KR20050030726A - A credit card and method for making credit card - Google Patents
A credit card and method for making credit card Download PDFInfo
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- KR20050030726A KR20050030726A KR1020030066766A KR20030066766A KR20050030726A KR 20050030726 A KR20050030726 A KR 20050030726A KR 1020030066766 A KR1020030066766 A KR 1020030066766A KR 20030066766 A KR20030066766 A KR 20030066766A KR 20050030726 A KR20050030726 A KR 20050030726A
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- gold
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- gold foil
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
- B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
- B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
- B42D25/40—Manufacture
- B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
- B42D25/465—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives
- B42D25/47—Associating two or more layers using chemicals or adhesives using adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 금박층이 형성된 신용카드 및 그 제조방법에 관한 것으로서, 더욱 상세하게는 신용카드에 내장된 순금(純金)의 얇은 금박(金箔)에 의하여 신용카드의 외부로 표출되는 금빛이 고광택을 유지하면서도 변색 및 변질이 방지되어 보다 고품위를 느낄 수 있는 신용카드를 제공할 수 있도록 한 발명에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a credit card with a gold foil layer and a method of manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to maintain a high gloss of gold expressed on the outside of a credit card by a thin gold foil of pure gold embedded in the credit card. Yet it relates to an invention to provide a credit card that can be more high-quality feel to prevent discoloration and deterioration.
일반적으로 신용카드(credit card)는 특정의 회원에게 상품, 서비스 대금의 회수를 일정기간 유예하는 증명으로 발행하는 플라스틱 카드의 일종으로 현대에는 광범위하게 사용되고 있고, 고객의 신용등급에 따라 차별화 된 다양한 종류의 신용카드들이 고객들에 제공되고 있다.Generally, credit card is a kind of plastic card that is issued to a certain member as proof of probation of the recovery of goods and services for a certain period of time. It is widely used in modern times and is differentiated according to customer's credit rating. Credit cards are being offered to customers.
이중에서도 신용등급이 높은 1등급의 VIP고객을 위하여 제작되는 골드카드(gold card)는 카드 전체가 금색(金色)으로 도색되어 보다 고품위를 느낄 수 있도록 제작된다.Among them, the gold card, which is produced for VIP customers with high credit ratings, is painted in gold to make it feel more elegant.
그러나, 전술한 골드카드는 안료에 금분(金粉)과 접착제를 혼합하여 인쇄하는 작업방식에 의하여 금빛이 표출되도록 하는 것이나, 안료에 혼합되는 금분(金粉)은 순금을 사용하는 것이 아니고 동(銅), 니켈과 같은 금속합금과 색소 등을 사용하여 제작되는 것이므로 순금(純金)에서 발산되는 높은 광택이나 질감을 얻을 수 없었다.However, the above-mentioned gold card is such that the gold color is expressed by the printing method by mixing the gold powder and the adhesive on the pigment, and the gold powder mixed with the pigment does not use pure gold but the copper. Since it is produced using a metal alloy such as nickel and a dye, it is not possible to obtain high gloss or texture emitted from pure gold.
또한, 금분(金粉)은 광택이나 질감이 절대 변하지 않는 순금(純金)과는 달리 고온다습, 산성 및 알칼리성과 같은 조건에서는 광택을 잃어 변질되는 성질이 있는 것이므로 신용카드를 장시간 사용하면 변색 및 변질되는 등의 폐단이 발생되어 결국 고품질의 신용카드를 제공할 수 없었다.In addition, unlike pure gold, which never changes its gloss or texture, gold powder loses its luster under conditions such as high temperature, high humidity, acidity, and alkalinity. The closure of the back occurred, and eventually could not provide a high quality credit card.
본 발명은 상기와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위하여 창안한 것으로서, 그 목적은 신용카드에 내장된 순금(純金)의 얇은 금박(金箔)에 의하여 신용카드의 외부로 표출되는 금빛이 고광택을 유지하면서도 변색 및 변질이 방지되어 보다 고품위를 느낄 수 있는 신용카드를 제공함에 있는 것이다.The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, the object is that the gold color expressed on the outside of the credit card by the thin gold foil of pure gold (에) embedded in the credit card while maintaining a high gloss and discoloration and It is to provide a credit card that can prevent the deterioration and feel a higher quality.
상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 특징은, 순금(10a)을 녹여 연금 한 후 압연기(20)를 사용하여 얇은 금박(10b)을 성형하는 단계; 성형된 금박(10b)을 점착층(30a)이 형성된 전사지(30)와 함께 가압롤러(22)들 사이를 통과하여 전사지(30)에 금박(10b)를 부착하는 단계; 투명재질로 이루어진 상부 코팅지(11)의 하부면과 하부 코팅지(12)의 상부면에 문자 및 그림을 인쇄한 후 건조시켜 코팅지(11)(12)들에 인쇄층(11a)(12a)들을 각각 형성하는 단계; 코팅지(11)(12)들에 각각 형성된 인쇄층(11a)(12a)들 위에 유성 접착제를 도포하여 접착층(11b)(12b)들을 형성하는 단계; 상기 코팅지(11)(12)들의 접착층(11b)(12b)들 위에 전사지(30)가 부착된 금박(10b)들을 각각 올려놓고 130∼140℃의 온도와 120∼140bar의 압력을 가하면서 2∼4분간 눌러주어 금박(10b)들이 접착층(11b)(12b)들에 각각 열 접착되면 전사지(30)를 분리하여 전사하는 단계; 그 하부면에 금박층(10)이 형성된 상부 코팅지(11), 합성수지로 이루어진 코어시트(13), 상부면에 금박층(10)이 형성된 하부 코팅지(12)를 차례로 적층하여 160∼180℃의 온도와 120∼130bar의 압력을 가하면서 8∼12분간 가압하여 열 접착하는 단계; 접착이 완료된 카드원단을 외형대로 절단하여 신용카드(1)를 완성하는 단계로 이루어진 것을 특징으로 하는 금박층이 형성된 신용카드의 제조방법에 의하여 달성될 수 있는 것이다. Features of the present invention for achieving the above object, the step of forming a thin gold foil (10b) by using a rolling mill 20 after melting the pure gold (10a); Attaching the gold foil 10b to the transfer paper 30 by passing the molded gold foil 10b between the pressure rollers 22 together with the transfer paper 30 on which the adhesive layer 30a is formed; After printing letters and pictures on the lower surface of the upper coated paper 11 and the upper surface of the lower coated paper 12 made of a transparent material, the print layers 11a and 12a are respectively coated on the coated papers 11 and 12. Forming; Forming an adhesive layer (11b) (12b) by applying an oily adhesive on the print layers (11a) (12a) formed on the coated paper (11) (12), respectively; Gold foils 10b on which the transfer paper 30 is attached are placed on the adhesive layers 11b and 12b of the coated papers 11 and 12, respectively, and the temperature is 130 to 140 ° C. and a pressure of 120 to 140 bar is applied. Pressing for 4 minutes to separate and transfer the transfer paper 30 when the gold foils 10b are thermally bonded to the adhesive layers 11b and 12b, respectively; The upper coated paper 11 having the gold foil layer 10 formed on the lower surface thereof, the core sheet 13 made of synthetic resin, and the lower coated paper 12 having the gold foil layer 10 formed on the upper surface thereof were laminated in this order of 160 to 180 ° C. Thermally bonding by pressing for 8 to 12 minutes while applying temperature and pressure of 120 to 130 bar; It is possible to achieve by the method of manufacturing a credit card formed with a gold foil layer, characterized in that the step of completing the credit card (1) by cutting the completed card gluing to the outline.
이하, 상기한 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 제조방법을 첨부된 도면에 의하여 상세히 설명하면 다음과 같다.Hereinafter, described in detail by the accompanying drawings a manufacturing method of the present invention for achieving the above object is as follows.
실시예Example
도 3a에서 도시한 바와 같이, 순금(10a)을 녹여 연금(鍊金) 한 후 통상의 압연기(20)를 사용하여 얇은 호일 형태 즉, 0.02∼0.1mm 정도의 두께를 갖는 금박(10b)을 성형하였다.As shown in FIG. 3A, after the pure gold 10a is melted and puffed, a gold foil 10b having a thickness of about 0.02 to 0.1 mm is formed by using a conventional rolling mill 20. It was.
상기 압연기(rolling mill)는 회전하는 2개의 롤러(21)들이 연속으로 설치된 구성으로 되어 있고, 롤러(21)들의 간극은 갈수록 좁아지는 형태의 압연기(20)를 사용하였으며, 순금(10a)을 용융시켜 고온으로 압연하는 열간압연(熱間壓延)을 사용하였다.The rolling mill has a configuration in which two rotating rollers 21 are continuously installed, and the gap between the rollers 21 is used as the rolling mill 20 of a narrower shape, melting the pure gold 10a. Hot rolling was used to make the steel sheet roll at a high temperature.
이어서, 성형된 금박(10b)을 점착층(30a)이 형성된 전사지(30)와 함께 가압롤러(22)들 사이를 통과하여 도 3b에서 도시한 바와 같이 전사지(30)에 금박(10b)을 부착하여 카드원단과 동일한 크기로 절단하였다.Subsequently, the formed gold foil 10b is passed between the pressure rollers 22 together with the transfer paper 30 on which the adhesive layer 30a is formed, and the gold foil 10b is attached to the transfer paper 30 as shown in FIG. 3B. It cut to the same size as the card fabric.
이때, 전사지(30)들 사이에 금박(10b)을 삽입하여 연속으로 가압롤러(22)들 사이를 통과시켜 금박(10b)의 두께를 0.01mm 이하로 형성할 수도 있다.At this time, the gold foil (10b) is inserted between the transfer paper 30 to pass through the pressure rollers 22 in succession to form a thickness of the gold foil (10b) to 0.01mm or less.
이어서, 도 3c에서 도시한 바와 같이 0.13mm의 두께를 갖는 투명한 PVC로 이루어진 상부 코팅지(11)의 하부면과 하부 코팅지(12)의 상부면에 카드사와 관련된 그림이나 문자를 실크스크린으로 인쇄한 후 건조하였더니 코팅지(11)(12)들에 인쇄층(11a)(12a)들이 각각 형성되었다.Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3c, after printing a picture or text related to the card company on the lower surface of the upper coated paper 11 and the upper coated paper 12 made of transparent PVC having a thickness of 0.13 mm, the silk screen was printed. When dried, the print layers 11a and 12a were formed on the coated sheets 11 and 12, respectively.
이어서, 도 3d에서 도시한 바와 같이 코팅지(11)(12)들에 각각 형성된 인쇄층(11a)(12a)들 위에 유성 접착제를 도포하여 접착층(11b)(12b)들을 형성하였다.Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3D, an oily adhesive is applied on the print layers 11a and 12a formed on the coated sheets 11 and 12 to form the adhesive layers 11b and 12b.
이어서, 도 3e에서 도시한 바와 같이 코팅지(11)(12)들의 접착층(11b)(12b)들 위에 전사지(30)가 부착된 금박(10b)들을 각각 올려놓고 135℃의 온도와 130bar의 압력을 가하면서 3분간 눌러주었더니 금박(10b)들이 접착층(11b)(12b)들에 전사되어 견고하게 접착되었다. 이후, 도 3f에서 도시한 바와 같이 금박(10b)에 부착된 전사지(30)를 분리하였다.Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3E, the gold foils 10b having the transfer papers 30 attached thereto are placed on the adhesive layers 11b and 12b of the coated papers 11 and 12, respectively, and a temperature of 135 ° C. and a pressure of 130 bar are applied. When pressed for 3 minutes while applying, the gold foils 10b were transferred to the adhesive layers 11b and 12b and firmly adhered thereto. Thereafter, as illustrated in FIG. 3F, the transfer paper 30 attached to the gold foil 10b was separated.
이어서, 도 3g에서 도시한 바와 같이, 하부면에 금박층(10)이 형성된 상부 코팅지(11), 0.32mm두께를 갖는 PVC로 이루어진 코어시트(13), 상부면에 금박층(10)이 형성된 하부 코팅지(12)를 차례로 적층하여 170℃의 온도와 125bar의 압력을 가하면서 약 10분간 가압하였더니 상부 코팅지(11), 금박층(10), 코어시트(13), 금박층(10), 하부 코팅지(12)들이 견고하게 열 접착되어 약 0.8mm의 두께를 갖는 1장의 카드원단이 완성되었다.Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 3G, the upper coated paper 11 having the gold foil layer 10 formed on the lower surface thereof, the core sheet 13 made of PVC having a thickness of 0.32 mm, and the gold foil layer 10 formed on the upper surface thereof. The lower coated paper 12 was sequentially laminated and pressed for about 10 minutes while applying a temperature of 170 ° C. and a pressure of 125 bar. Then, the upper coated paper 11, the gold foil layer 10, the core sheet 13, the gold foil layer 10, The bottom coated papers 12 were firmly heat bonded to complete one card fabric having a thickness of about 0.8 mm.
한편, 도 3e와 도 3g에서 도시한 바와 같이 소재들을 가압하여 열 접착하기 위하여 히터(42)가 장치된 하부금형(41) 위에 소재들을 올려놓고 히터(42)가 장치된 상부금형(40)을 하강하여 눌러주는 프레스를 사용하였다.Meanwhile, in order to pressurize and heat-bond the materials as shown in FIGS. 3E and 3G, the materials are placed on the lower mold 41 equipped with the heater 42 and the upper mold 40 equipped with the heater 42 is mounted. A press was used to descend and press.
이어서, 프레스에 장착된 금형을 이용하여 접착이 완료된 카드원단을 펀칭하여 카드의 외형을 따라 절단하였더니 금박층이 형성된 신용카드(1)의 제조가 완료되었다.Subsequently, using a mold mounted on a press, punching was completed to cut the card fabric along the outline of the card, and the manufacture of the credit card 1 in which the gold foil layer was formed was completed.
한편, 경우에 따라서는 소재들을 적층하여 열 접착하기 전 단계에서 상기 코어시트(13)의 상,하부면에 금분을 인쇄하여 골드인쇄층(13a)을 형성하는 단계가 더 포함되도록 하여 신용카드(1)를 제조할 수도 있다.In some cases, the method may further include forming a gold print layer 13a by printing gold powder on the upper and lower surfaces of the core sheet 13 in a step before laminating and thermally bonding the materials. 1) may also be manufactured.
이와 같이 골드인쇄층(13a)을 형성하는 경우에는 금박층(10)을 매우 얇게 형성함에 따라 금박층(10)을 통해 코어시트(13)가 부분적으로 투과되더라도 상기 골드인쇄층(13a)이 이를 커버할 수 있도록 되어 있다.When the gold printed layer 13a is formed in this manner, the gold foil layer 10 may be formed to be very thin, so that the gold printed layer 13a may partially transmit the core sheet 13 through the gold foil layer 10. It can be covered.
이와 같이 제조과정을 통해 완성된 신용카드(1)는 도 1 내지는 도2에서 도시한 바와 같이, 그 하부면에 인쇄층(11a)이 형성된 투명한 상부 코팅지(11), 금박층(10), 합성수지로 이루어진 코어시트(13), 금박층(10), 그 상부면에 인쇄층(12a)이 형성된 투명한 하부 코팅지(12)들이 차례로 적층되어 열 접착된 구조를 이루도록 되어 있다.As described above, the credit card 1 completed through the manufacturing process is shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and a transparent upper coated paper 11, a gold foil layer 10, a synthetic resin, on which a printing layer 11a is formed. The core sheet 13, the gold foil layer 10, and the transparent lower coated paper 12 having the printed layer 12a formed on the upper surface thereof are sequentially stacked to form a heat bonded structure.
도면서 미설명 부호 14는 상부 코팅지(11)의 상면에 부착되는 홀로그램이고, 15는 하부 코팅지(12)의 상면에 부착되는 마그네틱테이프이며, 16과 16a는 코어시트(13)에 부착되는 집적회로칩과 안테나코일이고, 17은 하부 코팅지(12)의 하부에 부착되어 사용자의 사인(sign)을 기록할 수 있는 서명지이다.Meanwhile, reference numeral 14 denotes a hologram attached to the upper surface of the upper coated paper 11, 15 denotes a magnetic tape attached to the upper surface of the lower coated paper 12, and 16 and 16a are integrated circuits attached to the core sheet 13. A chip and an antenna coil, and 17 is a signature sheet attached to the lower portion of the lower coated paper 12 to record a user's sign.
전술한 홀로그램(14), 마그네틱테이프(15), 집적회로칩(16), 안테나코일(16a), 서명지(17) 등은 신용카드의 종류에 따라 선택적으로 사용되고 이미 일반화된 기술이므로 자세한 설명은 생략하였다.Since the hologram 14, the magnetic tape 15, the integrated circuit chip 16, the antenna coil 16a, the signature paper 17, and the like are selectively used according to the type of credit card and are already generalized technologies, detailed descriptions thereof will be omitted. It was.
이상에서는 본 발명의 바람직한 실시예에 대하여 도시하고 또한 설명하였으나, 본 발명은 상기한 실시예에 한정되지 아니하며, 청구범위에서 청구하는 본 발명의 요지를 벗어남이 없이 당해 본 발명이 속하는 분야에서 통상의 지식을 가진 자라면 누구든지 다양한 변형 실시가 가능한 것은 물론이고, 그와 같은 변경은 기재된 청구범위 내에 있게 된다.Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been illustrated and described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention as claimed in the claims. Various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art, and such modifications are intended to fall within the scope of the appended claims.
이상에서 상술한 바와 같은 본 발명은 코어시트(13)의 상,하부면에 열 접착된 금박층(10)들이 투명한 상,하부 코팅지(11)(12)에 의하여 보호된 상태에서 고광택의 금빛을 발산함에 따라 보다 고품위를 느낄 수 있는 골드카드를 구현할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 순금(純金)의 박막으로 구성된 금박층(10)은 장기간 사용하더라도 변색 및 변질되는 일이 없이 항상 높은 광택을 유지할 수 있는 것이므로 대외 경쟁력이 우수한 신용카드를 제공할 수 있는 등의 이점이 있는 것이다.As described above, the present invention provides a high gloss of gold in a state where the gold foil layers 10 thermally bonded to the upper and lower surfaces of the core sheet 13 are protected by the transparent upper and lower coated papers 11 and 12. As it is divergent, not only can realize a gold card that can feel a higher quality, but also the gold foil layer 10 composed of a thin film of pure gold can maintain a high gloss at all times without discoloration and deterioration even after long-term use. There are advantages such as being able to provide a competitive credit card.
도 1은 본 발명에 의한 신용카드를 분리한 사시도.1 is a perspective view of a separate credit card according to the present invention.
도 2는 본 발명에 의한 신용카드를 분리한 단면도.2 is a cross-sectional view of a separate credit card according to the present invention.
도 3a∼도 3g는 본 발명에 의한 신용카드의 제조과정을 순차적으로 나열한 단면도.3A to 3G are cross-sectional views sequentially listing the manufacturing process of the credit card according to the present invention.
* 도면의 주요부분에 대한 부호의 설명 *Explanation of symbols on the main parts of the drawings
1 : 신용카드 10 : 금박층1: credit card 10: gold foil layer
10a : 순금 10b : 금박10a: pure gold 10b: gold leaf
11, 12 : 코팅지 11a, 12a : 인쇄층11, 12: coated paper 11a, 12a: printing layer
11b, 12b : 접착층 13 : 코어시트11b, 12b: adhesive layer 13: core sheet
13a : 골드인쇄층 14 : 홀로그램13a: gold printed layer 14: hologram
15 : 마그네틱테이프 16 : 집적회로칩15: magnetic tape 16: integrated circuit chip
16a : 안테나코일 17 : 서명지16a: antenna coil 17: signature
20 : 압연기 21 : 롤러20: rolling mill 21: roller
22 : 가압롤러 30 : 전사지22: pressure roller 30: transfer paper
30a : 점착층 40 : 상부금형30a: adhesive layer 40: upper mold
41 : 하부금형 42 : 히터41: lower mold 42: heater
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2003-0066766A KR100516106B1 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2003-09-26 | a credit card and method for making credit card |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2003-0066766A KR100516106B1 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2003-09-26 | a credit card and method for making credit card |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| KR20050030726A true KR20050030726A (en) | 2005-03-31 |
| KR100516106B1 KR100516106B1 (en) | 2005-09-21 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| KR10-2003-0066766A KR100516106B1 (en) | 2003-09-26 | 2003-09-26 | a credit card and method for making credit card |
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| Country | Link |
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| KR (1) | KR100516106B1 (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008105577A1 (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2008-09-04 | Gk Power Co., Ltd. | Plastic card having a metal decoration |
| KR20190057262A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-05-28 | 코나아이 (주) | a metal credit card of hybrid material way and manufacturing method metal credit card of hybrid material way |
| CN110276433A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2019-09-24 | 恩图鲁斯特咨询卡有限公司 | The pressure head of marking |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101798104B1 (en) * | 2015-11-25 | 2017-12-13 | (주)바이오스마트 | non-contacting metal card having antenna |
-
2003
- 2003-09-26 KR KR10-2003-0066766A patent/KR100516106B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2008105577A1 (en) * | 2007-02-27 | 2008-09-04 | Gk Power Co., Ltd. | Plastic card having a metal decoration |
| CN110276433A (en) * | 2012-11-09 | 2019-09-24 | 恩图鲁斯特咨询卡有限公司 | The pressure head of marking |
| US11759995B2 (en) | 2012-11-09 | 2023-09-19 | Entrust Corporation | Branding indenter |
| KR20190057262A (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2019-05-28 | 코나아이 (주) | a metal credit card of hybrid material way and manufacturing method metal credit card of hybrid material way |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100516106B1 (en) | 2005-09-21 |
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