pulling the release cable 103 is usually operated with a lever or the like close to the driver. However, the electrical system may be performed by other means, such as a solenoid actuator. After the energization of the motor M is restored, as shown in the fourth step S4 of FIG. 13, the pulling force of the release cable 103 is released, and the control rod (by the biasing force of the second spring 110) 109) to the left. The ball 106 thus again sits on the surface of the control rod 109. In this state, the motor M is rotated in the same direction as the brake release direction. In this case, since the screw shaft 71 is movable in the axial direction, the nut member 26 cannot move to the right against the biasing force of the return spring on the brake side, and conversely, the screw shaft 71 moves to the right. (5th process S5 of FIG. 14).

At this time, the catch member 104 is fitted to the outer circumference of the ball holding member 107. Even if the end of the catch member 104 hits the ball 106, the ball 106 rides on the surface of the control rod 109. The catch member 104 therefore does not go further. And only the screw shaft 71 moves to the right against the 2nd spring 110, and the front end touches the front-end | tip of the control rod 109 (6th process S6). When the screw shaft 71 rotates again, the screw shaft 71 pushes the control rod 109 to the right against the biasing force of the first spring 105 (seventh step S7). When the control rod 109 retreats to the right, the ball 106 enters the groove 109a on the surface of the control rod 109. Thereby, the catch member 104 is deeply engaged by the outer periphery of the ball holding member 107, and the catch member 104 is covered by the outer periphery of the ball 106 (8th process S8). After that, the brake operation can be performed by returning to the normal parking brake operating mode and rotating the motor M in the direction of applying the brake, that is, in the direction of drawing the cable 15, and rotating the brake in the opposite direction. You can turn it off.

In the said embodiment, although the catch member 104 is provided so that an axial movement and rotation is possible with respect to the screw shaft 71, the catch member 104 is installed so that it may not rotate with respect to the screw shaft 71, and the catch It may also be configured to allow rotation between the member 104 and the ball 106. Moreover, although the catch member 104 is covered by the outer periphery of the ball holding member 107, and the control rod 109 is inserted into the inner periphery, the catch member 104 is inserted into the inner periphery of the ball holding member 107, and a cylindrical shape is carried out. Control member may be provided on the outer circumference of the ball holding member 107.

In addition, although the catch mechanism 102 using the ball 106 is used in the said embodiment, a catch mechanism can also be comprised by a pair of jaw members etc. which are elastically closed. For example, as shown in FIG. 15, the pair of jaw members 113 grasp the engaging member 112 rotatably provided at the end of a rotating member such as a screw shaft or a cylindrical nut member 26. The jaw member 113 is biased in the direction of always being grasped by the spring 114. In addition, when returning from the state in which the engaging member 112 is pulled out, the jaw member 113 or the engaging member pushes the end member 113 of the engaging member 112 against the biasing force of the spring 114 when it returns. It is preferable to provide a tapered surface at 112. And the release cable 103 is configured to be operable to open the jaw member 113.

In the cable drive device 100 of FIG. 12, the restraint / release of the movement in the axial direction of the screw shaft 71 is operated by the pulling operation of the release cable 103, by another mechanism including an electric drive means. The screw shaft 71 may be remotely controlled to restrain / release the movement in the axial direction. On the other hand, since it is a temporary operation at the time of emergency, it can also be comprised so that a driver or a passenger may operate the control rod 109 etc. directly, without using remote control means, such as the release cable 103.

The basic structure of the cable drive device 120 shown in FIG. 16 is the same as that of the cable drive device 10 shown in FIG. 1, and is provided with a jaw catch type emergency release mechanism 121. That is, the cutting groove 34b extending in the axial direction is formed near the free end of the guide member 34, and the engaging jaw 122 is rotatably supported by the housing 13 in the vicinity thereof ( See FIG. 17). The engaging jaw 122 is provided with a support piece 123 and an operation piece (operation lever) 124 extending radially outward from the rotation center. The engaging jaw 122 extends from the support shaft 123 in an oblique direction, and the front end is engaged with the inner surface side of the bracket 51a. The coupling jaw 122 is biased in the clockwise direction of FIG. 16 by a spring 125 such as a torsion coil spring. In the normal state, the distal end of the engaging jaw 122 engages with the bracket 51a to restrain the movement of the bracket 51a to the right in FIG. When the operation piece 124 is operated to rotate the engaging jaw 122 counterclockwise, the restraint is opened.

That is, the engaging jaw 122 and the spring 125 are restraint mechanisms for restraining the movement of the bracket 51a in the axial direction, and the operation piece 124 is an open operation means for releasing the restraint. And the coupling jaw 122, the spring 125 and the operation piece 124 is the whole constitutes an emergency release mechanism 121. On the other hand, the remote control release cable 126 can also be connected to the operation piece 124. As the release cable 126, an inner cable of a full control cable consisting of an inner cable and a conduit can be used. However, if an appropriate guide means such as a pulley or slide guide is adopted, only the inner cable can be used as a release cable. The conduit of the pull control cable can also be used as the release cable, or the inner cable or conduit of the push pull control cable can be used as the release cable.

In the cable drive device 120 configured as described above, the emergency release mechanism 121 operates in the same manner as in the case of FIG. That is, in the screw-nut mechanism 14 and the control cable 15, when the 3rd gear 30 rotates, the nut member 26 also rotates together. Since the rod 32 screwed to the nut member 26 is constrained by the guide member 34 and the slider 33, the rod 32 is rotated relative to the nut member 26 to move in the axial direction. . Thereby, the inner cable 45 connected to the rod 32 is operated in the axial direction. In this operation, since the movement to the right side of the bracket 51a is constrained by the engaging jaw 122, the conduit 49 can support the reaction force of the inner cable 45, and the inner cable 45 is on the right side. It can move to and can operate to pull an operation member. In addition, the pulling operation can be released by rotation of the motor M in the opposite direction.

In the cable drive device 120, the wire of the motor M is disconnected in a state in which the inner cable 45 of the control cable 15 is pulled and operated (the slider 33 is moved to the right). When such a failure occurs, the operation piece 124 is rotated counterclockwise against the bias force of the spring 125 to open the engagement of the engaging jaw 122 and the bracket 51a. As a result, the end portions of the bracket 51a and the conduit 49 move to the right as a reaction of the tension applied to the inner cable 45, and the tension of the inner cable 45 is lost. That is, since the conduit 49 cannot support the reaction force of the inner cable 45, the pulling operation of the operation member by the inner cable 45 is eliminated. When the failure of the electric system is recovered, the nut member 26 is rotated by the motor M to move the rod 32 to the left side, and the cushion rubber 51 is pushed to move the bracket 51a to the original position. Return

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the engaging jaw 122 extends in an oblique direction, and the inner surface forms the cam. That is, the engaging jaw 122 is rotated in the clockwise direction by the biasing force of the spring 125 to abut on the end of the bracket (51a). When the failure of the electric system is restored and the bracket 51a is returned to its original position, the bracket 51a pushes the inner surface of the coupling jaw 122 to open the operation piece 124 and returns to the original position. Goes. When the bracket 51a is returned to its original position, the bracket 51a is automatically engaged with the bracket 51a again by the biasing force of the spring 125.

The cable drive device as described above is used for the operation of the parking brake as the electric brake device 60 of FIG. 5, similarly to the case of FIG. 1. The emergency release mechanism 121 which can be operated manually described above is employed when the electric system breaks down or is embarrassed while the brake is applied like the electric brake device 60. In other words, if the electric system breaks while the brake is applied, the brake cannot be released and the vehicle cannot be moved. In this case, when the release cable 126 of the emergency release mechanism 121 is pulled, the engaging jaw 122 is pulled out of the bracket 51a as described above, and the bracket 51a and the conduit 49 are moved forward (in Fig. 1). To the right). The tension of the inner cable 45 is thereby lost, and the brake is released. Therefore, the car can be moved.

Next, another embodiment of the cable drive device of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 18 to 21. The cable drive device 130 shown in FIG. 18 is substantially the same as the cable drive device 120 of FIG. 16 except for the emergency release mechanism 131. In addition, the emergency release mechanism 131 may be partially different from the guide member 34 such that the guide member 34 can be moved in the axial direction, or the coupling jaw 122 is installed up and down, but is basically the same as the emergency release mechanism 121 of FIG. 16. It has a configuration. Therefore, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same part and description is abbreviate | omitted.

In the emergency release mechanism 131 of FIG. 18, the guide member 34 is detached from the housing 13, integrated with the bracket 51a with a screw, or the like, and slidably fitted with the guide member 34. The second guide 132 protrudes from the housing 13. In addition, the guide member 34 and the second guide 132 are each formed in a substantially rectangular tube shape, and the guide member 34 is telescopically fitted to the outside of the second guide 132. In other words, the original guide member is divided into two to form a sliding coupling to be movable. The guide member 34 may be fitted to the inner surface side of the second guide 132. In addition, the guide member 34 and the 2nd guide 132 may be comprised only by the upper and lower plates.

Furthermore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 19, the upper and lower pairs of engaging jaws 122 and 122 are rotatably provided in the upper and lower ends of the support bracket 134 attached to the housing 13, respectively. That is, the support bracket 134 is a plate bent in a U-shape in plan view, and supports the support shaft 123 protruding from the left and right of the coupling jaw 122 to the bent piece of the support bracket 134 so as to be rotatable. . On the other hand, the support bracket 134 and the second guide 132 may be integrally formed.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 20, while fixing the operation piece 124 to the end of the support shaft 123, a gap is provided between the operation piece 124 and the support bracket 134, and coupled to the gap. The spring 125 which biases the jaw 122 is interposed. The spring 125 can be made into a torsion coil spring, for example, and both ends of the torsion coil spring are fixed to the operation piece 122 and the support bracket 134 (see FIG. 19).

In addition, by installing the upper and lower coupling jaw 122, the common plate 135 is connected to the distal end of the release cable 126, and the common plate 135 is operated on the upper and lower coupling jaw 122. ). In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 19 and 20, the common plate 135 is substantially triangular, and the distal end of the release cable 126 is rotatably connected by the cable end 136 and the pin 137. have. In addition, by forming the long hole 138 in the operation piece 124 and fitting with the pin 139 protruding from the common plate 135, the straight movement of the common plate 135 and the rotational movement of the operation piece 124. It is configured to allow. However, other connecting means may be employed, such as forming a long hole in the common plate 135 and providing a pin to the operation piece 124.

Moreover, as the guide member 34 and the bracket 51a are integrated, they are accommodated in the case 69 which can enclose all of them by airtight and liquid sealing. The case 69 may be integrated with the housing 13. And the release cable 126 is used as the inner cable of a full control cable, and the edge part of the conduit 126a which guides the inner cable so that sliding can be fixed to the step part 69a provided in the case 69 is fixed.

In the emergency release mechanism 130 configured as described above, the tip of the engaging jaw 122 is engaged with the tip of the guide member 34 as shown in the upper side of FIG. 21 in a normal state. Thus, as shown in FIG. 18, the ends of the bracket 51a and the conduit 49 cannot move to the right, and can maintain the tension of the inner cable 45 connected to the slider 33. Therefore, the rod 32 with the male screw 44 moves to the right by the rotation of the motor M, and the slider 33 moves to the right while being guided by the guide member 34. Thereby, an operation member such as a parking brake can be pulled and operated through the inner cable 45 connected to the sliders 33 to 32. Meanwhile, in the state shown in FIG. 9, the tip of the coupling jaw 122 abuts against the surface of the second guide 132 by the biasing force of the spring 125, and is engaged with the tip of the guide member 34 in that state. . Therefore, the bond is certain.

In case of an emergency such as a breakdown of the electric system, the release cable 126 is pulled in the direction of an arrow P1. Thereby, as shown in the lower side of FIG. 21, the common plate 135 moves to the left, rotates the upper operation piece 124 clockwise, and the lower operation piece 124 counterclockwise, respectively, The upper and lower pairs of coupling jaws 122 and 122 are also rotated in the same manner. As a result, the engagement of the engaging jaws 122 and 122 and the tip of the guide member 34 is released, and the guide member 34 is pushed to the right by the reaction force of the inner cable 45 for brake operation. As a result, the tension of the inner cable 45 is released, and the force for pulling the operation member such as the parking brake is eliminated. In this state, when the force pulling the release cable 126 is weakened, the tip of the coupling jaw 122 abuts against the surface of the guide member 34 by the biasing force of the spring 125. Therefore, it is possible to maintain the released state without pulling the release cable 126.

When the failure of the electric system is recovered, the motor M is rotated in the direction of feeding the inner cable 45. Thereby, the rod 32 of FIG. 18 moves to the left, and the slider 33 pushes the cushion rubber 51 of the bracket 51a to the left. Therefore, when the guide member 34 also moves to the left side and the tip of the guide member 34 moves to the left side from the tip of the coupling jaw 122, the coupling jaw 122 is guided by the bias force of the spring 125. It rotates to the position which engages with the front-end | tip of the member 34. Thereby, it returns to the state on FIG. 21, and the pulling operation of the inner cable 45 by the normal motor M can be performed.

In the cable drive devices 120 and 130 of FIGS. 16 and 18, the engaging jaw 122 holds the tip of the bracket 51a or the guide member 34 so as to face the force pushed by the conduit 49. 22A and 22B, the engaging jaw 122 hanging from the rear of the tip of the bracket 51a or the guide member 34 may be employed. Also in this case, the spring 125 for returning the engaging jaw 122 to the engaging direction is provided, and the bracket 51a does not return to the original position when the bracket 51a is advanced. It is preferable to make the engaging jaw 122 abut on the outer surface of the. Accordingly, once the coupling of the coupling jaw 122 is removed to decompress the conduit 49, the bracket 51a can be automatically returned to the engaged state when the bracket 51a is returned to its original position.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 22C, a coupling pin 140 that engages in a direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the bracket 51a or the guide member 34 may be employed. Even in this case, a spring 125 for biasing the coupling pin 140 in the coupling direction is provided.

In the release mechanism 141 shown in FIG. 23, a female screw 142 is formed in a bracket 51a holding a conduit 49, and a screw shaft 143 for screwing with the female screw is rotatably provided. The rotating cable 144 is connected to the screw shaft 143. However, other rotation control means such as a handle may be connected. It is noted that reference numeral 145 denotes a guide shaft for guiding the bracket 51a in the axial direction so as not to rotate.

In the cable drive device provided with this release mechanism 141, when the electric system breaks down while tension is applied to the inner cable 45, the bracket 51a can be moved by rotating the other end of the rotating cable 144. And thus the compression force of the conduit 49 can be released. And when the electrical system is returned, the bracket 51a can be returned to its original position by rotating the rotary cable 144 in the opposite direction. On the other hand, the screw shaft 143 is fixed to the bracket 51a, and the female screw 142 which screws with the screw shaft can also be rotatably provided.

In the above embodiment, the coupling jaw 122 or the coupling pin 140 is biased to the coupling position side by the spring 125, and the coupling jaw 122 or the coupling pin 140 is engaged using a so-called center over spring. It may be configured to bias to the coupling side when close to the position, and to the leaving side when close to the exit side. In that case, the driver does not automatically return, and the driver or the like operates each time from the outside.

In the cable drive apparatus 10 of FIG. 1 etc., the rotation of the motor M is decelerated by the gear parallel type reducer, and is transmitted to the rotating member. However, the cable drive device of the present invention is not limited to such a reducer, and a planetary gear reducer may be used. It is also possible to employ a reducer using a pulley and a belt or a reducer using a so-called winding conduction mechanism using a chain and a sprocket. Moreover, the speed reducer which connected the normal gear type reducer and the winding conduction mechanism in series can also be employ | adopted.

FIG. 24 shows an embodiment of a pulley type reducer used in the cable drive device 10 of FIG. 1 and the like. This reducer Gb is wound around a small diameter toothed pulley 147a, 148a, 149a and a large diameter toothed pulley 147b, 148b, 149b and their small diameter pulley and a large diameter pulley set and connected Three sets of reduction gears 147, 148 and 149 of the toothed belt (timing belt) 147c, 148c and 149c are provided. That is, the first reduction unit 147 is rotatably supported by the first small diameter pulley 147a fixed to the output shaft 25 of the motor M and the first shaft 150, and is provided with the first small diameter. It consists of a 1st large diameter toothed pulley 147b connected by the diameter pulley 147a and the 1st geared belt 147c.

The second deceleration portion 148 includes a second small diameter toothed pulley 148a rotatably supported by the first shaft 150 to rotate together with the first large diameter toothed pulley 147b, and the second It consists of the 2nd large diameter toothed pulley 148b rotatably supported by the shaft 151, and connected to the 2nd small diameter toothed pulley 148a and the 2nd toothed belt 148c.

The third deceleration part 149 is a third small diameter toothed pulley 149a which rotates together with the second large diameter toothed pulley 148c and a third toothed belt fixed to an outer circumference of the nut member 26. A third large diameter toothed pulley (output pulley) 149b connected to the third small diameter toothed pulley 149a through 149c is provided.

The inner circumference of the third large-diameter pulley 149b is formed with a rectangular through hole 152 for preventing rotation, and is fitted to the nut member 26 of FIG. 1, for example. In that case, four flat surfaces to be fitted with the through hole are formed on the surface of the nut member 26. The third large-diameter pulley 149b may be fitted into the screw shaft 71 of FIG. 6, and in this case, a flat surface having a square cross section is formed on the surface of the screw shaft.

In the case of using the pulley type reducer 146 shown in FIG. 24, the same cable driving action as in the case of using the gear type reducer can be achieved, and the sound is quiet. On the other hand, when slippage may occur between the belt and the pulley, a combination of the V belt and the V groove pulley may be used instead of the combination of the toothed belt and the toothed pulley. You can also use a combination of chain and sprocket. As a chain, a silent chain is preferable.

In the cable drive device of the present invention, when the motor rotates in one direction, for example, in the direction of pulling the cable, the rotating member rotates to drive the straight member in the direction of pulling the cable by the conversion mechanism. Also, if the motor rotates in the other direction, it weakens the force to push or pull the cable. Thereby, the reciprocating operation of a cable can be performed. Since the operation amount of the cable at that time corresponds to the rotational speed (or rotation angle) of the motor, the pulse generating means generates pulses of the number corresponding to the operation amount of the cable. As a result, the converting means counts the number of pulses and converts them into the operation amount of the cable, so that the precise operation amount of the cable can be detected.

The second aspect of the electric cable drive device of the present invention can detect the load applied to the cable, and can immediately recognize that the driver is abnormal with a warning signal when an excessive load is applied to the cable. In addition, it is possible to take appropriate measures such as stopping the motor by using the warning signal. Accordingly, the safety of the cable operation target or the device itself can be ensured.

In the second aspect of the electric cable drive device, detecting the tension of the cable and stopping the motor at the point when no load is applied at the time of the cable feeding operation is necessary. Do not send. Therefore, the cable does not sag well, and the pulling operation more than necessary is unnecessary even when pulling the cable next time. In addition, since the load applied to the cable can be detected, appropriate measures can be taken, such as stopping the motor immediately when an excessive load is applied to the cable. Accordingly, the safety of the cable operation target or the device itself can be ensured.

When the cable is a cable for operating a parking brake of a motor vehicle, the precision of the amount of operation of the cable is improved to allow delicate adjustment of the brake force. Therefore, the brake operation can be performed with a more suitable brake force than the conventional electric drive parking brake device.

When the rotating member of the conversion mechanism includes a female screw, and the straight member is a male screw that is screwed with the female screw of the rotating member, the male screw that is screwed therein is rotated when the motor rotates and the rotating member rotates. Move in the direction of The cable connected to the male thread is thus operated in the axial direction. In addition, since the rotation is converted to the straight motion by the screw mechanism, a large deceleration action (force action) can be obtained even in that portion. In addition, the axial external force transmitted through the cable is not converted to the rotational force of the rotating member, and does not affect the reducer or the motor.

When the rotation member of the conversion mechanism is a male screw and the straight member is a nut member screwed with the male screw, when the motor rotates and the male screw rotates, the nut member screwed thereto moves in the axial direction. The cable connected to the nut member is thus operated in the axial direction. In addition, since the rotation is converted to the straight motion by the screw mechanism, a large deceleration action (force action) can be obtained even in that portion. In addition, the axial external force transmitted through the cable is not converted to the rotational force of the rotating member, and does not affect the reducer or the motor.

In the case where the equalizer is swingably provided on the nut member, the two cables can be tuned to pull or loosen (push operation), and the difference in the operating force of the two cables is absorbed by the equalizer. Therefore, two operation objects can be operated by tuning with equal force.

In the case where the grease chamber is provided in the nut member, grease can always be supplied to the screw member of the nut member and the male screw, thereby improving durability. In addition, a large amount of grease can be charged into the grease chamber to maintain maintenance intervals.

In the case where the motor is a brushless motor and the pulse generating means is for determining the excitation timing for the coil, which is installed in the drive mechanism inside the brushless motor, it is preliminarily built in the brushless motor. Since the rotation pulse generating means for effectively determining the excitation timing on the coil is effectively used and the output of the rotation pulse generating means is counted and converted into an operation amount of the cable. There is no need to install it separately, which simplifies configuration. In addition, since the rotation pulse generation means incorporating the motor generates a pulse corresponding to the constant on the coil per revolution, even if it is about 2 to 3 pulses for one rotation of the motor, the rotation pulse generation means according to the reduction ratio for one rotation of the intermediate gear of the reduction gear Several times the pulse can be obtained. Therefore, the movement amount of the cable can be detected accurately.

In the second aspect of the cable drive device of the present invention, when the means for detecting the load is provided with a strain gauge, the load applied to the cable can be detected accurately and continuously based on the output of the strain gauge. . Therefore, protection of a cable etc. can be performed much more reliably.

In addition, when the means for detecting the load is provided with a spring that elastically deforms against the tensile force of the cable and a means for detecting the amount of deformation of the spring, the load detecting means is inexpensive and simple in a simple configuration. can do.

In the third aspect of the electric cable drive device of the present invention, when the motor rotates, the rotation of the motor rotates the rotary member through the reducer and converts the linear member into a linear motion of the straight member which is screwed with the rotary member. When the motor rotates in the opposite direction, the straight member moves in the opposite direction. Therefore, by selecting the rotation direction of the motor, the cable connected to the straight member can be reciprocated in the axial direction.

When a failure occurs in the electric system, the rotating member can be rotated by means of rotating the rotating member of the emergency release mechanism. Accordingly, the cable can be manipulated by moving the straight member. In this case, the screw can be operated against a large load by the screwing of the rotating member and the straight member, and the tension of the cable and the listening state of the brake can be felt by the resistance for rotating the rotating member. Therefore, proper manual operation can be performed.

In the case where the end of the rotating member protrudes from the housing of the reducer, and the means for rotating the rotating means is a coupling portion of a cross-sectional shape provided at the end of the protruding rotating member, the electric system or the motor may be broken. In an emergency, the rotating member can be easily rotated by using a tool to rotate the engaging section of the cross-section that protrudes from the housing of the reducer, making manual operation of the cable much easier.

In the fourth aspect of the electric cable drive device of the present invention, since the restraint mechanism of the emergency release mechanism restrains the rotation member from moving in the axial direction in the normal state, the rotation member rotates in the axial direction when the motor and the reducer rotate. Rotate without moving. Therefore, the straight member can move straight and operate the cable against the load of the member to be operated.

In the case of an emergency in which a failure of the electric system occurs while operating the member to be operated in one direction with a cable, the restraint mechanism is released by operating the restraint mechanism by external operation. As a result, the rotating member and the straight member are integrated to be movable in the axial direction, and the operation state by the cable can be eliminated.

When the said restraint mechanism is arrange | positioned so that it may oppose the edge part of a rotation member, and it will be equipped with the catch mechanism which will receive and restrain when the end part is pressed toward a restraint mechanism, and will restrain until it is released by external operation with respect to the pressurization of the opposite direction In the normal state, the catch mechanism restricts the movement of the rotating member in the axial direction. Thus, the rotating member can operate the cable with the straight member against the reaction force of the operation of the cable. In an emergency, the restraint of the rotating member by the catch member is released by external operation. As a result, the operating force of the cable can be eliminated. Since the operation at that time does not need to rotate the rotating member, there is an advantage that the operation force of the cable can be easily solved in a short time.

When the failure of the electric system is recovered in a state where the restraint of the rotating member by the catch member is released, the rotating member is rotated by rotating the motor. In that case, the rotating member rotates with respect to the straight member, and the rotating member is pressed toward the catch member side. Therefore, it is possible to simply return to the original restrained state.

According to the fifth aspect of the electric cable drive device of the present invention, when the motor rotates, the rotation of the motor rotates the rotary member through the reducer, and converts the linear member into a linear motion of the straight member which is screwed with the rotary member. When the motor rotates in the opposite direction, the straight member moves in the opposite direction. Therefore, the inner cable connected to the straight member can be reciprocally biased in the axial direction by selecting the rotation direction of the motor. In the normal state, since the conduit is constrained in the axial direction by the restraint mechanism, the conduit can support the reaction force of the inner cable, and the axial bias force applied to the inner cable is transmitted to the operation member, The operating member can be operated by the motor through the inner cable.

In the case of an abnormality such as when a failure occurs in the electrical system, the opening operation means is operated externally to release the restraint of the restraint mechanism. As a result, the conduit cannot support the reaction force of the inner cable, and the operation force on the operation member (operation target) is eliminated.

The engaging mechanism retains the end of the conduit, a coupling member engaged with the bracket to move between the restraining position and a release position allowing movement, and a spring biasing the engaging member to the side of the restraining position. When the opening operation means is to operate the coupling member against the biasing force of the spring to the release position side, in case of emergency, the coupling member is opposed to the biasing force of the spring by the opening operation means. Move to the release position. At that time, the spring elastically deforms and accumulates energy. Therefore, when the failure or the like of the electric system is restored, it is possible to easily return to the original restrained state by moving the jaw to the restraint position side using the restoring force of the spring.

When the coupling member is provided in pairs with the centerline of the conduit interposed, a force for engaging the bracket comes near the center position of the conduit. Therefore, it is easy to balance the force. In addition, when the opening operation means is a release cable that transmits a tensile force (claim 4), it is easy to operate in a spaced position.

Since the sixth aspect of the cable drive device of the present invention is held at the position where the holding mechanism compresses the conduit in the normal state, the member to be operated can be operated by the tension / relaxation to push and pull operation of the inner cable. In an emergency, the tension of the inner cable can be released by moving the conduit to a position where the compression force is released by the holding mechanism.

When the holding mechanism is provided with a bracket for holding an end of the conduit, a rotating member screw-nut coupled to the bracket, and an operating means for rotating the rotating member from the outside, the rotating member is provided by the operating means. By operating externally, the position of the bracket can be moved to bring the conduit into compression or to release the compression force. When the operation means is provided with the rotary cable, the position of the bracket can be moved by remote operation.

The control cable is a pull control cable for operating the brake, and when the inner cable of the pull control cable is always tensioned by the return spring of the brake, the inner cable is rotated by rotating the motor in one direction of the motor. Can be pulled out and the cable can be fed by weakening the pulling force of the inner cable by rotating in the other direction of the motor to follow the biasing force of the return spring. In addition, when a failure occurs in the electric system while a large tension is applied to the inner cable, the tension of the inner cable can be released by the aforementioned emergency release mechanism, and the operating state of the member to be operated can be canceled.

Since the electric brake apparatus of this invention is equipped with the above-mentioned emergency release mechanism, it can apply | hang and release a brake by pulling a cable by motor drive. Even when a failure occurs in the electric system while the brake is applied, the cable can be released by manual operation by the emergency release mechanism, and the brake can be released. Thereby, a car etc. can be moved. On the other hand, even in a state in which a brake operation by a cable cannot be performed, service brakes such as hydraulic brakes can usually be used, so driving of a car or the like is not a problem.

In the seventh aspect of the cable drive device of the present invention, when the motor rotates in one direction, for example, in the direction of pulling the cable, the rotating member rotates to drive the straight member in the direction of pulling the cable by the conversion mechanism. Also, if the motor rotates in the other direction, it weakens the force to push or pull the cable. Thereby, reciprocating operation of a cable can be performed. And since the reducer is composed of the rotating element and the winding conduction element, the gears do not mesh. Therefore, the noise of the reducer is less generated.

If the rotating element is a pulley and the winding conductive element is a belt, the generation of noise is much less. When the pulley is a toothed pulley and the belt is a toothed belt, no slip occurs between the rotation of the motor and the conversion mechanism. Therefore, the control of the motor is assured. Furthermore, the amount of operation of the cable can be detected by detecting the rotation of the motor or the rotation of the toothed pulley. In addition, there is no need for grease in the belt, and there is no worry about the grease falling out.

In the case where the cable is a cable for operating the parking brake of the vehicle, the operation sound of the cable is not prominent even when the engine is idling. Therefore, there is less discomfort of the driver or passenger.

Since the electric brake apparatus of this invention uses the cable drive apparatus mentioned above, a structure is simple and the control precision of a brake force is high. In addition, when a load sensor is used, safety can be improved. Furthermore, when using an equalizer, the left and right brake force can be equalized. When the emergency release mechanism is provided, the brake can be manually released even when a failure occurs in the electric system. Noise reduction can be achieved when using a reducer of the winding-up type.

Claims (31)

A motor, a reducer connected to the output shaft of the motor, a rotating member connected to the output side of the reducer, a conversion mechanism for converting rotation of the rotating member into a straight motion of the straight member, and a cable connected to the straight member And means for detecting an operation amount of the cable, And said means for detecting comprises means for counting the output of pulse generating means for generating pulses in accordance with the rotation of said motor and converting it into an operation amount of a cable. A motor, a reducer connected to the output shaft of the motor, a rotating member connected to the output side of the reducer, a conversion mechanism for converting rotation of the rotating member into a straight motion of the straight member, and a cable connected to the straight member And a load detecting means for detecting a tension of the cable, and a control means for transmitting a warning signal when the output of the load detecting means is out of a predetermined allowable range. The electric cable drive device according to claim 2, wherein the control means stops the motor when the cable becomes no load when the cable is discharging operation. The electric cable drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the cable is a cable for operating a parking brake of an automobile. 4. The electric cable drive according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rotation member of the conversion mechanism is provided with a female screw, and the straight member is a male screw that is screwed into the female screw of the rotation member. Device. The electric cable drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the rotation member of the conversion mechanism is a male screw, and the straight member is a nut member screwed with the male screw. 7. The electric cable drive device according to claim 6, wherein an equalizer is oscillated on the nut member. The electric cable drive device according to claim 6 or 7, wherein a grease chamber is provided in the nut member. The method of claim 1, wherein the motor is a brushless motor, And the pulse generating means is for determining the excitation timing for the coil on the drive mechanism inside the brushless motor. 4. The electric cable drive device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the means for detecting the load is provided with a strain gauge. 4. The electric cable drive device according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the means for detecting the load is provided with a spring that elastically deforms against the tensile force of the cable and a means for detecting the amount of deformation of the spring. A motor, a reducer connected to the output shaft of the motor, a rotating member connected to the output side of the reducer, a straight member which is screwed with the rotating member to convert rotation of the rotating member into a straight motion, and the straight member. It is equipped with a cable to be connected, and an emergency release mechanism for opening the operating force of the cable by external operation, An electric cable drive device, wherein the emergency release mechanism includes a means for rotating the rotating member from the outside. 13. The electric motor according to claim 12, wherein an end portion of the rotating member protrudes from the housing of the reducer, and the means for rotating the rotating means is an engaging portion of a cross-sectional square provided at an end portion of the protruding rotating member. Cable Drive Unit. A motor, a reducer connected to the output shaft of the motor, a rotating member connected to the output side of the reducer, a straight member which is screwed with the rotating member to convert rotation of the rotating member into a straight motion, and the straight member. It is equipped with a cable to be connected, and an emergency release mechanism for opening the operating force of the cable by external operation, And an emergency release mechanism for restraining the rotating member from moving in the axial direction in a normal state, and a restraint mechanism for releasing the restraint by an external operation in the event of an abnormality. 4. The catch according to claim 3, wherein the restraint mechanism is disposed to face an end of the rotating member, the restraint catches when the end is pushed toward the restraint mechanism, and restrains restraining until the pressure in the opposite direction is released by external operation. An electric cable drive device comprising a mechanism. A motor, a reducer connected to the output shaft of the motor, a rotating member connected to the output side of the reducer, a straight member which is screwed with the rotating member to convert rotation of the rotating member into a straight motion, and the straight member. A control cable having an inner cable to be connected and a conduit supporting the reaction force of the inner cable, and an emergency release mechanism for releasing the operating force of the inner cable by external operation; The emergency release mechanism restrains the end of the conduit from moving in the axial direction in a normal state, and in the event of an abnormality, a restraint mechanism for releasing restraint by external operation, and opening operation means for opening the restraint by external operation. The electric cable drive device characterized by the above-mentioned. 17. The coupling member according to claim 16, wherein the restraint mechanism comprises: a coupling holding the end of the conduit, a coupling member moving between the restraining position engaged with the bracket and hindering movement and the release position allowing the movement; And a spring biased toward the restrained position side, And the opening operation means operates the coupling member to the release position side against the biasing force of the spring. 18. The electric cable drive device according to claim 17, wherein the coupling member is provided in pairs with the centerline of the conduit interposed therebetween. 18. The electric cable drive device according to claim 17, wherein the opening operation means comprises a release cable for transmitting a tension force. A motor, a reducer connected to the output shaft of the motor, a rotating member connected to the output side of the reducer, a straight member which is screwed with the rotating member to convert rotation of the rotating member into straight motion, and the straight member A control cable having an inner cable connected to the inner cable and a conduit supporting the reaction force of the inner cable, and an emergency release mechanism for releasing the operating force of the inner cable by external operation. The emergency release mechanism maintains the end of the conduit so as to be movable in the axial direction, and at the same time, the emergency release mechanism holds the conduit in a position for compressing the conduit, and in case of an emergency, a holding mechanism for moving the compression force to a position for opening the compression force. The electric cable drive device characterized by the above-mentioned. 21. The holding mechanism according to claim 20, wherein the holding mechanism includes a bracket for holding an end portion of the conduit, a rotating member screw-nut coupled to the bracket, and an operation means for rotating the rotating member from the outside. Electric cable drive device. The electric cable drive device according to claim 21, wherein the operation means includes a rotation cable. The said control cable is a full control cable which operates a brake, The tension | tensile_strength by a return spring of a brake is always given to the inner cable of the full control cable, The said control cable is characterized by the above-mentioned. Electric cable drive device. A motor, a reducer connected to the output shaft of the motor, a rotating member connected to the output side of the reducer, a conversion mechanism for converting rotation of the rotating member into a straight motion of the straight member, and a cable connected to the straight member Has, The said speed reducer is equipped with the some rotation element and the winding conduction element which spans between those rotation elements, The electric cable drive apparatus characterized by the above-mentioned. 2. The cable drive device according to claim 1, wherein said rotating element is a pulley and said winding conductive element is a belt. 3. The cable drive device according to claim 2, wherein the pulley is a toothed pulley and the belt is a toothed belt. The cable drive device according to claim 1, wherein the cable is a cable for operating a parking brake of a vehicle. An equalizer is connected to said straight member directly or via a cable, and a pair of second cables for operating left and right brakes are connected to both ends of said equalizer, respectively, and these second cables are respectively connected. A cable drive device, comprising a conduit and an inner cable, arranged approximately symmetrically. The cable drive device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation member of the conversion mechanism includes a female screw, and the straight member is a male screw that is screwed into the female screw of the rotation member. 2. The cable drive device according to claim 1, wherein the rotation member of the conversion mechanism is a male screw, and the straight member is a nut member screwed with the male screw. 31. The cable drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 30, a brake lever to which the cable or inner cable of the brake device is connected, a spring biasing the brake lever to the brake release side, and a brake lever connection An electric brake apparatus for an automobile or the like, comprising a friction member for brakes.

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