KR20050021430A - Dental modeling and articulating system and method - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: Provided are a dental modeling and articulating system and a method for duplicating at least a portion of a patient's mouth for use in producing a dental prosthesis, which especially provides a hinge and a thin membrane for the dental modeling and articulating system. CONSTITUTION: A dental articulating device and method to duplicate at least a portion of a patient's mouth for use in producing a dental prosthesis includes a pair of trays pivotally coupled together by an integral hinge. The trays are facing and separated from each other in the closed system, and are pivotally separated in the open system. The hinge includes a pivot axle and a shoulder extending at least partially around the pivot axle and creating two axle portions extending on each side of the shoulder. A pair of fingers are pivotally positioned on opposite sides of the pivot axle and on opposite sides of the shoulder and separated by both the axle and the shoulder.

Description

Dental modeling and articulator system and method {DENTAL MODELING AND ARTICULATING SYSTEM AND METHOD}

The present invention generally relates to dental modeling and articulator systems and methods. In particular, the present invention relates to a hinge for the dental modeling and articulator system and a thin film for the dental modeling and articulator system.

In order to produce a dental prosthesis, it is necessary to produce a dental model in which the patient's mouth can be exactly replicated and the prosthetic can be assembled. The dental prosthesis includes crowns, bridges, caps (basis) for CAD / CAM production, inlays, onlays and other restorative dental work elements. Include.

The method for producing a dental model is called "double pour method" or "dry pinning technique". According to the method, the model is poured, hardened, separated and finished, and then holes are arranged in the lower surface of the casting, pins are inserted with the adhesive and the casting is arranged inside the second pour stone base. do. The problem with this method is that it takes a lot of time and effort to set the dowel pin and cast the casting material several times to produce the base and the die. In addition, according to the method, the method is often speculative since a technician has to work with two separate castings by hand to set a bite. As a result, when negative impressions are performed, the castings for the upper and lower jaws represent bytes when provided by the dentist and may not always correlate the castings together to reproduce an accurate three-dimensional model. Examples of such methods are disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,734,033. According to the method, a separate hinge is used which is attached to the stone base or models separately. Strongly fixed and adjustable ball and socket shaped connections are included in the hinge after the stone bases or models are aligned.

Another method is known as the "single pore method" or wet pinning technique. According to the method, a plastic tray support member replaces the stone base and the second pore step is omitted. As a result, a dental model is produced. The overall process for doing this is considerably shortened and it is also possible to mount the mold without removing the upper and lower molds from the pressing element, so that the molds are correctly mounted by the bite when the impression is provided by the dentist. The pore method or wet pinning technique takes two forms. The first type is the "open cavity tray type", which 1) has a considerably high structure and stabilizes the prosthetic element in operation without changing its position or prevents movement of the prosthetic die by means of a notch structure or a string-shaped cavity wall and 2) matches Eliminate the extra work of pinhole drilling and pindexing. According to the problem of the method, 1) there is no fixed pin at the bottom of the prosthesis die to be fixed, making it difficult to control the die during the whole working of die preparation, wax up, metal finishing and pottery formation, and 2) special separation. It is necessary to use extra accessories such as devices, stacks, hammers, etc., while at the same time starting the entire die from the tray since the tray has relatively high, notched walls and part of the mold can be destroyed while being removed from the tray. Removal is difficult, and 3) the initial stage of wet pottery formation can be broken because the dies are firmly arranged by rails or spines that snap into the tray. Examples of such methods are disclosed in US Pat. Nos. 5,306,145 and 6,099,305.

The second form is "pin-shaped", whereby the plastic tray support member has a plurality of coincident pin holes, provided that at least one pin protrudes from the lower divided die, the system is easy to fix and work with the master die. And because the lower molds are articulated by hinges, the molds are not separated from the impressions, provided by the dentist that the molds are correctly fitted with the bite. As the material flows through the mating hole and hardens, the casting material stuck in the mating holes is excessively fixed.When the model material is hardened, it is stuck in the hole and makes it difficult to perform initial separation of the separating die from the tray support member. Also forcibly remove the die from the tray, During the whole process, small pieces of casting material located between the die and the tray remain broken and interfere with the proper configuration of adjacent dies and opposing models. Separate hinges or weak hinges are used which must be bonded to the main body by means of an adhesive and a hardening accelerator, examples of which are disclosed in US Pat. Nos. 5,466,152 and 6,318,999.

Thus, the main features of dental modeling are: 1) easily and accurately reposition parts of the model to adjacent dies and opposing models in a previously relevant state, and 2) the upper and lower molds to each other. Is a reliable match for.

1A is a perspective view of a dental articulator of a dental modeling system in accordance with the present invention and in a closed state;

1B is an exploded perspective view of the dental articulator of FIG. 1 in an open state with a negative impression of the patient tooth.

Figure 2 is a perspective view of the upper tray of the dental articulator of Figure 1a.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of the upper tray of the dental articulator of Figure 1a.

Figure 4 is a plan view showing the upper tray of the dental articulator of Figure 1a.

Figure 5a is a bottom view of the upper tray of the dental articulator of Figure 1a.

5B and 5C are cross-sectional views of the upper tray of FIG. 5A along lines 5b-5b and 5c-5c.

6 is an end view of the upper tray of the dental articulator of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the lower tray of the dental articulator of FIG. 1A with a prosthetic die; FIG.

Figure 8 is a perspective view of the lower tray of the dental articulator of Figure 1a.

Figure 9a is a plan view showing the lower tray of the dental articulator of Figure 1a.

FIG. 9B is a detailed view of the lower tray of FIG. 9A; FIG.

10 and 11 are bottom views of the lower tray of the dental articulator of FIG.

FIG. 12A is an end view of the dental articulator of FIG. 1A; FIG.

12B is an end view of the lower tray of the dental articulator of FIG. 1A;

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of the lower tray of FIG. 9A seen along line 13-13. FIG.

14A is a cross-sectional view of the lower tray of FIG. 9A seen along line 14a-14a.

14B is a detailed view of the lower tray of FIG. 14A.

Figure 14c is a cross-sectional view of the lower tray from the end according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of the lower tray of FIG. 9A seen from the end with the matching pins;

FIG. 16 is a cross sectional view of the lower tray of FIG. 9A seen at an end along line 16-16;

FIG. 17 is a side view of the dental articulator of FIG. 1A with a dental mold; FIG.

FIG. 18 is a side view of the dental articulator of FIG. 1A; FIG.

19A is a schematic diagram illustrating a lower tray of a dental articulator in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19B is a detailed view of the lower tray of FIG. 19A; FIG.

20A is a schematic side view of the dental articulator of FIG. 1A with a dental mold;

FIG. 20B is a schematic cross-sectional view of the lower tray of the dental articulator of FIG. 1A, having a prosthetic die; FIG.

FIG. 20C is a detailed view of the lower tray of the dental articulator of FIG. 20A; FIG.

FIG. 21 is a partially exploded view from above of the dental articulator of FIG. 1A; FIG.

FIG. 22 is a partial exploded view from the side of the dental articulator of FIG. 1A; FIG.

Figure 23 is a partial perspective view of the lower tray of the dental articulator of Figure 1a.

FIG. 24 is a partial exploded view from the side of the dental articulator of FIG. 1A; FIG.

25 is a partial perspective view of another hinge according to the present invention.

Figure 26 is a partial side view of another hinge according to the present invention.

FIG. 27A is a partially exploded perspective view of the dental articulator of FIG. 1A; FIG.

FIG. 27B is a partial perspective view of the dental articulator of FIG. 1A; FIG.

FIG. 28 is a partial perspective view of the dental articulator of FIG. 1A; FIG.

FIG. 29 is a schematic view from the end of the dental articulator of FIG. 1A; FIG.

30A is a top view of another dental tray of another dental articulator of another dental modeling system in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

30B is a sectional view of the tray of FIG. 30A seen from the end.

30C is a detailed view of the tray of FIG. 30B.

30D is an end sectional view of yet another embodiment of a tray in accordance with the present invention;

* Symbol description *

11,12 tray 14 die receiving surface

Crowns, bridges, caps (framework) for CAD / CAM production, inlays, onlays and other restorative dental work pieces can be manufactured accurately It is advantageous to develop dental modeling and occlusal devices for producing precise dental models. Also by 1) maximizing work efficiency, 2) providing complete center, lateral and protruding movements, and 3) built-in occlusal hinges and tray support members for dental molds, which perfectly match dental molds. It is advantageous to develop modeling and occlusal devices.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention provides a dental occlusal device for replicating a portion of a patient's mouth to produce a dental prosthesis. A pair of trays are constructed in the apparatus which are pivoted relative to each other and connected to each other between the closed and open states. In the closed state, the trays are arranged spaced apart facing each other. In the open state the trays are pivoted away from each other.

According to another feature of the invention, the hinge is integrally formed with the trays and positioned between the trays. The hinge includes one pivot axle and forms a protrusion extending at least partially around the pivot axle on one of the trays and two axle portions extending on each side of the protrusion. On the other tray, 1) a pair of protruding elements pivotally positioned on the opposite sides of the pivot axle and the opposing sides of the protruding side are constructed in the hinge so that the protruding elements are separated by the protruding side and the axle.

According to still another feature of the invention, a plurality of coincident pin holes are formed in at least one tray. A thin film is constructed across the match pin holes to seal the match pin holes and prevent the casting material from filling the match pin holes. The thin film is broken by the match pin inserted into the match pin hole and the match pin extends through the thin film.

According to the present invention, there is also provided a method for forming a dental model. According to the method, prepared and facing models of prepared and facing teeth on the upper and lower trays of the dental articulator are formed. The preparation model includes a model of the preparation tooth to accommodate the dental prosthesis. The opposite model includes a model of the tooth facing the preparation tooth.

According to another feature of the invention, the upper and lower trays pivot around a hinge integrally formed with the trays. The hinge comprises a first part having a protruding side surrounding the axle and opposing sides of the protruding side and a second part having movably arranged and opposing protruding elements on the opposing sides of the axle.

According to another feature of the invention, the matching pin is pressed through a thin film extending across the matching pin hole on at least one of the upper and lower trays constituting the dental articulator so that the matching pin breaks the thin film and is thin. It extends through the membrane.

Further features of the present invention are provided for illustration and are understood by the following detailed description with reference to the drawings.

The invention is described with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. The description of the above embodiments does not limit the scope of the invention. Modifications and variations of the present invention, which can be considered to be performed by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention, fall within the principles and scope of the present invention.

1 through 29, a dental modeling and jointing system or device 10 and components according to the present invention are shown for replicating a patient's mouth for use in the production of a dental prosthesis. The dental prosthesis includes crowns, bridges, caps (basis) for CAD / CAM production, inlays, onlays and other restorative dental work elements. Include. The dental modeling and articulation system or device 10 has a pair of trays, such as upper and lower trays 11 and 12 pivoted to each other. The trays 11 and 12 are die receiving surfaces such as the die receiving surfaces 13 and 14 at the upper and lower portions thereof, respectively.

Trays 11 and 12 or die receiving surfaces 13 and 14 receive die castings and models of dental cast material and patient mouth. The lower tray 12 and the lower die receiving surface 14 accommodate a preparation model 15 for one or more preparation teeth or a lower mold (FIGS. 17 and 20A). A model of the prosthetic die 16 or the preparation tooth (of FIGS. 17 and 20A) is included in the preparation model 15 to accommodate the dental prosthesis. Thus, the lower tray 12 and the lower die receiving surface 14 accommodate the preparation model of the tooth to be worked on. The upper tray 11 and the upper die receiving surface 13 receive an opposing model 17 of the patient's opposing teeth or an upper mold (FIGS. 17 and 20A) facing the preparation tooth. The opposite model 17 includes a model of the tooth facing the preparation tooth.

Terms relating to trays and die receiving surfaces, such as “upper” and lower, are not necessarily coincident with the teeth of the upper and lower parts of the patient. The lower tray is a working or prepared tray and matches the teeth of the upper or lower part of the patient. It is most convenient to position the tray as the lower tray as a preparation tray, similarly the upper tray is the opposite tray and the opposite model (see Figs. 17 and 20A). 17) (Figs. 17 and 20A) The upper and lower trays may have different shapes or similar shapes. Most dental operations require only prosthetics for the upper or lower part of the mouth. It is typically necessary to have one lower or work tray, etc. Both the upper and lower portions of the mouth require prosthetics or the like. In the case of, and the two lower trays it may be bonded to each other.

The trays 11 and 12 pivot about each other between the closed and open states. In the closed state, the trays 11 and 12 are generally located opposite each other and spaced apart from each other as in FIG. 1A. The die receiving surfaces 13 and 14 are located facing each other in a sealed state. In the open state, the trays 11 and 12 are pivoted apart from each other as in FIG. 1B. The closed state corresponds to or closes the mouth of the patient (as in FIG. 17) and the models or dies of the patient's teeth are sealed to each other. The dies or models of the patient tooth may be separated by an open state to produce a dental prosthesis or the like. In addition, the trays 11 and 12 may be detachably connected so that the trays 11 and 12 may be separated. The trays 11, 12 may be provided separately (as in FIG. 1B) during or before use.

The trays 11, 12 may have a pair of arms or upper and lower arms 18, 19 extending from one of the trays to the hinge 20. Thus, the arms 18 and 19 keep the trays 11 and 12 spaced apart from each other in a closed state. The lower arm 18 extends upwards and backwards and the upper arm 19 extends downwards and rearwards. The hinge is thus arranged at the rear of the tray. The lower arm 18 also includes a pair of lower arms 18a and 18b, and the upper arm includes a pair of upper arms 19a and 19b. The device 10 thus comprises a pair of hinges 20a, 20b arranged between different pairs of arms. The lower arms 18a and 18b and the upper arms 19a and 19b also extend outwardly and laterally from the trays 11 and 12 so that the pair of hinges 20a and 20b are spaced apart from each other. Spaced hinges 20a, 20b further increase stability with respect to the movement of the trays. The tray and arms can be integrally configured.

The trays 11 and 12 and the arms 18 and 19 are pivotally connected and attachably connected by the hinge 20. The hinge 20 is located between the trays 11, 12 and the arms 18, 19. The hinge 20 is also configured integrally with the trays 11, 12 and the arms 18, 19. A portion of hinge 20 is constituted by each tray or arm. Thus, the hinge is provided as a hinge of a two part structure and one part formed of the lower arm and the lower tray and the other part formed of the upper tray and the upper arm. It is also possible for the hinge 20 or parts of the hinge to snap to each other when used (as shown in FIG. 1A). Hinges 20 or trays 11 and 12 may be separated if necessary (as shown in FIG. 1A). Arms 18 and 19 and hinges 20 allow device 10 to operate along the opening and closing functions of the mouth.

21 to 29, the hinges 20a and 20b include pivot axles 22a and 22b. The pivot axles are arranged in alignment. The protruding side 24 divides the pivot axle and forms two axle portions extending from both sides of the protruding side 24 and partially extended around the pivot axles 22a and 22b. The protruding side 24 extends around the axles 22a and 22b as shown in the figure. The protruding side 24 also extends between the arm and the axle to attach the axle to the arm. The axle and the protruding side form the first part of the hinge. The second portion of the hinge comprises a pair of protruding elements 26a and 26b, which protruding elements 26a and 26b extend from another arm and pivotally connect and secure the first part of the hinge. The protruding elements 26a and 26b secure the protruding sides 24 and the axles 22a and 22b. The protruding elements 26a, 26b are thus arranged to pivot on opposite sides of the axles 22a, 22b and the protruding side 24. The protruding elements 26a and 26b are slidably supported with respect to the axle and the protruding element. The hinges therefore give a firm or firm feel and impede improper movement between the trays. Limited motion of the upper tray 11 with respect to the lower tray 12 is allowed by the hinge 20 to simulate movement of the jawbone, including movement towards the center, transverse motion and protrusion.

The protruding elements 26a, 26b or inner surfaces of the protruding elements are bent or curved in curvature toward an in-plane perpendicular to the pivot axle. The protruding elements thus form a curve around the axle. The protruding elements 26a and 26b also form a pivot opening 28 to receive the pivot axles 22a and 22b. Thus, the pivot opening 28 is circular in order to accommodate the circular configuration of the pivot axle. A gap 30 is also formed between the distal ends of the protruding elements 26a and 26b, which gap forms an inlet to the pivot opening 28. The gap 30 is configured to be narrower than the pivot opening 28 so that the axles 22a and 22b are inserted into the pivot opening 28 through the gap 30 and the axle is maintained in the pivot opening. The gap 30 has a tapered structure with a relatively wide inlet to accommodate the axle. In addition, the protruding elements are flexible so that the axles are pressurized or drawn out to the pivot opening 28 under load, but the distal ends of the protruding elements are spaced apart by the material and size of the protruding elements to maintain the axle in the pivot opening during use. 30). The projecting elements 26a, 26b are also arranged laterally spaced apart to form the space 32 to accommodate the projecting side 24.

Referring to FIG. 24, at least a portion of the axles 22a and 22b are surrounded by curved channels 34. When the trays 11 and 12 pivot relative to each other, one of the protruding elements 26a and 26b moves in the channel 34. The channel further provides additional support and rigidity for the hinge. Although the protruding element is positioned in channel 34 in a closed state to secure the protruding element in the channel, the trays can be separated out of the channel in the open state.

Stops 36a, 36b are formed on hinge 20 or arms 18, 19 and are arranged to be supported when the trays are in a closed position to hold the trays in a suitable position.

The hinge and its components are integrally formed with the trays 11 and 12 and the arms, eliminating the need for harmful adhesives and curing accelerators.

The hinge 20 allows the upper tray 11 to move toward or away from the lower tray 12. Thus, when the dental molds 15 and 17 are arranged on the upper and lower trays (as shown in FIGS. 17 and 20A), it is possible to simulate the opening and closing movement of the patient's jawbone. It is also possible to pivot the upper tray 11 away from the lower tray on the lower mold 15 during operation.

As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the lower arms 18a, 18b have opposite or different parts of the hinge 20. For example, one of the arms 18a includes a pair of protruding elements 26a and 26b, and the other of the arms 18b includes a protruding side 24 and a pivot axle 22. 2 and 3, similarly, one of the upper arms 19a includes a protruding side 24 and a pivot axle 22 and the other arm 19b is a protruding element 26a, 26b. ) Pairs. Therefore, the pair of lower trays 12 are connected to each other.

One or both trays, such as the lower tray 11, also include an arrangement of mating pin holes 40 for receiving the mating pins 42 fixed to the molds as shown in FIG. Matching pinholes 40 are arranged in a single row aligned along the longitudinal direction of the tray and arranged in the center of the tray. The mating pin holes 40 and the mating pins 42 are slightly tapered in order to fix and easily arrange the pins in the hole, so that no motion is formed between the two parts. The mating pin holes extend inwardly from the die receiving surface into the tray and are reduced. Matching pinholes 40 are arranged and uniformly spaced in rows extending parallel to the rows of matching supports as described below. Another coining pin hole 41 is formed in the free end of the tray to fix the left or right side of the upper and lower dental arches. Further matching pinholes 41 can be configured at the free end for the curved portions of the impression for the front teeth.

15 and 20, the matching pin 42 may be arranged inside the matching pin holes 40 and 41. The mating pin 42 is provided as a brass dowel pin with a head, and outside of the culling structure that can be fixed into the cast mold or model 15 (see FIG. 17 and FIG. 20A). A side is configured on the pin. The other end of the dowel pin has a base and the base has a smooth outer cylindrical or truncated surface, and the surface is removed from or inserted into the coin pin hole. Referring to FIG. 20, a side view is provided in which the tray support members 11, 12 pivot and rotate relative to each other. The coincidence pins 42 are arranged in the coincidence pin holes 40, 41. Casting material is poured in place over the bed of the tray.

8, 10, 11, 14 to 16 and 20, the concave portion 43 having a circular groove structure is centered at a position near the lower portion of the matching pin hole 40 or the lower portion of the tray. The recess 43 is provided with a depth for accommodating the distal end of the mating pin 42 when inserted into the mating pin hole 40. The technician's finger or thumb ends are received in the recess 43 to push the matching pin 42 out of the matching pin hole 40 and thus to push the prosthetic die 16 from the tray. By the concave portion 43, the technician can press the end of the matching pin 42 smoothly and smoothly, thereby easily removing the prosthetic die 16 and the prosthetic tool work. In the initial stages of pottery still wet, the prosthetic die 16 needs to be removed from the tray and subsequently removed from the lower tray in operation to connect and disconnect the prosthetic die 16. When the wet pottery is not solid, the pottery is fragile. The concave portion 43 easily removes the coining pins 42 from the coining pin hole 40, and as a result, prosthesis from the prosthetic die 16 (or work / master die) in the initial molding stage of the pottery. The workbench is removed.

Referring to FIGS. 14A and 14B, a thin film 44 is arranged across one or more coincident pin holes 40. The thin film 44 prevents the action of sealing the match pin holes 40 and 41 and filling the match pin holes. The thin film 44 has a material and thickness that can be sculpted or broken by the mating pin 42 when inserted into the mating pin hole and / or pressed against the thin film. The thin film 44 has a thickness sufficient to seal the mating pin holes 40 and 41 and is easily sculpted by inserting and pressing the mating pin 42 by the finger end from the side of the die receiving surface to the bottom surface of the tray. It can have a thickness. Optionally, a tool or the like may be used to pin the membrane. The thin film has a thickness of 0.002 to 0.003 inches (0.06 to 0.08 mm).

In addition, a thin film 44 is arranged and the size of the match pin 42 is determined so that the match pin 42 extends through the thin film 44. The thin film 44 is made of the same material as the tray and integrally formed with the tray. The thin film 44 is located close to the bottom of the mating pin holes 40 and 41. For example, a thin film 44 is arranged between the mating pin hole 40 and the recess 43. Positioning close to the bottom of the coincidence pin holes 40 and 41 facilitates manufacturing operations during the injection molding process.

Optionally referring to FIGS. 14C, 19A and 30D, the thin film is arranged on top of the mating pin holes 40 and 41 and the die receiving surface 14 as desired. For example, a thin film 44b is made separately from the tray and attached to the tray. On top of the coincidence pin holes 40, 41, a thin film 44b is attached to the die receiving surface. The thin film 44b may be attached by adhesive, ultrasonic welding, or the like.

The thin films 44 and 44b seal the mating pin holes 40 and 41 and have advantages over the mating pin holes in the open state. For example, when the negative impression filled with the casting material is inverted onto the tray, the semi-liquid casting material can be moved into the hole by the open mating pin hole. When the casting material is cured, the casting material sticks to the hole and makes it difficult and difficult to initially separate the dies separated from the tray support members. However, sealed mating pinholes are sealed at one end by a thin film and form an air pocket in the hole when the impression filled with casting material is inverted onto the tray. The air pocket prevents the casting material from slowly moving into the mating pin hole, making the die removing operation easy and clean, and eliminating the initial destruction of the tray. When the initial demolition work and the repeated joining and disengaging of the prosthesis dies to the tray are eliminated, the die-receiving surface of the tray is always kept clean and the dies separated on the tray support member are secured, accurate and rigid. The dies can be re-matched, resulting in a suitable spatial arrangement of the dies that are separated for the remainder of the dental mold.

As described above, a work tray or tray for accommodating the prosthetic die 16 for forming the model of the tooth to be worked is provided as the lower tray 12 and faces the receiving model 17. The tray in position may be provided as the upper tray 11. Thus, the lower tray 12 can accommodate a model of the teeth above or below the patient. The trays have a rectangular elongated shape to accommodate models for one side of the user's teeth. Referring to FIG. 1B, the upper tray 11 has a relatively simple structure, function, and design compared to the lower tray 12. It is rare to demand simultaneously on both upper and lower teeth. Therapeutic prosthesis for both upper and lower teeth is simultaneously required in less than 3 of 100 cases. If the prosthesis must be prepared for both upper and lower teeth, the two lower trays 12 can be coupled to each other. A simple upper tray 11 is required to fix the upper mold or the opposite model in a rigid fixed state. The container portion of the groove structure forming the perimeter wall 48 extending around the tray and forming the container structure is formed on the upper die receiving surface 13 of the upper tray 11. After the casting material is cured, a fixing structure 50 may be formed on the surface 13 of the upper tray 11 to fix the mold with internal stability.

1A, 7 and 20A, the lower tray 12 includes a container portion, the container portion is formed by the perimeter wall 52, and the casting material is poured into the container portion. Perimeter walls 52 and 48 have a wavy profile or have an inner surface of a wavy cross section. The wavy profile has a plurality of curved or stringed recesses to form curved or stringed protrusions in the casting material or model. Curved and convex protrusions in the casting material have relatively little breakage or chip generation. Broken or chipped casting material is positioned between the lower tray 12 and the dies 15 and 16 to prevent proper positioning of the dies in the separated state. The curved wall is advantageous over notched-edge or saw blade serrations, reducing the wear and tear from repositioning prosthetic dies repeatedly during operation. The wall 52 also holds and holds the dies and provides minimal retention resistance, eliminating extra accessories such as separators, stands, hammers, etc. that may be required in other cases.

Referring to Figures 7 and 9A, the angle of the wall 52 in the lower tray 12 is provided relatively wider in order to easily separate the dies 15 and 16. (FIG. 20A). Also included in the lower tray 12 is a matching structure 56 arranged on the die receiving surface 14 and arranged from the free end to the hinged end. The coincidence structure 56 has a hexagonal cross section. The hexagonal cross-section of the mating structure 56 maintains the dies 15-17 in proper alignment. Relatively small structures are located close to the free ends and relatively large structures are located close to the hinge ends. Relatively small structures have a smaller diameter than mating pin holes. Matching structures form cavities that taper inwardly and upwardly along the length of the structure and are retained internally within the mold. The center of the structure may be laterally aligned with the center of the coincident pinholes in the coincident proximity. Aligning the structures with coincident pin holes allows each mold or die to have at least one pin and more than one structure, even for small teeth such as premolar. The molds are thus entirely divided by structures and cavities and are not partially sawed from the parts of the proximal position, so that maximum matching stability is formed without even intervening and distance to small teeth such as the premolar. Located on the hinge side and relatively large structures are allowed for molar teeth and relatively small structures are allowed for small teeth such as premolar, awl and front teeth. Relatively large teeth are evenly spaced apart and wider apart, while relatively small structures are evenly spaced apart and narrower apart. Except for the mating structures and the mating holes, the die receiving surface 14 may be flat and form a stable flat base for accommodating the mold stone material to form a dental mold.

1, 2, 18, a hole 60 is formed in one of the trays or arms, and a receiving area 62 is formed in the other of the trays or arms. A hole 60 and a receiving area 62 are formed in the connection area between the tray and the arms. A vertical stop bar 64 located rearward is received through the hole 60 and supported in the receiving area 62. The vertical stop bar 64 is fixed in the hole 60 so that the rod increases stability for the case of having a tooth support that is not supported against the opposing mold.

The apparatus and methods used for impression modeling of quadrant structures are described, and similar apparatus and methods are used for full arc-shaped impression modeling with reference to FIGS. 30A-30C. All features of the quadrant top tray 11 and bottom tray 12 are reflected in the complete arc-shaped tray 90. U-shaped lower and upper support members are included in the tray 90 to accommodate impression molds for the entire mouth of the patient.

According to the method of forming a dental model and using the apparatus 10, 90, the preparation model of the preparation teeth 15 is formed on the lower tray 12 and the teeth of the teeth facing the upper tray 11 of the dental articulator are formed. Form the opposite model 17. The preparation model 11 includes a model of the preparation tooth for accommodating the dental prosthesis, and the model 17 facing each other includes a model of the tooth facing the preparation tooth. In order to construct the models 15, 17, an impression 100 (of FIG. 1B) is obtained for at least a portion of the patient's teeth. Typically the impression 100 is made by a dentist and according to the prior art the dentist arranges the moldable material on a tray back and allows the patient to bite the molding material, leaving a negative impression on the patient teeth. The impression includes a staging side with an impression of the preparation teeth for receiving a dental prosthesis and a side facing the impression of the teeth facing the preparation tooth. The impression is typically provided to the dental technician.

The impression 100 is arranged between the upper and lower trays 11, 12 of the dental articulator 10, 90. A dental mold material is inserted between the opposing side and the upper tray 11 of the impression 100 to form the opposing model 17 of the opposing teeth. For example, a dental casting material is arranged in the opposite side of the impression 100 and on the upper tray 11. Opposite sides of the impression 100 are arranged on the upper tray 11 so that the dental casting material extends between and forms an opposing model 17 of opposing teeth. The side of the impression 100, typically with the preparation tooth, faces the lower tray 12. Thus, the lower tray 12 receives the ready side of the impression 100 regardless of whether the upper or lower teeth receive the dental prosthesis.

Similarly, a dental casting material is inserted between the preparation side of the impression 100 and the lower tray 12 to form the preparation model 15 of the preparation tooth. For example, a dental casting material is arranged in the ready side of the impression 100 and on the lower tray 12. The lower tray 12 is arranged on the preparation side of the impression 100 so that the dental casting material extends between and forms the preparation model 15 of the preparation tooth. The impression 100 is separated from the dental articulators 10, 100 leaving behind the prepared models 17, 15 facing each other on the upper and lower trays 11, 12.

The impression 100 is first inverted on the upper tray 11 and an opposite model 17 is first formed. The impression 100 is inverted on the lower tray 12 and attached to the opposing model 17 and the upper tray 11 to form the preparation model 15. Thus, as a result of the impression provided by the dentist, the resulting ready and facing models 15, 17 are mounted in the dental articulator by the bite. Optionally, the prepared model is formed first, and the opposite model is formed next.

In order to form the prosthesis die 16, the preparation model 15 is formed separately on the sides corresponding to the preparation teeth. Thus the upper and lower trays 11, 12 (as shown in FIG. 20A) accommodate the respective upper and lower molds or the prepared models 17, 15 facing each other. In practice, the technician cuts the molds 15 and 17 to form and separate the master or prosthesis die 16 to be worked on. The models 15 and 17 are divided and cut so that each segmented portion is retained inside coincident with at least one matching pin 42 (or without a matching pin) and at least two matching structures 56. Have at least two cavities. Separated parts are removed and inserted in the correct positions on the trays to re-form the initial impression model and the configuration of the upper and lower trays to each other.

According to a feature of the invention, the dental articulator 10, 90 is obtained by upper and lower trays 11, 12 connected pivotally to each other by a hinge 20, the hinge 20 being connected to a tray. It can be configured integrally. Protruding elements 26a, 26b arranged removably on the first side with the protruding side 24 surrounding the pivot axle 22 and on the opposing side of the axle 22 and on the opposing side of the protruding side 24. A second portion comprising a may be configured in the hinge.

The upper and lower trays 11 and 12 pivot around the hinge 20 integrally formed with the tray. Therefore, the upper tray is pivoted in an open state so as to approach the prosthetic die 16. In addition, the upper tray pivots in a sealed state to check the gap between the dental prosthesis and the opposing model 17 on the prosthetic die 16.

According to another feature of the invention, a dental articulator 10 having a thin membrane 44, 44b extending across the mating pin holes 40, 41 within at least one tray, such as the lower tray 12. 90) is obtained. In one of the trays, such as the lower tray 12, the matching pin 42 is located in the matching pin hole 40,41. For example, at least one matching pin 42 is positioned at a position corresponding to the preparation tooth and the prosthesis die 16. Other matching pins may also be located on both sides of the prosthetic die 16. The coincidence pin is most advantageously positioned when working with a dental model. The match pin 42 is pressed through the thin films 44 and 44b extending across the match pin holes 40 and 41 so that the match pin breaks the thin film and extends through the thin film. As described above, the thin film is arranged at a position close to the upper portion of the matching pin hole or the lower portion of the matching pin hole.

A preparation model 15 of the preparation tooth is constructed on the mating pin 42 on the tray 12 of the articulator. For example, a dental casting material is poured onto the matching pin 42. Also, in order to prevent the dental casting material from filling the matching pin hole, the dental casting material is arranged on the matching pin hole 40, 41, and the thin film 44, 44b is integrally formed with the tray and the matching pin is Extending across the hole.

According to a feature of the invention, a dental casting material is arranged around the mating structure 56 in at least one tray, such as the lower tray 12. As described above, the coincidence pin structure 56 has a prosthesis die 16 having a hexagonal cross section and a hexagonal cross section forming holes in the preparation model 15. Hexagonal cross-section of the structure in order to prevent movement of the preparation model 15 and the prosthetic die 16 and to properly position and orient the prosthetic die 16 and the preparation model 15 in the lower tray 12. And holes coincide.

According to a feature of the invention, the dental casting material is arranged in at least one of the upper and lower trays 11, 12 by the container portion formed by the perimeter walls 48, 52. Perimeter walls 48 and 52 have a wavy profile with a plurality of arcuate recesses. The wavy profile coincides with the wavy profile in the prosthetic die 16 and the models 15, 17 for proper orientation of the die and die in the trays. Curved protrusions formed in the die 16 and the models 15, 17 are also formed in the curved recesses to prevent chipping and thus remove pieces that interfere with the fit between the trays, the models and the die. .

The dental casting material is poured into the semi-liquid state and the dental casting material is arranged in the upper and lower trays 11 and 12 and the impression 100. After the dental casting material has cured, dried and solidified, the impression 100 is removed.

A small torch heats a set of bite arms slightly to soften the material of the arm, and then sets the correct bite by hand when the bite arm is still hot and the "re-bite" technique is employed by the device of the present invention. Can be provided. As the material cools the arms harden in the correct position.

The above embodiments merely illustrate examples for applying the principles of the present invention. Numerous modifications and variations can be provided within the spirit and scope of the invention. Although the invention is illustrated in the drawings and described in detail by the preferred embodiments of the invention, many embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the invention.

Claims (17)

In a dental articulator for replicating at least a portion of a patient's mouth to produce a dental prosthesis, a) having a pair of trays pivotally connected to one another, the trays being Iii) a sealed state in which trays face each other and are spaced apart; Ii) the trays are pivoted in an open state in which the trays are pivoted apart from each other, b) has a hinge configured integrally with the trays and located between the trays, the hinge being Iii) a pivot axle connected to one of the trays, Ii) having a protruding side extending at least partially around the pivot axle and forming two axle portions, the axle portions extending at each side of the protruding side, Iv) comprising a pair of protruding elements connected to one of the trays and pivotally positioned on opposite sides of the pivot axle and opposite sides of the protruding side and separated by the axle and the protruding side; Articulator. The method of claim 1 further comprising a) a pair of lower arms extending from the lower tray, b) a pair of upper arms extending from the upper tray, c) a pair of hinges respectively arranged between the different parts of the upper and lower arms and d) A dental articulator having a hinge pair comprising a pair of pivot axles, wherein the pivot axles are collinear. The method of claim 1 wherein the hinge is further A dental articulator comprising a curved channel surrounding a portion of the axle and movably receiving one of the protruding elements. In a dental articulator for replicating at least a portion of a patient's mouth to produce a dental prosthesis, a) having a pair of trays pivotally connected to one another, the trays being Iii) a sealed state in which trays face each other and are spaced apart; Ii) the trays are pivoted in an open state in which the trays are pivoted apart from each other, b) a plurality of coincident pin holes formed in at least one tray, c) a thin film arranged across the matching pin holes, configured to seal the matching pin holes and to prevent the dental casting material from filling the matching pin holes, d) Dental articulator, characterized in that the thin film is destroyed by the matching pin inserted into the matching pin hole when the mating pin extends through the thin film. 5. The dental articulator of claim 4 wherein the thin film is integral with the tray. 5. The articulator of claim 4, wherein a thin film is made separately from and attached to the tray. The dental articulator according to claim 4, wherein the thin membrane is arranged in close proximity to the bottom of the coincident pin hole. A dental articulator according to claim 4, wherein a thin film is arranged on the die receiving surface of the at least one trays. The method of claim 4, further comprising And a plurality of concave portions located at the lower portion of the coining pin hole and having a depth to receive the distal end of the coining pin extending through the coining pin hole. In a dental articulator for replicating at least a portion of a patient's mouth to produce a dental prosthesis, a) having a pair of trays pivotally connected to one another, the trays being Iii) a sealed state in which trays face each other and are spaced apart; Ii) the trays are pivoted in an open state in which the trays are pivoted apart from each other, b) has a hinge configured integrally with the trays and located between the trays, the hinge being Iii) a pivot axle connected to one of the trays, Ii) having a protruding side extending at least partially around the pivot axle and forming two axle portions, the axle portions extending at each side of the protruding side, Iii) comprising a pair of protruding elements connected to one of the trays and pivotally positioned on opposite sides of the pivot axle and on the opposite side of the protruding side and separated by the axle and the protruding side, c) a plurality of coincident pin holes formed in at least one tray, d) a thin membrane arranged across the matching pin holes, configured to seal the matching pin holes and to prevent the dental casting material from filling the matching pin holes, e) Dental articulator, characterized in that the thin film is destroyed by the matching pin inserted into the matching pin hole when the mating pin extends through the thin film. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one dental tray is further Dental articulator having a matching structure having a hexagonal cross section. The method of claim 1, wherein the at least one dental tray is further A dental articulator having a vessel portion defined by a perimeter wall, wherein the perimeter wall includes a corrugated profile having a plurality of arc-shaped recesses. a) forming ready and facing models of prepared and facing teeth on the upper and lower trays of the dental articulator, the preparation model comprising a model of the preparation tooth for accommodating the dental prosthesis and the facing model being prepared Including a model of the tooth facing the tooth, b) pivoting the upper and lower trays around a hinge integral with the trays and movably arranged on opposite sides of the axle and on the first side with the protruding side surrounding the axle and on the protruding side; And a second part having a protruding element facing each other, the step of being included in the hinge. How to produce dental models a) pressing the match pin through a thin film extending across the match pin hole on at least one of the upper and lower trays of the dental articulator such that the match pin breaks the thin film and extends through the thin film; b) on the tray of the dental articulator, to prepare a preparation model of the prepared tooth on the piña, and the prepared tooth preparation model accommodates the dental prosthesis, c) forming a facing model of the facing teeth on the facing tray of the dental articulator, the facing model of the facing teeth facing the prepared tooth. How to produce dental models a) obtaining an impression of at least a portion of the patient's tooth, the impression comprising a side prepared with the impression of the preparation tooth to receive the dental prosthesis and a side facing the impression of the tooth facing the preparation tooth; , b) obtaining a dental articulator having upper and lower trays pivotally connected by hinges integral with the trays, the first part having the protruding side surrounding the axle and the opposing sides of the protruding side; A second portion of the hinge is included in the hinge, the second portion having a movable element arranged above and facing each other, wherein a thin film extending across the mating pin hole in the lower tray is configured in the dental articulator, c) arranging the dental casting material in the opposite side of the impression and on the upper tray, d) arranging opposite sides of the impression on the upper tray, extending the dental casting material and forming opposite models of opposite teeth, e) arranging the matching pins in the matching pin holes in the lower tray, arranging at least one matching pin at the position corresponding to the prepared tooth, f) pressing the coincident pin through a thin membrane extending across the matching pin hole, g) arranging the dental casting material on the lower tray and in the prepared side of the impression, h) arranging the lower tray on the prepared side of the impression, extending the dental casting material and forming a prepared model of the prepared tooth, I) removing the impression from the dental articulator. The method of claim 15, wherein the step of injecting the dental casting material is further Arranging a dental casting material around the matched structure in at least one tray, wherein the matched structures have a hexagonal cross section. The method of claim 15, wherein injecting the dental casting material further comprises Arranging the dental casting material in a container portion defined by the perimeter wall, the perimeter wall having a corrugated profile having a plurality of arcuate recesses.