KR20070002919A - Production method for sesame oil containing high content of lignans and the sesame oil thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of producing sesame oil with a high content of lignans by pretreating sesame and then extracting using supercritical fluids and an auxiliary solvent is provided. The method produces the titled sesame oil at high efficiency. To make the titled sesame oil, sesame is pretreated with a pretreating method selected from ultraviolet irradiation, heat treatment, peeling, grinding and far-infrared irradiation and then extracted with 50 to 99.9% by weight of supercritical fluids and 0.1 to 50% by weight of an auxiliary solvent. The supercritical fluids are any one selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, nitrogen dioxide, methane, ethylene, propane and propylene. The auxiliary solvent is one or more solvents selected from the group consisting of alcohols such as ethanol and iso-propanol and methanol, n-hexane, acetone and water. The lignans contain sesamol, sesamolin, sesamin, sesamolinol, sesaminol, pinoresinol and the like.

Description

Production method for Sesame Oil containing High Content of Lignans and the sesame oil according to Lignan Compound Compounds Using Supercritical Fluids

FIG. 1 illustrates a process for extracting high lignan compound-containing sesame oil from sesame raw materials using a supercritical fluid.

Figure 2 shows an HPLC analysis chromatograph of sesamol in lignan compounds.

<Description of the symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

1: extractor 2: heat exchanger

3, 4: pump 5: co-solvent storage tank

6: fluid (carbon dioxide) storage tank 7: co-solvent separator

8: pressure reducer 9: pressure reducing valve

10, 11 discharge valve 12, 13 supply valve

The present invention relates to a sesame oil containing a high lignan compound produced using a supercritical fluid and a method of producing the same. More particularly, the present invention relates to sesame oil containing a large amount of lignan compound from a sesame raw material using a supercritical fluid. It is about a method of producing separately.

Sesame is a perennial herbaceous plant ( Sesamun indicum) belonging to Sesamum in the Pedaliaceae . Seeds are used as food. Sesame seeds have been recognized as a valuable flow food (유량 食品), especially among the flow plant (品 食品), which is not known for some time, but is known as a healthy food with a variety of medicinal effects. In the 3rd century BC, China's intentional book, "Nongxunbyeon," sesame seeds are a food that restores the function of the kidneys to vitalize the body. It is written to make good.

In addition to tocopherol, sesame lignans are the main bioactive substances present in sesame seeds. The compound called lignan is a generic term for low-molecular natural products having a structure in which a compound called para-hydroxy phenylpropane (p-Hydroxyphenylpropane) is combined. Examples thereof include sesamin, sesamoline, sesamol, and sesaminol.

Sesamol (Sesamol) is a very important functional material known to have effects such as antioxidant, anticancer action and liver function. Free radicals or free radicals generated during metabolic processes in vivo decrease and decrease the function of living organisms and are pointed out as the cause of aging and adult diseases. Since the theory that oxidative stress caused by free radicals is the cause of aging, cancer, arteriosclerosis, and diabetes is recognized, it has long been possible to suppress oxidative stresses such as oxidative oxygen and free radicals. Much effort has been made. As a result, the presence of lignans or glycosides thereof was found from sesame seeds and a strong antioxidant effect was found through clinical trials. Since then, many studies have been conducted on the biological activities of these lignan compounds, which are antioxidants, in vivo. In particular, the antimutagenic effect of sesamol inhibiting mutation of these lignan compounds has recently been reported in parallel with the antioxidant effect (IP Kaur. And A. Saini, Mutation Research , vol 470, pp. 71-76, 2000). The antioxidant effect of sesamol also synergizes with tocopherols present in sesame seeds (H. Yoshida and S. Takagi, Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture , vol 79, pp. 220-226, 1999). There is also.

Sesamin has been reported to promote alcohol breakdown in the liver, and sesamin capsules are commercially available as a health food for liver protection and hangover prevention during drinking. In addition, it has been reported to have an effect of inhibiting the proliferation of cancer cells. In particular, it is effective in inhibiting the proliferation of breast cancer caused by chemicals. In addition, the action of lowering the concentration of serum cholesterol and suppressing the increase in blood pressure has been reported. Table 1 summarizes the types, contents and effects of lignans, which are special ingredients of sesame seeds.

Types, content and function of sesame lignans Kinds Content (100%) Function and action Sesamin 0.2-0.5 Prostagrindin Control, Cholesterol Lowering, Liver Function Sesamolin 0.1-0.3 Preventive effect of chemically induced breast cancer. When broken down, it is composed of sesamol and sesaminol. Sesamolinol a very small amount Powerful antioxidant, stable to heat Sesaminol a very small amount Antioxidant Pinoresinol a very small amount Antioxidant P ₁ a very small amount Decomposition products of sesamoline, a powerful antioxidant Sesa Mall a very small amount Powerful antioxidants

Sesame oil is currently the most preferred fat for Koreans. Currently, the sesame oil manufacturing method is a traditional method, and the sesame oil is roasted at high temperature and then pressed. However, these traditional methods involve several problems: first, such physical compression can not extract all fats in sesame seeds, resulting in poor yields, and secondly, physiological, such as sesamol in sesame seeds. Most of the active substance does not escape and remains in sesame gourd, which is a waste. Therefore, as a method of producing sesame oil containing a large amount of physiologically active ingredient in high yield, a chemical extraction method using an organic solvent is most promising. However, the use of such organic solvents is likely to cause environmental problems, and above all, a large negative consumer response to the use of organic solvents in food manufacturing is expected. Therefore, the present invention was completed by developing a method of preparing sesame oil containing a large amount of physiologically active substances, especially lignan compounds, without using toxic organic solvents.

Accordingly, the present invention has been devised to solve the above problems, and to provide a sesame oil containing a large amount of lignan compound from sesame seeds using a supercritical fluid and a production method thereof.

The present invention provides a method for producing sesame oil containing a lignan compound.

Lignan compounds in the present invention include sesamol, sesamolin, sesamin, sesamolinol, sesaminol, phenoresinol and the like.

In the present invention, a supercritical extraction method using a supercritical fluid is used in order to efficiently extract sesame oil containing a sesame lignan compound.

The method for producing sesame oil-containing high lignan compound of the present invention is characterized by including extracting the sesame raw material using a supercritical fluid.

In the present invention may further comprise the step of pre-treating sesame before the extraction step of the sesame raw material.

The pretreatment step of the edible oil and fat raw material, the treatment for removing harmful substances such as microorganisms, residual pesticides and preservatives on the surface of the raw material, the treatment to increase the contact area with supercritical carbon dioxide and to increase the sensory beauty of the edible oil and fat For the treatment.

As a treatment for removing harmful substances, methods such as ultraviolet irradiation, heat treatment, and peeling can be used, and as a treatment for increasing the contact area, a grinding method can be used. As a treatment for increasing the functional beauty of the edible oil and fat, methods such as heat treatment and far-infrared irradiation can be used.

In the present invention, UV irradiation may be performed for 1 hour or more, but preferably performed for 1 to 3 hours, and heat treatment means a process of roasting sesame raw materials at high temperature to remove harmful substances or to perform functionalities and to increase the content of sesamol. It can also handle. Preferred heat treatment conditions are preferably performed at least 60 minutes at 60 ℃ or more, more preferably at least 30 minutes at 200 ℃ or more, most preferably 30 minutes at 250 ℃.

In addition, the peeling is different for each raw material, but may be performed by using a friction force or the like so that a weight reduction of about 2 to 6% occurs with respect to the total weight. In the case of sesame seeds, it is best to carry out a weight loss of about 3 to 4% of the total weight.

The smaller the powder degree used in the present invention, the better, but generally, the particle size is preferably 1.25 mm or less.

In the present invention, in order to overcome the disadvantage that the inherent scent of the raw material is increased by the loss in the process of heat treatment at a high temperature can be irradiated with far infrared rays during the heat treatment.

In the present invention, the far-infrared irradiation can be used any method known in the art, the emissivity (5 ~ 20㎛) is 0.8 ~ 0.9, the radiation energy (W / ㎡) is preferably about 3.5 × 10 ² ~ 3.8 × 10 ² Most preferably, the emissivity (5-20 μm) is 0.913, and the radiation energy (W / m 2) is about 3.68 × 10 ² .

As the supercritical fluid in the present invention, carbon dioxide, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, methane, ethylene, propane and propylene may be used. Among them, it is preferable to use supercritical carbon dioxide, wherein the input temperature is 30 to 200 ° C., and the input pressure is 100 to 800 bar.

In the present invention, when the supercritical carbon dioxide is extracted, the flow rate is preferably extracted at 0.0085 m / sec or less.

In addition, in the step of adding the supercritical fluid, the co-solvent may be further added to further increase the extraction efficiency. At this time, the concentration of the co-solvent is characterized in that from 0.1 to 50%, more preferably from 0.1 to 10%, and most preferably from 0.1 to 1.0%.

In the present invention, the cosolvent may be used alone or in mixture of two or more selected from the group consisting of alcohols such as ethanol, iso-propanol and methanol, normal hexane, acetone and water. Most preferred cosolvent may be water. At this time, the concentration is preferably 1.0% or less.

Before describing the extraction method of sesame oil using the supercritical fluid according to the present invention, the supercritical fluid extraction is a technique using a number of advantages of the supercritical fluid, distillation ( The principle of distillation and extraction has a number of unique advantages because of the nature of the complex technology applied together. Supercritical fluids can be set to any condition from high density to low density by manipulating the pressure temperature, so the product has excellent selectivity such as fractionation and separation, so that high purity products can be obtained and the extraction solvent can be recovered almost completely without loss. And a purified product with no residual solvent can be obtained. In addition, the viscosity of the supercritical fluid is small, so it penetrates into the sample, and the extraction efficiency is high. Also, the diffusion coefficient is large, so the extraction speed is high. By extracting at a relatively low temperature, damage of nutrients by heat can be avoided. And the density difference between the supercritical fluid and the low viscosity of the supercritical fluid have many advantages such as the separation of the extraction residue and the solvent. However, since a high pressure device must be used, there is a disadvantage in that facility cost and maintenance cost are high, and extraction using supercritical fluid is known to be economical only when high efficiency is made.

Carbon dioxide is most commonly used as a supercritical fluid, and carbon dioxide is the most preferred because its critical pressure is 7.4 MPa and its critical temperature is 31 ° C., which is generally easy to create supercritical conditions, and carbon dioxide itself is non-toxic and inexpensive. It is becoming. Supercritical carbon dioxide is used as a nonpolar solvent in various extraction of low polar substances such as fats and oils. In addition, by adding a substance having a polarity, such as alcohol, it is easy to induce a change in the polarity of the supercritical fluid, that is, it can significantly change the dissolving power, there is an advantage that can be utilized in the extraction of oil and fat components other than triglycerides.

The present invention is characterized in that the extractor for extracting sesame oil containing a high content of lignan compound in sesame by contacting the supercritical fluid with sesame, and a pressure-sensitive separator having a function of separating sesame oil in the supercritical fluid after the extraction is completed have. The decompressor is composed of a circulator for decompressing the supercritical fluid from the extractor to obtain high purity sesame oil, and recovering the supercritical fluid solvent separated from the depressurizer and supplying it to the extractor for reuse.

1 is a schematic diagram schematically illustrating an apparatus for extracting sesame oil containing a large amount of lignan compound from sesame seeds using a supercritical fluid.

Looking at the sesame oil extracting apparatus according to the present invention in more detail, as shown in Figure 1, two or more extractors 1 is filled with sesame raw material, the supercritical fluid through the heat exchanger (2) extractor (1) Supply at the bottom of the At this time, the supply valve 12, 13 controls the supply of the supercritical fluid supplied to each extractor (1).

The supercritical fluid supplied in this way is extracted with the sesame oil in contact with the filled sesame oil and is discharged out of the extractor. The supercritical fluid and the sesame oil mixture are discharged by the discharge valves 10 and 11 and the discharge amount is controlled. The mixture of the extracted supercritical fluid and sesame oil is transferred to the pressure reducer 8 under reduced pressure via the pressure reducing valve 9.

Extracted sesame oil and fluid are separated from the pressure reducer (8), and the separated fluid is circulated to the reservoir (6) and reused. The sesame oil separated from the pressure reducer (8) is finally passed through the co-solvent separator (7). Collected as a product.

The reservoir 6 of the fluid, such as carbon dioxide, may be supplemented with a fluid such as carbon dioxide from the outside to compensate for some losses incurred in the entire process in addition to the fluid, such as carbon dioxide, supplied in circulation.

Fluid such as carbon dioxide stored in the reservoir 6 is pressurized through the pump 3 and supplied to the extractor through the heat exchanger 2 in a supercritical state.

This process continues continuously from the sesame seeds until the targeted yield of sesame oil is extracted. In addition, for continuous operation, the extractor (1) is installed two or more to control a plurality of supply valves (12), (13) and a plurality of discharge valves (10, 11) alternately used, do not use In the extractor, remove the extracted sesame seeds and fill with new sesame seeds to prepare for the next extraction.

In this regard, the sesame oil extraction method using the supercritical fluid according to the present invention will be described.

The sesame oil extraction method of the high content lignan compound using the supercritical fluid according to the present invention basically fills the sesame in the extractor, and put the supercritical fluid in the sesame-filled extractor to extract the sesame oil, the extracted super The mixture of the critical fluid and sesame oil is separated under reduced pressure, and the separated fluid is pressurized by a pump to recirculate.

In this case, in order to improve the extraction efficiency of the lignan compound, it is preferable that a pretreatment step of crushing the sesame seeds into fine particles is further added.

In addition, although the supercritical fluid may be used in various ways, it is most preferable to use carbon dioxide, in particular, the temperature is 30 to 200 ℃, the pressure is preferably 100 to 800 bar, more preferably the temperature is 30 to 80 ℃, Extraction efficiency is good when the pressure is 500 bar.

In addition, when the supercritical fluid is supplied to the extractor when the co-solvent is supplied and used together, extraction efficiency is greatly increased. The co-solvent mainly uses alcohols, and in the present invention, in order to fundamentally eliminate the potential risk of residual solvent. Water was used, and the concentration is preferably 1% or less.

Hereinafter, the excellence of the extraction method and the process of the present invention was verified through actual experiments, and the results are shown in the tables.

Example 1 Pretreatment of Sesame Seeds for Improving Sesame Oil Extraction Efficiency

The extraction efficiency of sesame oil was measured while changing the properties of the raw sesame seeds in the process. The raw sesame seeds were prepared in the form of seeds, flakes, and crushed fine particles by extraction with supercritical carbon dioxide at 60 ° C. and 500 bar for 1 hour. Thereafter, sesamol content in the lignan compound contained in sesame oil was measured.

Sesamol was analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The C18 column (AQUA 5 μC18, 250 × 4.6 mm) was used as stationary phase. Mobile phase conditions were performed as shown in Table 2 below. The sample was dissolved in ethanol, filtered, and injected into 20 μl. The detector was measured at UV 290 nm using a UV detector.

Mobile phase conditions Minutes Acetonitrile Water (H₂O) Flow rate 0 3 7 1 mL / min 10 6 4 1 mL / min 15 9 One 1 mL / min

2 is HPLC analysis chromatography of sesamol.

Extraction efficiency was compared in terms of yield by measuring the content of sesamol contained in the extracted sesame oil. The efficiency was calculated by the total amount of sesamol contained in sesame seeds to 100% and the weight of the extracted sesamol in percent.

Extraction efficiency of sesamol according to the shape of raw sesame seeds Raw sesame form Yield (%) Seed form 2.3 Flake 16.3 Particle type (diameter 1.25mm or more) 89.8 Fine particle form (diameter 1.25mm or less) 98.5

As shown in Table 3, the efficiency of sesamol extraction is greatly affected by the shape of the raw sesame seeds. In particular, the smaller the particle size, the better the efficiency, which is believed to increase the extraction efficiency due to the increased contact area between the raw material and the supercritical fluid.

In particular, the raw sesame used in the experiment is a roasting (roasting, roasting) process. Sesamol is produced from sesamolin, a sesame mole lignan compound by roasting, and the roasting conditions have a great influence on the sesamol content of the raw sesame seeds. Therefore, sesamol content in raw sesame seeds is mainly determined by roasting temperature and time.

Table 4 shows the sesamol content change in the sesame seed material according to the roasting temperature, it can be seen that the sesamol content increases sharply at the roasting temperature of 200 ℃ or more when roasted for 30 minutes. In addition, Table 5 shows the effect of the roasting time, measuring the sesamol content of the raw sesame seeds when the roasting time is increased at 200 ℃. The longer the roasting time, the greater the sesamol content was.

Changes in Sesamol Content of Raw Sesame Seeds According to Distribution Temperature Power Distribution Time: 30 minutes Experimental Example 1 Experimental Example 2 Experimental Example 3 Experimental Example 4 Experimental Example 5 Experimental Example 6 Experimental Example 7 Experimental Example 8 Experimental Example 9 Distribution temperature (℃) 100 150 170 180 190 200 210 220 250 Sesamol Content (mg / L) 0 0 11 13 27 72 129 335 1100

Changes in Sesamol Content in Raw Sesame Seeds According to Distribution Time Distribution temperature 200 ℃ Experimental Example 10 Experimental Example 11 Experimental Example 12 Experimental Example 13 Experimental Example 14 Experimental Example 15 Experimental Example 16 Power distribution time (minutes) 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 Sesamol Content (mg / L) 72 120 207 235 257 362 398

Through the above results, it can be seen that if sesamolin is not thermally decomposed into sesamol if it is not subjected to a roasting process, the content of sesamolin is higher than that of sesamol. Therefore, it is possible to determine whether to perform the power distribution process as needed.

Example 2 Sesamol Extraction Efficiency According to Temperature Change of Supercritical Fluid

In the extraction process according to the above embodiment, the temperature of supercritical carbon dioxide was changed to 35, 40, 50, 60, 70, and 80 ° C, sesame oil was extracted, and sesamol content was measured. At this time, the pressure of supercritical fluid was maintained at 500 bar, and extracted until sesame oil extraction efficiency was 98%. Sesamol content in the extracted sesame oil was measured by the above-mentioned method.

As shown in the results of Table 6, in the case of the antioxidant sesamol, the extraction temperature was higher at higher temperature under supercritical carbon dioxide conditions.

Sesamol Content of Sesame Oil Extracted with Temperature Change of Supercritical Fluids Temperature (℃) 35 40 50 60 70 80 Content (mg / L) 161 179 203 210 229 242

Example 3: Sesamol Extraction Efficiency According to Flow Rate of Supercritical Fluid

Sesame oil was extracted while changing the flow rate of supercritical carbon dioxide in the process according to Example 2 and the sesamol content was measured. Extraction was carried out by varying the superficial velocity of the supercritical fluid passing through the extractor filled with the raw material in the form of fine particles, and the sesamol content contained in the extracted sesame oil was measured by the aforementioned method. At this time, the temperature of the supercritical fluid was maintained at 60 ℃, the pressure was 500bar, extracted until the sesame oil extraction efficiency is 98%.

Sesame Mole Content of Sesame Oil Extracted by Changing the Superficial Velocity of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Flow rate (m / sec) 0.0014 0.0028 0.0057 0.0085 Sesamol Content (mg / L) 465 310 210 188

As shown in the results of Table 7, it can be seen that the sesamol content of sesame oil extracted by lowering the flow rate is high. This is considered to be because sesamol has a mechanism to be extracted by diffusion from raw material particles. Therefore, in order to extract sesamol high content sesame oil it was found that it is advantageous to extract for a long time at a low flow rate.

Example 4 Sesamol Extraction Efficiency According to Cosolvent Addition

Although alcohols are mainly used as cosolvents in supercritical fluid extraction, alcohols used as cosolvents in sesame oil extraction have many problems during post-treatment removal, so water was used as cosolvent in this study. Extraction was performed by adding water as a co-solvent to supercritical carbon dioxide in an extractor filled with sesame raw material in the form of fine particles, and the sesamol content of the extracted sesame oil was measured. At this time, the temperature of the supercritical fluid was maintained at 60 ° C., the pressure was 300bar, and extracted until sesame oil extraction efficiency reached 98%.

Table 8 shows that the sesamol extraction efficiency is greatly increased by the co-solvent as a result of changing the content of the co-solvent water under the extraction conditions.

Changes in Sesamol Extraction Efficiency by Addition of Cosolvent to Supercritical Carbon Dioxide % Of added water 0 0.1 0.5 1.0 Sesamol Content (mg / L) 204 480 585 805

As a supersolvent in supercritical carbon dioxide, water (H ₂ O) is known to show solubility of less than 0.1%. Water added in Table 8 is a supersaturation condition, but it shows a result of greatly improving sesamol extraction efficiency.

On the other hand, Table 9 compares the sesamol content present in the sesame oil produced according to the pressing method and the present method of the conventional sesame oil production method according to the present invention, the sesamol content is 6.6 times, 11.5 times when using the co-solvent, respectively Increasing shows the superiority of the present invention. The conventional production method results were obtained by analyzing commercially available sesame oil (manufactured by A Company).

Comparison of Sesame Oil Extraction Efficiency by Conventional and Inventive Methods Conventional method (compression type) Invention (Supercritical Fluid Extraction) Growth rate (times) Sesamol content in sesame oil (mg / L) 70 465 6.6 805 (when using auxiliary solvent) 11.5

As described above, the present invention as described through the Examples and Experimental Examples is a very useful invention in the food industry because it has an excellent effect of providing a method for extracting high lignan compound high sesame oil from sesame seeds using supercritical carbon dioxide.

Claims (1)

CLAIMS 1. A method of producing sesame oil containing a lignan compound from a sesame using a supercritical fluid, the method comprising; Pretreatment of the sesame raw material by at least one pretreatment method selected from the group consisting of ultraviolet irradiation, heat treatment, peeling, grinding and far infrared irradiation; And The pretreated sesame raw material is 50 to 99.9% of any supercritical fluid selected from the group consisting of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, nitrous oxide, methane, ethylene, propane and propylene and alcohols such as ethanol, iso-propanol and methanol A method for producing sesame oil-containing sesame oil, characterized in that the step of extracting sesame oil using 0.1 to 50% of one or more co-solvents selected from the group consisting of.

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