KR20050072579A - Method for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid filter for removal of smoke and harmful gas - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a multi-functional deodorizing composite filter having both a deodorizing function and a deodorizing effect at the same time, the daily polyurethane foam is introduced into the ion exchanger by using a graft copolymerization method to impart a chemical adsorption capacity, and then deposited thereon. By attaching a porous material having a large physical adsorption capacity by the method, it has a physical and chemical adsorption capacity simultaneously. At this time, the graft copolymerization is performed by a light irradiation method such as UV irradiation, after which the porous material is bonded with a binder after treatment with an impregnating reagent and dried at room temperature.

By using the multifunctional dehumidifying / deodorizing composite filter prepared according to the present invention, a high effect can be expected in removing harmful gases and odors contained in cigarette smoke and the like in an inexpensive and simple manner.

Description

Method for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid filter for removal of smoke and harmful gas

The present invention provides a method for producing a multifunctional deodorizing composite filter having both a smoke elimination function and a deodorizing effect, and a filter produced by the method.

Recently, the environmental pollution such as air pollution, water pollution, noise, vibration due to the development of industry and the increase of population is getting serious day by day, and it is very urgent to deal with it in order to preserve human health and ecosystem. In recent years, legislation such as designation of smoking cessation has been promoted due to the increase in smoke generation caused by the increase in smoking population, but since it is a favorite product, it is not possible to fundamentally eliminate complete smoke and deodorization.

Common cigarette smoke is a very complex substance consisting of hundreds of chemicals and is largely divided into VOCs, particles, and permanent gas. Among them, VOCs and particles are odor-inducing substances. Among them, VOCs dominate. These VOCs contain ammonia and various compounds in addition to BTX (benzene, toluene and xylene) materials.

Therefore, there is a limit in achieving their removal using a single adsorption system of physical adsorption or chemical adsorption. Therefore, a method of removing using two or more steps has been proposed. However, the method using a two-step or more process is complicated, so it is urgent to develop a technology for removing them as small and single filters.

The present invention is to produce a multi-functional deodorizing composite deodorizing filter, commercially available polyurethane foam graft copolymerization by UV irradiation, and then introduced the ion exchanger by functionalization reaction and then broken into a certain amount of binder and a certain size After impregnating the deposition solution containing the carbon black, activated carbon or charcoal is dried at room temperature to produce an organic-inorganic composite filter. In order to achieve this object, in the present invention, a graft copolymerization process by UV irradiation, a functionalization process, a process of crushing activated carbon or charcoal to a certain size and impregnating with phosphoric acid, potassium iodide (KI), and the like, impregnated activated carbon It consists of a process of bonding to a polyurethane ion exchange foam with a binder.

In order to achieve the object of the invention as described above, the present invention is impregnated with a polyurethane substrate in a solution containing a certain concentration of a vinyl monomer and a photoinitiator, and then synthesized a copolymer by UV irradiation, and ionization by a functionalization reaction Introduce the exchanger. A carbon material, such as activated carbon or charcoal, which has been shredded to a predetermined size in a polyurethane copolymer introduced with an ion exchanger is dried at 100 ° C. or more for 12hr or more to remove moisture and foreign matter, and then impregnated with an impregnated reagent such as phosphoric acid or potassium iodide. After drying, the mixture was stirred for 1 hour using a binder in a polyurethane ion exchange foam, and then dried at room temperature for 12 hours after bonding. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail according to each process.

In the present invention, a graft copolymerization process by UV irradiation, a functionalization process, a process of crushing and adhering activated carbon or charcoal to a certain size, and a process of bonding them to a polyurethane ion exchange foam as a binder, and a multifunctional smoke-repellent deodorizing composite Performance evaluation of the filter.

(1) copolymerization process

UV graft copolymerization is carried out under the conditions having the monomer composition ratio and the photoinitiator composition ratio of Table 1 below to impart chemical adsorption capacity to the multi-functional deodorizing and deodorizing composite filter. The graft copolymerization used liquid polymerization method in which a polyurethane was impregnated with a monomer and a photoinitiator, and a mixture of alcohol solvents such as methanol and ethanol was grafted.In this case, the average pore per inch (PPI: Pore PER Inch) 30 In the case of using ± 5, the amount of graft copolymer introduced was the maximum. Styrene, acrylonitrile, acrylic acid and glycidyl methacrylate were used for the vinyl monomers used in the graft copolymerization reaction. In addition, the UV irradiation intensity used was carried out at 100, 200, 300, 450 and 500 W, irradiation time was carried out over 1, 1.5 and 2 hours, respectively, and the reaction temperature was maintained while maintaining at 30 to 60 ℃.

After the reaction, the homopolymer and unreacted monomer were washed, and then the amount of graft copolymer introduced through the weight gain was calculated.

At this time, as the UV irradiation intensity increased, the amount of vinyl monomers introduced into the copolymer increased linearly, but the mechanical property of the polyurethane foam was remarkably decreased when using 500W UV irradiation intensity.

Table 1. Composition ratio of monomer and photoinitiator for monomer introduction into polyurethane copolymer

(2) functionalization process

In the case of styrene and glycidyl methacrylate, the sulfonation reaction and phosphorylation reaction are acrylated depending on the vinyl monomer in the copolymer introduced by the process of introducing a cation exchanger and an anion exchanger, respectively, depending on the material to be removed by chemical adsorption. In the case of ronitrile can be introduced into the amination reaction. In addition, when the vinyl monomers are mixed and introduced, the respective functional groups may be introduced through two or more functionalization reactions. In the case of sulfonation reaction, functionalization reaction is carried out using 1-5 wt% chloride sulfonic acid, phosphorylation reaction is 1-10 wt% phosphoric acid, and amination reaction is functionalization using 1-10 wt% hydroxylamine. Carry out the reaction.

(3) mixing process

In order to bind the activated carbon or charcoal with physical adsorption ability to the polyurethane foam containing polyurethane ion exchanger in order to give physical adsorption capacity to the multi-functional deodorizing / deodorizing composite filter, the silica water glass-based binder was used at a concentration of 10-20 vol%. 1 hour mixing is combined and dried at room temperature to introduce a binder that can bind activated carbon and charcoal pulverized.

(4) impregnation process

Activated carbon or charcoal grinding is added to 1-5 vol% phosphoric acid or potassium iodide solution and stirred for 1 to 3 hours to attach. After the impregnation reaction was filtered and the upper material was dried and impregnated to prepare a final smoke removal, deodorizing composite filter.

 Example

 400 W UV in 300 ml of methanol solution having 30 vol% glycidyl methacrylate containing 0.7 wt% of benzophenone, a photoinitiator, 100 g of polyurethane foam having an average pore per inch (PPI: Pore PER Inch) of 30 ± 5 Irradiation with a lamp for 2 hours to synthesize a graft copolymer. The temperature during the synthesis was maintained at 50 ° C. The grafted polyurethane foam was washed in a sufficient amount of hexane solvent to remove homopolymers and unreacted monomers. The amount of the graft polymer produced was found to be 27 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the total polyurethane foam.

 The graft polyurethane foam was introduced into the graft polyurethane foam in a conventional manner using sulfonic acid chloride. The resulting sulfonic acid group was confirmed by IR. The functionalized polyurethane foam was immersed in a solution of 15% by volume of silica water glass for 1 hour and then dried at room temperature. The dried polyurethane foam showed a slightly sticky phenomenon. The polyurethane foam was again immersed in an aqueous solution of 3% by volume of potassium iodide for 2 hours, and then combined with filtered and dried soluble carbon to prepare a deodorizing and deodorizing composite filter.

After the composite filter prepared above was filled with a length of 1 cm at the outlet of a 10 L container filled with tobacco smoke, the smoke in the container was blown and passed through the filter. As a result, cigarette smoke was completely disappeared and was not observed, and there was no smell of air passing through.

Multi-functional dehumidification and deodorization composite filter according to the present invention by the simple method to enable the chemical adsorption and physical adsorption at the same time can not only miniaturize the device for the purpose of deodorization and deodorization but also can reduce the process cost have. In addition, the multi-functional dehumidification / deodorization composite filter manufactured according to the present invention has low development cost, and in the case of waste generated after use, it may also cause an effect of reducing waste disposal cost by re-depositing the ion exchanger and re-depositing activated carbon or charcoal. have.

Claims (7)

(A) reacting the polyurethane foam with a vinyl monomer using UV to prepare a grafted polyurethane foam; (B) washing in hexane to remove homopolymers and unreacted monomers produced by side reaction in the graft polyurethane foam prepared in step (A); (C) functionalizing by introducing a cation exchange group or an anion exchange group to the graft polyurethane; (D) adding activated carbon or charcoal pulverized product to phosphoric acid or potassium iodide solution, stirring for 1 to 3 hours, adhering and drying the mixture; (E) bonding the functionalized graft polyurethane foam of step (C) and the cohesive activated carbon or charcoal prepared in step (D) to be present in a binder; Multifunctional smoke removal and deodorizing composite filter manufacturing method having a. The method of claim 1, In the case of the carbon material used in the production of the multi-functional deodorizing and deodorizing composite filter, activated carbon or charcoal is added to 1 to 5 vol% phosphoric acid or potassium iodide solution without impairing the existing pores, and is produced by impregnation. The method of claim 2, The binder component is prepared by bonding the impregnated charcoal to a polyurethane ion exchange foam without impairing its original function using a silica water glass-based binder. The method of claim 3, wherein The silica water glass-based binder as a binder component is a solution having a concentration of 10 to 20% by weight, and is produced by bonding the impregnated charcoal to the polyurethane ion exchange foam without impairing its original function. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, A process for producing a production temperature at a temperature range of 30 to 60 ° C., which does not lose the function of the ion exchange foam, during the production of the multifunctional dehumidifying / deodorizing composite filter. A multifunctional dehumidifying / deodorizing composite filter manufactured by the manufacturing method of any one of claims 1 to 4. A multifunctional dehumidifying and deodorizing composite filter manufactured by the manufacturing method of claim 5.