KR20050079929A - Apparatus for reducing waste volume with pressure-reducing means of saturated vapor and method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a waste reduction apparatus and a method for reducing a waste in a waste reduction apparatus for reducing waste contained therein, wherein the waste reduction apparatus is reduced in size in a small facility. The waste reduction apparatus of the present invention is a container for receiving non-metallic waste, a stirring means for stirring the waste in the container, a boiler for supplying steam to the container by supplying steam to the container, and the And decompression means for depressurizing the vapor discharged from the vessel. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a weight reduction device capable of reducing waste by a small facility and reducing the capacity burden of the deodorizer.

Description

Waste Reduction Device and Reduction Method with Saturated Steam Pressure Reduction Tank {APPARATUS FOR REDUCING WASTE VOLUME WITH PRESSURE-REDUCING MEANS OF SATURATED VAPOR AND METHOD THEREOF}

The present invention relates to a waste reduction apparatus and a reduction method for reducing wastes other than metals.

Conventionally, incineration is generally performed as a method of reducing waste. In recent years, it has become clear that a large amount of dioxins are generated when incineration is performed in the range of 400 to 800 ° C. Therefore, in the new incineration plant, a method of burning waste at a temperature of 800 ° C or more is employed.

However, in order to prevent the generation of dioxins, heating to a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher is an energy waste, and the labor and cost for facility investment and treatment increase. For this reason, there is a problem that only a large amount of waste is collected and disposed of in a large facility.

On the other hand, as an apparatus for heating to a temperature of 400 ° C. or less, there is an apparatus for adjusting the boiling ratio of a feed according to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-18689 (pages 2 to 6, FIG. 1). This device is said to be able to uniformly adjust feed ingredients by stirring while supplying heating steam into a container, and to reduce the labor burden of an operator.

Here, it is conceivable to reduce waste by using the above self-control device. However, using heated steam alone is insufficient to reform and reduce waste.

In addition, when the waste is reduced by using such heated steam, it is necessary to deodorize the heated steam emitted to the atmosphere. The treatment of high pressure heated steam requires a large capacity deodorizing plant, which increases the cost of the plant.

An object of the present invention is to provide a waste reduction device and a reduction method for reducing waste, while preventing the generation of dioxins in a small facility.

It is also an object of the present invention to provide a waste reduction apparatus and a reduction method that are effective for removing odor generated from a waste reduction apparatus.

In order to achieve the above technical problem, the present invention is a container for receiving a non-metal waste, installed in the container, agitating means for stirring the waste in the container, supplying steam to the container by supplying humidification and pressure to the container It provides a waste reduction apparatus comprising a pressure reducing means for reducing the boiler and the steam discharged from the vessel.

Preferably, the pressure reducing means in the device comprises at least two tanks and a discharge piping connecting the vessel and the at least two tanks. In addition, the at least two tanks may be connected in parallel to the vessel and may be designed to vary in capacity from one another.

In addition, the waste reduction apparatus further includes a base on which the container is installed, and the container and the stirring means are made of a chargeable material and may be installed to insulate the base.

In addition, the present invention to achieve the above technical problem, the step of receiving a non-metallic waste in the container, supplying a saturated steam of less than 300 ℃ to the container, while maintaining a constant pressure inside the container inside the container Agitating and reducing the waste, discharging saturated steam in the vessel to a first decompression tank to achieve pressure equilibrium between the vessel and the first decompression tank, and comparing saturated steam in the vessel to the first decompression tank. It provides a waste reduction method comprising the step of discharging to a second reduced pressure tank having a large volume and draining the condensed water of the first reduced pressure tank and the second reduced pressure tank.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 and 2 are diagrams schematically showing the waste reduction apparatus 100 of the present invention. Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the apparatus 100 includes stirring means 120 for generating static electricity by friction with the waste while stirring the container 110 containing the non-metallic waste and the waste in the container 110. ) And two boilers 130 for humidifying and pressurizing and supplying saturated water vapor in the container 110 on the base 140 and reducing the received waste. The device may be controlled by a console desk 170 separately installed.

The container 110 is made of metal such as stainless steel, has a pressure resistance performance of up to 8.0 MPa, and is formed in a horizontal tubular shape. Specifically, the center portion is formed in a cylindrical shape, and both side portions connected to the center portion are formed to gradually narrow toward each end portion. Reduction gears 112 are provided at both ends of the container 110, respectively, and the stirring means 120 is provided to penetrate the inside of the container 110 between the two reduction gears 112. The container 110 and the stirring means 120 are provided in the insulating state with respect to the base 140, for example through an insulating sheet.

The container 110 is provided with a waste opening 114 so that it can be opened and closed, and an outlet 116 for discharging the waste after the weight loss treatment is provided so that the waste opening can be opened and closed. Moreover, the steam supply port 114 for supplying saturated steam from the boiler 130 through the steam supply pipe 136 is provided in the side part of the container 110 so that opening and closing is possible.

The apparatus 100 also includes a steam supply line 136 and steam exhaust pipes 152, 154, and 156. The steam supplied from the boiler 130 to the vessel 110 through the steam supply pipe 136 is discharged from the steam exhaust pipes 152, 154, and 156. In addition, a safety valve ventilator (not shown) is installed in the container, and when the container 110 may be damaged due to a sudden pressure rise, the inside of the container 110 can be reduced in pressure.

The boiler 130 heats water supplied from the water tank 132 and supplies pressurized steam to the container 110. The water used in the present invention is preferably soft water treated and / or purely treated water. Soft water means the water which removed calcium ion and magnesium ion in water, and adjusted hardness to less than 0-60 mg / L, and pure water means the water from which the impurity containing a silica and hardness content was removed. When water without impurities is used in this way, impurities in water precipitate and scale in the pipe wall or heating tube of the container 110, so that the use of soft water and / or purely treated water is not suitable for scaling. This can prevent damage to the device.

3 is a front sectional view of the container. As shown in FIG. 3, a rotating shaft 122 is provided inside the container 110 so as to be rotatably supported by the reducer 112 at both ends. In the rotary shaft 122, four pairs of two support shafts 124 paired up and down and four pairs of two support shafts 124 paired left and right are alternately arranged in the axial direction, and in total 16 Each base of the two support shafts 124 is fixed. At the end of the support shaft 124, the central portions of the plate-shaped stirring blade 126 are respectively provided, and the support shaft 124 and the stirring blade 126 form an outer shape in a T-shape. The outer edge of the stirring blade 126 which adjoins the inner periphery of the container 110 is formed in circular arc shape, and prevents an edge from colliding. The inner circumference of the stirring blade 126 and the container 110 is preferably close to prevent the retention of waste, and is formed with a gap of, for example, about 5 mm.

The stirring blade 126 is arranged obliquely with respect to the axial direction of the support shaft 124, and when the support shaft 124 is rotated in one direction, to collect the waste in the container 110 in the center of the axial direction, Moreover, when rotating in the reverse direction, it arrange | positions so that the waste in the container 110 may be disperse | distributed to both sides of an axial direction, respectively.

The stirring means 120 is comprised by the rotating shaft 122, the support shaft 124, and the stirring blade 126, and each member is formed of an electrically conductive member, such as stainless steel, for example.

In addition, a drive shaft parallel to the rotary shaft 122 is provided above the container 110, and is connected to the reducer 112 which supports both ends of the rotary shaft 122, respectively, via a sprocket and a chain.

The weight loss mechanism made in the device of the present invention is as follows.

First, the steam generated in the boiler is a little condensation occurs due to the temperature drop in the container when it is introduced into the container, it appears as a small droplet. The generated droplets collide or rub against each other, thereby generating static electricity. In addition, the supplied saturated steam causes the internal air to be extracted, and steam also penetrates into the waste.

Static electricity accumulated in the droplets reaches the container through the waste or directly. Part of the static electricity flowing in the waste is locally generated, the temperature rises and is crushed. However, since the current does not flow continuously and is small as the amount of power, the temperature rise is small, and the average temperature in the container is lower than that of the saturated steam supplied. Since it does not rise above the temperature, dioxins are unlikely to occur. In addition, since saturated water vapor is filled in the container, even if sparks are generated by the flow of static electricity, it is prevented from being ignited with a combustible gas or the like and exploding.

Thus, by using the heat, pressure and static electricity of saturated steam, it has the effect of reducing waste.

On the other hand, when the weight reduction container and the stirring means are made of a chargeable material, the weight loss processing of the present invention can be promoted according to the following mechanism. When the weight reduction vessel and the stirring means are charged and provided in an insulated state with respect to the base, positive or negative charges (electrostatics) are accumulated in the waste, the container and the stirring means due to friction with the waste. On the other hand, the saturated steam heated and pressurized is supplied to the container, and since the saturated steam penetrates into the waste, the electrical resistance of the waste falls and the electricity is easily flowed.

Here, the charging property means that the electrical resistance is large and that the charged waste can be positively or negatively charged, and either positive or negative may be charged. In the container and stirring means of the present invention, it is preferable to use a metal such as stainless steel having a thickness and durability of a degree not to be damaged by discharge. In addition, although the container and the stirring means may be the same material, it is also possible to use another material.

For example, when positive charges accumulate in the waste, the container and the stirring means, and if a certain amount of negative charges accumulate in the waste, this charge flows through the inside of the waste and into the vessel and the stirring means. Since the waste is agitated, the amount of charge collection varies with each part, and the path and time through which the charge flows also differ. In addition, since saturated steam is filled in the container, the electrical resistance is not too high or the static electricity is not collected too much. Therefore, the static electricity is discharged little by little, and the waste is crushed while generating heat momentarily in the discharge path at the time of discharge. However, since discharge is not performed continuously, the waste does not become a high temperature, and the entire temperature in the container does not significantly increase at the set temperature by heating steam, and the waste is reduced while suppressing the generation of dioxin.

The apparatus of the present invention can also provide a conductive or insulating lining for adjusting the amount of static electricity on the inner wall of the container.

Charges generated and collected in the vessel flow to the inner circumferential surface of the vessel and to various places of the stirring means. Although the inside of a container is comprised so that a too big electric charge may not collect by saturated steam filled, discharge may concentrate in the specific place in a container, and in such a case, it can also be considered that a container is damaged. Therefore, by providing the conductive lining on part or all of the inner circumferential surface, it is possible to promote the transfer of charges from the waste to the container and to adjust the discharge location. On the contrary, when the amount of static electricity generated is small, an insulating lining is provided to increase the amount of static electricity generated, thereby facilitating the treatment.

It is also possible to provide a conductive or insulating lining for adjusting the amount of static electricity to the stirring means. As a stirring means, the rotating shaft and the stirring blade provided in the said rotating shaft can be used, for example. Conductive linings can be provided in the stirring means to suppress the amount of static electricity generated by friction, and insulating linings can be provided to increase the amount of static electricity generated.

If a power source for applying a predetermined voltage is provided between the stirring means and the container, discharge can be performed between the stirring means and the container through the waste.

The stirring means includes a rotating shaft rotatably supported in the container, a plurality of supporting shafts provided with a base on the rotating shaft and protruding in a radial direction, and provided at an end of the supporting shaft, together with the supporting shaft. By installing a plate-shaped stirring blade formed in a T-shape, it is possible to increase the protrusion and allow current to easily flow between the waste. In addition, by increasing the contact area between the waste remaining in the lower portion of the container and the stirring blade, it is possible to increase the amount of static electricity generated by the friction.

According to the waste reduction method of the present invention, wastes other than metals are contained in a container, the wastes are agitated by stirring means, steam is supplied into the container to be humidified and pressurized, and the wastes are reduced. The weight loss method is characterized in that the steam to be supplied is saturated steam of 300 ° C. or less.

By making steam supplied into a container 300 degrees C or less, generation | occurrence | production of dioxins during the weight loss process in a container is prevented. In addition, since saturated steam is supplied, small droplets are generated when the temperature is lowered in the container, and static electricity is generated when the droplets collide or rub, and the static electricity flows into the waste, thereby crushing the waste and reducing the weight. Is promoted.

What is necessary is just to operate the supply temperature of saturated steam to 300 degrees C or less to operate the temperature in a container below 300 degreeC. At this time, since the temperature rise by the discharge of static electricity is small, it is not necessary to consider it. Since the temperature in a container is 300 degrees C or less, generation | occurrence | production of a dioxin is surely suppressed.

When the conductive material or insulating material for adjusting the amount of static electricity generated in the waste is put into the container, the conductive material is introduced when the amount of static electricity generated in the waste is too high, and the insulating material is added when the amount of static electricity is too small. The amount of static electricity generated can be adjusted.

Hereinafter, the operation of the weight loss device 100 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

After injecting waste except metal from the inlet 114 of the container 110, the inlet 114 is closed and then the operation of the boiler 130 is started. The temperature and pressure of the generated saturated steam are adjusted so that the temperature in the vessel 110 is 200 to 300 ° C and the pressure is 1.4 to 5 MPa. The waste is preferably, for example, combustibles such as general combustible waste, fiber debris, waste paint, PET bottles, sewage sludge, and incineration ash, but it is also possible to treat incombustibles such as glass chips.

When the saturated water vapor heated and pressurized from the steam supply port 114 is supplied to the container 110, the saturated water vapor supplied into the container 110 penetrates into the waste and is replaced with a gas in the container, while Generate. Static electricity is generated by the collision and friction of the water droplets.

The waste is reduced by pressure decomposition and hydrolysis, and static electricity due to friction is generated by rotating the stirring means 120, and static electricity generated by the friction and static electricity gathered in floating water droplets flow inside the waste material. The weight loss process is further performed. The rotation speed of the stirring means 120 is about 3 to 7.5 revolutions / minute.

By operating 5 to 60 minutes in this state, the waste can be reduced by about 40%.

In addition, when the amount of static electricity generated is small, it is also possible to accelerate the weight loss process by injecting the insulating material which is likely to generate static electricity together with the waste to be reduced, and further, air discharge is generated by the generated static electricity, resulting in damage to the apparatus. In this case, conductive materials such as carbon powder can be added to suppress the generation of static electricity. In addition, when a material having insulating properties and absorbent properties, such as sawdust, is added, it is possible to remove unnecessary moisture in the waste to further increase the generation of static electricity, thereby facilitating treatment.

Referring back to Figure 2, the device of the present invention is characterized in that to reduce the steam discharged from the vessel (110). Decompression means is connected to the vessel. Steam discharged through the steam exhaust pipes 152 and 154 is transported to the first and second pressure reducing tanks 150 and 160. In the present invention, the first and second pressure reducing tanks reduce the vapor pressure in the vessel 110 by pressure equilibrium. As a result, condensed water due to condensation is generated in the first and second pressure reduction tanks 150 and 160. The condensate is discharged to the outside through separate discharge conduits 158 and 162. Due to the discharge of condensate, the apparatus of the present invention can greatly reduce the flow rate of steam supplied to the deodorizer. This allows the weight loss device of the present invention to reduce the deodorizer capacity.

The first and second pressure reducing tanks 150 and 160 may be designed with different capacities. For example, the first decompression tank 150 may be designed to have a volume equivalent to that of the vessel 110, and the second decompression tank 160 may be designed to have a very large volume compared to the vessel. have.

The decompression operation of the weight reduction device of the present invention in the case of taking such a configuration can be described as follows.

First, the steam discharged from the vessel is discharged primarily to the first decompression tank. This reduces the vapor pressure of the vessel by about half. For example, if the vapor pressure inside the first vessel 110 is 20 atm, the pressure after pressure equilibration decreases to about 10 atm. At this time, condensate is generated in the first pressure reducing tank due to the pressure reduction. At this time, after closing the valve S of the first pressure reducing tank and opening the valve S of the second pressure reducing tank, steam flows into the second pressure reducing tank. Since the capacity of the second decompression tank 160 is very large compared to the vessel 110, the pressure of the introduced steam is further reduced. Due to the reduced vapor pressure, a large amount of condensate is generated in the second decompression tank. Subsequently, when the discharge pipe 156 is opened between the first and second decompression tanks, the high pressure steam of the first decompression tank is introduced into the second decompression tank and depressurized, whereby additional condensate is generated. Condensate generated in the first and second pressure reducing tanks is discharged to the outside through separate discharge conduits 158 and 162.

The above described embodiments are merely illustrative of the embodiments of the present invention. Simple modifications and variations of the present invention can be readily used by those skilled in the art, and all such variations or modifications can be considered to be included within the scope of the present invention.

According to the present invention, the following effects are obtained.

(1) In the waste reduction apparatus of the present invention, the waste reduction apparatus including a container containing the waste, a stirring means, and a boiler and reducing the contained waste, the steam generated by the boiler is a saturated steam container. Since small droplets are generated in the droplets, and static electricity is generated in the droplets to flow into the waste and crush the waste, the waste is reduced by heat, pressure, and static electricity of saturated steam, and the waste is prevented from generating dioxin in a small facility. Weight loss processing can be performed.

(2) Another waste reduction apparatus of the present invention includes a vessel, stirring means for generating static electricity by friction while stirring waste in the vessel, and a boiler for supplying saturated steam in the vessel over the base to reduce waste. In the waste reduction apparatus, since the container and the stirring means are charged and provided in an insulated state with respect to the expectation, the waste, the container and the stirring means are easily charged and the static electricity flows to reduce the loss at low temperatures. It is possible to accelerate the waste reduction process while preventing the generation of dioxins in a small facility.

(3) If the inner wall of the container is provided with a conductive or insulating lining to adjust the amount of static electricity, the conductive lining is provided on a part or all of the inner circumferential surface to promote the transfer of charge from the waste to the container, and also to the discharge place. Can be adjusted. On the contrary, when the amount of static electricity generated is small, an insulating lining may be provided to increase the amount of static electricity generated to promote processing. In this manner, the amount of static electricity generated can be adjusted according to the nature of the waste, thereby enabling optimal treatment.

(4) When a conductive or insulating lining that adjusts the amount of static electricity is provided in the stirring means, by providing a conductive lining, the amount of static electricity generated by friction can be suppressed, and an insulating lining is provided to reduce the amount of static electricity generated. Since it can increase, the amount of static electricity generated is adjusted in accordance with the nature of the waste, so that the optimum treatment can be performed.

(5) When a power source that applies a predetermined voltage is connected between the stirring means and the container, discharge can be performed between the stirring means and the container with the waste interposed therebetween, thereby facilitating the weight loss process.

(6) A stirring means comprising: a rotating shaft rotatably supported in the container, a plurality of supporting shafts provided with a base on the rotating shaft and protruding in a radial direction, and a T-shape provided at the end of the supporting shaft. If the plate-shaped stirring blade formed is provided, the projections can be increased to make it easy to blur the current between the waste. In addition, by increasing the contact area between the waste remaining in the lower portion of the container and the stirring blade, it is possible to increase the amount of static electricity generated by the friction. In this way, the weight loss treatment can be promoted.

(7) In the waste reduction method of the present invention, since the steam to be supplied is saturated steam of 300 ° C. or less, dioxin is prevented from being generated during the reduction process in the container, and the waste is crushed by allowing static electricity to flow into the waste. The weight loss process can be promoted.

(8) When the conductive material or the insulating material is put into the container, the amount of static electricity generated in the waste can be adjusted by adding the conductive material, and when the amount of static electricity is too low, the insulating material can be adjusted to adjust the amount of static electricity generated. In addition, the weight loss process can be optimized.

(9) On the other hand, the weight loss processing apparatus of the present invention includes a decompression means composed of a plurality of decompression tanks in a vapor discharge path. Such a decompression tank may have the effect of reducing the capacity of the deodorizer in a subsequent deodorization process by condensing the vapor and discharging it into condensate.

1 is a view schematically showing a waste reduction apparatus of the present invention.

Figure 2 is a schematic block diagram for explaining the operation of the waste reduction apparatus of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a container constituting the waste reduction apparatus of the present invention.

<Description of Major Symbols in Drawing>

100: weight loss device 110: container

112: reducer 114: inlet

116: outlet 120: stirring means

122: rotating shaft 124: support shaft

126: stirring blade 130: boiler

132: water tank 134: pump

136: steam supply pipe 140: base

150: first pressure reducing tank 152, 154, 156: steam exhaust pipe

160: second pressure reduction tank 170: console desk

PS: pressure sensor TS: temperature sensor

R: Regulator

Claims (9)

A container containing non-metallic waste; Stirring means installed in the vessel, for stirring the waste in the vessel; A boiler for supplying steam to the vessel by supplying steam to the vessel; And And decompression means for decompressing the steam discharged from the vessel. The method of claim 1, The decompression means At least two tanks; And And a discharge pipe connecting said container and said at least two tanks. The method of claim 2, Said at least two tanks being connected in parallel to said vessel. The method of claim 3, Said at least two tanks having different capacities from each other. The method of claim 1, It further includes an expectation that the container is installed, The stirring means is composed of a chargeable material, characterized in that insulated against the base. The waste weight reducing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein an inner wall of the container is provided with a conductive or insulating lining for adjusting the amount of static electricity. The waste reduction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the stirring means is provided with a conductive or insulating lining for adjusting the amount of static electricity. The waste reduction apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a power source for applying a predetermined voltage between the stirring means and the container. Receiving non-metallic waste in a container; Supplying saturated steam of 300 ° C. or lower to the vessel; Stirring and reducing waste in the vessel while maintaining a constant pressure in the vessel; Discharging saturated steam in the vessel to a first decompression tank to achieve pressure equilibrium between the vessel and the first decompression tank; Discharging the saturated vapor in the vessel to a second decompression tank having a volume larger than that of the first decompression tank; And Draining the condensed water of the first pressure reducing tank and the second pressure reducing tank.