KR200492288Y1 - Multi-functional bipv windows system - Google Patents

Abstract

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-functional BIPV system that can increase the power production efficiency of the BIPV system and prevent both cooling loads in summer and condensation in winter.
In accordance with the above purpose, the present invention installs a double-sided solar cell between the front glass and the rear glass, and increases power generation efficiency by forming a reflective layer on the rear glass, and forms a transparent electrode on the rear glass surface disposed toward the interior or A multi-functional BIPV system capable of preventing condensation is provided by further disposing a heating glass with a transparent electrode on the rear side, that is, the side in contact with the room.

Description

Multi-functional BIPV window system {MULTI-FUNCTIONAL BIPV WINDOWS SYSTEM}

The present invention relates to a BIPV window system that applies solar power generation to the windows of a building, but efficiently uses energy by operating a solar power generation facility by BIPV windows.

Solar power generation is widely spread as a representative eco-friendly energy supply means. In particular, the BIPV module, which acquires energy by attaching solar cells to the exterior walls or windows of a building, is a building-integrated type, and thus serves as a building exterior material as well as a power generation system. Such a BIPV module must have structural safety and durability as a building exterior material, and as a power generation system, it must have continuous electric power generation performance and electrical safety that can protect facilities and people from electrical disasters. Buildings with BIPV modules should be able to see the outside landscape by appropriately adjusting the transparency of the window, while blocking the inflow of light to some extent to reduce the cooling burden in summer.

On the other hand, in the case of winter, condensation occurs in the window where the BIPV module is installed, causing a problem to be repaired.

Korean Patent Registration No. 10-1506590 describes a multilayer glass equipped with a solar cell and a planar heating element, but the planar heating element is made of a material such as carbon black, so that a transparent window cannot be formed.

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-functional BIPV system that optimizes power generation and consumption of a window system to which a BIPV module is applied.

That is, the object of the present invention is to provide a multi-functional BIPV system capable of increasing the power production efficiency of the BIPV system and preventing both cooling loads in summer and condensation in winter.

In accordance with the above purpose, the present invention installs a double-sided solar cell between the front glass and the rear glass, and increases power generation efficiency by forming a reflective layer on the rear glass, and forms a transparent electrode on the rear glass surface arranged toward the interior, or Provides a multi-functional BIPV system that can prevent condensation by further disposing a heating glass with a transparent electrode on the rear side, that is, the side in contact with the room.

The present invention,

Front glass exposed to the outside;

A rear glass in contact with the room;

A double-sided solar cell installed between the front glass and the rear glass; And

It provides a multi-functional BIPV system that can increase power generation efficiency and reduce cooling load, including glass coated with a reflective layer.

In the above, it provides a multi-functional BIPV system, characterized in that the glass coated with the reflective layer is a rear glass or a separate double glass.

In the above, the reflective layer provides a multi-functional BIPV system, characterized in that having a pattern.

The present invention,

Front glass exposed to the outside;

A rear glass in contact with the room;

A double-sided solar cell installed between the front glass and the rear glass; And

It provides a multi-functional BIPV system comprising; color-changing glass including a color-changing material and a transparent electrode.

In the above, it provides a multi-functional BIPV system, characterized in that it further comprises a heating glass in which a transparent electrode is formed on the interior surface of the glass coated with the reflective layer.

In the above, it provides a multi-functional BIPV system, characterized in that it further comprises a heating glass in which a transparent electrode is formed on the interior surface inside the color change glass.

In the above, it provides a multi-functional BIPV system, characterized in that the power generated from the double-sided solar cell is supplied to the discolored glass or the heating glass including a control module.

In the above, the control module provides a multi-functional BIPV system comprising controlling the power supply of indoor lighting, and brightly controlling the illuminance of the indoor lighting when increasing the blocking amount of incident light by controlling the color change glass. .

According to the present invention, by applying a double-sided solar cell, it is possible to increase power generation efficiency by enabling all of the sunlight directed from the outside to the indoor as well as the light from the indoor to the outside to contribute to power generation.

In addition, according to the present invention, a heating glass is installed indoors to supply power generated from solar cells to the heating glass to eliminate condensation in winter, and a transparent electrode is installed on the heating glass so that the transmittance as a window is still maintained. .

To drive the double-sided solar cell, the reflective layer formed on the rear glass is also formed in a pattern shape to give the window aesthetics while maintaining the transmittance, and the amount of solar radiation is controlled by the application of a color-changing material to reduce the cooling load.

In addition, the heat shielding effect was enhanced by applying a low-e glass between the front glass and the rear glass.

In addition, the present invention is very convenient and efficient because it is possible to control the degree of discoloration of the discoloration glass or the amount of heat generated by the heating glass with electric power generated from a solar cell using a control module.

In addition, in the case of reducing the amount of incident light by controlling the color-changing glass, the present invention makes the indoor environment comfortable by allowing the control module to automatically adjust the indoor lighting to be bright.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a BIPV module to which a double-sided solar cell is applied according to the present invention.
2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing that a double-sided solar cell is applied and a low-E glass coated with a reflective layer is disposed inside the rear glass according to the present invention.
3 is a schematic diagram illustrating improvement of power generation efficiency of a double-sided solar cell by coating a reflective layer.
4 is a perspective view showing a BIPV module to which heating glass and low-E glass are applied according to the present invention.
5 is a photograph showing a BIPV window to which a color-changing glass is applied according to the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a BIPV module to which a color-changing glass is applied according to the present invention.
7 is a schematic diagram showing that power generated from a solar cell is controlled and used by a control module according to the present invention.
8 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a multifunctional BIPV window and door convergence system.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

1 is a cross-sectional view showing a BIPV module to which a double-sided solar cell according to the present invention is applied. The double-sided solar cell 100 is disposed between the front glass 200 facing the outside of the building and the rear glass 300 facing the interior to become one BIPV glass module, and a reflective layer 400 is formed on the rear glass 300 surface. Can be formed. When manufacturing the BIPV glass module, the double-sided solar cell 100 is sandwiched between the transparent film and sandwiched between the front glass 200 and the rear glass 300 again.

As will be described later, the reflective layer 400 may be formed in a pattern to have a light transmitting surface of about 10 to 30%. In addition, the reflective layer itself can be formed of a material that maintains translucency, so that the outside scenery can be seen through a window. The reflective coating material and formation method may be in accordance with known techniques.

The double-sided solar cell generates power by using light incident through the front glass 200 and also generates power through light reflected by the reflective layer 400 and light transmitted through the reflective layer indoors. Compared to the type solar cell, it can improve by more than 10% compared to the existing BIPV module.

In FIG. 2, it was shown that the reflective layer 400 is coated in a pattern such as a stripe, a square arrangement, and a rhombus arrangement so that light can be incident through the margin of the figure. In the upper left, the reflective layer is applied to the entire low-E glass surface, and the upper right is in a stripe pattern to explain that the light reflected by the reflective layer is absorbed by the double-sided solar cell and contributes to power generation. In the lower part of FIG. 2, it is illustrated that the reflective layer can be formed in various patterns, and in the case of a rhombus arrangement and a square arrangement, an aesthetic effect can be achieved, and light transmittances of 30% and 20%, respectively, can contribute to indoor illumination. . In the case of the stripe type, the transmittance is about 10%, but this value is adjusted by adjusting the line width or the like. In addition, various patterns such as circular, polygonal, amorphous, and specific shapes may be provided.

3 shows the configuration and function of the BIPV module to which the reflective layer is applied in more detail.

On the upper left, a general double glass is shown, and on the right, a double structured BIPV module is shown, and on the lower left, a double-sided solar cell module in which a double-sided solar cell is placed between the front glass and the back glass, and a blank space inside it. A BIPV module with double glass was shown, where a reflective layer was formed on the front of the rear glass (referred to as the side facing the outside) to promote power generation by double-sided solar cells. At the bottom right, it was seen that a reflective layer was formed on the double-sided solar cell module and the double-glazed glass arranged with a blank space. That is, by forming a reflective layer on the front of the double glass disposed inside, the reflected light was absorbed by the double-sided solar cell. The reflective layer may be patterned or may be full-coated.

4 shows a glass module for BIPV including a heating glass 500 for preventing condensation and a low-e glass 600 and 610. In the case of windows with solar cells, condensation caused by temperature differences between indoors and outdoors in winter is a major factor of consumer complaints. Therefore, it is desirable to place the heating glass 500 inside the room in contact with the room. The heating glass 500 forms a transparent electrode to maintain transparency, and power is applied thereto to generate heat. The transparent electrode can be formed by a deposition process known as ITO, IZO, ZnO, AZO.

The heating glass 500 is disposed on the innermost side in direct contact with the room, and two low-E glasses 600 and 610 are disposed, and a glass module coated with a reflective layer including the above-described double-sided solar cell 100 on the other side Can be placed.

The low-E glasses 600 and 610 and the heating glass 500 are assembled on an aluminum frame and finished with an insulating PVC cover, and a thermal break is installed. Since aluminum has good thermal conductivity, the thermal break is to provide a heat shielding effect by putting a material with poor thermal conductivity in the middle.

The temperature difference ratio TDR was controlled at 0.22 or less by the heating glass.

In the above, a transparent electrode is formed on the indoor surface of the heating glass to generate heat by using electric energy generated from a double-sided solar cell under a certain temperature.

5 is a photograph showing a BIPV module to which a color change material is applied to glass according to the present invention. That is, in order to reduce the cooling load in the summer, a color change material was applied to the glass to adjust it to various colors. The color change material is such as tungsten oxide (WO ₃ ) that causes electrochromism, and is manufactured as a module containing a glass substrate/transparent electrode/WO ₃ /solid electrolyte. It is preferable to place the discolored glass immediately after the heating glass 500. That is, as a whole, the BIPV module is constructed from indoors in the order of heating glass/discoloration glass/low-E glass with a reflective layer/double-sided solar cell/front glass.

In the above, the SHGC (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient) of the electrochromic glass was adjusted to be less than 0.4, and the visible light transmittance (shading effect) was adjusted to less than 20%.

Such a BIPV module can create an optimum state for the situation by controlling the degree of discoloration and heat generation through the control module.

In the case where the color-changing glass is applied in FIG. 6, the effect of blocking sunlight is compared in more detail. The incident sunlight is separated into visible light and infrared light, and on the upper left, both are partially absorbed in the general double glass, but almost transmitted, thereby increasing the cooling load in summer. In the case of the upper right, double-sided solar cells and double-glazed glass are installed to absorb some of the infrared (solar heat), but most of them are incident indoors, and visible rays are incident through places without solar cells, so in this case, the cooling load in summer is also significant. .

On the left side of the bottom, a reflective layer is coated on the rear glass and a double glass is placed. Most of the visible light is reflected by the reflective layer and is absorbed by the double-sided solar cell or sent to the outdoors, and some infrared rays pass through the reflective layer and enter the room. do. Therefore, even in this case, there is a need to reduce the cooling load in summer to some extent. At the bottom right, it was shown that the double-sided solar cell module was placed without coating a reflective layer on the rear glass of the double-sided solar cell, and a color-changing glass was placed instead of double-sided glass. In this case, both visible light and infrared light are reflected by the color-changing glass. In particular, if the degree of discoloration is enhanced by controlling the voltage applied to the transparent electrode of the color-changing glass, the reflectance of visible and infrared light can be increased, and thus the cooling load in summer can be greatly reduced.

7 is a schematic diagram showing that power generated from a solar cell is controlled and used by a control module according to the present invention.

By incorporating Internet of Things (IoT) technology into a multi-functional BIPV system, it is possible to reduce the heating and cooling load. It controls the discolored glass and the heating glass by using the electric energy generated by the double-sided solar cell. That is, the power applied to the discolored glass is controlled to reduce the degree of discoloration, thereby reducing the cooling load, and in winter, the amount of heat generated from the heating glass is controlled by controlling the power applied to the heating glass. The degree of discoloration and the amount of heat generated can be adjusted in conjunction with a temperature sensor so that power is automatically applied for a predetermined period of time when the control module exceeds a threshold value, and automatically shut off again to charge the generated energy.

In addition, when the light entering the room is blocked by applying power to the color-changing glass, the amount of natural light is reduced, so it is desirable for energy efficiency to control the illuminance of the indoor lighting.

8 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of a multifunctional BIPV window and door convergence system.

BIPV modules equipped with double-sided solar cells/discoloration glass/heating glass are charged and discharged through ESS (Energy Storage System). ESS, including lithium-ion batteries, charges and stores energy generated from solar cells in batteries and is supplied to various indoor electric devices. At this time, power is supplied to the discolored glass and the heating glass, and power is supplied to the discolored glass in summer and the heating glass in winter. The temperature sensor may be installed on the outdoor surface or both indoors and outdoors if necessary. Control module to differentiate the power supplied to the heating glass for each threshold by setting critical temperatures to differentiate the amount of power applied to the color-changing glass by temperature at or above a predetermined temperature, and by setting threshold values for the temperature difference between outdoors and indoors below a predetermined temperature Can be configured. As described above, the control of the amount of power for the color-changing glass may be linked with control of the illuminance of an indoor lighting lamp. By increasing the degree of discoloration of the color-changing glass, the more light transmission is blocked, the brighter the illumination is adjusted.

It is desirable to configure the control module so that the power supply to the color-changing glass and the heating glass can be set to be fully controlled as well as manually operated.

Such a multi-functional BIPV module and ESS can increase energy efficiency and provide a pleasant environment by controlling indoor lighting, humidity, and temperature.

The rights of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described above, but are defined by what is described in the claims, and that a person having ordinary knowledge in the field of the present invention can make various modifications and adaptations within the scope of the rights described in the claims. It is self-evident.

Double-sided solar cell (100)
Front Glass(200)
Back glass (300)
Reflective layer 400
Heating glass (500)
Low-e glass (600, 610)

Claims (4)

Heating glass in contact with the room;
A discolored glass that is arranged outside the heating glass and causes electrochromic;
A spacer for maintaining a space between the discolored glass and the low-E glass;
A low-E glass arranged on the outside of the color-changing glass to form a reflective layer coating that reflects light;
A double-sided solar cell arranged outside the low-E glass; And
BIPV module including; a front glass disposed outside the double-sided solar cell and exposed to the outside,
ESS (Energy Storage System) charging and discharging the BIPV module;
A control module for controlling the electric power applied to the discolored glass and the heating glass by grafting Internet of Things (IoT) technology; And
Includes; a temperature sensor connected to the control module,
Power generated by the double-sided solar cell is supplied to the color-changing glass and the heating glass,
Power applied to the heating glass is controlled by the control module in connection with a temperature sensor in winter to adjust the amount of heat emitted from the heating glass,
The power applied to the color-changing glass is controlled by the control module in connection with the temperature sensor in summer to reduce the cooling load by controlling the degree of discoloration, but in response to the reduction of natural light, the indoor lighting is also linked to Controls the illuminance of the lighting, and SHGC (Solar Heat Gain Coefficient) of the electrochromic glass is adjusted to 0.4 or less,
Multifunctional BIPV system, characterized in that the degree of discoloration and the amount of heat generated are automatically applied for a predetermined time when the value of the temperature sensor connected in the control module is higher than the threshold value and automatically shut off again to charge the power generation energy. . The method of claim 1, wherein the reflective layer coating is a front surface or a pattern such as a stripe, a square arrangement, a rhombus arrangement, so that light can be incident through the margin of the pattern figure, and has an effect of controlling light transmittance and an aesthetic effect due to the pattern. Multi-functional BIPV system, characterized in that. The multifunctional BIPV system according to claim 1, wherein the visible light transmittance (shading effect) of the electrochromic glass is adjusted to 20% or less. The temperature difference ratio TDR according to claim 1 (

) Is a multi-functional BIPV system, characterized in that to be controlled below 0.22.

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