KR20050045852A - Liquid display device - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to improve the display characteristics of a semi-transmissive LCD, and to reduce the thickness and cost of the LCD. To this end, in the reflection region, the UV curable liquid crystal 240 subjected to UV curing is applied to the side facing the liquid crystal layer 300 of the glass substrate 200 on the color filter side, and irradiated with ultraviolet rays. Cured. Since the UV curable liquid crystal 240 acts as a retardation plate, it is not necessary to adhere the retardation plate to the glass substrate or the TFT glass substrate on the color filter side as in the conventional semi-transmissive LCD. In addition, since the UV curable liquid crystal 240 can be easily patterned, it can be selectively formed only in the reflection region.

Description

Liquid crystal display {LIQUID DISPLAY DEVICE}

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly, to a transflective liquid crystal display device in which both reflective and transmissive regions are formed in each pixel.

Since liquid crystal displays (hereinafter referred to as LCDs) are thin and have low power consumption, they are now widely used as monitors of computers and monitors of portable information devices such as mobile phones. LCDs include transmissive LCDs and reflective LCDs. The transmissive LCD uses a transparent electrode as a pixel electrode for applying a voltage to the liquid crystal, and arranges a backlight light source behind the LCD panel, and controls the amount of transmitted light of the backlight on the LCD panel to display a bright display even in dark surroundings. You can do However, since the backlight light source is always turned on to display, the power consumption is high and there is a characteristic that sufficient contrast cannot be secured in an environment with strong external light such as outdoors in daylight.

On the other hand, in the reflective LCD, external light such as sunlight or indoor light is used as a light source, and the external light incident on the LCD panel is reflected by the reflective electrode formed on the substrate on the observation surface side. Then, display is performed by controlling the amount of emitted light from the LCD panel of light incident on the liquid crystal layer and reflected by the reflective electrode for each pixel. Since the reflective LCD uses external light as a light source, display cannot be performed in an environment without external light. However, unlike a transmissive LCD, the reflective LCD has low power consumption due to no power consumption by the light source and provides sufficient contrast in an environment with strong external light. There is a characteristic that can be.

Recently, semi-transmissive LCDs have been developed as LCDs having both a transmissive function and a reflective function, and are easy to see in both bright and dark environments. In this semi-transmissive LCD, a transparent electrode such as ITO is used to realize a transmissive function in one pixel, and a reflective electrode having good reflective characteristics such as Al is used to realize a reflective function.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view showing the structure of one pixel of a conventional active matrix semi-transmissive LCD having a thin film transistor (TFT) in each pixel. In this semi-transmissive LCD, a TFT glass substrate 100 having a TFT (not shown) formed with a predetermined gap therebetween and a glass substrate 200 having a color filter 230 are bonded to each other, and a liquid crystal layer therebetween. 300 is enclosed.

In the reflective region, the protrusion 130 is formed on the TFT-side glass substrate 100 by an interlayer insulating film or the like, and the reflective electrode 140 is formed on the protrusion 130. By forming this protrusion part 130, the gap between the reflective electrode 140 and the glass substrate 200 of the color filter side becomes small, and the reflection characteristic is favorable. Although the polarizing plate 210 is adhere | attached on the observation surface side of the glass substrate 200 of one side of a color filter, (lambda) / 2 plate 220a and between the polarizing plate 210 and the glass substrate 200 of the color filter side, and The first retardation plate 220 made of the λ / 4 plate 220b is joined. Here, the λ / 2 plate 220a functions to shift the phase of 1/2 wavelength of the wavelength λ of the incident light, and the λ / 4 plate 220b has a phase of 1/4 wavelength of the wavelength λ of the incident light. It functions to mutate.

The reason for providing the first retardation plate 220 is to realize a normal white type LCD that can achieve good black display in the reflection region. In other words, LCDs include a normal white type for displaying white in a state where no voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 300, and a normal black type for displaying black in this state. It is known that it can be made favorable.

However, when the first retardation plate 220 is absent, when the liquid crystal molecule long axis of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal layer 300 stands by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 300, the polarizing plate 210 and the color filter side glass substrate ( Since the reflected light reflected by the reflective electrode 120 through the liquid crystal layer 300 and the liquid crystal layer 300 is emitted to the outside in the opposite path again without phase difference, a black display is not obtained. Thus, by providing the first retardation plate 220 to change the linearly polarized state of the incident light and the reflected light into a circular deflection state, black display is possible in a state where a voltage is applied to the liquid crystal layer 300, thereby allowing normal white. Type display is realized.

On the other hand, in the transmission region, in order to obtain a normal white display, the first retardation plate 220 is not originally necessary, but the first retardation plate 220 is also provided in the transmission region by providing the first retardation plate 220 in the reflection area. Will be installed. Therefore, in order to obtain the display of normal white even in the transmissive region, the first phase difference composed of the retardation plate λ / 2 plate 120a and λ / 4 plate 120b between the deflection plate 110 and the TFT glass substrate 100. The second retardation plate 120 similar to the plate 220 is joined.

The transflective LCD described above is a normal white type and operates in an ECB (field controlled birefringence) mode.

[Patent Document 1]

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2003-255399

However, in the above-mentioned conventional semi-transmissive LCD, since the first retardation plate 220 and the second retardation plate 110 are provided in the transmission region, and also operate in the ECB mode, the characteristics (transmittance, contrast) of the transmission region are provided. ) Had a problem of deterioration.

In addition, since the first retardation plate 220 and the second retardation plate 110 each have a thickness of about 0.07 mm, the first retardation plate 220 and the second retardation plate 110 each have a thickness of 0.14 mm, so that the LCD becomes thicker. In addition, there is a problem that the cost of the LCD is increased by the first phase difference plate 220 and the second phase difference plate 110.

This invention is made | formed in view of the subject of the prior art mentioned above, and UV reflection is possible in the reflection area | region to the side which opposes the liquid crystal layer of the glass substrate on the color filter side, or the side which opposes the liquid crystal layer of a TFT glass substrate. (curable) The liquid crystal layer (referring to the liquid crystal layer which can be cured by ultraviolet rays) is oriented with an alignment film, and applied, and irradiated with UV (ultraviolet rays) to this to cure.

According to such a structure, since a UV curable liquid crystal layer plays a role of a retardation plate, it does not need to adhere a retardation plate to the glass substrate or TFT glass substrate on the color filter side like a conventional semi-transmissive LCD. In addition, since the UV curable liquid crystal layer can be easily patterned, it can be selectively formed only in the reflection region.

<Example>

Next, the Example of this invention is described, referring drawings. First, the liquid crystal display according to the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1: is a whole block diagram of this liquid crystal display device, and FIG. 2 is sectional drawing which shows the structure of one pixel. Here, in Fig. 2, the same components as in Fig. 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof will be omitted.

As shown in Fig. 1, this liquid crystal display includes a plurality of pixels arranged in an n-row m-column matrix, and each pixel includes a pixel selection TFT 10, a liquid crystal layer 300, and a storage capacitor Csc. Equipped. The gate line 20 extending in the row direction is connected to the gate of the pixel selection TFT 10, and the data line 21 extending in the column direction is connected to the drain thereof. The gate scan signal is sequentially supplied from the vertical drive circuit 30 to the gate line 20 of each row, and the pixel selection TFT 10 is selected accordingly. In addition, a video signal is supplied to the data line 21 in accordance with the drain scan signal from the horizontal drive circuit 40 and applied to the liquid crystal layer 300 through the pixel selection TFT 10. The storage capacitor Csc is used to hold the video signal supplied through the pixel selection TFT 10.

Next, the structure of one pixel is demonstrated with reference to FIG. This pixel is a transflective LCD pixel and has a reflection area and a transmission area. The TFT glass substrate 100 in which the pixel selection TFT 10 (not shown) is formed with a predetermined gap therebetween and the glass substrate 200 having the color filter layer 23 are bonded to each other, and the liquid crystal layer therebetween. 300 is enclosed. In this embodiment, the liquid crystal layer 300 is preferably formed of a nematic liquid crystal having a TN (twisted nematic) effect. In addition, the TFT glass substrate 100 and the glass substrate 200 should just be a board | substrate which consists of a transparent or translucent insulating material which has the characteristic which permeate | transmits incident light, It is not limited to a glass substrate.

In the reflective region, a protrusion 130 made of an interlayer insulating film or the like is formed on the TFT glass substrate 100, and a reflective electrode 140 made of a material having excellent reflection characteristics such as aluminum is formed on the protrusion 130. have. In addition, although the reflective electrode 140 is formed on the TFT glass substrate 100, the projection part 130 may be formed on the glass substrate 200. As shown in FIG.

The reflection of the UV-curable liquid crystal layer 240 on which the UV curing is applied is performed on the glass substrate 200 on the color filter side via the color filter layer 230 and the alignment film 201, facing the reflective electrode 140. It is formed selectively only in the area. The formation method is formed by coating a UV curable liquid crystal layer in a liquid state on the entire surface of the color filter layer 230, selectively irradiating ultraviolet light only to the reflective region, and then transmitting the light not irradiated with the chemical using a chemical agent. The UV curable liquid crystal layer in the region is removed.

This UV curable liquid crystal layer 240 has a function as a phase difference plate which shifts the phase of incident light by a predetermined wavelength by performing UV curing. The phase difference can be adjusted by changing the thickness of the UV curable liquid crystal layer 240. For example, when the UV curable liquid crystal layer 240 functions as a λ / 4 plate, black display can be performed when a long axis of the liquid crystal molecules is established by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 300 through an electrode. In other words, the reflective area functions as a normal white reflective LCD.

On the other hand, with respect to the transparent region, in the structure having the liquid crystal layer 300 encapsulated between the glass substrate 200 with the transparent electrode (not shown) and the TFT substrate 100 with the transparent electrode (not shown), Since the retarder is not provided, it has the structure of a normal transmissive LCD. Therefore, the transmission region has a transmission characteristic and a contrast characteristic equivalent thereto.

In addition, the slow axis of the UV curable liquid crystal layer 240 is 40 ° or more with the absorption axis of the polarizing plate 210 adhered to the glass substrate 200 and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate 110 adhered to the TFT glass substrate 100. It is preferable to achieve an angle in the range of 50 ° or less to improve the reflection VT characteristic described later.

According to the present embodiment, since good display is obtained in both the transmission region and the reflection region, since the first retardation plate 220 and the second retardation plate 110 of the conventional example do not need to be provided, the LCD can be made thinner. In addition, the cost reduction of the LCD can be realized.

Next, the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment will be described. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of one pixel. Here, in FIG. 3, the same components as in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will be omitted. In addition, the whole block diagram of a liquid crystal display device is the same as that of FIG.

In this pixel, a transparent electrode 131 made of ITO is formed on both the reflective and transmissive regions on the TFT glass substrate 100, and in the reflective region, the aluminum or the like is reflected so as to cover the transparent electrode 131. A reflective electrode 132 made of a material having excellent characteristics is formed. The reflective electrode 132 is connected to the source or drain of the pixel selection TFT 10 (not shown). In addition, an alignment film 133 for orienting the liquid crystal layer 300 is formed so as to cover the transparent electrode 131 and the reflective electrode 132 in the transmission region.

In addition, the color filter layer 230 is bonded to the other glass substrate 200, and the alignment film 251 is deposited on the surface of the color filter layer 230. In the reflective region, the UV curable liquid crystal 252 on which the UV curing is applied is selectively formed on the alignment film 251. The UV curable liquid crystal 252 is aligned by the first alignment layer 251. The formation method of this UV curable liquid crystal 252 is the same as that of 1st Example. The first transparent electrode 253 is formed to cover the color filter layer 230 and the UV curable liquid crystal 252 in the transmissive region with the surface facing the liquid crystal layer 300. An alignment film 254 is formed to cover the surface of the transparent electrode 253 and to align the liquid crystal layer 300.

Although the UV curable liquid crystal 252 functions as a retardation plate similarly to the first embodiment, the retardation depends on the film thickness thereof. The birefringence [Delta] n as the retardation plate has wavelength dependency. For example, when the wavelength of incident light in the reflection region is 589.6 nm, [Delta] n is 0.06. If the thickness of the UV curable liquid crystal 252 is 1.4 占 퐉, the phase difference is represented by the thickness of Δn x UV curable liquid crystal 252, which in this case is 84 nm.

Here, the birefringence Δn of the liquid crystal layer 300 is 0.129, and the retardation Δnd is 258 nm (when the wavelength of incident light into the reflection region is 589.6 nm). In addition, the angle of the absorption axis of the polarizing plate 210 adhered to the glass substrate 200 is 45 degrees, and the orientation direction of the liquid crystal layer 300 is also this angle direction. In addition, the angle of the absorption axis of the polarizing plate 110 adhered to the TFT glass substrate 100 is 135 degrees. In addition, the angle of the orientation direction of the UV curable liquid crystal 252 is 90 degrees.

In addition, when the gap d1 of the reflective region defined by the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 300 and the gap d2 of the transparent region are formed in consideration of the balance between the reflective characteristics and the transmissive characteristics, the protrusions 130 are formed as in the first embodiment so that d1 < It is preferable to set it as d2. This is because, in the reflection region, the distance of light through the liquid crystal layer 300 becomes twice as large as the transmission region due to reflection. In the present embodiment, the UV curable liquid crystal 252 itself is a projection, even if the projection 130 is not particularly formed, so that the relationship d1 <d2 can be naturally realized.

The ratio of the gaps d1 and d2 is a condition where the liquid crystal display is most easily seen in consideration of the balance between the transmission VT characteristics (the characteristics of the incident light transmittance versus the liquid crystal applied voltage) and the reflection VT characteristics (the characteristics of the reflectance of the incident light versus the liquid crystal applied voltage). It is important to set. Here, the liquid crystal applied voltage refers to a voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 300 through the transparent electrodes 253 and 133 and the reflective electrode 132.

Therefore, the present inventors performed computer simulation of these characteristics about the transflective LCD using TN liquid crystal using gap d1 and d2 as a parameter. As a result, it was found that when d1: d2 = 2: 3.4, these characteristics were optimized. 4 is a diagram showing a computer simulation result of the transmission VT characteristic when d1: d2 = 2: 3.4. In FIG. 4, the vertical axis represents transmittance and the horizontal axis represents voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer. 5 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of the reflection VT characteristic when d1: d2 = 2: 3.4. In Fig. 5, the vertical axis represents the reflectance, and the horizontal axis represents the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer. There are three types of incident light wavelengths: 460 nm (blue), 550 nm (green), and 630 nm (red).

In the transmission VT characteristic of Fig. 4, when the liquid crystal applied voltage is about 2V, the transition of transmittance occurs almost in agreement with the three kinds of wavelengths. On the other hand, in the reflection VT characteristic of FIG. 5, although there are some fluctuations with respect to the wavelength of a kind, similarly, when the liquid crystal applied voltage is about 2V, a change in reflectance occurs. In addition, the slow axis of the UV curable liquid crystal layer 252 is 40 ° or more with the absorption axis of the polarizing plate 210 adhered to the glass substrate 200 and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate 110 adhered to the TFT glass substrate 100. It is preferable to achieve an angle in the range of 50 ° or less to obtain good reflective VT characteristics.

Next, the liquid crystal display device according to the third embodiment will be described. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of one pixel. Here, in Fig. 6, the same components as in Fig. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted. In addition, the whole block diagram of this liquid crystal display device is the same as that of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 6, the pixel is provided with the UV curable liquid crystal layer 143 on the TFT glass substrate 100 as opposed to the second embodiment. In the reflection region, a reflection electrode 141 made of a material having excellent reflection characteristics such as aluminum is selectively formed on the TFT glass substrate 100. The reflective electrode 141 is connected to the source or drain of the pixel selection TFT 10 (not shown). The UV curable liquid crystal layer 143 on which the UV curing is applied is formed on the reflective electrode 141 via the alignment film 142. The UV curable liquid crystal 143 is aligned by the alignment film 142. The formation method of the UV curable liquid crystal 143 is the same as that of the first embodiment.

In addition, the transparent electrode 144 is formed on the surface of the TFT glass substrate 100 in the transmissive region and on the surface of the UV-curable liquid crystal 143 facing the liquid crystal layer 300. An alignment film 145 is formed to cover the surface of the transparent electrode 144 and to align the liquid crystal layer 300. On the other hand, the color filter layer 230 is bonded to the surface of another glass substrate 200, and the transparent electrode 261 and the alignment film 262 are deposited on the surface of this color filter layer 230. As shown in FIG.

In addition, the slow axis of the UV curable liquid crystal layer 143 is 40 ° or more with the absorption axis of the polarizing plate 210 adhered to the glass substrate 200 and the absorption axis of the polarizing plate 110 adhered to the TFT glass substrate 100. It is preferable to achieve an angle in the range of 50 ° or less to obtain good reflective VT characteristics.

Next, the liquid crystal display device according to the fourth embodiment will be described. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of one pixel. In addition, in FIG. 7, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected about the component same as FIG. 2, and the description is abbreviate | omitted. In addition, the whole block diagram of this liquid crystal display device is the same as that of FIG.

As shown in FIG. 7, the pixel is composed of a UV curable UV curable liquid crystal layer having a two-layer structure, and on the glass substrate 200 side, an alignment film 251 is disposed on the color filter layer 230. The UV cured first UV curable liquid crystal layer 271, the alignment layer 272, and the UV cured second UV curable liquid crystal layer 273 are stacked in this order. In contrast to the conventional example, the first UV curable liquid crystal layer 271 functions as a lambda / 4 plate, and the second UV curable liquid crystal layer 273 functions as a lambda / 2 plate, but the phase difference of each Since it can set accordingly, it is not limited to (lambda) / 4 board and (lambda) / 2 board.

The birefringence [Delta] n as the retardation plate has wavelength dependency. For example, when the wavelength of incident light into the reflective region is 589.6 nm, Δn is 0.265. If the thickness of the first UV cureable liquid crystal 261 is 0.30 μm and the thickness of the second UV cureable liquid crystal 263 is 1.20 μm, the phase difference is represented by the thickness of the Δn × UV curable liquid crystal, and thus, the first UV The phase difference between the curable liquid crystal 271 and the second UV curable liquid crystal 273 is 81 nm and 318 nm, respectively.

Here, the birefringence Δn of the liquid crystal layer 300 is 0.129, and the retardation Δnd is 258 nm (when the wavelength of incident light into the reflection region is 589.6 nm). In addition, the angle of the absorption axis of the polarizing plate 210 adhered to the glass substrate 200 is 45 degrees, and the orientation direction of the liquid crystal layer 300 is also this angle direction. In addition, the angle of the absorption axis of the polarizing plate 110 adhered to the TFT glass substrate 100 is 135 degrees. In addition, the angle of the orientation direction of the 1st UV curable liquid crystal 271 is 90 degrees, and the angle of the orientation direction of the 2nd UV curable liquid crystal 273 is 142 degrees.

Thus, the advantage of constructing the UV cured UV curable liquid crystal layer in a two-layer structure is that the reflective VT characteristic can be made better than the reflective VT characteristic of the second embodiment. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a computer simulation result of the reflective VT characteristic when the UV curable liquid crystal layer is doubled under the conditions of the ratio d1: d2 = d2: 1.9: 3.4 of the gaps d1 and d2. As is clear from this figure, the variation of the reflective VT characteristic is small for three wavelengths of 480 nm, 550 nm, and 630 nm.

In the present embodiment, a structure in which two layers of the UV curable UV curable liquid crystal layer is shown is illustrated. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and three or more UV curable liquid crystal layers may be formed via an alignment film. In addition, in the first, second, third and fourth embodiments, the UV curable UV curable liquid crystal layer is used, but if it is a layer having an optical phase difference, another layer, for example, an extended polymer film is used. Patterning may be used instead of the UV cured UV curable liquid crystal layer.

According to the present invention, good display of both the transmission region and the reflection region is obtained. In particular, in the transmissive region, there is no retardation plate, and furthermore, it operates in the TN mode instead of the ECB mode, so that excellent transmission characteristics and contrast characteristics equivalent to those of a conventional transmissive LCD can be obtained.

In addition, since the phase difference plate is not used, the LCD can be made thin, and is particularly suitable for use in monitors of portable information devices such as mobile phones. In addition, since the phase difference plate is not used, the cost reduction of the LCD can be realized.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a liquid crystal display according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of one pixel of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of one pixel of a liquid crystal display according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a diagram showing computer simulation results of a liquid crystal display transmission VT characteristic according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of reflective VT characteristics of a liquid crystal display according to a second exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of one pixel of the liquid crystal display device according to the third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of one pixel of a liquid crystal display according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

8 is a diagram illustrating a simulation result of reflective VT characteristics of a liquid crystal display according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present invention.

9 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of one pixel of a liquid crystal display device according to a conventional example.

<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

10: pixel selection TFT

20: gate line

21: data line

30: vertical drive circuit

40: horizontal drive circuit

100: TFT glass substrate

110: deflection plate

131, 144, 253, 261: transparent electrode

132,141: reflective electrode

133, 142, 145, 202, 251, 254, 262, 272: alignment film

143, 240, 252: UV Curable Liquid Crystal Layer

200: glass substrate

210: polarizer

230: color filter layer

271: First UV Curable Liquid Crystal Layer

273: second UV curable liquid crystal layer

Claims (13)

A liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixels and including a reflection area and a transmission area in each pixel, A first substrate having a first transparent electrode, A second substrate having a second transparent electrode, A liquid crystal layer encapsulated between the first substrate and the second substrate, A reflection electrode formed on the first substrate in the reflection region and reflecting light incident through the second substrate; A layer having an optical retardation formed in the reflective region It comprises a liquid crystal display device. The method of claim 1, The layer having the optical retardation is a UV curable liquid crystal layer subjected to UV curing. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The layer having the optical phase difference is arranged on the liquid crystal layer side of the first substrate. The method according to claim 1 or 2, The layer having the optical phase difference is arranged on the liquid crystal layer side of the second substrate. The method according to claim 1 or 2, A plurality of layers having the optical retardation are laminated via an alignment film. The method according to claim 1 or 2, A projection is provided on the first substrate or the second substrate, and the reflective electrode is disposed on the projection. The method according to claim 1 or 2, And said liquid crystal layer is composed of nematic liquid crystals. The method according to claim 1 or 2, A polarizing plate is attached to said first substrate and said second substrate, respectively. The method of claim 8, A slow axis of the layer having the optical phase difference forms an angle in the range of 40 ° or more and 50 ° or less with the absorption axis of the polarizing plate. A liquid crystal display device having a plurality of pixels and including a reflection area and a transmission area in each pixel, A first substrate having a first transparent electrode, A second substrate having a second transparent electrode, A polarizing plate adhered to the first substrate and the second substrate, respectively; A liquid crystal layer encapsulated between the first substrate and the second substrate, A reflection electrode formed in a reflection area in the pixel on the first substrate and reflecting light incident through the second substrate; A first layer having an optical retardation formed in said reflection region, A second layer having an optical phase difference stacked on the first layer via an alignment layer; Equipped with The slow axis of the first layer forms an angle in the range of 40 ° or more and 50 ° or less with the absorption axis of the polarizing plate, and the slow axis of the second layer is 45 ° or more and 55 ° or less with the slow axis of the first layer. A liquid crystal display device comprising the angle of the range. The method of claim 10, The first layer and the second layer are UV curable liquid crystal layers subjected to UV curing. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein The said 1st layer and the 2nd layer are arrange | positioned at the said liquid crystal layer side of a said 1st board | substrate, The liquid crystal display device characterized by the above-mentioned. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein The said 1st layer and the 2nd layer are arrange | positioned at the said liquid crystal layer side of a said 2nd board | substrate, The liquid crystal display device characterized by the above-mentioned.