KR20050103350A - Joint shear test system - Google Patents
Joint shear test system Download PDFInfo
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- KR20050103350A KR20050103350A KR1020040028596A KR20040028596A KR20050103350A KR 20050103350 A KR20050103350 A KR 20050103350A KR 1020040028596 A KR1020040028596 A KR 1020040028596A KR 20040028596 A KR20040028596 A KR 20040028596A KR 20050103350 A KR20050103350 A KR 20050103350A
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- shear box
- load cell
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2291/00—Indexing codes associated with group G01N29/00
- G01N2291/26—Scanned objects
- G01N2291/269—Various geometry objects
- G01N2291/2696—Wheels, Gears, Bearings
Abstract
본 발명은 절리면 전단시험장치에 관한 것으로, 그 목적은 시료가 전단면을 따라 상,하,좌,우 유동가능하고, 유동시 최소한의 마찰력을 구비하며, 수직/수평하중 작동시, 램의 마찰로 인한 손실을 제거하여 정밀도를 향상시킬 수 있는 절리면 전단시험장치를 제공하는 것이다. The present invention relates to a shear surface shear test apparatus, the object is that the sample can move up, down, left, right along the shear surface, has a minimum frictional force during the flow, friction of the ram during the vertical / horizontal load operation It is to provide a joint surface shear test apparatus that can improve the precision by removing the loss caused by the.
본 발명은 기존 가압기를 사용하여 수직하중으로 하고, 전단 엑츄에이터에 유압장치를 연결하여 전단하중으로 하며, 전단 엑츄에이터와 가압기에 연결되도록 전단로드셀과 수직로드셀을 각각 설치하여 작용하중을 측정하고, 롤러베어링과 마찰계수가 0.0001 이하인 볼 베어링을 설치하여 상부전단상자의 수직변위와 수평변위를 허용하고 마찰력을 최소화하도록 되어 있다. The present invention uses a conventional pressurizer to make a vertical load, connecting the hydraulic device to the shear actuator to shear load, install a shear load cell and a vertical load cell so as to be connected to the shear actuator and the presser, respectively, measuring the working load, roller bearing Ball bearings with an over friction coefficient of 0.0001 or less are installed to allow vertical and horizontal displacement of the upper shear box and minimize friction.
Description
본 발명은 절리면 전단시험장치에 관한 것으로, 최소한의 마찰력에 의해 시료가 이동되고 마찰로 인한 하중손실을 제거하여 암석시편 절리면의 수직응력, 전단응력, 수직변위, 전단변위를 정밀하게 측정할 수 있는 절리면 전단시험장치에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a shear surface shear test apparatus, the sample is moved by the minimum friction force and by removing the load loss due to friction, it is possible to precisely measure the vertical stress, shear stress, vertical displacement, shear displacement of the joint surface of rock specimens It relates to a shearing shear test apparatus.
일반적으로 다양한 절리면을 구비하는 암석의 변위량은 현지 암반의 초기 거동을 예측하는데 있어 매우 중요하다. 상기 암석의 절리면에 대한 변위량을 측정하는 것이 절리면 전단시험장치로서, 종래에 사용되고 있는 절리면 전단시험장치들은 대부분 신선한 시료에 대하여 수행하는 직접전단시험장치로 상부 전단상자의 수직유동 등을 고려할 필요가 없는 장치들이 대부분이고, 하중 측정에 있어서도 램의 마찰 등에 의한 손실로 인하여 정밀도가 떨어지는 문제점이 있었다. In general, the displacement of rocks with various joint surfaces is very important for predicting the initial behavior of local rock. Measuring the displacement amount of the rock to the joint surface is a shear test device, the conventional shear test device is a conventional shear test device that is performed on fresh samples do not need to consider the vertical flow of the upper shear box, etc. Most of the devices, there is a problem that the precision is lowered due to the loss of friction, such as in the load measurement.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 고려하여 이루어진 것으로, 그 목적은 시료가 전단면을 따라 상,하,좌,우 유동가능하고, 유동시 최소한의 마찰력을 구비하는 절리면 전단시험장치를 제공하는 것이다.The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a joint surface shear test apparatus having a sample capable of flowing up, down, left, and right along a shear surface and having minimal frictional force during the flow.
본 발명의 또다른 목적은 수직/수평하중 작동시, 램의 마찰로 인한 손실을 제거하여 정밀도를 향상시킬 수 있는 절리면 전단시험장치를 제공하는 것이다. It is another object of the present invention to provide a joint surface shear test apparatus that can improve the precision by removing the loss due to the friction of the ram during vertical / horizontal load operation.
본 발명의 또다른 목적은 일반 시험용 가압기와 유압장치를 연계하여 사용할 수 있는 우수한 호환성을 구비하는 것이다.Still another object of the present invention is to provide excellent compatibility that can be used in conjunction with a general test pressurizer and a hydraulic device.
본 발명의 또다른 목적은 상/하부 전단상자로의 시료 탈부착을 용이하게 하여, 작업준비 시간을 단축하고, 시료의 교환을 편리하게 하는 것이다. Still another object of the present invention is to facilitate sample detachment to the upper / lower shear box, shorten the preparation time for work, and facilitate the exchange of samples.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 목적을 달성하기 위하여, 기존 가압기를 사용하여 수직하중으로 하고, 전단 엑츄에이터에 유압장치를 연결하여 전단하중으로 하며, 전단 엑츄에이터와 가압기에 연결되도록 전단로드셀과 수직로드셀을 각각 설치하여 작용하중을 측정하고, 롤러베어링과 마찰계수가 0.0001 이하인 볼 베어링을 설치하여 상부전단상자의 수직변위와 수평변위를 허용하고 마찰력을 최소화하도록 되어 있다. In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses a conventional pressurizer to make a vertical load, connects a hydraulic device to a shear actuator to shear load, and installs a shear load cell and a vertical load cell to be connected to the shear actuator and the presser, respectively. By measuring the working load, the roller bearings and the ball bearings with the friction coefficient of 0.0001 or less are installed to allow the vertical and horizontal displacement of the upper shear box and minimize the frictional force.
이하 본 발명을 첨부된 도면에 의거하여 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
도 1 은 본 발명에 따른 구성을 보인 예시도를, 도 3 은 본 발명의 전체 구성을 보인 사진을, 도 4 는 본 발명의 상부 전단상자를 제외한 구성을 보인 사진을 도시한 것으로, 본 발명은 암석시편이 몰딩처리되어 고정되는 상/하부 전단상자(11,12)와, 상기 상부 전단상자(11)에 수직력을 가하는 가압수단(13)과, 상기 가압수단(13)과 연결되는 볼 베어링(14)과, 상기 볼 베어링(14)과 상부 전단상자(11) 사이에 위치하도록 볼 베어링(14) 하부에 설치되는 구형시트(15)와, 상기 구형시트(15)와 상부 전단상자(11) 사이에 위치하도록 설치되는 수직로드셀(16)과, 상기 상부 전단상자(11)에 수평력을 가하고 베이스 플레이트(17)에 제 1 지지대(18)에 의해 고정 설치되는 전단 엑츄에이터(19)와, 상기 제 1 지지대(18)와 다수개의 반력봉(20)에 의해 연결되고 베이스 플레이트(17)의 타측단에 고정설치되는 제 2 지지대(21)와, 상기 반력봉(20)을 따라 이동되고 전단 엑츄에이터(19)의 램과 상부 전단상자(11) 사이에 위치하도록 설치되는 전단로드셀(22)과, 상기 전단로드셀(22)과 상부 전단상자(11) 사이에 위치하고 반력봉(20)을 따라 이동되는 롤러베어링(23)과, 상기 베이스 플레이트(17) 하부에 설치되어 수직변위를 측정하는 수직 LVDT(24) 와, 상기 제 2 지지대(21)에 연결설치되고 상부 전단상자(11)에 접촉되어 수평변위를 측정하는 전단 LVDT(25)로 구성되어 있다. 1 is an exemplary view showing a configuration according to the present invention, Figure 3 is a picture showing the overall configuration of the present invention, Figure 4 is a picture showing a configuration except the upper shear box of the present invention, the present invention Upper / lower shear boxes 11 and 12 to which the rock specimens are molded and fixed, pressurizing means 13 for applying vertical force to the upper shear box 11, and ball bearings connected to the pressing means 13 14), a spherical sheet 15 installed under the ball bearing 14 so as to be located between the ball bearing 14 and the upper shear box 11, and the spherical sheet 15 and the upper shear box 11 A vertical load cell 16 installed so as to be positioned between the front end box and a shear actuator 19 applied to the upper shear box 11 and fixed to the base plate 17 by a first support 18; 1 is supported by the support 18 and the plurality of reaction rods 20 and the other of the base plate 17 A second support 21 fixed to the end, a shear load cell 22 which is moved along the reaction force rod 20 and is installed between the ram of the front end actuator 19 and the upper shear box 11; A roller bearing 23 positioned between the shear load cell 22 and the upper shear box 11 and moving along the reaction force rod 20, and a vertical LVDT installed below the base plate 17 to measure vertical displacement. 24) and a shear LVDT 25 connected to the second support 21 and contacting the upper shear box 11 to measure horizontal displacement.
상기 상하부 전단상자(11,12)는 시료(26)가 설치되는 것으로, 도 2 에 도시된 바와 같이, 내부가 테이퍼진 형상을 구비하며, 바닥면에 캡(11a,12a)이 설치되는 홀(11b,12b)이 형성되고, 상기 홀(11b,12b)이 중앙에 위치하도록 상하부 전단상자(11,12) 내에 플레이트(11c,12c)가 설치되어 있다. The upper and lower shear boxes (11, 12) is a sample 26 is installed, as shown in Figure 2, has a tapered shape inside, the hole (11a, 12a) is installed on the bottom surface ( 11b and 12b are formed, and plates 11c and 12c are provided in upper and lower shear boxes 11 and 12 so that the holes 11b and 12b are located at the center.
즉, 상기 캡(11a,12a)이 설치된 상하부 전단상자의 홀(11b,12b)이 감추어지도록 플레이트(11c,12c)를 설치하고, 상기 몰딩재료를 이용하여 암석시편을 상하부 전단상자(11,12)의 경사지게 형성된 내부에 고정한다. 이때, 상기 암석시편의 몰딩재료로 사용되는 Gypsum cement의 일종인 히드로스톤(Hydro-stone)은 응고시 약간의 팽창 특성이 있으므로, 전단상자의 경사에 의한 영향을 제거할 수 있다. 즉, 전단상자내에 시료가 몰딩처리될 때, 몰딩 재료가 수축하게 되면, 시료가 상자내에서 유동하게 되고, 몰딩재료가 팽창하지 않으면 상자 내부에 발라놓은 그리스의 두께에 따라 유동현상이 발생될 수 있다.That is, the plate (11c, 12c) is installed so that the holes (11b, 12b) of the upper and lower shear boxes provided with the cap (11a, 12a) is hidden, and the rock specimen using the molding material, the upper and lower shear boxes (11, 12) ) To be fixed to the inside formed obliquely. At this time, the hydrostone (Hydro-stone), which is a kind of Gypsum cement used as the molding material of the rock specimen, has a slight expansion characteristic during solidification, and thus, the influence of the inclination of the shear box can be removed. That is, when the molding material shrinks when the sample is molded in the shear box, the sample flows in the box. If the molding material does not expand, the flow phenomenon may occur depending on the thickness of the grease applied to the inside of the box. have.
이와 같이 고정된 암석시편은 시험후 시료(암석시편)을 제거하고자 할 경우, 캡을 제거하고, 홀(11b,12b)을 통해 플레이트(11c,12c)를 타격하게 되면, 상하부 전단상자의 내부가 경사지게 형성되어 있어 암석시편과 몰딩은 쉽게 제거된다. If the fixed rock specimens are to be removed after the test (rock specimens), the caps are removed, and the plates 11c and 12c are hit through the holes 11b and 12b. Beveled, the rock specimens and moldings are easily removed.
상기 가압수단(13)은 시험실에서 사용되고 있는 기존의 일반 가압기를 사용하며, 전단 엑츄에이터는 유압장치를 연결하여 사용한다. The pressurizing means 13 uses a conventional general pressurizer used in the test chamber, the shear actuator is used by connecting a hydraulic device.
상기 볼 베어링(14)은 가압수단에 의해 수직력이 가해진 상태에서 전단 엑츄에이터에 의한 수평력이 가해질 경우, 전단방향의 미끄럼짐에 따른 마찰력을 최소화하기 위하여 설치되는 것으로, 마찰계수가 0.0001 이하의 라이너 볼 베어링(linear ball bearing)을 사용하며, 가압기의 수직 램에 부착하여 전단시험시 상부 전단상자, 로드셀, 구형시트의 전단이동을 가능하게 한다. The ball bearing 14 is installed to minimize the frictional force caused by the sliding in the shear direction when the horizontal force is applied by the shear actuator in the state in which the vertical force is applied by the pressing means, the friction coefficient of the liner ball bearing of 0.0001 or less (linear ball bearing) is used and attached to the vertical ram of pressurizer to enable shear movement of upper shear box, load cell and spherical sheet during shear test.
상기 구형시트(15)는 가압수단(13)에 의한 수직하중을 분산하여 절리면에 고르게 분포되도록 하는 것으로, 내부에 오목한 구형홈을 구비하고, 볼 베어링(14) 하부에 위치하도록 수직로드셀(16) 위에 설치되며, 상부 전단상자의 균등한 하중 분포를 보장하여 준다. The spherical sheet 15 is to distribute the vertical load by the pressing means 13 to be evenly distributed on the joint surface, having a concave spherical groove therein, the vertical load cell 16 to be located under the ball bearing 14 It is installed on top and ensures an even load distribution on the upper shear box.
상기 수직로드셀(16)은 가압수단(13)에 의해 가해지는 수직하중을 측정하는 것으로, 구형시트(15)와 상부 전단상자(11) 사이에 위치하도록 상부 전단상자 위에 설치된다. The vertical load cell 16 measures the vertical load applied by the pressing means 13 and is installed on the upper shear box so as to be located between the spherical sheet 15 and the upper shear box 11.
상기 전단 엑츄에이터(19)는 유압장치에 연결되어 상부 전단상자(11)에 수평력을 가하는 것으로, 제 1 지지대(18)에 의해 베이스 플레이트(17) 상부에 위치하고, 하부 전단상자(12)와 반력봉(20)에 의해 연결되어 있다. 즉, 상기 하부 전단상자(12)는 제 1,2 지지대(18,21) 사이에 위치한다. The shear actuator 19 is connected to the hydraulic device to apply a horizontal force to the upper shear box 11, is located on the base plate 17 by the first support 18, the lower shear box 12 and the reaction force rod It is connected by 20. That is, the lower shear box 12 is located between the first and second supports 18 and 21.
상기 전단로드셀(22)은 전단 엑츄에이터(19)에 의해 가해지는 수평력을 측정하는 것으로, 전단 엑츄에이터(19)의 램이 접촉되는 구형 시트(22a)와, 상기 구형시트(22a)에 연결되는 로드셀(22b)과, 상기 구형시트(22a)와 로드셀(22b)이 설치되고 반력봉(20)을 따라 이동되는 슬라이드 브래킷(22c)으로 구성되어 있다. The shear load cell 22 measures the horizontal force applied by the shear actuator 19, the spherical sheet 22a to which the ram of the shear actuator 19 is contacted, and the load cell connected to the spherical sheet 22a. 22b) and the said spherical sheet 22a and the load cell 22b are provided, and the slide bracket 22c which moves along the reaction force rod 20 is comprised.
상기 롤러베어링(23)은 전단 엑츄에이터(19)의 작동에 의해 반력봉(20)을 따라 이동되어 상부 전단상자(11)의 일측면에 접촉되는 것으로, 전단 엑츄에이터(19)에 의한 수평력 발생시 절리면을 따라 이동되는 상부 전단상자(11)의 수직변위를 용이하게 한다. The roller bearing 23 is moved along the reaction force rod 20 by the operation of the shear actuator 19 to be in contact with one side of the upper shear box 11, the joint surface when the horizontal force generated by the shear actuator 19 To facilitate the vertical displacement of the upper shear box (11) to be moved along.
상기와 같이 구성된 본 발명은 절리를 중심으로 상/하부로 나누어진 시료를 각각 상부 전단상자와 하부 전단상자에 넣어 몰딩/고정하고, 절리면에 수직한 방향으로 가압수단에 의해 일정한 하중을 가한 다음, 유압장치와 연결된 전단 엑츄에이터에 의해 상부 전단상자에 전단하중을 가하여 절리면이 미끌어질 때, 수직/전단 LVDT 및 수직/전단로드셀에 의해 수직하중, 수평하중, 수직변위, 전단변위 등을 측정하여 절리면의 마찰각, 수직강성, 전단강성 등을 측정한다.According to the present invention configured as described above, the samples divided into upper and lower centers of the joints are molded and fixed in the upper shear box and the lower shear box, respectively, and a constant load is applied by pressing means in a direction perpendicular to the joint surface. When shearing surface is slipped by applying shear load to upper shear box by shear actuator connected with hydraulic system, vertical load, horizontal load, vertical displacement, shear displacement, etc. are measured by vertical / shear LVDT and vertical / shear load cell. Measure the friction angle, vertical stiffness and shear stiffness.
본 발명은 상술한 특정의 바람직한 실시예에 한정되지 아니하며, 청구범위에서 청구하는 본 발명의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 당해 발명이 속하는 기술분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 누구든지 다양한 변형실시가 가능한 것은 물론이고, 그와 같은 변경은 청구범위 기록의 범위내에 있게 된다.The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific preferred embodiments, and various modifications can be made by any person having ordinary skill in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention claimed in the claims. Of course, such changes will fall within the scope of the claims record.
이와 같이 본 발명은 마찰계수 0.0001 이하의 라이너 볼 베어링(linear ball bearing)을 설치하여 수직하중을 받은 상태에서 상부 전단상자의 전단방향 이동시 수직하중을 가하는 칼럼과의 마찰을 최소화하였으며, 전단하중축과 상부 전단상자 사이에 롤러베어링을 설치하여 마찰로 인한 전단하중의 증가를 최소함으로써, 정밀도를 향상시켰다. As such, the present invention minimizes the friction between the column to which the vertical load is applied when the shearing direction of the upper shear box is moved in the state of receiving the vertical load by installing a linear ball bearing having a friction coefficient of 0.0001 or less. Roller bearings were placed between the upper shear boxes to minimize the increase in shear loads due to friction, thereby improving accuracy.
또한, 본 발명은 별도의 가압장치 없이 일반 시험용 가압기와 유압장치를 활용할 수 있으므로 장비의 호환성이 우수하고, 이로 인해 경제적 부담을 최소화할 수 있다. In addition, since the present invention can utilize a general test pressurizer and a hydraulic device without a separate pressurizing device, the compatibility of the equipment is excellent, thereby minimizing the economic burden.
또한, 몰딩처리에 의해 고정된 시료를 밑면 타격에 의해 용이하게 제거할 수 있으므로, 작업준비 및 마무리 시간이 단축되고 작업능률을 향상시킬 수 있는 등 많은 효과가 있다. In addition, since the sample fixed by the molding process can be easily removed by the bottom hitting, there are many effects, such as shortening the work preparation and finishing time and improving work efficiency.
도 1 은 본 발명에 따른 구성을 보인 예시도1 is an exemplary view showing a configuration according to the present invention
도 2 는 본 발명에 따른 상하부 전단상자의 단면예시도Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the upper and lower shear box according to the present invention
도 3 은 본 발명의 전체 구성을 보인 사진Figure 3 is a photograph showing the overall configuration of the present invention
도 4 는 본 발명의 상부 전단상자를 제외한 구성을 보인 사진Figure 4 is a photograph showing the configuration excluding the upper shear box of the present invention
* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명* Explanation of symbols for main parts of the drawings
(11) : 상부 전단상자 (12) : 하부 전단상자(11): Upper shear box (12): Lower shear box
(11a,12a): 캡 (11b,12b): 홀(11a, 12a): cap (11b, 12b): hole
(11c,12c): 플레이트 (13) : 가압수단(11c, 12c): Plate 13: pressing means
(14) : 볼 베어링 (15) : 구형시트(Spherical seat)(14): ball bearing (15): spherical seat
(16) : 수직로드셀 (17) : 베이스 플레이트(16): vertical load cell (17): base plate
(18) : 제 1 지지대 (19) : 전단 엑츄에이터(18): first support (19): shear actuator
(20) : 반력봉 (21) : 제 2 지지대20: reaction force rod 21: the second support
(22) : 전단로드셀 (22a) : 구형시트(Spherical seat)(22): shear load cell (22a): spherical seat
(22b) : 로드셀 (22c) : 슬라이드 브래킷22b: load cell 22c: slide bracket
(23) : 롤러베어링 (24) : 수직 LVDT(23): roller bearing 24: vertical LVDT
(25) : 전단 LVDT (26) : 시료(암석시편)(25): Shear LVDT (26): Sample (rock specimen)
(27) : 히드로-스톤(Hydro-stone)(27): Hydro-stone
Claims (3)
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| KR1020040028596A KR20050103350A (en) | 2004-04-26 | 2004-04-26 | Joint shear test system |
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| KR1020040028596A KR20050103350A (en) | 2004-04-26 | 2004-04-26 | Joint shear test system |
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