KR20050113310A - Oak filter bed for wastewater treatment method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present application is a sewage treatment method that decomposes pollutants of sewage using microorganisms

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a system, which aims to provide an economical sewage treatment system that minimizes the installation space by maximizing treatment efficiency by supplementing and modifying the conventional sewage treatment method, thereby reducing the initial construction and after-care costs.

More specifically, the present application is a structure in which the contact oxidation process is combined with the A ₂ O method, and the waste oak tree (oak), which is discarded as a waste after mushroom cultivation, is processed into a certain shape and filled into a contact nitrification tank, thereby fixing it to a filled biomembrane piece. Microorganisms adhere and grow to ensure the residence time of nitrifying microorganisms that require a long residence time, which can raise the efficiency of advanced processing to the maximum, and to maintain the concentration of microorganisms in the aerobic tank at high concentrations. It is intended to be able to oxidize and to remove hardly decomposable organic matter by wood fungi grown in waste wood, and by using wood chips, it is a natural and environmentally friendly sewage treatment system that is free from secondary pollution. It is to provide.

Description

Oak filter bed for wastewater treatment method

The present invention relates to a sewage treatment method, apparatus and system for purifying treatment of all sewage and livestock waste generated in the city, sewage discharged from home, and the like.

Due to the rapid industrialization and the increase of urban population, living sewage and factory wastewater are discharged and flowed into the rivers as it is, causing pollution of water resources used as water resources, and furthermore, destruction of the natural ecosystem, resulting in various weather and environmental pollution. It is the reality of today that causes various diseases.

In order to reduce this water pollution, local governments have set up sewage treatment plants in various places to minimize and discharge pollutants.

Conventionally, activated sludge method and catalytic oxidation method have been used as a method for purifying sewage.

The activated sludge method is to remove organic substances, nitrogen, phosphorus, etc., which are contained in sewage. To remove these pollutants, the biological nutrient removal processes developed so far are continuous inflow activated sludge and batch activated sludge. It has been used separately.

Continuous inflow activated sludge methods include A / O (Anaerobic / Oxic), A ₂ / O (Anaerobic, Anoxic, Oxic), UCT (University of Cape Town), MUCT (Modified Univerisity of Cape Town,) VIP (Virgina Initiative Plant) There is a construction method.

Among them, A ₂ / O method is a process combining anaerobic, anaerobic, and aerobic in order to remove biological nitrogen and phosphorus at the same time.

The present application intends to provide a treatment method of a structure in which the catalytic oxidation process is combined with the A ₂ / O method.

In general, the daily sewage flow is irregularly introduced up to about 2.5 times the hourly average inflow rate according to the time zone, and thus, in the absence of a flow adjustment tank, the treatment efficiency is drastically reduced in the reactor. In addition, if you want to control the flow to a certain amount has a problem that the capacity of the flow adjustment tank is excessively large submarine facility area and initial facility investment cost.

In addition, in the case of activated sludge method, the amount of sludge generated is large, and the type of microorganisms inhabiting the aerobic tank is simple, so it is weak to load fluctuation and difficult to recover when the system collapses.

In addition, the reduction of the nitrifier microorganism activity due to the winter temperature decreases a lot of difficulties in nitrogen removal.

In order to alleviate these problems, a membrane separation process that replaces a conventional solid-liquid separation process and a filtration process using a membrane is recently used.

The membrane separation method replaces the conventional sedimentation basin with a filtration module, and the separation efficiency of solids is more stable and superior to that of the sedimentation basin and can reduce a part of the structure corresponding to the sedimentation basin. However, the initial facility cost is excessive, a professional manpower for the management of the filtration module is required, and problems such as breakage or blockage of the filtration membrane are generated and there are many difficulties in maintenance.

The present invention is to develop a high-tech processing technology using biofilm wood pieces to solve this problem in consideration of the above problems, the present application is a form of a structure that combines the contact oxidation process in the A ₂ / O method as a waste after mushroom cultivation By processing the discarded dead wood (oak) into a certain shape and filling it in the contact nitriding tank, the adherent microorganism adheres to the filled biofilm wood pieces and secures the residence time of nitrifying microorganisms that require a long residence time. It is possible to raise the maximum amount and to maintain high concentration of microorganisms in the aerobic tank to oxidize organic matter in a short time, and to remove hardly degradable organic matter by wood fungi grown in waste wood. It is intended to be.

The oak after 3 years of cultivation of shiitake mushrooms is processed into a uniform shape to make a biomembrane piece carrier, and it is filled with a contact nitriding tank to multiply the floating microorganisms and the adherent microorganisms to make them more adaptable to the load fluctuations of the influent and to slow nitrification The microorganisms are immobilized to remove organic matter and nitrogen efficiently, and coexisting protozoa and welfare animal that feed sludge and oxidation of organic matter by adherent microorganism adhered to biofilm, reduce sludge generation and easy maintenance In order to effectively and reliably treat organic pollutants and nutrients at cost, the present invention is to provide a method and a system for advanced sewage treatment to secure clean water quality.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to a sewage and wastewater treatment method and system, characterized in that the biofilm wood piece carrier is made and filled into the contact nitriding tank 12 to remove organic matter and nutrients.

That is the waste elevation neck (oak) discarded as after growing mushrooms in a wastewater treatment system for processing decompose pollutants in sewage by using a microorganism as a structure to integrate the catalytic oxidation step to A ₂ / O method waste by A ₂ / O method To process nitriding tanks into a nitriding tank in order to fill the contact nitrification tank. The aerobic biological reaction tank is divided into two sections, a bioactive tank and a contact nitriding tank. The oak wood piece is divided into 6 pieces of shiitake, which have been grown for 3 years in shiitake mushrooms, and cut into a triangular shape with an inner center angle of <60 ° .The biofilm carriers filled in the contact nitriding tank are stacked in a lattice shape, It relates to a sewage treatment system having a structure stacked to occupy a volume of from 80% to 80%.

The biomembrane fragments can be used for the first time by using wood decay bacteria attached to oak used for cultivation of shiitake mushrooms for more than 3 years, and wastewater treatment can be efficiently carried out by the strains, and the habitat environment of bacteria is naturally underwater. The reestablishment eliminates the need for an additional supply of microorganisms.

The wood decay fungus can effectively remove cellulose and cellulose, which are hardly degradable substances in water.

Wood fungus is a general term for mycelial parasitic on wood. When these myceliums are classified according to the nutritional intake method,

① By-products: It is a kind that occurs in fertilized straw or grass. It can be seen in mushrooms.

② wood decay fungi: shiitake mushrooms, sour mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, leafy mushrooms, etc., to decay the wood by the action of their own enzymes to eat the necessary nutrients. It is cultivated using raw wood as it is, but it is often caused by rotten wood. These types decompose indigestible polysaccharides, such as cellulose and lignin, into components that can be used for metabolism by their own enzymes.

③ Fungus: Live with the roots of trees that become symbiotic plants, such as pine mushrooms, mushrooms, mushrooms, and mushrooms. It is also called a live parasitic bacterium because it creates a special organ that connects the roots of the mycorrhizal to the roots and absorbs nutrients.

④ Parasitic bacteria: It is a kind of living unilaterally absorbing nutrients to living plants and animals. Mulberry mushrooms are parasitic on trees, and Cordyceps sinensis are parasitic on insects and spiders. Therefore, it is used to decompose cellulose and lignin, which are fiber of the plant, among the components of hardly degradable organic matter of sewage using wood decay fungi.

The biofilm wood piece may form a structure that surrounds the wood piece from the outside using a stainless steel wire mesh, synthetic resin material or synthetic fiber material.

Solids detached from the biofilm neck of the contact nitriding tank may be recycled while being returned to the bioactive tank for circulation.

Referring to the treatment process of the present invention in detail.

The advanced treatment method of sewage using the biomembrane piece of the present invention is a purification treatment consisting of a flow adjusting tank (7), an anaerobic tank (9), an anoxic tank (10), a biologically active tank (11), and a contact nitriding tank (12) as main processes. The function and principle of each major treatment process by the system shows that the flow control tank manages the flow rate of the influent sewage for a certain period of time and transports the flow control function to minimize the impact load of microorganisms. It is converted into a fermentation substrate so as to be consumed when releasing microorganisms.

In the anoxic tank, the organic material is used as an electron donor in the denitrification of the nitrate conveyed from the contact nitriding tank by the denitrification microorganism to remove the organic material.

The removal of organic matter in the bioactive tank (11) and the contact nitriding tank (12) shows that aerobic microorganisms oxidize and decompose organic sources in wastewater using enzymes under aerobic energy to obtain energy and form some of them into plasma. If you put it stoichiometrically,

C ₅ H ₇ NO ₂ + 5O ₂ --Enzyme-> 5CO ₂ + 2H ₂ O + NH ₃ -can be represented by ΔH.

In more detail, the nitrification mechanism of the contact nitriding tank is attached to the biofilm, and microorganisms such as nitrosomons and nitrobactors, which are nitrifying microorganisms, are attached and suspended to increase the efficiency of microorganisms by increasing microbial activity and maintaining anaerobic / aerobic status on the biofilm of adherent microorganisms. Nitrification and denitrification are simultaneously performed on their own, and by using attached microorganisms, it is understood that it is able to cope with the function of inflow load fluctuation.

NH ₄ + + O ₂ --- Nitrosomonas ---> NO _2- + 4H +

NO _2- + O ₂ ---- Nitrobactors ---> NO _3-

Denitrification in an anoxic tank is regarded as a mechanism in which NO ₃ -N oxidized in a contact nitriding tank is returned and reduced to N ₂ through the respiration of denitrification bacteria and released into the atmosphere.

-NO ₃ ----- Preudomonas ---> NO ₂ ----- Preudomonas ---> N ₂ ↑

The sludge transported from the anoxic tank to the bioactive tank is oxidized by the activated sludge in the aerobic state, and the oxidized sludge is transferred to the contact nitriding tank to oxidize the untreated organic matter and nitrification is performed by the adherent microorganisms and suspended microorganisms.

In addition, bioactive tanks act like aerobic tanks in general sewage treatment plants. Therefore, the BOD is first removed and the activated sludge is transferred to the contact nitriding tank.

The transported activated sludge coexists with the adherent microorganisms of the contact nitriding tank, which facilitates the detachment and attachment of sludge, reduces the closure of the media, and increases the nitrification rate by attaching nitrification microorganisms to the biofilm formed in the contact media, thereby attaching a large amount of microorganisms. Maintain MLSS. In addition, since microorganisms of microorganisms and airborne microorganisms of contact media coexist, stable high-level treatment is possible even when water temperature (8 ~ 11 ℃) decreases in winter, and sludge generation amount is caused by coexistence of welfare animals that feed organic material and sludge by adhesion microorganisms. Will decrease.

Looking again at each step of the treatment process shown in Figure 1 of the present application,

1, flow rate adjustment step of minimizing the impact load of microorganisms by storing the peak flow rate in which the inflow of sewage is concentrated by time and transferring it by a certain amount (1),

2, the fine contaminant separation step of removing large and fine solid impurities by the drum screen (2),

3, a nutrient removal step of denitrifying nitrogen nitride nitrogen returned from the contact nitriding tank using denitrification bacteria and removing excess phosphorus (3);

4, biological treatment step of decomposing organic matter into water and carbon dioxide and oxidizing ammonia nitrogen to nitrate nitrogen (4),

5. Sludge separation step (5) for separating sludge etc. generated from biologically treated sewage with treated water purified by sedimentation tank and additional treatment process,

6. Can be identified as a discharge step 6 for discharging the treated sewage.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG.

Figure 2 is a treatment flow chart of the present application as an embodiment of the advanced sewage treatment method using a biofilm wood piece according to the present invention.

Sewage water 7 generated at home is supplied to the flow rate adjustment tank 8 through a pipe line.

The sewage flowing into the flow regulating tank 8 generates peak flow rate for each season. In particular, the smaller the inflow, the greater the incidence and frequency of peak flow. When such peak flow occurs, temporary load or overload occurs on the microorganisms in the biological treatment step, which causes the microbial habitat condition to deteriorate and have a great influence on the discharge water quality. In order to prevent this end, a flow control tank is installed and the sewage is supplied by a certain amount to the nutrient removal step through a fine contaminant separation step. The flow control tank 8 supplies sewage to the micro drum screen (gap 1mm) by a certain amount using an underwater pump, removes contaminants and sediments, and exports them to solids. The treated water from which the solids are separated is an anaerobic tank (10). Is transferred to).

The anaerobic tank 10 is a facility for biologically removing phosphorus. The anaerobic microorganism stores organic matter in PHB (Poly Hydroxyl Butyrate) form and releases phosphorus using energy generated by hydrolysis of polyphosphate. In addition, an agitator is provided to agitate the sludge to induce mixing of the sludge and the surplus sludge conveyed from the settling tank 14 to prevent precipitation of the sludge. The mixed sludge is transported 11 to an anaerobic bath through the conduit.

In the anaerobic tank (11), oxidized nitrates (NO ₃ -N) and nitrites (NO ₂ -N) are transferred to the conduit by a transfer pump via a bioactive tank (12) and a contact nitriding tank (13). Denitrification is carried out by mixing the treated raw water with a stirrer. Denitrification is completed, the sludge is transferred to the natural oil in the bioactive tank 12, which is an organic material treatment step.

The bioactive tank 12 is organic matter is removed by the floating microorganisms and the untreated sludge is transferred to the natural oil into the contact nitriding tank 13, which is the next step.

In contact nitriding tanks (13) in bioactive tanks (12) untreated organics are removed and nitrification is induced by suspended and adherent microorganisms. In particular, by immersing the biomembranous piece (oak) to increase the retention time of nitrifying microorganisms by attaching and growing microorganisms to promote the growth of nitrifying microorganisms slow growth rate. The biofilm neckpiece is filled with 60-80% of the contact nitriding tank 13 and stacked in a lattice form (Fig. 3). In addition, in the contact nitriding tank (13), the activated sludge is returned to the biological activation tank (12) to induce smooth mixing of the floating microorganisms and the adherent microorganisms.

Nitrate and nitrite in the contact nitriding tank (13) are returned to about 90% and 10% of the anaerobic tank and the anaerobic tank (10), respectively, to undergo denitrification and dephosphorization.

The activated sludge from which organic matter and nutrients are removed is transferred to the settling tank (14) to separate the solid liquid, and 95% of the solids are transferred to the anaerobic tank, and the remaining 5% is transferred to the sludge concentration tank (18) and released into the liquid phase. In addition, the liquid component is temporarily stored in the filtrate (15) is transferred to the sand filter 16 by a predetermined amount.

The sand filter (16) removes the solid matter (SS) from the treated water that has passed through the settling tank (14), washes the solids using a backwash pump, transfers it to the flow adjusting tank (8), and reprocesses the remaining treated water. The discharge tank 17 is transferred.

The treated water transferred to the disinfection tank is sterilized by chemicals and finally discharged to the stream.

EXAMPLE

As an experiment to confirm the treatment efficiency of the sewage treatment method of the present application, we tried to use the inflow water from the sewerage system (House No. 20) in Okcheon-myeon, Yangpyeong-gun, Gyeonggi-do, where there are many pig farms, and the anaerobic tank, anaerobic tank, Reaction treatment tanks such as a biologically active tank and a contact nitriding tank were made.

Table 1. Specification for treatment tank installation for use of shiitake contact media of the present application.

division Specification (Width * Height * Length)   Quantity Effective capacity (L)    Residence time (h) Anaerobic tank 500W * 300H * 450L One   63 L   1.50 Anaerobic 500W * 300H * 650L One   92 L   2.20 Biological activation tank 500W * 300H * 900L One   130 L   3.12 Nitriding tank 500W * 300H * 1300L One   185 L   4.44 Contact medium (wood) 450W * 250H * 1200L One   130 L

※ The above standard is designed with the capacity of 1㎥ / d treatment standard and is 70% stacked on the volume of contact nitriding tank of biofilm carrier.

The results obtained by treatment with the advanced treatment facility using the biofilm wood fragment of the present application were obtained as the experimental results 1, and the results obtained by the conventional A2O method were obtained as the experimental results 2.

 The results of the treatment under the above conditions are shown in Table 2. (The data in Table 2 is the average value of the data after 6 months of experiments.)

Table 2.

division Analysis item Experiment Result 1 Experiment Result 2 enemy CODBODSST-NT-P 15812472627 15812472627 Treated water CODBODSST-NT-P 13.26.24.211.31.0 22.418.47.921.42.8 Processing efficiency CODBODSST-NT-P 9295948285 8585896559

As described above, the present invention of the sewage treatment system of the present application supplements the shortcomings of the conventional catalytic oxidation method and the activated sludge method to confirm that the sewage with a large flow rate can effectively remove organic matter and nutrients to prevent pollution of the river. It was.

As described above, the present invention was found to be able to prevent the pollution of the river by effectively removing the organic matter and nutrients in the sewage with a large flow rate change by supplementing the disadvantages of the conventional catalytic oxidation method and activated sludge method.

In particular, by using waste shiitake used as a biofilm carrier, it is possible to stably remove hardly decomposable organic substances and to efficiently remove nutrients by using waste resources and wood fungi inoculated into shiitake.

In addition, the existing sewage treatment facility can be used to complement the initial facility cost can be reduced, and easy maintenance can operate a stable water treatment system at low cost.

 1 is a schematic diagram of an advanced treatment system for sewage according to the present invention;

 2 is a process chart of the embodiment of the advanced sewage treatment system according to the present invention.

 Figure 3 is a laminated structure and arrangement of the neck pieces characterized in the present invention.

 4 is a perspective view of the neck of the present invention.

Claims (5)

In the sewage treatment method which decomposes pollutants of sewage using A ₂ O method using microorganisms, It is a structure that combines the contact oxidation process with the A ₂ O method. In order to process the waste oak tree (oak) into a certain shape and fill it into a contact nitriding tank, the aerobic biological reaction tank is divided into two sections, a bioactive tank and a contact nitriding tank, and a biofilm carrier using oak wood chips is filled in the contact nitriding tank section. Advanced treatment method of sewage. The method of claim 1, The oak wood slices are divided into 6 pieces of shiitake mushrooms, which have been grown for 3 years. An advanced treatment method for sewage, characterized in that the angle is cut in a triangular form of less than 60 °. The method of claim 1, Biofilm wooden carrier is made of stainless steel wire mesh or synthetic resin Forming a structure that wraps it with a net or frame so that the neck piece is not separated by using the fiber Advanced treatment of sewage, characterized in that. The method of claim 1,  The biofilm carriers filled in the contact nitriding tank are stacked in a lattice shape. Sewage high, characterized in that it is laminated so as to occupy 60 to 80% of the volume of the tank Road treatment method. In the biofilm carrier which decomposes contaminants of sewage using microorganisms, A waste shiitake biofilm carrier, characterized in that it has been cut into six equal lengths of shiitake mushrooms grown for three years and cut into triangular forms with an inner center angle of less than 60 °.