KR20040095513A - vehicle Multi Shifting Transwheel - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A multi-shifting wheel transmission for transportation is provided to reduce the weight and the cost through reduction of parts by achieving mechanisms for power transmission by a clutch part and a shift unit. CONSTITUTION: Multi-shifting wheel transmissions(100) for transportation are independently installed to the ends of an input shaft and an output shaft receiving rotational force via a propeller shaft, a final reducer, and a differential gear and are integrally installed to wheels, to make drive and reverse action, neutral action, and one-way action successively executed. The multi-shifting wheel transmission for transportation comprises a differential part(300), a connection part, a wheel transmission part(400), and an anti-rolling-back unit(500). The differential part makes low-speed, or high-speed, and reverse executed by the operation of hydraulic pressure transmitted between an engine part and the wheel transmission. The connection part distributes the power received from the differential part to right and left wheels. The wheel transmission part is operated by the power received from the connection part. The anti-rolling-back unit prevents a vehicle from rolling back in stopping on an uphill road when the wheel transmission part is in a drive range.

Description

Vehicle Multi Shifting Transwheel

The present invention relates to a wheel transmission that can be applied to not only heavy machinery such as forklifts, excavators, tractors, special vehicles, but also all power vehicles. More specifically, various mechanisms for transmitting forward and reverse powers include a clutch unit and a transmission unit. By reducing the weight and cost due to the reduction of the number of parts, it is possible to achieve a low speed and high speed conversion according to the user's selection relates to a multi-shifting wheel transmission for transport.

In general, heavy equipment uses a hydraulic motor or engine as a power source, and is classified into a wheel type and a crawler type according to the shape of the wheel.

Unlike general vehicles, heavy equipment does not require high-speed driving and does not require a large number of shifts. However, noise and vibration reduction from the engine and minimization of rotation radius remain the biggest challenges.

1 is a view showing the configuration of a conventional power transmission device applied to a forklift, which is one of heavy equipment. In the case of a forklift, the transmission 1 is installed in the center of the forklift, and the input shaft of the transmission 1 A clutch 6 is provided between 2) and the output shaft 3 to block or transmit the rotational force between the input shaft 2 and the output shaft 3.

In addition, the clutch 6 is connected to a torque converter 5 that receives power from the engine 2 installed at the rear of the forklift and amplifies torque, and the rotational force transmitted to the output shaft 3 of the transmission 1 is final. It is transmitted to the axle shaft 9 through the reduction gear 7 and the differential gear 8 to rotate the wheels, and the axle hub 10 includes a drum or disc brake (not shown) for braking action of the vehicle. Will be

However, as described above, the conventional heavy-duty transmission applied to a forklift or the like is installed between the torque converter and the axle shaft together with the clutch, so that the distance between the engine and the axle shaft is increased, and the vibration and noise generated by the engine are transmitted through There is a closed end that is mostly delivered to the driver's seat in the center, there is a problem that it is difficult to work in a narrow environment because the overall length of the equipment is made long.

In addition, the heavy equipment equipped with a transmission in the structure as in the prior art is rotated in the same manner as a general car or a van, so that the radius of rotation (R) is large, as shown in Figure 2, and therefore difficult to work in a narrow place, There was also a problem of deterioration in mobility.

In addition, the conventional heavy equipment is inferior in safety due to the phenomenon that the heavy equipment is pushed back on the ramp (during gear shifting) after stopping at a slope, and the heavy equipment equipped with the transmission has a housing including a clutch and a transmission. Because of the large size, the central part of the heavy equipment was not free, and it had a weak point that a sufficient reduction ratio could be obtained only by increasing the size of the final reduction gear to finally reduce the engine speed.

Accordingly, the present applicant is equipped with a forward and backward transmission using a hydraulic clutch on both wheel axle hubs of the front wheel or the rear wheel and connected to the axle by the propeller shaft, thereby preventing the noise and vibration generated from the engine from being transmitted to the transmission. By allowing the wheels to be driven independently, it minimizes the turning radius of the heavy machinery's spin or turn, and the brakes and clutches are integrated to improve the braking performance and make the engine compact and free the engine mounting and axle mounting design. Cost Wheel Transmission (Korean Patent Application Nos. 2001-11280 and 2001-56004) has been filed.

Among them, the 2001-11280 will be briefly described with reference to FIGS. 2 to 4, while a rotational force is transmitted to the axle shaft 108 through the engine, the torque converter, the propulsion shaft, the final reduction gear, and the differential gear of the heavy equipment. In the axle hub 104 at which both ends of the axle shaft 108 are positioned, the wheel transmission 100 composed of a planetary gear assembly 110, a first transmission clutch unit 130, and a second transmission clutch unit 140 is provided. In order to install the left and right pair of wheels 102 to be independently driven, the planetary gear assembly 110 is disposed between the axle shaft 108 and the bearing 112, as shown in FIG. A pair of forward sun gear 114 and a reverse sun gear 116 are installed, and a plurality of first planetary gears 120 are geared to the forward sun gear 114, and the first sun gear 116 is disposed on the first sun gear 114. Second planetary gear 122 that is also toothed with planetary gear 120 The first planetary gear 120 is configured to be toothed with the inner circumferential surface of the ring gear 124 fixed to the axle housing 106; The first shift clutch 130 has a cylinder 132 formed on the drum 108b in the axle hub 104 at a position corresponding to the forward sun gear 114, and supplies hydraulic oil into the cylinder 132. Accordingly, the forward piston 136 moves forward while compressing the return spring 138 to closely contact the forward sun gear 114 and at the same time the friction plate 137 installed in the first clutch pack 108a extended from the axle shaft 108. The clutch plate 135 installed on the forward sun gear 114 is in close contact with the forward sun gear 114 to restrain the axle shaft 108; As shown in FIG. 3, the second shift clutch portion 140 has a cylinder 142 formed in the drum 108b at a position corresponding to the reverse sun gear 116, and the hydraulic oil into the cylinder 142. The friction plate which is installed in the second clutch pack 108b extended from the axle shaft 108 at the same time as the reverse piston 146 moves forward while compressing the return spring 148 in contact with the reverse sun gear 116 according to the supply ( 147, the clutch plate 145 provided in the reverse sun gear 116 is in close contact with the reverse sun gear 116 is characterized in that it is configured to restrain the axle shaft 108.

Such a configuration satisfies the starting conditions of the low speed heavy equipment, but has a limit to be applied to the heavy equipment requiring high speed starting.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention has been conceived by the above-mentioned conventional problem, and by using the clutch portion and the transmission means various mechanisms for transmitting the forward and reverse power, the weight and weight due to reducing the number of parts The cost lies in enabling savings.

Another object is to provide a differential portion between the engine and the wheel transmission so as to freely shift the first stage output (low speed) and the second stage output (high speed).

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is independently installed on both ends of the input and output shaft that receives the rotational force through the propulsion shaft and the final reduction gear and the differential gear of all power vehicles, the forward, backward, neutral and one-way operation A wheel transmission integrally installed on a wheel, comprising: a differential unit configured to perform a low speed, a high speed, a reverse, and the like by manipulating hydraulic pressure transmitted between an engine unit and a wheel transmission; A connection part for distributing the driving power to the left and right wheels from the power transmitted from the differential part; A wheel transmission unit operated by power received from the connection unit; The wheel transmission is characterized in that it is a rolling prevention means for preventing the back when stopping at an uphill road when driving forward.

The first transmission portion and the first disk clutch portion for transmitting the power of the shaft of the engine unit to the wheel transmission unit; A sun gear integrally formed with the disc clutch portion; A shift drum unit surrounding the disc clutch unit and having a ring gear therein; A one-way clutch portion configured to input power to the sun gear for outputting the first stage and fix the ring gear and to fix the ring gear for output to the first carrier portion; A transmission unit configured to perform a low speed or high speed shift according to an operation of the disc clutch installed between the ring gear and the sun gear; Characterized in that the first carrier for transmitting the power received from the transmission to the connection portion.

A wheel transmission unit and a main shaft extending to the connection unit; A forward drum which is rotated by the power input through the main shaft; A forward clutch pack mounted on the forward drum; A forward piston operated by the forward clutch pack; A sun gear dual shaft rotated by hydraulic pressure of the forward piston; A plate gear meshed with the sun gear shaft to transmit forward vibration force; A ring gear engaged with the plate gear and fixed inside the wheel drum; Forward driving means for forward driving the wheel by outputting the second carrier through the fixed ring gear and the planet gear; A forward drum which is rotated by the power input through the main shaft; A reverse drum coupled to the forward drum to rotate; A reverse clutch pack mounted to the reverse drum; A reverse piston operated by the reverse clutch pack; A coupling rotated by hydraulic pressure of the reverse piston; A reverse sun gear connected to the coupling and rotating; The rotational force of the reverse sun gear is characterized in that the reverse drive means for transmitting the reverse power to the wheel through the ring gear and the plate gear and the second carrier formed inside the wheel drum.

In addition, the rolling prevention means and the reverse drum is operated by the forward pressure; A reverse piston operated by the reverse drum; An actuator operated by hydraulic pressure by the reverse piston; A friction plate for transmitting the frictional force of the actuator to the reaction plate; A cone clutch for receiving the power transmitted from the actuator and transmitting the power to the one-way clutch and the outer race installed in the forward sun gear; It is characterized in that the cone spring against the operation of the reverse piston and applying a force to the actuator.

1 is a block diagram showing a power transmission device applied to a forklift that is one of the conventional heavy equipment.

Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the configuration of the wheel transmission previously filed by the present applicant.

Figure 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the main portion of the wheel transmission of FIG.

4 is a view showing a partial extract of the planetary gear assembly of FIG.

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram showing a multi-shifting wheel transmission for transporting the present invention

Figure 6a or 6b is a view showing the state of the forward, reverse one-stage or two-stage output of the multi-shifting wheel transmission for transportation of the present invention.

7 is a view showing the forward operation of the multi-shifting wheel transmission for transportation of the present invention.

8 is a view showing the reverse operation of the multi-shifting wheel transmission for transportation of the present invention.

<Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Shaft 100 Wheel transmission 200 First transmission part

210: propeller shaft 220: one-way clutch 231: disc clutch

230: sun gear 240: first shifting drum portion 241: ring gear

250: first carrier 251: first flannel gear

480: second carrier portion 300: differential portion 400: wheel transmission portion

410: spindle 420: forward drum 430: forward clutch pack

440: forward piston 450: forward sunshaft shaft

460: second planetary gear 461: third planetary gear

470: wheel drum 471: ring gear 490: reverse clutch pack

491: reversing piston 492: coupling 493: reversing sun gear

500: jungle prevention means 510: backward drum 530: actuator

550: one-way clutch 570: outer race 571: reaction plate

580: Friction plate 590: cone spring E: engine & torque converter

The objects, features, and structural points of the present invention described above will become more apparent from the following description of the detailed and preferred embodiments of the present invention described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that in the drawings, the same to similar parts are described with the same to similar reference numerals for convenience of explanation and understanding.

The present invention is basically, the hydraulic fluid is delivered to the flow path by the operation of the pedal and the lever (not shown) to the main shaft to press the forward pressure or the reverse pressure or to shift to high speed or low speed, which is the conventional Since it is the same as the embodiment, it is omitted below.

The present invention is independently installed on both ends of the input and output shafts to receive the rotational force through the propulsion shaft and the final reduction gear and the differential gear of all the power vehicles integrally to the wheel so that forward and backward, neutral, spin turn and one-way operation is performed in series With the wheel transmission 100 installed, as shown in FIG. 5, a low speed or high speed, reverse, etc. are made by the operation of hydraulic pressure transmitted between the engine & torque converter unit E and the wheel transmission 100. A transmission unit 200; A differential unit 300 for distributing driving force to the left and right wheels of the power transmitted from the first transmission unit 200; A wheel transmission unit 400 operated by power received from the differential unit 300; The technical features of the wheel transmission unit 400 is provided with a rolling preventing means 500 to prevent the back when stopping at an uphill road when driving forward.

As shown in FIG. 5, the first transmission unit 200 includes a propeller shaft 210 for transmitting power of the engine & torque converter unit E to the wheel transmission unit 400; A sun gear 230 rotated by power transmission of the propeller shaft 210; A disc clutch unit 231 integrally formed with the sun gear 230; A first transmission drum unit 240 surrounding the disc clutch unit 231 and having a ring gear 241 therein; A transmission unit 250 installed between the ring gear 241 and the sun gear 230 and configured to perform a low speed or high speed shift according to the operation of the disc clutch 231; One-way clutch unit 220 for fixing the rotation of the ring gear 241 in one direction when outputting the first stage of the transmission unit 250 to transmit the power transmitted from the transmission unit 250 to the differential unit 300. It consists of a first carrier portion 260 for.

The wheel transmission unit 400 includes a main shaft 410 extending to the differential unit 300, as shown in FIG. 5 or 7; A forward drum 420 rotated by power input through the main shaft 410; An advance clutch pack 490 mounted to the advance drum 420; A forward piston 440 operated by the forward clutch pack 490; A sun gear dual shaft 450 which is rotated by the hydraulic pressure of the forward piston 440; A planetary gear 460 meshed with the sun gear shaft 450 to transmit forward vibration force; A ring gear 471 engaged with the planetary gear 460 and fixed inside the wheel drum 470; Forward driving means for forwarding the wheel by outputting the second carrier 480 through the fixed ring gear 471 and the planetary gear 460; A forward drum 420 rotated by power input through the main shaft 410; A reverse drum 510 coupled to the forward drum 420 to rotate; A reverse clutch pack 490 mounted to the reverse drum 510; A reverse piston 491 operated by the reverse clutch pack 490; A coupling 492 rotated by hydraulic pressure of the reverse piston 491; A reverse sun gear 493 connected to the coupling 492 and rotating; The reverse force of the reverse sun gear 493 is a reverse drive means for transmitting the reverse power to the wheel through the ring gear 471, the platelet gear 460 and the second carrier 480 formed inside the wheel drum 470. It is composed.

In addition, the rolling preventing means 500, as shown in Figure 7 and 8, the reverse drum 510 is operated by the forward pressure; A reverse piston 491 coupled to the reverse drum 510 and operated hydraulically; An actuator 530 that is hydraulically operated by the reverse piston 491; A friction plate 580 for transmitting power by friction with the reaction plate 571 connected to the actuator 530; A cone clutch portion 520 for receiving the power transmitted from the actuator 530 and transferring the power to the one-way clutch 550 and the outer race 570 installed in the forward sun gear 450; Consists of a cone spring 590 to counteract the operation of the reverse piston 491 and to apply a force to the actuator 530.

Therefore, the multi-shifting wheel transmission 100 for transportation of the present invention configured as described above basically uses the power of the engine & torque converter E through the first carrier part 250 of the first transmission part 200 or at low speed. The high speed force is transmitted to the sun gear 230, and is transmitted to the wheel transmission 100 through the differential unit 300 to drive forward or backward.

If you explain the operation in more detail,

The first stage output (low speed) transmits power to the sun gear 230 as shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6A (at this time, the disc clutch portion 231 is kept separate from the shifting drum portion 240). ).

The power transmitted to the next sun gear 230 is output to the first carrier portion 250 through the first play tree gear 251 (in this case, the ring gear 241 is fixed by the one-way clutch 210). .

As shown in FIG. 5 or FIG. 6B, the two stage output (high speed) is coupled to the first clutch drum 240 by the disc clutch unit 231 to simultaneously input the sun gear 230 and the ring gear 241. The torque and the number of revolutions received from the engine & torque converter unit E are transmitted to the differential unit 300 at a ratio of 1: 1.

As described above, the shifted rotational force performs the forward motion and the backward motion through the main shaft 410.

First, as shown in FIG. 7, the forward drum 420 rotated by the power input to the main shaft 410 is rotated, and the rotational force of the forward drum 420 is mounted on the forward drum 420. The forward clutch pack 430 is transmitted.

The forward clutch pack 430 transmits power to the sun gear dual shaft 450 by the hydraulic pressure of the forward piston 440, and the sun gear dual shaft 450 is engaged with the plate gear for transmitting the forward vibration force. Power is transmitted to the 460, and the power of the plate gear 460 meshes with the power of the plate gear 460 and transmits power to the ring gear 471 fixed to the inside of the wheel drum 470.

Accordingly, the wheels are driven forward by outputting the second carrier 480 through the fixed ring gear 471 and the plate gear 460.

In this case, the forward drum 420, the forward clutch pack 490, the forward sun gear 450 is rotated in the clockwise direction, the platen gear 460, the second carrier 480 in the clockwise direction, the reverse sun gear ( 493 is counterclockwise, and the one-way clutch 550 is driven clockwise.

As shown in FIG. 8, as shown in FIG. 8, power input through the main shaft 410 is transmitted to the forward drum 420, and the power is coupled to the forward drum 420 to rotate the reverse drum 510. Is passed on.

The power transmitted to the reverse drum 510 is transmitted to the reverse clutch pack 490 mounted on the reverse drum 510, and the reverse clutch pack 490 is coupled through hydraulic pressure to operate the reverse piston 491. Rotate (492).

The coupling 492 is transmitted to the reverse sun gear 493 which is connected to and rotated, and at the same time, the rotation force of the reverse sun gear 493 is a ring gear 471 and a plate gear 460 formed inside the wheel drum 470. And a reverse driving force is transmitted to the wheel through the second carrier 480 to drive backward.

At this time, the reverse drum 510, the reverse clutch pack 490, the reverse sun gear 493 is rotated in the clockwise direction, the third planetary gear 461, the second carrier 480 in the counterclockwise direction, The forward sun gear 450 and the one-way clutch 550 are driven counterclockwise.

As can be seen from the above, when the reverse pressure is operated and the reverse direction is driven, the driven rotation of the reverse sun gear 493 due to the rotation of the forward plate gear 460 is reversed.

In addition, the one-way clutch 550 rotates in a clockwise direction, but the reaction plate 571 and the friction plate 580 are separated by the operation of the reverse piston 491, so that the power is cut off. Is stopped.

That is, when hydraulic pressure is supplied to the reverse drum 510 to push the reverse piston 520 and the actuator 530, the reaction plate 571 connected to the actuator 530 is moved to move the reaction plate 571 as shown in FIG. 8. It is separated from the outer race 570 and the friction plate 580 connected to the outer race 570 to freely rotate the one-way clutch 550 whose rotation is restricted in the counterclockwise direction.

From this time, the vehicle can be driven backward, and when the hydraulic pressure of the reverse drum is removed, the actuator 530 is pushed by the cone spring 590, while engaging the friction plate 540 and the reaction plate 571 while the outer race ( 570 is coupled to restrain the one-way clutch 550 again.

On the other hand, if it stops on the uphill while driving forward, the anti-roll means 500 is prevented from being pushed back, its operation is as shown in the main portion enlarged view of Figs. 7 and 8, the cone clutch 580 is one-way The outer race 570 of the clutch 550 is fastened to prevent the vehicle from being pushed back because the engine and the torque converter react with the rotation when the reverse rotation from the wheel occurs.

In the reverse direction, as shown in the enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 8, the cone clutch portion 520 and the outer race 570 of the one-way clutch 550 are fastened to the counterclockwise direction of the one-way clutch 550. When the reverse piston 491 pushes the cone clutch part 520 which was holding | maintaining rotation, it is disconnected and the counterclockwise rotation of the reverse sun gear 493 is possible.

The present invention described above has been described based on the embodiments based on the illustrated drawings, but is not limited thereto, and various modifications may be made without departing from the technical spirit of the present invention for those skilled in the art to which the present invention pertains. It is obvious that variations and modifications are possible, as well as other embodiments that are equivalent.

As described above, the wheel transmission of the present invention can obtain the following advantages.

First, since the wheel transmission is mounted on the axle hub of both wheels of the front wheel or the rear wheel, the distance between the engine and the axle shaft can be shortened.

Second, it can block the vibration and noise generated from the engine.

Third, there is an advantage to work in a narrow environment by reducing the overall length of the equipment.

Fourth, since both wheels can be driven independently, the rotation radius of heavy equipment is minimized.

Fifth, by adopting the wet brake can improve the braking performance and durability.

Sixth, various mechanisms for transmitting the forward and backward powers are made by one clutch part and the shifting means, thereby reducing weight and cost by eliminating parts.

Seventh, since the reverse pressure is released when moving forward, the one-way means can be automatically operated by the self-restoring force of the elastic member to prevent the vehicle from being pushed back from the slope or the like.

Claims (4)

In the wheel transmission integrally installed on the wheels so that forward, forward, neutral and one-way movements are performed in series, independently installed at both ends of the input and output shafts that receive rotational power through the propulsion shafts and the final reduction gears and the differential gears of all power vehicles, A differential unit configured to perform a low speed or a high speed, a reverse, and the like by manipulating hydraulic pressure transmitted between the engine unit and the wheel transmission; A connection part for distributing the driving power to the left and right wheels from the power transmitted from the differential part; A wheel transmission unit operated by power received from the connection unit; Multi-shifting wheel transmission for transport, characterized in that for preventing the rolling back when stopping at an uphill road when driving forward of the wheel transmission. According to claim 1, wherein the differential portion is a shaft for transmitting the power of the shaft of the engine unit to the wheel transmission unit; Sun gear rotated by the power of the shaft; A disc clutch unit integrally formed with the sun gear; A shift drum unit surrounding the disc clutch unit and having a ring gear therein; A first transmission unit installed between the ring gear and the sun gear and configured to perform a low speed or high speed shift according to the operation of the disc clutch; A one-way clutch unit for fixing the ring gear at the first stage output; The multi-shifting wheel transmission for transport, characterized in that the first carrier for transmitting the power transmitted from the transmission to the connecting portion. According to claim 1 and 2, The wheel transmission unit and the main shaft extending to the connecting portion; A forward drum which is rotated by the power input through the main shaft; A forward clutch pack mounted on the forward drum; A forward piston for operating the forward clutch pack; A sun gear dual shaft rotated by hydraulic pressure of the forward piston; A plate gear meshed with the sun gear shaft to transmit forward vibration force; A ring gear engaged with the plate gear and fixed inside the wheel drum; Forward driving means for forward driving the wheel by outputting the second carrier through the fixed ring gear and the second planetary gear; A forward drum which is rotated by the power input through the main shaft; A reverse drum coupled to the forward drum to rotate; A reverse clutch pack mounted to the reverse drum; A reverse piston for operating the reverse clutch pack; A coupling rotated by hydraulic pressure of the reverse piston; A reverse sun gear connected to the coupling and rotating; The rotational force of the reverse sun gear is a multi-shifting wheel transmission for transport, characterized in that the reverse gear driving the reverse power to the wheel through the ring gear formed inside the wheel drum, the third planetary gear and the second carrier. The method of claim 1, wherein the anti-roll means comprises a reverse drum which rotates integrally with the forward drum; A reverse piston operated by hydraulic pressure supplied to the reverse drum; An actuator connected to the reverse piston and operated; A reaction plate for transmitting the frictional force of the actuator to the friction plate; A cone clutch for receiving the power transmitted from the actuator and transmitting the power to the one-way clutch and the outer race installed in the forward sun gear; Multi-shifting wheel transmission for transport, characterized in that the counter spring against the movement of the reverse piston to apply a force to the actuator.