KR20050070397A - Cam rate - Google Patents

Cam rate Download PDF

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Publication number
KR20050070397A
KR20050070397A KR1020030099874A KR20030099874A KR20050070397A KR 20050070397 A KR20050070397 A KR 20050070397A KR 1020030099874 A KR1020030099874 A KR 1020030099874A KR 20030099874 A KR20030099874 A KR 20030099874A KR 20050070397 A KR20050070397 A KR 20050070397A
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South Korea
Prior art keywords
cam
change rate
injector
fuel
diesel engine
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KR1020030099874A
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Korean (ko)
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최권형
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현대자동차주식회사
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Priority to KR1020030099874A priority Critical patent/KR20050070397A/en
Publication of KR20050070397A publication Critical patent/KR20050070397A/en

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M45/00Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship
    • F02M45/02Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts
    • F02M45/04Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by having a cyclic delivery of specific time/pressure or time/quantity relationship with each cyclic delivery being separated into two or more parts with a small initial part, e.g. initial part for partial load and initial and main part for full load
    • F02M45/08Injectors peculiar thereto
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02MSUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/16Details not provided for in, or of interest apart from, the apparatus of groups F02M61/02 - F02M61/14

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 디젤엔진의 인젝터 캠 설계를 위한 캠 변화율에 관한 것으로서, 특히 인젝터를 눌러주는 캠의 변화율을 진각영역에서는 크게하고, 지각영역으로 갈 수록 감소되도록 설계 하므로서, 디젤엔진의 연비를 향상시키면서 PM의 발생량을 줄여주고, 저속 구동시의 스모크 발생량을 현저히 감소시킬 수 있도록 한 디젤엔진의 인젝터 캠 설계를 위한 캠 변화율에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a cam change rate for the design of the injector cam of a diesel engine, and in particular, to increase the change rate of the cam for pressing the injector in the advance zone, and to decrease toward the perceptual zone, while improving the fuel efficiency of the diesel engine PM The cam change rate for the design of the injector cam of a diesel engine can be reduced and the amount of smoke generated at low speed can be significantly reduced.

Description

디젤엔진의 인젝터 캠 설계를 위한 캠 변화율{Cam rate}Cam rate for injector cam design of diesel engine

본 발명은 디젤엔진의 인젝터 캠 설계를 위한 캠 변화율에 관한 것으로서, 특히 인젝터를 눌러주는 캠의 변화율을 진각영역에서는 크게하고, 지각영역으로 갈 수록 감소되도록 설계 하므로서, 디젤엔진의 연비를 향상시키면서 PM의 발생량을 줄여주고, 저속 구동시의 스모크 발생량을 현저히 감소시킬 수 있도록 한 디젤엔진의 인젝터 캠 설계를 위한 캠 변화율에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a cam change rate for the design of the injector cam of a diesel engine, and in particular, to increase the change rate of the cam for pressing the injector in the advance zone, and to decrease toward the perceptual zone, while improving the fuel efficiency of the diesel engine PM The cam change rate for the design of the injector cam of a diesel engine can be reduced and the amount of smoke generated at low speed can be significantly reduced.

일반적으로 전자식 디젤엔진에는 연료압축을 위한 플런저와, 분사시기와 분사량 조절을 위한 솔레노이드밸브, 그리고 분사노즐이 하나의 유닛으로 이루어져있는 도 2 에 도시된 바와같은 인젝터(EUI: Electronic Unit Injector)가 제공되고 있다.In general, an electronic diesel engine is provided with a plunger for fuel compression, a solenoid valve for controlling injection timing and injection amount, and an injector (EUI) as shown in FIG. It is becoming.

상기와같은 인젝터(EUI)가 적용된 연료분사시스템에 있어서 연료펌프는 연료를 적정한 압력(4~5bar)을 유지시켜 인젝터로 이송시켜주는 역할을 할 뿐이며, 실제 압축은 인젝터 상측에 장착되어 있는 인젝터 캠(2)이 인젝터를 직접 눌러줌으로써 이루어지게된다.In the fuel injection system to which the above injector (EUI) is applied, the fuel pump only serves to transfer the fuel to the injector by maintaining the proper pressure (4-5 bar), and the actual compression is the injector cam mounted on the injector. (2) This is done by pressing the injector directly.

EUI 연료 분사 시스템은 인젝터를 직접 눌러주는 방식이기 때문에 인젝터를 눌러주는 인젝터 캠의 형상을 어떻게 제작하느냐에 따라 엔진의 성능 및 배기가스 배출량에 큰 영향을 끼치게된다.Since the EUI fuel injection system directly presses the injector, the shape of the injector cam that presses the injector will have a big impact on the engine's performance and emissions.

특히 인젝터 캠의 변화율(캠의 프로파일을 크랭크 앵글로 미분한 것)이 중요한 설계변수가 되고 있으며, 이 캠 변화율이 커질수록 연료분사압이 높아지기 때문이다.In particular, the rate of change of the injector cam (differentiating the cam profile to the crank angle) becomes an important design variable, and the higher the rate of change of the cam, the higher the fuel injection pressure.

도 3 의 (a)는 종래 캠(2)의 프로파일을 나타내며, 이 캠 프로파일을 크랭크 앵글로 미분한 것이 도 3 의 (b)와같은 캠 변화율이다.Fig. 3 (a) shows the profile of the conventional cam 2, and the cam change rate as shown in Fig. 3 (b) is the derivative of the cam profile by the crank angle.

종래 캠(2)의 캠변화율을 보면 분사시기에 관계없이 분사압이 일정하게 유지되는 콘스탄트 캠 변화율을 갖고 있다.The cam change rate of the conventional cam 2 has a constant cam change rate in which the injection pressure is kept constant regardless of the injection timing.

일반적으로 캠의 변화율을 증가시키면 연료분사압이 높아지므로 연료의 무화 및 침투특성이 좋아져 연비가 개선되고, 스모크 및 PM(매연입자)의 발생량 또한 줄어들게되는 장점이 있다.In general, increasing the rate of change of the cam increases the fuel injection pressure, so that the atomization and penetration characteristics of the fuel are improved, fuel economy is improved, and the amount of smoke and PM (soot particles) is also reduced.

그러나, 종래의 캠 변화율을 캠에 적용하게되면, 캠 변화율이 일정하기 때문에 연료분사압이 높아지게 설정하게되면 연료의 무화 및 침투 특성이 좋아져 연비가 좋아지고 스모크 및 PM 또한 저하되는 장점을 갖게되지만 NOx/PM Trade-off로 NOx가 증가하므로 Emission 만족을 위해 분사시기를 지각하고 나면 오히려 큰 캠 변화율이 오히려 불리해지게되는 것이며, 이로인해 규제를 받지않는 엔진속도 구간(특히 1200rpm이하 저속)에서는 당연히 큰 캠 변화율이 유리함에도 불구하고 전체적으로 낮은 캠 변화율을 적용해야만 하는 문제점이 있었다.However, if the cam change rate is applied to the cam, the cam change rate is constant. Therefore, if the fuel injection pressure is set to be high, the atomization and penetration characteristics of the fuel are improved, resulting in improved fuel economy and reduced smoke and PM. As the NOx increases due to / PM trade-off, the large cam change rate becomes rather disadvantageous after the injection timing is delayed to satisfy the emission, which is why the engine speed range (especially low speed less than 1200rpm) is not required. Although the cam change rate is advantageous, there is a problem that a low cam change rate must be applied as a whole.

여기서 연료분사압 0.38mm/deg(A)과 0.42mm/deg(B)의 연비관계를 도 4 의 (a)(b)로서 비교해보면,Here, comparing the fuel efficiency of fuel injection pressure 0.38mm / deg (A) and 0.42mm / deg (B) as (a) (b) of FIG.

도 4 의 (a)와같이 연료분사시기를 기준으로 연비와 연료분사압의 관계를 살펴보면, 연료 분사시기에 관계없이 압력이 높은 타입(B)이 연비가 좋음을 알 수 있다. 하지만 분사압이 증가함에 따라 NOx의 발생량이 증가하게되므로 도 4 의 (b)와 같이 NOx의 발생량을 기준으로 연료압과 연비의 관계를 살펴보면, NOx발생량 5.0g/kwh 기준으로 이전의 분사시기에서는 연료압이 낮은 타입(A)이 유리하고, 이후에는 연료압이 높은 타입(B)이 유리함을 알 수 있다.Looking at the relationship between fuel economy and fuel injection pressure on the basis of the fuel injection time, as shown in Figure 4 (a), it can be seen that the type (B) with a high pressure, fuel economy is good regardless of the fuel injection time. However, as the injection pressure increases, the amount of generation of NOx increases, so as to look at the relationship between the fuel pressure and fuel economy based on the amount of generation of NOx as shown in (b) of FIG. 4, in the previous injection timing on the basis of NOx generation 5.0g / kwh It can be seen that the type A having a low fuel pressure is advantageous, and the type B having a high fuel pressure is advantageous after that.

현재 EURO 3 규제를 만족시키기 위해서는 연료압이 낮은 타입(A)을 선택할 수 밖에 없고, 따라서, 분사시기를 지각하지 않아도 되는 영역(1200rpm이상 저속, 1900rpm 이상 고속, 1200~1800rpm이면서 25% 이하의 부하)에서 연비 및 PM이 상대적으로 악화되는 문제점이 발생하게된다.Currently, in order to satisfy the EURO 3 regulations, the fuel pressure type (A) must be selected. Therefore, the area where the injection timing is not required (lower than 1200rpm, high speed over 1900rpm, 1200 ~ 1800rpm, and less than 25% load) ), The fuel economy and PM are relatively deteriorated.

이와같은 이유로 종래의 캠 변화율을 적용할때 높은 캠 변화율을 적용하지 못하고 낮은 캠 변화율을 적용하게되므로서 연비가 악화되는 문제점이 발생하는 것이다.For this reason, when a conventional cam change rate is applied, a high cam change rate is not applied, but a low cam change rate is applied, thereby causing a problem of deterioration of fuel efficiency.

따라서, 상기 문제점을 해결하기 위한 본 발명은 인젝터를 눌러주는 캠의 변화율을 진각영역에서는 크게하고, 지각영역으로 갈 수록 감소되도록 설계 하므로서, 디젤엔진의 연비를 향상시키면서 PM의 발생량을 줄여주고, 저속 구동시의 스모크 발생량을 현저히 감소시킬 수 있도록 한 디젤엔진의 인젝터 캠 설계를 위한 캠 변화율을 제공함을 목적으로 한다.Therefore, the present invention for solving the above problems is designed to increase the rate of change of the cam pressing the injector in the progressive region, and to decrease as the perception region, reducing the amount of PM generated while improving the fuel efficiency of the diesel engine, It is an object of the present invention to provide a cam change rate for the design of an injector cam of a diesel engine that can significantly reduce the amount of smoke generated during operation.

상기 목적달성을 위한 본 발명은,The present invention for achieving the above object,

인젝터를 눌러주는 인젝터 캠의 캠 변화율 설계에 있어서,In the cam change rate design of the injector cam that presses the injector,

캠 변화율을 진각영역에서는 크게하고, 지각영역으로 갈수록 감소되도록 한 것을 특징으로 한다.It is characterized in that the cam change rate is increased in the progressive region, and decreased to the perceptual region.

이하, 첨부된 도면 도 1 을 참조하여 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예를 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

상기 도면에 의하면, 본 발명의 가장 큰 특징은 캠 변화율을 진각영역에서는 크게하고, 지각영역으로 갈 수록 감소되도록 한 것이다.According to the drawings, the biggest feature of the present invention is to increase the cam change rate in the progressive region, and to decrease toward the perceptual region.

즉, 주 사용영역인 1200~1800rpm에서는 분사시기를 BTDC10°~ATDC5°정도를 사용하게되고, 저속영역을 비롯한 그 이외의 rpm에서는 BTDC 10°이상을 쓰게되는데, 본 발명에 의하면, 주사용영역의 분사시기인 BTDC10°~ATDC5°에서는 캠 변화율이 연료분사압 0.38mm/deg을 갖는 캠의 변화율과 유사하고, BTDC 10°이상에서는 캠 변화율이 더 커짐을 알 수 있다.That is, in the 1200-1800 rpm, which is the main use area, the injection timing is about BTDC 10 ° to ATDC 5 °, and at other rpms including the low speed area, BTDC 10 ° or more is used. According to the present invention, In the injection timing of BTDC10 ° to ATDC5 °, the cam change rate is similar to that of the cam with fuel injection pressure of 0.38 mm / deg, and the cam change rate is larger than BTDC 10 °.

따라서, 규제 구간인 주 사용영역에서는 캠 변화율이 연료분사압 0.38mm/deg을 갖는 캠의 변화율과 유사하여 동일한 성능 및 EM을 나타내게되고, BTDC 10°이상의 분사 시기를 사용하는 저속 및 고속구간, 그리고 EURO3법규 규제를 받지않는 저부하 구간에서는 캠 변화율이 높아져 연료분사압의 상승을 꾀하여 연비 및 PM 성능을 개선시킬 수 있게되는 것이다. Therefore, in the main use area, which is a regulated section, the cam change rate is similar to the change rate of the cam with fuel injection pressure of 0.38 mm / deg, which shows the same performance and EM, and the low and high speed sections using the injection timing of BTDC 10 ° or more, and In the low load section, which is not regulated by the EURO 3 regulations, the cam change rate is increased to improve fuel injection pressure, thereby improving fuel efficiency and PM performance.

이상에서 설명한 바와같이 본 발명은 인젝터를 눌러주는 캠의 변화율을 진각영역에서는 크게하고, 지각영역으로 갈 수록 감소되도록 설계 하므로서, 디젤엔진의 연비를 향상시키면서 PM의 발생량을 줄여주고, 저속 구동시의 스모크 발생량을 현저히 감소시킬 수 있도록 한 디젤엔진의 인젝터 캠 설계를 위한 캠 변화율을 제공하는 효과를 기대할 수 있다.As described above, the present invention is designed to increase the rate of change of the cam that presses the injector in the progressive region, and to decrease it toward the perceptual region, thereby reducing the amount of PM generated while improving the fuel efficiency of the diesel engine, The effect of providing a cam change rate for the injector cam design of a diesel engine can be expected to significantly reduce the amount of smoke generated.

도 1 은 본 발명에 의한 캠 변화율을 보인 그래프.1 is a graph showing a cam change rate according to the present invention.

도 2 는 일반적인 디젤엔진의 인젝터와 캠의 설치상태를 보인 도면.2 is a view showing the installation state of the injector and cam of a general diesel engine.

도 3 의 (a)는 종래 캠의 프로파일을 보인 그래프.Figure 3 (a) is a graph showing the profile of a conventional cam.

도 3 의 (b)는 종래의 캠 변화율을 보인 그래프.Figure 3 (b) is a graph showing a conventional cam change rate.

도 4 의 (a)는 연료분사시기를 기준으로 한 연료분사압과 연비의 관계를 보인 그래프.Figure 4 (a) is a graph showing the relationship between fuel injection pressure and fuel economy based on the fuel injection timing.

도 4 의 (b)는 NOx발생량을 기준으로 한 연료분사압과 연비의 관계를 보인 그래프.Figure 4 (b) is a graph showing the relationship between fuel injection pressure and fuel economy based on the amount of NOx generated.

※ 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명※ Explanation of code for main part of drawing

1 : 인젝터 2 : 캠1: injector 2: cam

Claims (1)

인젝터를 눌러주는 인젝터 캠의 캠 변화율 설계에 있어서,In the cam change rate design of the injector cam that presses the injector, 캠 변화율을 진각영역에서는 크게하고, 지각영역으로 갈수록 감소되도록 한 것을 특징으로 하는 디젤엔진의 인젝터 캠 설계를 위한 캠 변화율.Cam change rate for the injector cam design of a diesel engine, characterized in that the cam change rate is increased in the advance zone, and reduced to the perception zone.
KR1020030099874A 2003-12-30 2003-12-30 Cam rate KR20050070397A (en)

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