KR20040107923A - Anion emitting glaze - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A glaze which generates anions is provided to give deodorizing, antibacterial and air cleaning effects to tiles, porcelain, roof tiles and the like, thereby improving the indoor environment pleasantly. CONSTITUTION: The glaze which generates anions comprises: a conventional glaze consisting of gloss oil, opaque oil, matt oil, crystal oil and color oil; a material containing a radioactive element and a pyroelectric material, wherein the radioactive element comprises K, Se, V, Rb, In, Te, La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Gd, Lu, Hf, Ta, Re, Os, Pt, Po, At, Fr, Ra, Ac, Th, Pa and U, and wherein the ultra-conductive material is tourmaline, garnet and strong dielectric material.

Description

Anion generating glaze

The present invention relates to functional glazes and in particular to glazes that generate anions.

Negative ions are negative ions in the air. When pure air is in a stable state, the ratio of anions and cations is about 1: 1.2. However, with the development of human civilization, the industrial development is getting farther away from the natural environment. The transition to the society of advanced industrialization is a condition where the ionic composition ratio of the steady state is destroyed by synthetic polymers, cement, electromagnetic waves, environmental pollution, etc., and the cations are predominant. As a result, it becomes a large particle mass having no activity. At this time, the number of ions in the large particle mass is remarkably reduced and worsens headache, tension, and the like.

Normally, city dwellers drink about 200 anions / cc (max.) Of negative ions, which is decreasing. Drinking 1000 pcs / cc of negative ions increases the activity of α waves in the brain and inhibits serotonin and free histamine. Negative ions promote the functioning of the whole body by keeping the three principles of health maintenance, such as blood purification, cell activation, and nerve regulation in harmony. If you stay in forests, valleys or waterfalls with a lot of negative ions for a long time, you can feel refreshed, refreshed, and feel better. Anions are therefore called "vitamins in the air."

Anion functions include deodorization, antibacterial, dehumidification, water softening (water), air cleaning, and the like. Representative materials for generating anions include tourmaline and rare earth minerals such as monazite that emit weak radiation. Tourmaline is electrically spontaneously polarized and, in the presence of moisture, discharges to electrolyze water and generate anions in the process. Radioactive elements decay and emit radiation such as α, β, and γ rays, which are the nucleus of helium, β rays are electron beams, and γ rays are electromagnetic waves with very short wavelengths. It is known that anion is released from a substance containing radioactive elements by ionizing a gas or a solid.

Japanese Patent Publication No. 2000-264715 discloses a vessel coated with a tourmaline-containing glaze, and Japanese Patent Publication 2001-104162 discloses an enamel coated with a tourmaline. 2001-181021 discloses pottery coated with glaze containing 5 to 80% of tourmaline. Korean Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2002-64265 discloses an anion-generating ceramic composition containing monazite powder containing a radioactive element. However, the glaze using only tourmaline does not have sufficient anion generation, and the addition of monazite powder containing radioactive elements to porcelain base is problematic in that the glaze blocks the generation of anion. On the other hand, there are a number of materials or products that spontaneously polarize materials such as tourmaline and materials containing radioactive elements such as monazite to promote the generation of anions (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-131529, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication). 2001-19420, Korea Patent Publication No. 2001-038856) These are all applied to paints, plastics, etc. There is no example applied to glaze of ceramics.

The present invention is to solve the problem that the conventional glaze used as an anion generating material is mostly tourmaline and the tourmaline itself is not enough to generate negative ions, the material containing a radioactive element in a spontaneous polarized superelectric material such as tourmaline It is an object to provide a glaze that can be added to generate a large amount of anions.

The present invention is achieved by an extremely simple method of adding radioactive element-containing materials and superelectric materials to ordinary glazes such as gloss oil, milk milk, matt oil, crystalline oil and color oil.

Radioactive elements used in the glaze according to the present invention include potassium (K), selenium (Se), vanadium (V), rubidium (Rb), indium (In), tellurium (Te), lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce). ), Neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), cadolinium (Gd), ruthenium (Lu), hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), rhenium (Re), osmium (Os), platinum (Pt), Polonium (Po), astaxin (At), francium (Fr), radium (Ra), actinium (Ac), thorium (Th), protac (Pa), uranium (U) and the like. Examples of the substance containing the radioactive element include potassium (K) -containing minerals, rare earth element-containing minerals, rare earth element oxides, uranium-containing minerals, thorium-containing minerals, zirconium minerals, and zincite.

A potassium-containing mineral is Sylvite (KCl), Sylvinite (KCl · NaCl), Carnallite (KCl · MgCl 2 · 6H 2 O), Harsalz (KCl · NaCl · MgSO 4 · H 2 O), Kainite (KCl · MgSO 4 · 3H ₂ O) chloride _{minerals, Glaserite (3K 2 SO 4 ·} 3H 2 O), Leonite (K 2 SO 4 · MgSO 4 · 4H 2 O), Schonite (K 2 SO4 · MgSO 4 · 6H 2 O , etc.), _{Langbenite (K 2 SO 4 · 2MgSO} 4), Polyhalite (K 2 SO 4 · MgSO 4 · 2CaSO 4 · 2H 2 O), Kalinite (K 2 SO 4 · Al 2 (SO 4) · 24H 2 O), Alunite ( Sulfates such as Alumite, K ₂ SO ₄ · 3 (Al ₂ O ₃ , SO ₃ ), 6H ₂ O), Jarosite (Iron Almeite, K ₂ SO 4 · 3 (Fe ₂ O ₃ , SO ₃ ), 6H ₂ O) Minerals and nitrate minerals (Nitre, KNO ₃ ), Potassium nephelite (K ₂ O · Al ₂ O ₃ · 2SiO ₂ ), Glauconite (Halite, K ₂ O · Fe ₂ O ₃ · 4SiO ₂ · xH ₂ O), Leucite ( White stone, K ₂ O · Al ₂ O ₃ · 4 SiO ₂ ), Orthoclase (potassium feldspar, K ₂ O · Al ₂ O ₃ · 6SiO ₂ ), Potassium liparite ((K, Na) ₂ O · Al ₂ O ₃ · 6SiO ₂ + (2 ~ 3) SiO ₂ ), Sericite (coccus mica, K ₂ O · 3Al ₂ O ₃ · 6SiO ₂ · 2H ₂ O), Phlogopite (gold mica, K ₂ O · MgO · Al ₂ O ₃ · 6SiO2 · 2H2O), B iotite may include silicate minerals such as _{(biotite, K 2 O · 4 (Mg} , Fe) O · 2 (Al, Fe) 2 O 3 · 4SiO 2 · H 2 O).

Rare earth-containing minerals include Fluocerite (tysonite), fluorite (ytttofluorite, yttrocerite), Gagarinite, Tveitite, Ancylite, Bubankite, Calkinsite, Carbocernaite, Donnayite, Ewaldite, Lanthanite, Mckelveyite, Sahamalite, tengerite, Vastnesite, Parisite Corisite, Cardylite, Huanghoite, Parisite, Synchysite, Zhonghuacerite, Aeschynite-priorite, Betafite, Brannerite, Cerianite, Cerotungsitite, Davidite, Allanite, Apatite, Monazite, Zircon, etc.

Uranium-containing minerals include Uraninite (UO ₂ ), Pitchblend (UO ₂ + U ₃ O ₈ ), Coffinite (U (SiO ₂ ) 1_x (OH) ₄ ), Brannerite (UTi ₂ O ₆ ), Carnotite (K ₂ (UO ₂ ) ₂ (VO ₄ ) ₃ H ₂ O), Tyuyamunite (Ca (UO ₂ ) (VO ₄ ) 25-8H ₂ O), Torbernite (Ca (UO ₂ ) ₂ (PO ₄ ) ₂ 12H ₂ O), Autunite (Ca (UO ₂ ) ₂ (PO ₄ ) ₂ · 10-12H ₂ O), Uranophan (Ca (VO ₂ ) ₂ (SiO ₃ ) ₂ ), and the like.

Monazite (Ce, La, Nd, Th) PO, Thorite, ThSiO, Thorianite, (ThU) O, Brannerite, (U, Ca, Ce) (Ti (Fe) O), Cerianite (CeTh) O, Loparrite, (Ce, Th, na, Ca) (Ti, Nb) O), Polymignite, (Ca, Fe, Y, Th) (Nb, Ti, Ta, Zr) O), Ytrotrosite (Yttrocrasite, (Y, Th, U, Ca) (Ti, Fe) (O, OH)), Zirkelite, (Ca, Th, U, Ce) Zr (Ti, Nb) O), Apatite, Ca (PO) F), Britholite, (Ca, Ce) (SiO PO) (OH, F)), Grayite, (Th, Pb, Ca, Ce) PO (HO), Hertite, ThSiO, etc. are mentioned.

Examples of the pyroelectric material used in the present invention include tourmaline, garnet and ferroelectric. Examples of ferroelectrics include BaTiO ₃ , PbZrO ₃ (zirconate), Pb (Ta _0.5 Fe _0.5 ) O ₃ (lead iron carbonate), SbSI (antimony sulfide), and PbTiO ₃ (lead titanate).

The amount of the radioactive element and the pyroelectric substance added to the glaze according to the present invention is not strictly limited. However, the radioactive element-containing substance 2 is contained in 30 to 95% by weight of ordinary glazes such as polished oil, milk milk, mat oil, crystalline oil and color oil. It is preferable to add -70 wt% and 3-70 wt% of the pyroelectric material. In the case where the content of radioactive element is high, the addition of 2% by weight or less can fully serve as an excitation agent, but when using a high purity radioactive element-containing material, it is not reasonable in terms of cost and contains a small amount of radioactive element. In the case of using a substance that is present, the generation of anions is not sufficient. On the contrary, if the radioactive element content exceeds 70% by weight, it is not reasonable in terms of price.

In the present invention, the pyroelectric material is also preferably within 3 to 70% by weight. If it is less than 3% by weight, the effect of the addition of the pyroelectric material is weak, and if more than 70% by weight is not reasonable in terms of price.

Now, the principle of generating anions in the anion generating adhesive according to the present invention will be described.

The positive and negative charges that appear when the crystal plate temperature is changed are also called pyro electricity. This property of crystals is also called superelectricity. Crystals are microscopically composed of several kinds of fine particles with positive and negative charges. Since the crystal is electrically neutral as a whole, unless externally charged, the total amount of positive and negative charges in the crystal is the same. However, the center of gravity of positive and negative charges may not coincide with the case of coincidence depending on the symmetry of the crystal. Inconsistent crystals are called polar crystals, which have electrical polarization in their natural state and are called spontaneous polarization in a broad sense. Since spontaneous polarization is generally temperature dependent, spontaneous polarization changes when the temperature of the polar crystal plate is changed, and positive and negative charges corresponding to the change appear on both sides of the plate. Such polar crystals all exhibit pyroelectricity. Representative pyroelectric materials include tourmaline. The tourmaline polarizes the tourmaline crystals into the + and-poles when heated, and discharges the moisture instantaneously when the tourmaline is in contact with moisture. At this time, water is electrolyzed and water molecules (H ₂ O) are separated into hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ) and hydroxyl ions (OH ⁻ ). The separated hydrogen ions (H ⁺ ) are attracted to the negative electrode and are combined with the electrons emitted therefrom to neutralize and become hydrogen gas (H ₂ ) to evaporate. That is, water becomes alkali ionization. Further hydroxyl ions (OH _-), in combination with the surrounding water molecules are surface-active substances, known as hydroxyl (H ₃ O ₂₎ anions. By this process, the negative ions are released. However, since most of the pyroelectric material alone does not generate anion or is extremely weak even if it is generated, it is not easy to use it as an anion generating material alone.

On the other hand, the radioactive element contained in the material containing the radioactive element used in the present invention is decomposed to emit radiation such as α-ray, β-rays, γ-rays, α-rays are helium nucleus, β-rays are electron particles Lines and gamma rays are electromagnetic waves with very short wavelengths, and both act to ionize gases and solids. The emission of radiation from radioactive elements is independent of the chemical form or physical state of the radioactive element. The anion generating material according to the present invention only needs to contain the radioactive element presented in the present invention, and the amount of anion generation is related to the total content of the radioactive element. For example, in the case of radioactive element K-40, the abundance ratio of isotope is 0.0118%. Therefore, when using mineral containing potassium (K), it is preferable to use mineral containing 5% or more of mineral, preferably 10%. Do. If the potassium content is low, the amount of radiation emitted is too small, the effect of generating negative ions is lowered.

Except for the concentration of radioactive elements that form a decay series, such as uranium, most of the radioactive element-containing minerals contain trace amounts of radioactive elements that form a decay series or emit weak radioactivity that is harmless to the human body. Although it is believed that, it is preferable to use a substance containing a radioactive element that emits radiation below the allowable radiation dose. For this reason, all substances containing radioactive elements can be used in the anion generating material of the present invention, and the amount of anions can be controlled by using radioactive element-containing substances having different kinds or contents of radioactive elements. However, radioactive elements alone do not have enough anions or are not reasonable in terms of price.

The generation of negative ions facilitates the release of negative ions by facilitating the ionization of superconducting materials that spontaneously polarize the radiation emitted from the radioactive material containing radioactive elements such as tourmaline and radioactive element-containing materials. Therefore, the amount of negative ions released is increased. Therefore, as in the present invention, when a superelectric material and a radioactive element-containing material are mixed in a conventional glaze, anions are generated. The color of the glaze can be adjusted by varying the type of pyroelectric material and the type and concentration of radioactive element-containing material according to the application purpose. For example, when black is required, such as enamel, black color is used, such as tourmaline, and white is required, such as barium titanate, when white is required. Of course, the main color is adjusted with colored pigments.

Hereinafter will be described an embodiment of the present invention.

Example 1

70% by weight of opaque oil consisting of 10% by weight of silica, 26% by weight of feldspar, 14% by weight of limestone, 18% by weight of kaolin and 20% by weight of barium carbonate. 30 weight of barium titanate was mixed as a substance to prepare an anion generating glaze.

Example 2)

70 weight percent of white milk composed of 37 weight% of quartzite, 36.5 weight% of feldspar, 15.5 weight% of limestone, and 11 weight% of kaolin, containing radioactive elements, 30 weights of monazite as material and 30 weights of tourmaline as spontaneous polarization Glazes were prepared.

Example 3

Anion generating glaze prepared in Example 1 was applied to a tile and calcined to prepare an anion generating tile.

The present invention is not limited to the above-described specific embodiments, and various modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention as claimed in the claims. Such changes are intended to fall within the scope of the claims.

Since the glaze according to the present invention emits an anion, it is possible to create a pleasant environment in an anion atmosphere by applying the glaze according to the present invention to produce tiles, ceramics, tiles, etc. by deodorizing, antibacterial, dehumidifying, and air cleaning.

Claims (5)

Anion-generating glaze characterized by adding a radioactive element-containing substance and a pyroelectric substance to ordinary glazes such as gloss oil, milk milk, matte oil, crystalline oil and color oil. In claim 1, the radioactive element is potassium (K), selenium (Se), vanadium (V), rubidium (Rb), indium (In), tellurium (Te), lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), neodymium (Nd) , Samarium (Sm), cardolium (Gd), ruthelium (Lu), hafnium (Hf), tantalum (Ta), rhenium (Re), osmium (Os), platinum (Pt), polonium (Po), astatin (At), Francium (Fr), Radium (Ra), Actinium (Ac), Thorium (Th), Protac (Pa), Uranium (U), characterized in that the radioactive element The radioactive element-containing material according to claim 1 is a substance containing potassium (K), a rare earth element-containing mineral, a rare earth element oxide, a uranium-containing mineral, a thorium-containing mineral, a zirconium mineral, and a zinc salt. The pyroelectric material of claim 1, wherein the pyroelectric material is tourmaline, garnet, ferroelectric Tile using the glaze composition of claim 1