KR20050058007A - Apparatus and method for improve of stability on vehicle by using dedicated short range communication - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is to provide an apparatus and method for improving stability of a vehicle using a short-range dedicated wireless communication system, the control unit for controlling the operation of the terminal; A wireless communication unit configured to perform wireless communication through first and second antennas under the control of the controller; A first antenna connected to the wireless communication unit and used for a service using a DSRC; By including a second antenna connected to the wireless communication unit used for communication between terminals, by implementing the inter-vehicle communication function to the DSRC terminal attached to the vehicle to improve the stability of the vehicle and reduce the dependency on the roadside base station It will be possible.

Description

Apparatus and method for improve of stability on vehicle by using dedicated short range communication}

The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for improving stability of a vehicle using a dedicated short range communication (DSRC) system, and particularly, to improve the stability of a vehicle by implementing an inter-vehicle communication function in a DSRC terminal attached to the vehicle. The present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for improving vehicle stability using a short-range wireless communication system adapted to reduce the dependency on a roadside base station.

In general, DSRC is also called radio frequency identification (RFID). RFID is a technology that incorporates the use of electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling within the radio frequencies of the electromagnetic spectrum to identify objects, animals or humans. RFID is increasingly being used in the industry as a technology to replace barcodes. The advantage of RFID is that there is no need for direct contact or scanning over the visible band.

This RFID system consists of three components: an antenna, a transceiver (often integrated in a reader), and a tag, also called a transponder. The antenna uses radio frequency propagation to carry a signal to activate the transponder. When the transponder is activated, the transponder transmits the data it has to the antenna.

Low frequency RFID systems (30 KHz to 500 KHz) are used in short transmission areas of about 1.8 m or less, while high frequency RFID systems (850 MHz to 950 MHz and 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz) provide long distance transmission capability of 27 m or more. .

1 is a block diagram of a general dedicated near field communication (DSRC) system.

Here, reference numeral 1 is a traffic information center, 2 is an ITS service area server providing an intelligent transport system (ITS) service, and 3 is a traffic information center (1) and an ITS service area server (2). 4 is an Ethernet TCP / IP (Transmission Control Protocol / Internet Protocol), and 5 is a hub connected to the traffic information center 1 and the ITS service area server 2 through the Ethernet TCP / IP. (Hub), 6 is a DSRC roadside base station connected to the hub 5, 7 is a general vehicle.

Thus, the DSRC roadside base station 6 refers to a base station installed on the road, especially for an intelligent transport system (ITS). The roadside base station for ITS 6 uses a frequency in the 5.86 GHz band to drive the vehicle within the cell radius of the base station. When the approach (7) approaches, the on-board terminal mounted on the vehicle (7) and performs the function of collecting and providing traffic information through wireless communication using the DSRC protocol.

2 is a block diagram showing the overall data flow between a communication system and an application in a general short-range dedicated wireless communication system.

Thus, short-range wireless communication can meet the communication requirements for TICS (Transport Information and Control System) applications. The necessity of a narrow service area and real-time application requires a structure of a reduced protocol stack composed of an application layer, a data link layer, and a physical layer. Such a structure is very common in a real time environment. The DSRC protocol stack is set according to the master-slave principle. The roadside base station presides over all communications. The DSRC standard allows standards-compliant communications systems to simultaneously deliver multiple Intelligent Transport System (ITS) applications.

The physical layer describes the physical layer specification of short-range dedicated communication system using 5.8 GHz microwave for intelligent transportation system and consists of the requirements of Open System Interconnection (OSI) Layer 1. This International Standard does not prescribe the procedures or conditions for the measurement of relevant parameter values. Measurement instructions are treated as separate items.

This layer provides interoperability for multiple access between on-vehicle and roadside systems. This standard aims at high speed data communication in a wide range of communication areas, and the connection method with freely running vehicles uses time division multiple access (TDMA), which uses time-division bands.

The data link layer describes the standard of the data link layer of a short-range dedicated communication system, and the roadside device allocates a communication medium to on-vehicle devices passing through its communication area. Has a structure that enables communication.

The application layer describes services and structures provided by the application layer of a short-range dedicated communication system, and defines an application service element (ASE). This element specification consists of activities related to Application Protocol Data Units (APDUs), Application Service Data Units (ASDUs) and ASDUs. Sending / receiving of an ASDU is performed by calling service primitives (SPs).

This application layer structure enables the application function of the ITS terminal device to select an appropriate scope element for simultaneously performing a plurality of services, from simple to complex services.

Thus, FIG. 2 shows a wide range of data flows between a short-range dedicated communication system and an application system and is applied to an application layer of a short-range dedicated communication system.

The purpose of this application layer is to provide communication technology for application systems. The basic scope of application is to use the tools provided by the application layer. These techniques consist of elements that can be used by the application process. This approach allows for reuse of application processes even in different communication environments, i.e. when using different means of communication.

3 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method between a terminal of a vehicle and a roadside base station using a conventional short-range wireless communication system.

As shown therein, when the terminal of the vehicle enters the wireless communication area, a step of generating a random ID of its own to request access to the roadside base station 6 (ST1); The base station 6 receiving the connection request determines whether the service required by the vehicle and the service that the roadside base station 6 can provide match (ST2); If the service required by the vehicle and the service provided by the roadside base station 6 match, step S3 of providing the matching service to the terminal of the vehicle is performed.

Thus, when the terminal of the vehicle enters the wireless communication zone, first, its ID is randomly generated.

The roadside base station 6 is then requested to connect.

Then, the connected roadside base station 6 provides the service to the terminal of the vehicle when the service required by the vehicle and the service that can be provided by the roadside base station 6 that have received the connection request match.

However, this conventional technology has the following problems.

In other words, even in the position between the vehicle and the simple information processing, such as the terminal of the vehicle must always communicate with the roadside base station requires a lot of installation cost and network cost of the roadside base station.

Therefore, the existing DSRC wireless system method is required to be inefficient and costly even for data transmission services between simple terminals, not a network system such as traffic collection information or ETCS (Electronic Toll Collection System) and highly processed information. There was this.

Accordingly, the present invention has been proposed to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to implement a vehicle-to-vehicle communication function in a DSRC terminal attached to a vehicle to improve the stability of the vehicle and depend on the roadside base station. The present invention provides an apparatus and method for improving stability of a vehicle using a short-range dedicated wireless communication system that can be reduced.

In order to achieve the above object, an apparatus for improving stability of a vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention,

A control unit controlling an operation of the terminal; A wireless communication unit configured to perform wireless communication through first and second antennas under the control of the controller; A first antenna connected to the wireless communication unit and used for a service using a DSRC; It is characterized in that it comprises a second antenna connected to the wireless communication unit and used for communication between terminals.

In order to achieve the above object, a method of improving stability of a vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention,

A first step of determining a service to be performed by comparing a state of a vehicle when receiving a radio wave of another vehicle through communication with the other vehicle; When the service is determined in the first step, the technical configuration includes performing a second step of performing the service by communication with another vehicle.

Hereinafter, an embodiment according to the present invention, an apparatus for improving stability of a vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system, and a method thereof according to the spirit of the present invention will be described.

4 is a block diagram of an apparatus for improving stability of a vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system according to the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a miniMDS used in the present invention.

As shown therein, the controller 10 controls the operation of the terminal; A wireless communication unit 20 under the control of the control unit 10 and performing wireless communication through the first and second antennas 30 and 40; A first antenna 30 connected to the wireless communication unit 20 and used for a service using a DSRC; It is configured to include a second antenna 40 connected to the wireless communication unit 20 and used for communication between terminals.

The controller 10 may perform communication with a terminal of another vehicle through the second antenna 40 by using a mini message data slot (miniMDS) having information including whether the terminal exists. To control.

The miniMDS includes a VID (Vehicle ID) indicating a unique number of a vehicle, a Service Code (SC) indicating which service is available, a Message indicating a data content, and a C / L (Continuous / Response) indicating a continuation / finish. ), Including

In the above, C / L means that if the value is a constant value (for example, '0' (Continuous)), the indication that the data is not received anymore and the data to be transmitted are the last. (E.g., '1' (Last)), it means that the indication of receiving the continuation and the data to be transmitted are also present in the next slot.

In the above, the miniMDS consists of a 2-bit VID, a 1-bit SC, a 30-bit Message, and a 1-bit C / L.

6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for improving stability of a vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system according to the present invention.

As shown in the drawing, when receiving radio waves of another vehicle through communication with other vehicles, a first step (ST11 to ST13) comparing the state of the own vehicle and determining which service to perform; When the service is determined in the first step, the service includes a second step ST14 to ST16 that performs the service by communicating with another vehicle.

In the above-described first steps ST11 to ST13, when communicating with another vehicle, the miniMDS having information including the existence of the terminal itself is performed.

In the first step, the miniMDS includes a VID (Vehicle ID) indicating a unique number of a vehicle, a Service Code (SC) indicating which service is available, a Message indicating a data content, and a C / L indicating a continuation / finish ( Consists of Continuous / Response).

In the second step ST14 to ST16, if the service is a vehicle speed control service, the speed of the vehicle may be adjusted by calculating the speed of the vehicle and the distance between the vehicles (ST14).

In the above-described second step ST14 to ST16, if the service is a freight transport service, the parking and passing facts are recorded when the car parks or passes by the unique ID of the vehicle in the data contents of the miniMDS received from the vehicle. .

In the above-described second steps ST14 to ST16, if the service is a data exchange service with another vehicle, the second stage ST14 randomly performs data exchange with a terminal of another vehicle and continues to perform a stop request by the C / L byte. do.

An apparatus for improving stability of a vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system according to the present invention configured as described above and an operation of the method will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

First, the present invention is to improve the stability of the vehicle by reducing the dependence on the roadside base station by implementing the inter-vehicle communication function in the DSRC terminal attached to the vehicle.

Therefore, since the communication between terminals is not defined physically in the existing DSRC protocol, and it is difficult to predict when and how the service between the fire station base station 6 and the terminal occurs, the frequency for performing the service using the existing DSRC And the first antenna 30 is maintained as it is, and the frequency and the second antenna 40 for performing communication between the terminals are set apart as shown in FIG.

In addition, the communication protocol is modified to add a wireless transmission / reception rule for short-range vehicle communication.

Through the second antenna 40, the terminal newly defines a miniMDS channel having its own presence and simple contents, and transmits and receives a miniMDS slot.

This exchange of information allows the vehicle to determine whether there is a presence and to exchange simple information with each other.

At this time, since the terminal on the DSRC protocol cannot transmit the FCMS (Frame Control Message Slot), there is a risk that the terminals of both vehicles can simultaneously transmit the miniMDS slot. That is, since it is virtually impossible to predetermine when to transmit or receive a miniMDS slot, a miniMDS slot having a shorter time than a conventional DSRC is determined to reduce the risk of simultaneous transmission.

This operation of the present invention will be described in more detail.

Basically, the inter-vehicle terminal interworking aims to transmit the traffic information data collected in the past from the presence of my car and other vehicles, rather than the complicated high-level service. For this reason, one-to-one communication, not one-to-many communication, should be the basic concept.

Therefore, it is possible to determine the presence of the vehicle within several tens of meters through the angle of the antenna, so that it is linked with the navigation system of the vehicle to control the speed of the vehicle by using the speed data of the vehicle and the presence or absence of the data of the nearby vehicle. And alerts.

In addition, when the cars are running at close distances through the short distance, information or messages owned by the vehicle are transferred to the rear vehicle and the front vehicle.

7 is an exemplary view illustrating a communication state between vehicles to which the present invention is applied. This is meaningful for communication between the front and rear vehicles.

So the vehicle sends a miniMDS periodically for a set amount of time, and the rest of the time is in receive mode.

Because the terminal cannot transmit FCMS under the DSRC protocol, there is a risk that terminals of both vehicles can simultaneously transmit miniMDS slots because they cannot determine which vehicle should transmit first or which one has priority. That is, since it is virtually impossible to determine in advance when to transmit or receive a miniMDS slot, in order to reduce the risk of simultaneous transmission, a miniMDS slot having a shorter time than a conventional DSRC MDS is determined as shown in FIG. 5 to perform transmission and reception. .

If the miniMDS slot is not received for a certain period of time, the transmission and reception efficiency is increased by randomly generating the random time.

Thus, as shown in FIG. 4, when the radio wave is received by another vehicle, the state of the own vehicle is compared. At this time, the state of the vehicle means that the vehicle is available for any service.

Once the services available for this vehicle are determined, vehicle speed control, freight transport services, and data exchange services with other vehicles can be performed.

In the case of the vehicle speed control service, the speed control service of the vehicle is operated by adjusting the speed of the vehicle by calculating the speed of the vehicle and the distance between the vehicles.

When used for vehicle safety, the fact that the miniMDS has been received is the information that allows the vehicle to know whether or not the vehicle is present. Therefore, speed data and miniMDS recognition data inside the car can be used to reduce the speed of the car or use it as basic data for controlling the safety system inside the car.

In the case of freight forwarding services, the vehicle's unique ID (VID) is contained in the miniMDS's data received from the vehicle and records the parking and passing when the vehicle is parked or passed.

In the case of data exchange service with other vehicles, it is necessary when a large amount of data exchange is desired with the vehicle in front or the vehicle behind. At this time, the two vehicles transmit and receive data that they want to exchange through miniMDS. At this time, the two vehicles transmit and receive data randomly and exchange data until the C / L byte becomes '0'.

And when it is used for data transmission between vehicles, once the miniMDS slot is received, the miniMDS slot that defines the data characteristics of the miniMDS checks the unique ID (VID) and SC of the vehicle, so it is necessary to receive data from the VID and SC. If the reception is necessary, the data is received until the C / L byte becomes '0'.

Accordingly, by having the unique ID of the vehicle and allowing the vehicle to transmit data by itself, it is possible to reduce the need for the presence of the roadside base station and to improve the data exchange between the vehicles.

As such, the present invention implements the inter-vehicle communication function in the DSRC terminal attached to the vehicle to improve the stability of the vehicle and reduce the dependency on the roadside base station.

Although the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention may use various changes, modifications, and equivalents. It is clear that the present invention can be applied in the same manner by appropriately modifying the above embodiments. Accordingly, the above description does not limit the scope of the invention as defined by the limitations of the following claims.

As described above, an apparatus and method for improving vehicle stability using a short-range wireless communication system according to the present invention implement vehicle-to-vehicle communication function in a DSRC terminal attached to a vehicle to improve vehicle stability and provide a roadside base station. This can reduce dependencies and reduce the need for roadside base stations.

1 is a block diagram of a general short-range wireless communication system,

2 is a block diagram showing the overall data flow between a communication system and an application in a general short-range wireless communication system,

3 is a flowchart illustrating a communication method between a terminal of a vehicle and a roadside base station using a conventional short-range wireless communication system;

4 is a block diagram of an apparatus for improving stability of a vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system according to the present invention.

5 is a block diagram of a miniMDS used in the present invention,

6 is a flowchart illustrating a method for improving stability of a vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system according to the present invention.

7 is an exemplary view illustrating a communication state between vehicles to which the present invention is applied.

Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings

1: Traffic Information Center 2: ITS Service Area Server

3: Communication network 4: Ethernet TCP / IP

5: hub 6: roadside base station

7: vehicle 10: control unit

20: wireless communication unit 30: the first antenna

40: second antenna

Claims (11)

A control unit controlling an operation of the terminal; A wireless communication unit configured to perform wireless communication through first and second antennas under the control of the controller; A first antenna connected to the wireless communication unit and used for a service using a DSRC; A device for improving stability of a vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system, characterized in that it comprises a second antenna connected to the wireless communication unit and used for communication between terminals. The method of claim 1, wherein the control unit, Device for improving stability of a vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system, characterized in that the control to perform communication with the terminal of another vehicle through the second antenna using a miniMDS having information including the existence of the terminal itself. The method of claim 2, wherein the miniMDS, A VID indicating a unique number of a vehicle, an SC indicating which services are available, a message indicating a data content, and a C / L indicating a continuation / finish. Stability improvement device. The method of claim 3, wherein the C / L, If the value is a certain value, it means that the data to be received and the data to be sent are the last, and if the value is different, the value to be received and the data to be sent are also present in the next slot. Device for improving the stability of the vehicle using a short-range dedicated wireless communication system, characterized in that used as. The method of claim 3 or 4, wherein the miniMDS is, A device for improving stability of a vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system, comprising a 2-bit VID, a 1-bit SC, a 30-bit message, and a 1-bit C / L. A first step of determining a service to be performed by comparing a state of a vehicle when receiving a radio wave of another vehicle through communication with the other vehicle; If the service is determined in the first step, the method comprising the second step of performing the service by the communication with other vehicles, characterized in that performed by the short-range dedicated wireless communication system. The method of claim 6, wherein the first step, When performing communication with another vehicle, a method of improving stability of a vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system, characterized in that performed using a miniMDS having information including the presence of the terminal itself. The method of claim 7, wherein the miniMDS, A vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system comprising a VID indicating a unique number of a vehicle, an SC indicating which services are available, a message indicating a data content, and a C / L indicating a continuation / finish. How to improve stability. The method of claim 6, wherein the second step, If the service is a vehicle speed control service, the method of improving the stability of the vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system, characterized in that to calculate the speed of the vehicle and the distance between the vehicle to adjust the speed of the vehicle. The method of claim 6, wherein the second step, If the service is a freight transport service, a vehicle using a short-range wireless communication system, which records the parking and passing when the vehicle is parked or passed by a unique ID of the data of the miniMDS received from the vehicle. How to improve stability. The method of claim 6, wherein the second step, If the service is a data exchange service with another vehicle, a data exchange service with a terminal of another vehicle is randomly performed and continues until a stop request is made by a C / L byte. How to improve vehicle stability.