KR20060130757A - Recording medium with physical access control(pac) cluster thereon and apparatus and methods for forming, recording, and reproducing the recording medium - Google Patents

Abstract

A recording medium in which PAC(Physical Access Control) clusters are recorded, a method and a device for forming the recording medium, and a recording/reproducing method and device are provided to define accessible areas within disks of drives having different versions by using PAC, thereby more protecting data areas where user data are recorded. A recording area comprises as follows. At least more than one PAC area includes at least more than one PAC cluster. At least more than one management area includes status information for managing recording on the recording medium and/or reproduction, for each of the at least more than one PAC cluster. The status information contains invalid status of each PAC cluster.

Description

RECORDING MEDIUM WITH PHYSICAL ACCESS CONTROL (PAC) CLUSTER THEREON AND APPARATUS AND METHODS FOR FORMING, RECORDING, AND REPRODUCING THE RECORDING MEDIUM}

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to recording data and managing physical access control (PAC), comprising: a high density optical disc, such as a Blu-ray disc, and a medium containing the PAC and recording data; A method and apparatus for recording / reproducing data from media.

As media, for example, optical disks capable of recording large amounts of data are widely used. Among them, recently, a new high-density optical recording medium (HD-DVD) capable of recording and storing high-definition video data and high-quality audio data for a long time, for example, Blu-ray Disc (hereinafter referred to as "BD"). ) Is being developed.

The Blu-ray Disc BD includes a rewritable Blu-ray Disc BD-RE, a write once Blu-ray Disc BD-WO, and a playback-only Blu-ray Disc BD-ROM.

Currently, a problem with existing systems is that there are potential incompatibilities between different versions of drives. For example, a drive with a previous version of a capability may have difficulty interacting with a medium having interactive with a drive that includes at least one or more capabilities of a later version.

An embodiment of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for providing a PAC on a medium such as a high density optical disc, and recording data in or reproducing data from the medium using the PAC.

In an embodiment, the present invention relates to a recording medium such as a high density optical recording medium for increasing data protection, data management and / or playback compatibility, a recording medium having at least one physical access control (PAC) cluster recorded thereon, Provided are a recording and reproducing method and apparatus.

In addition, the present invention provides a method and apparatus for managing a medium, such as a high density optical disc, PAC cluster in an embodiment.

In addition, in an embodiment the invention relates to at least one physical access control (PAC) region comprising at least one physical access control (PAC) cluster and a record for each of the at least one physical access control (PAC) clusters. At least one management area including status information for managing recording and / or playback on the medium, wherein the status information includes a recording medium including an invalid status of each PAC cluster. to provide.

In addition, in an embodiment, the present invention provides a method for updating status information related to at least one PAC cluster in a PAC area in a recording medium, wherein when the PAC cluster is updated, the updated PAC cluster can be written next in the PAC area. And recording the status information so that the PAC cluster is in an invalid state and the updated PAC cluster is in a valid state.

In addition, in an embodiment, the present invention relates to a method for updating status information associated with at least one or more PAC clusters in a PAC area in a recording medium, wherein the data of the PAC clusters is determined when the PAC cluster is found to be a defective area during recording or playback. Recording the status information to a next recordable cluster position in the PAC area, wherein the PAC cluster is in an invalid or defective state, and the next recordable PAC cluster containing data of the PAC cluster indicates a valid state. Provides a status information update method comprising a

In an embodiment, the present invention also provides a method of updating a PAC cluster on a recording medium, the method comprising: recording a PAC cluster in a PAC area; and updating the PAC cluster, wherein the previous PAC is updated. Marking the status information of the cluster as invalid, marking the status information of the updated PAC cluster as valid, wherein the updated PAC cluster is written to another available cluster location in the PAC region. do.

In an embodiment, the present invention also provides a driver for driving an optical recording device for recording data on or reproducing data from a recording medium, and at least one physical access control (PAC) cluster. Record data based on at least one physical access control (PAC) area comprising at least one management area including status information for each of the at least one physical access control (PAC) clusters; Or a controller for controlling the driver to reproduce the data, and when the PAC cluster is updated, the controller records the updated PAC cluster at a next recordable cluster position in the PAC area, State information is invalid and the updated state information of the PAC cluster is valid There is provided a recording medium recording and reproducing apparatus of updating the status information by recording.

In an embodiment, the present invention also provides a driver for driving an optical recording device for recording data on or reproducing data from a recording medium, and at least one physical access control (PAC) cluster. Record data based on at least one physical access control (PAC) area comprising at least one management area including status information for each of the at least one physical access control (PAC) clusters; Or a controller for controlling the driver to reproduce, and if the PAC cluster is found to be a defective area during recording or reproducing, the controller may store data of the PAC cluster in the next recordable cluster position in the PAC area. And the PAC cluster is in an invalid or defective state, the data of the PAC cluster Next recordable PAC cluster containing provides a recording medium recording and reproducing apparatus to record the status information to indicate a valid status.

Also, in an embodiment, the present invention provides a driver for driving an optical recording device for recording data on a recordable recording medium or reproducing data from the recordable recording medium, and at least one. At least one physical access control (PAC) region including at least one physical access control (PAC) cluster, and at least one or more including status information for each of the at least one physical access control (PAC) clusters A controller for controlling the driver to record or reproduce data based on a management area, wherein the controller records the PAC cluster in the PAC area, updates the PAC cluster, and the controller Mark the state information of the previous PAC cluster invalid and retain the state information of the updated PAC cluster. Mark, and the control unit the updated PAC cluster is a recording medium recording and reproducing apparatus for recording on another available cluster location in the PAC zone.

It will be appreciated that the foregoing general description of the invention and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory and are intended to provide a subsequent description of the invention as claimed.

The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and together form and combine portions of this application and embodiments of the invention with the description provided to explain the principles of the invention.

Fig. 1 shows the overall structure of a write once high density optical disc according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 shows the Info 2 (INFO2) area and Info 1 (INFO1) area of the write once high density optical disc according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 shows a PAC structure recorded on a write once high density optical disc according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 shows a PAC structure on a write once high density optical disc according to an embodiment of the present invention.

5 illustrates an "Unknown PAC Rules" field according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 6 illustrates segment zones in a high density optical disc in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 7 shows the PAC area in the write once high density optical disc according to the embodiment of the present invention.

8 shows a TDDS structure in a write once high density optical disc according to an embodiment of the present invention.

9A to 9C show a PAC area and PAC status information in a write once high density optical disc according to an embodiment of the present invention.

10A to 10B show the PAC area and PAC status information recorded in the write once high density optical disc according to the embodiment of the present invention.

11A to 11D illustrate a method of recording a PAC area and PAC status information according to an embodiment of the present invention.

12 illustrates a method of displaying PAC status information on a TDDS when updating a recorded PAC, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 13 shows a TDDS structure in a write once high density optical disc according to another embodiment of the present invention.

14A to 14B illustrate a method of recording a PAC area and PAC status information in a write once high density optical disc according to another embodiment of the present invention.

15A to 15B show examples of PAC areas and PAC status information recorded in a write once high density optical disc according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 16 shows a block diagram of a recording / reproducing apparatus of a write once high density optical disc according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Preferred embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts.

In an embodiment, in addition to the meaning of the general term, the meaning of "physical access control (PAC)" means, for the entire disc or a specific segment in the physical zone of the disc. And additional information recorded on the disc for recording and reproduction control of data. The term "physical access control (PAC)" may be simply referred to as "PAC", "PAC information" or "PAC control information". In addition, the disk area on which the PAC is recorded is called "PAC zone" for convenience, and the PAC of the cluster unit recorded in the PAC area on the disk is called "PAC cluster". In addition, a PAC according to an embodiment of the present invention may be configured to provide data of a whole disk or a specific area for a drive that does not know a specific 'PAC_ID' including a drive of a conventional version (eg, a "legacy version"). It has an "unknown rule" for limiting recording / reading. The PAC to which the "unknown rule" is applied is called "Unknown PAC." Similarly, a known 'PAC_ID' recorded on the PAC is called a "known rule", and a PAC to which "PAC specific information" is applied is named "Known PAC" for convenience.

Hereinafter, examples of the PAC structure recorded on the PAC area will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Fig. 1 shows the overall structure of a write once high density optical disc according to the embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, in the write-once high density optical disc, a lead-in zone, a data zone, and a lead-out zone are separately allocated from the inner circumference to the outer circumference of the disc. . The lead-in area further includes a temporary disc management area (TDMA) including a defect management area and a recording management area of the optical disc. In a write once high density optical disc, the TDMA can only physically write data on the disc once. Therefore, in order to record the defect management information and the recording management information updated at least once during the disc use period on the disc, additional TDMAs may be included in the inner spare area and the outer spare area in the data area. TDMA is a Temporary disc defenition structure (TDDS) and / or Temporary defect list (TDFL) having information such as first physical sector number of the defect list and location information of the data area. defect list).

In the lead-in area, an Info 2 area and an Info 1 area in which various types of management information of the disc are recorded are allocated and the PAC area may be included in the Info 2 area and the Info 1 area. have. The PAC area allocated to the info2 area is called a PAC2 area, and the PAC area allocated to the info1 area is called a PAC1 area. One of the PAC2 area and the PAC1 area may be an original PAC, and the other may be a back up zone for recording a copy of the original PAC.

As described above, the PAC area may include an "unknown rule" for controlling data recording / reproducing on the entire disk or a specific segment and limiting the drive recording / reproducing function. The disc area controlled by the " unknown rule " includes a disc management area (DMA), a spare area, a user data area and / or another area. More specifically, the user data area may be divided into segment areas defined on a disk to which the "unknown rule" is applied. The segments will be described in more detail below.

The "unknown rule" is used for predictable operations of the disc, and also for example read, write, linear replacement of defective zones, logical writing of write once high density optical discs. Operation control such as logical overwrite and the like. An area provided on the disc and indicating an area to which the "unknown rule" applies, for example, an entire disc or segments for defining a specific part of the disc are provided. Therefore, by defining the area of the disk, the previous version of the drive device can be accessed using the "unknown rule", and the new version of the disk can reduce unnecessary access of the previous version of the drive device. do.

In addition, by defining with PAC an accessible area on the physical area of the disk for the drive device of a previous version, it is possible to more firmly protect the data area containing the user data recorded on the area, It can prevent or reduce unauthorized access (e.g. hacking) to.

The Info2 area and the Info1 area having the PAC2 area and the PAC1 area in the write once high density optical disc will be described in detail as follows. 2 shows the Info2 area and the Info1 area of the write once high density optical disc according to the embodiment of the present invention. According to Fig. 2, for example, the Info2 area includes a PAC2 area having a size of 32 clusters, a DMA2 area of 32 clusters for defect management, a CD (Control Data) 2 area of 32 clusters in which control information is recorded; It is composed of 256 clusters including 32 clusters of buffer zones (BZ). In addition, the Info1 area is a BZ (Buffer Zone) 2 area of 32 clusters as a buffer area, a DMA1 area of 32 clusters as a defect management area, a CD1 area of 32 clusters in which control information is recorded, a PAC1 area of 32 clusters, and Drive area of 128 clusters.

That is, the PAC area according to the present invention is allocated to have a size of 32 clusters in each of the Info2 area and the Info1 area in the lead-in area according to the recordable characteristics of the high density optical disc. PAC area of 32 cluster size is divided and each PAC has 1 cluster size. Furthermore, the number of PACs each having one cluster can be selected up to a maximum value (for example, 32 clusters). An example of a PAC structure recorded in the size of one cluster will now be described with reference to FIG. 3.

Fig. 3 shows a PAC recorded on a write once high density optical disc according to the embodiment of the present invention. According to FIG. 3, one PAC having one cluster size (which is 32 sector frames) includes a header area and a specific information area for a specific disk drive (eg, an optical disk drive). . The PAC header area is allocated 384 bytes in the first frame of the PAC, and various PAC information such as an "unknown PAC rule" and information about a segment are recorded. In addition, PAC specific information is recorded in the remaining area of the PAC area, which may be referred to as a known rule.

An example of a PAC structure recorded in the above structure will be described with reference to FIG. In general, specific fields that require more detailed description of the PAC will be described with reference to the corresponding fields.

4 shows a write once high density optical disc PAC structure according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to FIG. 4, the PAC is divided into a header (up to 384 bytes of the first frame, applied to all PACs) and an area in which PAC specific information is recorded. Specifically, the header part is again 3 bytes of "PAC_ID", 1 byte of "PAC format", 4 bytes of "PAC update count", 4 bytes of "Unknown PAC Rules", 1 byte of "Entire_Disc_Flag", 1 "Number of Segments" of bytes, and 32 "segments (Segment_0 to Segment_31)" of 8 bytes each.

The "PAC_ID" provides the status and identification code of the current PAC. For example, "PAC_ID = 00 00 00 00h" means that the current PAC is not used. In the case of a rewritable high density optical disc, if "PAC_ID = FF FF FF FFh", it means that the current PAC area has been used previously but is available again. Also, by recording "PAC_ID" into predetermined bits, for example, by writing in predetermined bits such as "PAC_ID = 54 53 54 00h", it is utilized as a code for confirming whether the current drive is a freely accessible disk. do. In other words, if the current drive does not recognize the "PAC_ID" input as described above, it is determined that the "PAC_ID" is not understood because the version is different or the like. Therefore, "PAC_ID = 54 53 54 00h" is utilized as a code for referring to the information recorded in the "Unknown PAC Rules" field.

As described above, the "Unknown PAC Rules" field is used as a field for designating an operation range of a drive that does not recognize the current PAC, which will be described with reference to FIG. 5. 5 illustrates a configuration of an "Unknown PAC Rules" field according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5, it is possible to define whether or not various areas of the disc can be controlled through the "Unknown PAC Rules" field represented by 4 bytes (32 bits). In this example, the "Area" column on the table of FIG. 5 represents the controllable areas of the disc, and the "Bits" column on the table represents the number of bits required for control. The "Control type" column on the table indicates the type of control such as recording / playback.

The "Unknown PAC Rules" field is used to control the controllable / accessible areas / zones on the disc. For example, "Unknown PAC Rules" includes write control for "TDMA area (TDDS (Temporary Disc Definition Structure) is not included)". "Unknown PAC Rules" also includes write control for "Spare Areas" in the Data Zones. &Quot; Unknown PAC Rules " also includes write and read control for control data zones (CDs) in the info area. In addition, " Unknown PAC Rules " includes write and read control with respect to the segment area when a segment area or a user data area is defined in the data area. "Unknown PAC Rules" also includes write and read control for PAC clusters in the info area. As mentioned above, by using these fields, a controllable area on the disk for a drive that does not recognize 'PAC_ID' is designated using "Unknown PAC Rules". Thus, if the drive version is different or the user wants access control, the "Unknown PAC Rules" is utilized as access control information for the entire disk or a specific physical area within the disk.

Referring back to FIG. 4, the "PAC Update Count" field is a field indicating the number of updates of the PAC (firstly set to '0'). The number recorded is incremented each time the PAC is re-written. In addition, the "Entire Disc Flag" field of FIG. 4 is used as a field applied to the entire disc area irrespective of the assignment for 'unknown PAC', which indicates whether to allow re-initialization. can do. However, in the case of a write once high density optical disc, re-initialization is not allowed. In this case, the "Entire Disc Flag" field indicates that the corresponding PAC is applicable to the entire disc area.

In addition, the "Number of Segments" field is a field indicating the number of segment areas to which the PAC is applicable. By way of example, the segment includes a maximum number of segments (eg, 32) that can be allocated in one PAC. The information about the allocated segment is recorded in the fields of "Segment_0" to "Segment_31" of 8 bytes each. The " Segment_0 to 31 " fields each include a first physical sector number (PSN) and a last physical sector number (PSN) of the segment area.

A detailed description of the segment is as follows. 6 shows segment regions on a high density optical disc according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to Fig. 6, up to a maximum number (eg, 32) of segment areas to which a PAC is applied on a high density optical disk can be allocated as necessary, and the number of segment areas starts from "segment 0". That is, segments managed by one PAC can be allocated from "segment 0" up to the maximum number (for example, 32) in ascending order, and the segment managed by each PAC even when a plurality of PACs exist. The total number of regions does not exceed the maximum number (eg 32).

For example, the first PSN of the first cluster indicating the start position of the allocated segment region and the last PSN of the last cluster indicating the last position of the allocated segment region are recorded in the "Segements" field. By this, the optical disc drive can identify the positions of the segment areas. Also, for example, a plurality of segments, which are allocated and managed by one PAC, do not overlap each other, and a start position and a last position are designated in a boundary region between clusters.

Thus, in embodiments, the present invention will provide a plurality of PACs for managing the number of segment regions (eg, 32), which will be described in detail later.

7 illustrates a PAC area on a high density optical disc according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to FIG. 7, each of the plurality of 'valid PACs' is recorded on a 32 cluster sized PAC area (eg, a PAC area in INFO 1 or INFO 2) with one cluster size. The effective PAC may be an area having various types of PAC information as described above. In addition, a PAC that is not accessible to an optical disc due to, for example, a recording update, a defect, and / or a similar condition is referred to as an 'Invalid PAC'.

As described above, the effective PAC includes a preset PAC_ID that depends on the optical disc drive version on which the PAC is recorded. Also, unused PAC regions exist as spare PACs. For a rewritable optical disc, for example, 'PAC_ID = 00 00 00h' may be a spare PAC that is set by the optical disc drive and indicates that the area is not used, or may exist as an unrecorded area.

However, in the case of a write once high density optical disc, the information can only be recorded once physically on the disc. Thus, the spare area remains in an unrecorded state until recording is completed or the disc is closed (this is when the user selects no further recording).

Within the PAC area of the above-described structure, in order to quickly navigate to the next recordable area, an area where a valid PAC can be searched or can no longer be recorded (e.g., an area that has already been recorded or is invalid). Avoiding PAC affects the recording speed of the disc. That is, a plurality of repeated retries are performed to reproduce the defective area. Accordingly, embodiments of the present invention include a method of recording various kinds of PAC related status information. For example, the location of a plurality of valid PACs, the location of the next recordable PAC, and / or other related information is recorded in the TDDS in the disk structure, for example until disk closing is performed. If disk closing is performed, the most recent TDDS information is transferred to a disc definition structure (DDS) in a separate disc management area (DMA) in the optical disc.

As mentioned above, the TDDS is an area that contains information such as the first physical sector number of a defect list, the location of the user data area and / or other similar information. More specifically, the information recorded in the TDDS of the disc includes a temporary defect list (TDFL) and / or TDDS information. The information recorded in the TDDS is pre-scanned and preloaded when the disc is loaded into the drive. Thus, if various status information is recorded in the TDDS, for example the location of a plurality of valid PACs and the next recordable PAC location, the optical disc drive can easily obtain the information on the PAC area without scanning the entire PAC area. Will be.

An example of a TDDS structure including various kinds of information related to the state of a PAC region is described in detail below. 8 shows a TDDS structure in a write once high density optical disc according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to FIG. 8, the TDDS of the write once optical disc includes a "TDDS identifier" field, a "TDDS format" field, and a logical sector number (LSN: 0) of the user data area. It may include a "Location of LSN 0 of User Data Area" field indicating, a "PAC Status L0" field indicating PAC status information and / or a "PAC Status L1" field indicating PAC status information for a dual layer. have.

The " PAC Status L0 " field is composed of 16 bytes in total, and is not only a field indicating the PAC status existing in the PAC area of the Info1 zone, but also a PAC present in the PAC area of the Info2 zone. It is used as a field indicating status. If the disc is a dual layer disc having two recording layers, the " PAC Status L1 " field indicates information for another recording layer in the dual layer disc on which the PAC is recorded.

An example of a method of recording PAC status information in the TDDS will be described in detail as follows. 9A to 9C illustrate a method of recording a PAC area and PAC state information of a write once high density optical disc according to an embodiment of the present invention.

According to FIG. 9A, at the maximum number of PACs (eg, 32), each PAC has a size of 1 cluster and is allocated in the PAC2 area in the Info2 area having 32 clusters. The PAC assigned in the PAC2 area is called the original PAC, and the copy PAC can be recorded in the PAC1 area in the Info1 area. It is also possible for the PAC1 area in the info1 area to be the original PAC, and the PAC2 area in the info2 area to be a copy PAC.

As shown in Fig. 9B, one " PAC Status LO " field indicates the PAC status of the PAC2 area in the Info2 area and the PAC1 area in the Info1 area in total 128 bits (or 16 bytes). In the case of the dual layer, the "PAC Status L1" field is added to utilize 256 bits (or 32 bytes) in total. Therefore, two bits are used as information representing one PAC area. For example, of 64 bits having PAC status information on a PAC status bitmap, bits b63 and b62 include status information of PAC # 1 (eg, 'location 1') in the PAC2 region, b61 and b60 include status information of PAC # 2 (eg, 'location 2') in the PAC2 region. Applying this in a continuous and similar manner, bits b1 and b0 contain status information of PAC # 32 (eg, 'location 32') in the PAC2 region. In other words, two bits are allocated to one PAC, thereby indicating the PAC state of the PAC2 region. Similarly, state information on the PAC1 area is represented on a PAC state bitmap using the same method as above.

9C shows the PAC state for the PAC region represented by the two bits. According to the example of FIG. 9C, if two bits indicating the PAC state are '00', it indicates that the PAC has not been recorded. Also, if two bits are '01', this indicates that the PAC has not been used in a write once high density optical disc. In the case of a rewritable high-density optical disc, the 2-bit '01' is used as 'PAC_ID = 00 00 00h' indicating that the PAC has not been recorded or indicating that the PAC has already been used before but is a reusable PAC. It can be used as 'PAC_ID = FF FF FFh'. Also, if 2 bits is '10', the corresponding PAC area is a defective area or indicates that the PAC is an invalid PAC. In addition, if 2 bits is '11', it indicates that the corresponding PAC is a valid PAC.

Thus, the next recordable PAC area corresponds to the PAC area where the PAC status bit in the " PAC Status " field is indicated by '00'. In addition, the position of the defective area or the invalid PAC corresponds to a PAC area in which the PAC status bit in the "PAC Status" field is indicated as '01'. In addition, the position of a valid PAC corresponds to a PAC region in which the PAC status bit in the "PAC Status" field is indicated by '11'. By using the method described above, ie, through the 'PAC Status' field of 16 bytes (or 32 bytes in the dual layer) included in the TDDS area, among the PACs recorded on the PAC1 area and the PAC2 area, the effective PAC It is possible for the optical disc drive to easily confirm the position of the next recordable position and the position of the next recordable PAC.

10A and 10B show examples of PAC area and PAC state information recorded on a write once high density optical disc according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to FIG. 10A, the PAC2 area in the Info2 area in which the original PAC is recorded may include a valid PAC, an invalid PAC, and an unrecorded PAC area. Also, a copy of the original PAC recorded in the PAC2 area is recorded in the PAC1 area. In this case, if the corresponding PAC area is a defective area, an error may occur in the recording process. Therefore, when an error occurs as described above, the PAC is recorded in the next consecutive PAC area in the PAC area where the error occurred. The same rule applies if an error occurs while recording the original PAC.

Fig. 10B shows an example of the PAC area recorded in the "PAC Status" field of the TDDS indicating the PAC status information. More specifically, for example, in the PAC2 area of the Info2 area, PAC # 1 (eg, 'location 1') is recorded as '11' in the corresponding field of the "PAC Status" field as a valid PAC. In addition, PAC # 2 (eg, 'location 2') is an invalid PAC and is recorded as '10' in the corresponding field. The rest of the area is unrecorded and is recorded as '00' in the corresponding field, thereby indicating an unrecorded state. On the other hand, since the PAC1 area of the Info1 area has an error during the recording process, the PAC # 1 (for example, 'location 1') is defined as a defective area, and thus is recorded as '10' in the corresponding field of the "PAC Status" field. do. The next PAC # 2 (eg 'location 2') is a valid PAC and is recorded as '11' in this field. Also, the next PAC # 3 (for example, 'location 3') is written as '10' in the corresponding field as an invalid PAC. Since the rest of the area is unrecorded, it is recorded as '00' in the field.

11A to 11D illustrate a method of recording PAC area and PAC state information according to another embodiment of the present invention. According to Fig. 11A, the original PAC is recorded on the PAC2 area of the Info2 area, and a copy of the original PAC is recorded on the PAC1 area. In the method according to another embodiment of the present invention, if an error occurs on one side during recording, the corresponding area is not used. The same rule can be applied to errors detected during playback. More specifically, when an error occurs in PAC # 1 (eg, 'location 1') of the PAC1 area where the copy of the original PAC is recorded, area 1 (eg, 'location 1') of the corresponding PAC2 is generated. ) Is not used as well. Thereafter, the PAC is rewritten in an area subsequent to area 1.

Similarly, if an error occurs in PAC # 3 (e.g., 'location 3') of the PAC2 area where the original PAC was recorded, the corresponding PAC is recorded on the continuous area of area 3. Thus, the corresponding area 3 of the PAC1 area is not used as well, and a copy of the original PAC is recorded in the next subsequent area of the area 3 in the PAC1 area. When using the above-described method, the PACs recorded on the PAC2 area and the PAC1 area are each the same and located in the same area. Thus, if an error occurs while the drive is reproducing the PAC2 area of the Info2 area, the drive may alternatively access and read the PAC at the same location in the PAC1 area of the Info1 area, without the need for any additional information. It is possible.

Further, in the case of indicating status information of the PAC area recorded on the TDDS, the PAC is recorded on the same position on the PAC2 area and the PAC1 area. Therefore, it becomes possible to indicate only information of either PAC2 or PAC1. Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given with reference to FIG. 11B. According to FIG. 11B, 8 bytes (or 16 bytes in the case of a dual layer disc) may be used in the "PAC Status" field of the TDDS, and only one of the PAC2 area and the PAC1 area needs to indicate status information. If the state information is indicated using two bitmaps, as described in the embodiment shown in Fig. 9B, the two bitmaps contain the same information. The recorded 2-bit information is shown in FIG. 11C, which is represented using the same method described in FIG. 9C.

The recorded PAC area as shown in Fig. 11A is recorded in the "PAC Status" field as shown in Fig. 11D. More specifically, according to Fig. 11D, if area 1 (e.g., 'location 1') is an error area in the PAC2 area or PAC1 area, '10' is recorded in the corresponding field. Also, if the area 2 (e.g., 'location 2') is a valid PAC, '11' is recorded in the corresponding field. If area 3 (e.g., 'location 3') is an error area, '10' is recorded in the corresponding field. Also, if the area 4 (e.g., 'location 4') is a valid PAC, '11' is recorded in the corresponding field. The rest of the area is unrecorded and '00' is recorded in the corresponding field.

12 illustrates a method of displaying PAC status information on a TDDS when a recorded PAC is updated according to an embodiment of the present invention. In particular, according to Fig. 12, the PAC is recorded on the PAC2 area of the Info2 area and the PAC1 area of the Info1 area, and the PAC status information is recorded in the "PAC Status" field of the TDDS. An example field is described with one valid PAC (eg, PAC 1). For a PAC recorded by the above-described manner, an update of one valid PAC information recorded is required. In this example, if the optical disc is a high density rewritable optical disc, the information can be rewritten using an overwriting method. However, in the case of the write once high-density optical disc, superimposed recording cannot be utilized.

Therefore, when using a write once high density optical disc, the updated effective PAC is recorded in the subsequent next area of the PAC1, as shown in Fig. 12B. Finally, the previously recorded PAC1 becomes an invalid PAC and the corresponding state information is updated from '11' to '10' representing the valid PAC. In addition, the next valid PAC1 newly updated is updated from the unrecorded area to the valid PAC, that is, the PAC state is updated from '00' to '11'.

Also, as shown in Fig. 12C, upon recording the next valid PAC2, a copy of the valid PAC2 can be recorded in the PAC1 area of the Info1 area. At this time, an error may occur in the process of recording the effective PAC2 in the PAC1 area of the info1 area. If an error occurs, the valid PAC2 is recorded in a subsequent recordable area following the error area. Therefore, by recording the effective PAC2, the PAC state information indicating the PAC2 area is updated from '00' to '11' indicating that the initial PAC2 is an unrecorded area. Furthermore, since an error occurred while recording valid PAC2, the PAC status information indicating the PAC1 region is updated from '00' to '11'. Also, since the valid PAC2 has been recorded on the next recordable area, the PAC status information is updated from '00' to '11'.

Although not shown in the figure, if an error occurs during playback in the effective PAC area, the status information is updated from '11' to '00'. In addition, the TDDS information is continuously updated as necessary until the disk is closed in TDMA. In addition, as described above, if TDMA is not sufficient, additional TDMA may be allocated.

Fig. 13 shows TDDS in a write once high density optical disc according to another embodiment of the present invention. According to Fig. 13, a TDDS in a write once high density optical disc indicates a position of a "TDDS identifier" field, a "TDDS format" field, and a first logical sector number (LSN: Logical Sector Number) of the user data area. "Location of LSN 0 of User Data Area" field, "Last LSN of User Data Area" field indicating location of last logical sector number (LSN) of user data area, "PAC Clusters Defect Status" field indicating error status of PAC And / or a "PAC Allocated Space" field indicating the allocated state of the PAC area. The " PAC Clusters Defect Status " field and the " PAC Allocated Space " field in the TDDS having the above-described structure store various PAC status information (for example, the location of a defective cluster and the location of a valid PAC allocated on the PAC area). It is used to indicate. A method of recording PAC status information using the "PAC Clusters Defect Status" field and the "PAC Allocated Space" field will be described in detail below. 14A and 14B illustrate a method of recording PAC area and PAC state information of a write once high density optical disc according to another embodiment of the present invention. According to Fig. 14A, the total number of PACs (e.g., 32) can be recorded in one PAC area. For each of the recorded PACs, as shown in FIG. 14B, 32 bits may be used in the "PAC Clusters Defect Status" field to indicate whether there is a defect in the PAC cluster. In addition, 64-bit may be required to indicate the state of the PAC1 region having a copy of the original PAC, and in the case of a dual layer, up to 128 bits may be required. More specifically, according to FIG. 14B, N bits may be used as PAC defect state (hereinafter, 'PDS') information for indicating a defect state of a corresponding cluster. For example, '0' indicates that PAC cluster N is not a defective area, and '1' indicates that PAC cluster N is a defective area. The PDS 31 bits and the PDS 30 bits may be allocated consecutively to indicate the states of the PAC # 1 region and the PAC # 2 region, respectively. 32 PDS bits are provided to indicate possible fault conditions in one PAC region. Additionally, 32 bits may be used to indicate the allocated state of the PAC area in the "PAC Allocated Space" field. Similarly, 64 bits may be required to indicate the state of the PAC1 region with a copy of the original PAC, and up to 128 bits for the dual layer.

The PAC status bit (hereinafter 'PSB') N bit shown in FIG. 14B is used to indicate the allocated state of the PAC region. For example, '0' indicates that PAC cluster N is newly assignable (ie, that PAC is unused), and '1' indicates that PAC cluster N has already been used. As described in the PBS bit description above, the PSB bits are sequentially allocated from PAC # 1 to PAC # 32. For example, bit PSB 31 represents the state of the PAC # 1 region, and bit PSB 30 represents the state of the PAC # 2 region.

15A and 15B show an example of a PAC area and PAC state information recorded in a write once high density optical disc according to another embodiment of the present invention. According to Fig. 15A, PAC # 1, PAC # 2 and PAC # 3 are assigned. Referring to FIG. 15B, if PAC # 2 is defective zero, the PDS bit indicating the PAC # 2 region is recorded as '1' in the bitmap in the "PAC Clusters Defect Status" field. Also, in the bitmap in the "PAC Allocated Space" field, bits PSB 31, bits PSB 30 and bits PSB 29 represent PAC # 1, PAC # 2 and PAC # 3, respectively, all of which are '1' representing the already allocated state. Is set to. Therefore, through the TDDS information of the above-described example, the optical disk drive can identify the PAC # 4 as the next recordable area.

Fig. 16 shows the structure of the optical recording / reproducing apparatus of the write once high density optical disc according to the embodiment of the present invention. According to FIG. 16, the optical recording / reproducing apparatus includes a recording / reproducing device 10 for recording and reproducing on an optical disc, and a host or controller 20 for controlling the recording / reproducing device 10. do. For example, the recording and playback section 10 operates as an "optical disk drive" associated with the various embodiments of the present invention described above.

In one embodiment, the control unit 20 issues a recording or reproducing command to a specific area of the optical disc to the recording and reproducing unit 10, and the recording and reproducing unit 10 transmits to the specific area according to the command of the control unit 20. To perform recording and playback.

The recording / reproducing unit 10 includes an interface unit 12 for communicating data and commands with the control unit 20, and a pickup unit for directly recording or reading data on an optical disc. (11, pick up) and a data processor 13 for receiving a signal read out from the pickup section 11 and restoring it to a desired signal value, or for modulating a signal to be recorded into a signal recorded on an optical disc. , a data processor), a servo unit 14 for controlling the pickup unit 11 to accurately read a signal from the optical disc or to accurately record a signal on the optical disc, and various information and data including management information. It further includes a memory 15 temporarily stored, and a microcomputer 16 that controls the components in the recording / reproducing unit 10.

A method of recording a PAC onto a write once high density optical disc by using the optical recording and reproducing apparatus is as follows. Initially, when an optical disc is inserted into an optical recording and reproducing apparatus, all management information in the optical disc is read out and stored in a memory in the recording and reproducing section 10, and these management information is utilized in recording and reproducing the optical disc. In this state, when the user wants to record in a specific area of the optical disc, the control unit 20 transfers the data to the recording and playback section 10 together with data to record the position information desired for recording as a recording command.

The microcomputer 16 in the recording / reproducing section 10 receives the recording command, and checks whether or not the area in the optical disc to which the control section 20 wants to record is a defective area or the like from management information stored in the memory 15. Then, data is recorded in an area other than the defective area according to the recording command of the control unit 20.

If the recording of the entire disc or the specific area includes a new feature that is not present in the conventional version of the recording and reproducing apparatus, and it is determined that the conventional version of the recording and reproducing apparatus is not recognized or the user's request. In order to limit functions such as recording or reproducing of a specific area on the disc, the microcomputer 16 in the recording / reproducing section 10 transmits control information about the area to a PAC zone on the disc. Record as Unknown PAC rule. In addition, the microcomputer 16 in the recording / reproducing section 10 records PAC information such as 'PAC_ID' according to the recorded state and segment information indicating the area when the control information is for the specific area on the disc.

The PAC information is recorded in a size of 1 cluster each as a plurality of valid PACs in the PAC2 area of the Info2 area, and the plurality of valid PACs are copied and recorded in the PAC1 area of the Info1 area for backup purposes. In this case, the microcomputer 16 transmits the position information and data of the area where the data is recorded or the PAC area to the servo 14 and the data processor 13, and through the pickup unit 11, a desired position in the optical disc. Allow the record to complete.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method of recording and reproducing a high density optical disc on which PAC information is recorded is as follows. Initially, when an optical disc is inserted into an optical recording / reproducing apparatus, all management information in the optical disk is read out and stored in the memory in the recording / reproducing section 10, and these management information is utilized in recording and reproducing the optical disk. The information stored in the memory 10 includes location information of various areas including a PAC area on a disc. Thereafter, the PAC_ID field of the PAC is checked to determine whether the PAC_ID is a recognizable PAC_ID.

If the PAC_ID is recognizable, it is determined that the version is the same as that of the recording / reproducing apparatus that records the data on the disk or that there is no separate recording / reproducing restriction, and the recording / reproducing is performed according to the command of the controller 20. .

In addition, when the PAC_ID is not recognized, it is determined that there is a recording / reproduction limit because the version is recorded by another recording / reproducing apparatus, and in this case, the recording / playback restriction area on the disc recorded in the "Unknown PAC Rule" Recording / reproducing according to the command of the controller. Accordingly, the microcomputer 16 transmits the position information and data according to the command of the control unit to the servo 14 and the data processor 13 so that recording / reproducing is possible at the desired position in the optical disc via the pickup unit 11. Allow it to complete.

As described above, the method and apparatus for recording and reproducing a write once high density optical disc according to the embodiment of the present invention have one or more advantages as follows.

First, using PACs, the definition of in-disk accessible areas of different version drives allows for stronger protection of the data area in which user data is recorded. For example, it can be prevented by unauthorized access such as hacking.

Secondly, a plurality of PACs can be allocated on the disk, and by recording information indicative of the PAC status in the TDDS, it is possible to manage the PAC in the high density optical disk.

Third, the data recording / reproducing method and apparatus using PACs make it possible to efficiently record data on a high density optical disc or to efficiently reproduce data from a high density optical disc.

As described above, the above-described embodiments of the present invention can be improved, changed, replaced or added to various other embodiments within the technical spirit and technical scope of the present invention disclosed in the appended claims below. Will be self explanatory. Accordingly, the present invention includes modifications and variations of the present invention within the scope of the claims of the present invention and equivalents thereof.

Claims (26)

At least one physical access control (PAC) area comprising at least one physical access control (PAC) cluster, At least one management area for each of the at least one physical access control (PAC) cluster, the management area including status information for managing recording and / or playback on a recording medium, the status information The recording medium, characterized in that it comprises an invalid status (invalid status) of each PAC cluster. According to claim 1, The invalid state indicates that the PAC cluster is no longer valid by updating data of the PAC cluster. According to claim 1, The status information includes a defect status of each PAC cluster. According to claim 1, The status information includes a valid status of each PAC cluster. According to claim 1, And the at least one management area is a temporary disc definition structure (TDDS). The method of claim 5, The status information for the PAC cluster is updated in the TDDS. The method of claim 6, If the PAC cluster is identified as defective, the PAC cluster is indicated as defective and skipped, and the next recordable PAC cluster is recorded as valid. The method of claim 6, If the PAC cluster has been updated, the PAC cluster is indicated as invalid and the newly updated PAC cluster is recorded as valid at the next recordable PAC cluster location. The method of claim 5, If the PAC cluster is invalid, the status information of the PAC cluster is updated in the TDDS. The method of claim 9, If the PAC cluster is invalid, the invalid PAC cluster is skipped and the next PAC cluster is recorded at the next recordable PAC cluster location. The method of claim 5, And if the previous valid PAC cluster becomes invalid, defective or updated, the status information of the previous valid PAC cluster is revoke. According to claim 1, The status information may include defect status information and / or allocation status information. The method of claim 12, The defect status information indicates whether each PAC cluster is a defect. The method of claim 12, The defect status information indicates whether each PAC cluster is non-defective. The method of claim 12, The allocation status information indicates whether to allocate each PAC cluster. The method of claim 12, The allocation status information indicates whether each PAC cluster is newly allocated. According to claim 1, And the status information includes at least one bit. According to claim 1, The status information includes a PAC status bitmap. The method of claim 18, And the PAC status bitmap indicates at least validity of each PAC cluster. The method of claim 19, And the PAC status bitmap indicates whether each PAC cluster is unrecorded, (re) usable or valid. A method of updating, in a recording medium, status information associated with at least one PAC cluster in a PAC area, If the PAC cluster is updated, writing the updated PAC cluster to the next recordable cluster location in the PAC region; And recording status information such that the PAC cluster is in an invalid state and the updated PAC cluster is in a valid state. A method of updating, in a recording medium, status information associated with at least one PAC cluster in a PAC area, If the PAC cluster is found to be a defective area during recording or playback, recording the data of the PAC cluster to the next recordable cluster position in the PAC area; And recording the status information such that the PAC cluster is in an invalid or defective state and the next recordable PAC cluster containing data of the PAC cluster is in a valid state. A method for updating a PAC cluster on a recording medium once, Recording the PAC cluster in the PAC region; Including updating the PAC cluster, Marking the status information of the previous PAC cluster as invalid, marking the status information of the updated PAC cluster as valid, wherein the updated PAC cluster is written to another available cluster location in the PAC region. Way. A recording medium recording and / or reproducing apparatus, A driver for driving an optical recording device for recording data on the recording medium or reproducing data from the recording medium; At least one physical access control (PAC) region comprising at least one physical access control (PAC) cluster, and at least one comprising status information for each of the at least one physical access control (PAC) clusters. A controller for controlling the driver to record or reproduce data based on one or more management areas, When the PAC cluster is updated, the controller records the updated PAC cluster at a next recordable cluster position in the PAC area, invalidly records the state information of the PAC cluster, and the state information of the updated PAC cluster is valid. A recording medium recording and reproducing apparatus characterized by updating status information by recording. A recording medium recording and / or reproducing apparatus, A driver for driving an optical recording device for recording data on the recording medium or reproducing data from the recording medium; At least one physical access control (PAC) region comprising at least one physical access control (PAC) cluster, and at least one comprising status information for each of the at least one physical access control (PAC) clusters. A controller for controlling the driver to record or reproduce data based on one or more management areas, If the PAC cluster is found to be a defective area during recording or playback, the controller writes the data of the PAC cluster to the next recordable cluster position in the PAC area, and the PAC cluster is in an invalid or defective state, and the data of the PAC cluster. And the next recordable PAC cluster comprising: recording state information to indicate a valid state. A recording and / or reproducing apparatus on a recordable recording medium, wherein A driver for driving an optical recording device for recording data on a write-once recording medium or reproducing data from the write-once recording medium; At least one physical access control (PAC) region comprising at least one physical access control (PAC) cluster, and at least one comprising status information for each of the at least one physical access control (PAC) clusters. A controller for controlling the driver to record or reproduce data based on one or more management areas, The controller records a PAC cluster in a PAC region, updates the PAC cluster, and the controller marks invalid state information of the previous PAC cluster, marks state information of the updated PAC cluster as valid, And the control unit records the updated PAC cluster at another usable cluster position in the PAC area.

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