KR20040080943A - Method for treating a screw-cement retained prosthesis and abutment for a screw-cement retained prosthesis - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: A method for installing a screw/cement retained prosthesis and an abutment for the prosthesis are provided to enable easy separation and re-installation of both the prosthesis and the abutment. CONSTITUTION: The method for installing a screw/cement retained prosthesis(100) comprises the steps of: positioning and fastening an abutment(120) having a first screw hole(124) to a fixture(110) using a screw; providing the prosthesis having a second screw(144) hole corresponding to the first screw hole; and coupling the prosthesis and the abutment to each other by interposing a dental cement between them.

Description

METHOD FOR TREATING A SCREW-CEMENT RETAINED PROSTHESIS AND ABUTMENT FOR A SCREW-CEMENT RETAINED PROSTHESIS}

The present invention relates to a method of implantation and abutment, and more particularly, to a method of implantation and abutment for implants used in the method of implantation that is easy to assemble and disassemble the implant. .

Dental implant refers to an artificial tooth structure or a method of dental treatment formed by implanting artificial roots at partially or totally missing teeth and adhering them to the alveolar bone and fixing prosthesis or crowns to the artificial roots. do. In general, implants include a fixture made of titanium, an abutment fixed on the fixture, an abutment screw securing the abutment to the fixture, and an abutment fixed to the abutment. It is composed of prosthesis as an artificial tooth.

The implant can be performed only on the lost part without damaging adjacent teeth or surrounding tissues around the lost tooth, supporting bone tissue, delaying the absorption of bone tissue, and providing the same chewing power as natural teeth. And in appearance can form almost the same aesthetics as natural teeth.

Therefore, implants have recently been widely used as a dental procedure for repairing damaged or lost teeth.

Conventional implants may be classified into screw retained prosthesis (SRP) and cement retained prosthesis (CRP) according to the structure and procedure of the implant.

Screw-Retained Prosthetics (SRP)

Screw-held prosthetics is a prosthetic method that has been used since implants were first developed and is still used today. Screw retained prostheses are basically fastened to the implant by the final prosthesis, and can be easily removed or replaced because the prostheses are joined by screws. There are two main types of prostheses. One is a prosthesis completed on top of the UCLA abutment, which is integrated with the UCLA abutment and directly connected to the fixture. The other is a transmucosal abutment, which is an intermediate abutment to the fixture. After connecting the upper abutment (gold cylinder) is connected to the upper abutment to create a final prosthesis with the intermediate abutment (transmucosal abutment) is mounted and detached.

Figure 1a is a cross-sectional view showing a screw retained prosthesis using a conventional UCLA abutment.

Referring to FIG. 1A, the screw-type prosthesis 10 using the UCLA abutment is integral with the fixture 12 and the prosthesis 18 placed in the alveolar bone and is disposed on the abutment 12. 14). Prosthesis 18 and abutment 14 are integrally formed from the outside, and a hole penetrating the center is formed.

The screw 16 is fastened to the fixture 12 through a hole, whereby the prosthesis 18 and the abutment 14 are fixed to the fixture 12.

1B is a cross-sectional view showing a screw retained prosthesis using a conventional intermediate abutment.

Referring to FIG. 1B, the screw retained prosthesis 20 using the intermediate abutment is integral with the fixture 22, the intermediate abutment 24 and the prosthesis 28 and on the intermediate abutment 24. An upper abutment 26 disposed. The intermediate abutment 24 includes a hole corresponding to the first screw 23, and the first screw 23 is engaged with the fixture 22 through the intermediate abutment 24, thereby making it an intermediate abutment. Fix 24 to the fixture 22.

The second screw 25 is inserted through the hole passing through the prosthesis 28 and the upper abutment 26, and the second screw 25 is engaged with the screw hole formed in the upper portion of the first screw 23. The prosthesis 28 and the upper abutment 26 are secured to the intermediate abutment 24.

As shown in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the bottom of the final prosthesis 18, 28 is a ready-made part (eg UCLA abutment 14, upper abutment 26) that fits into the fixture or intermediate abutment top shape. )) Are inherent, and they form together to form the prosthesis when casting the prosthesis.

The biggest feature of the screw-type prosthesis is that a screw hole is formed in the occlusal surface of the prosthesis, and the screw hole can control the coupling between the screw and the fixture. Therefore, the screw retained prosthesis has the following advantages.

First, even after the prosthesis is completed and mounted in the oral cavity, the prosthesis can be easily removed and remounted when necessary.

If the prosthesis breaks unexpectedly and requires repair or replacement while using an implant prosthesis, the connected screw loosens itself and needs to be tightened, or if the patient has been treated with an implant, or if you feel uncomfortable with a prosthesis with multiple implants If some of the fixtures fail, the prosthesis must be removed from the fixture to facilitate repair and remounting.

Screw-held prostheses can separate prostheses very conveniently in these cases. In other words, by unscrewing the screw through the screw hole, the prosthesis can be separated without damage, and can be remounted by tightening the screw.

Second, screw-type prostheses can be used even if the distance between the antagonist teeth is narrow. For example, a prosthesis can be made using UCLA abutments even if the distance between the implant and the antagonist is about 5 mm or more.

However, screw retained prostheses have fatal drawbacks instead of meeting these essential requirements.

Threaded prostheses must be machined precisely to near perfection, as the prosthesis must make a passive fit with the fixture, the underlying structure. Therefore, the thread-retaining prosthesis may be complicated in fabrication technique and excessively in manufacturing time and manufacturing cost.

In addition, if not fully machined and mounted, multiple stresses may be applied to the implant, and excessive stress often results in loss of bone around the implant or fracture of the prosthesis or the implant itself.

A frequently occurring problem in threaded prostheses is the loosening of the screw. Some reports indicate that screw loosening occurs in about 25-30% of prosthetic implant prostheses. In other words, the implant prosthesis that does not fit well is easier to loosen due to the permanent extension of the screw with less bite force compared to the fit.

In order to solve the above problem, the screw retained prosthesis must be fixed by manual fitting. In order to produce a passive fit prosthesis in the oral cavity, first, a precise working model must be made, and a precise prosthesis must be produced thereon.

In order to make accurate and precise work model, precise impression making, work model production and prosthesis production are essential. However, considering the shrinkage and deformation of the material, such work requires a high degree of skill, and due to the nature of the manufacturing process, it takes a lot of time for treatment and production. Therefore, not only the treatment cost but also the manufacturing cost is high, and the material cost is also formidable. Therefore, the screw retained prosthesis is expensive overall.

Cement Retained Prosthetics (CRP)

Conventional cement retaining prostheses (CRP), unlike screw retaining, secure the cemented abutment to the implant fixture by screws, and place the final prosthesis fabricated separately over the fixed abutment, between It refers to the method of bonding the final prosthesis and abutment through the cement.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional cement retaining prosthesis.

Referring to FIG. 2, a conventional cement retaining prosthesis 30 includes a fixture 32, a cemented abutment 34, and a prosthesis 38. An abutment 34 having a screw hole is disposed in the fixture 32 placed in the alveolar bone, and the abutment 34 is fixed by fastening the screw 36 to the fixture 32 through the screw hole. .

The prosthesis 38 is inserted into the fixed abutment 34, and the abutment 34 and the prosthesis 38 are bonded to each other via dental cement therebetween. Unlike the screw-held prosthesis, the prosthesis 38 is manufactured separately from the abutment 34, and then the prosthesis 38 and the abutment 34 are bonded using dental cement.

Thus, the most apparent feature of conventional cement-maintained prostheses is that there is no screw hole in the occlusal surface of the prosthesis. Therefore, unlike the screw-held prosthesis, the appearance of artificial teeth is inconspicuous in appearance and can form a natural appearance like natural teeth, but once the prosthesis is mounted, the prosthesis cannot be separated by loosening the screw.

Cement retaining prostheses solve all of the disadvantages of screw retaining. In other words, cement retained prostheses can easily make a passive fit between the fixture and the prosthesis, resulting in a reduction in stress on the fixture when connecting the prosthesis, and 3) loosening of the screw. Less frequently, 4) simpler clinical procedures and manufacturing processes, 5) time savings, and 6) less production costs.

Above all, the greatest advantage of cement retained prostheses is that the incompatibility between the prosthesis and the abutment can simply be solved by the space between the prosthesis and the abutment and the dental cement filled in the space. Compared with the screw retaining type, which requires a high degree of precision, the cement retaining prosthesis is simple to raise or pore if only a few principles are adhered to, and a passive fit between the implant and the prosthesis can be achieved.

For these reasons, cement retaining types are now more preferred than screw retaining types.

However, as already mentioned, cement-maintained prostheses have the disadvantage that they are not easy to separate and refit. The only way to separate a prosthesis from a cement retainer is to remove it from the prosthesis by applying external force. For example, in the case of a single cement retaining prosthesis, the screw may be loosened frequently. In this case, even if temporary cement is used, it is almost impossible to remove the prosthesis without damaging the thread or the prosthesis. In many implant prostheses, removal is more difficult because the retention force is increased by a number of abutments.

Another problem with cement-maintained prostheses is that the procedure is difficult if the distance between the jaws is insufficient. In fact, there are many cases where the distance between the vices is not enough. In this case, the cement retaining type shortens the length of the abutment, and if the abutment is too short, the holding force decreases, so the prosthesis may fall off.

In addition, another problem of the cement retaining type is that it is difficult to completely remove the cement remaining in the oral cavity after the prosthesis is cemented. Failure to completely remove the remaining cement can cause gingival inflammation around the implant in the long run, causing the implant to fail.

As described above, in summary, the advantages and disadvantages of screw retaining and cement retaining prostheses, screw retaining is free to attach and detach prostheses and can be used for narrow interdental distances, but it is difficult to achieve manual precise fitting and loosening of screws. Frequently, precise clinical and laboratory procedures are required, and cost and time are disadvantageous.

On the other hand, cement retaining type has many advantages such as easy manual fit, simple clinical and pore process, less time and cost, but is not easy to install and detach, difficult to repair prosthesis, and When the gap is narrow, various side effects may occur, and it is difficult to remove residual cement in the oral cavity, and the margin may not be polished if the margin with the prosthesis does not match well.

Accordingly, one object of the present invention is to provide a third prosthetic method which can select and take advantage of the two prosthetic methods. In other words, the clinical and laboratory process is simple, the time and cost is low, the passive fit is easily obtained, the screw is not loosened, it can be applied even in narrow interdental distance, the repair and repair of the prosthesis is easy, It is to provide an implant procedure and abutment that can easily remove residual cement, polish the margin of the prosthesis, and detach and refit the prosthesis at any time without damage.

In addition, another object of the present invention is to provide an implant treatment method and abutment that can be easily mounted and detached even if the axis between the fixture and the abutment does not exactly match.

Figure 1a is a cross-sectional view showing a screw retained prosthesis using a conventional UCLA abutment.

1B is a cross-sectional view showing a screw retained prosthesis using a conventional intermediate abutment.

2 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional cement retaining prosthesis.

3 is a cross-sectional view of an SCRP implant according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

4A to 4F are cross-sectional views illustrating a method of treating an SCRP implant according to a first embodiment.

5A is a cross-sectional view of an SCRP implant according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

5B is a cross-sectional view illustrating a separation process of an SCRP implant according to a second embodiment.

6 is a cross-sectional view of an SCRP implant according to another embodiment of the present invention similar to the second embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of an SCRP implant for explaining a use example of an SCRP implant abutment according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG.

8 is a partial cutaway perspective view of the abutment of FIG. 7 as viewed from the bottom.

9 is a bottom view of the abutment of FIG. 7.

10 is a front view for explaining the binding between the abutment and the fixture according to the third embodiment.

11 is a partial cross-sectional view for explaining a use example of the abutment according to the third embodiment.

12 is a partial cutaway perspective view of an abutment according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the bottom thereof.

13 is a front view for explaining the binding between the abutment and the fixture according to the fourth embodiment.

14 is a partial cutaway perspective view of the abutment according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the bottom thereof.

15 is a partial cutaway perspective view of an abutment according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the bottom thereof.

<Explanation of symbols for the main parts of the drawings>

100: SCRP implant 110: Fixture

112: coupling protrusion 114: screw thread

120: abutment 124: first screw hole

130: Screw 140: Prosthetics

144: second screw hole 200, 201: abutment

210: body 220, 225: first screw hole

230, 231: Accommodating part 240: Tight groove

250, 260 ： Free home

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object, the method of implanting a screw / cement retaining implant includes the steps of implanting a fixture in the alveolar bone; Binding an abutment including a first screw hole to the fixture using a screw; Providing a prosthesis comprising a second screw hole formed corresponding to the first screw hole; And bonding the prosthesis and the abutment via the dental cement between the prosthesis and the abutment.

It includes the cement retaining prosthesis (CRP) because the prosthesis and abutment are bonded using dental cement, and the screw retaining prosthesis (SRP) because the screw can be tightened or loosened through the first and second screw holes. It also includes features. In other words, manual precision fitting is possible because the abutment can be fastened to the fixture and the prosthesis can be covered and cemented to the abutment and the procedure is quick and simple. In addition, by forming a second screw hole in the prosthesis, it is possible to loosen and tighten the screw, whereby the prosthesis can be easily separated and remounted from the fixture. Therefore, permanent cement can be used as dental cement.

The implant treatment method according to the present invention applies both the advantages of the screw retaining type and the cement retaining type and solves the disadvantages of each method, and may be referred to as screw-cement retained prosthesis or screw / cement retaining implant. . This is referred to as an SCRP implant.

Specifically, in the method of SCRP implant, the prosthesis is applied before the prosthesis and abutment are bonded using dental cement. The prosthesis of the prosthesis is a process to determine whether the prosthesis fits the abutment. The prosthesis and abutment are matched without dental cement and the prosthesis and abutment are checked.

In addition, before joining the prosthesis and abutment, the first screw hole may be filled with an auxiliary filler such as a gauze or cotton ball. This is because dental cement, such as permanent cement, may enter the first screw hole in the bonding process to block the first screw hole, and an auxiliary filler may be used to prevent it.

Unlike cement-retaining implants (CRP), prostheses and abutments with SCRP implants can be easily separated from the fixture even after cementation. Since the prosthesis and abutment can be separated by loosening the screw through the second screw hole, the remaining cement after the bonding process can be neatly removed, and the edge of the prosthesis can be polished to complete the implant procedure.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention for achieving the above object, the SCRP abutment is a kind of cement-maintained implant abutment used for external fixture, screw holes formed through the body up and down and It includes a receiving portion for receiving a coupling protrusion formed on the upper end of the fixture, a close contact groove in close contact with the upper end of the coupling projection and a clearance groove for providing a free space for easy separation and close contact with the coupling projection.

The SCRP abutment according to the present invention basically has a structure similar to the abutment used for cement retained prostheses. However, the SCRP abutment is characterized by having a receiving portion divided into a tight groove and a clearance groove. Application examples of SCRP abutments featuring close grooves and clearance grooves include titanium cement retained abutments, gold cement retained abutments, gold-plastic UCLA abutments, and plastic UCLA. Abutments and Temporary abutments are also available. Pickup impression coping is also available during impression coping. In addition, any component having the characteristics of the present invention used in combination with an external hexa implant and a pore analog top can be applied.

The close contact groove is in close contact with the coupling portion of the fixture, such as the engaging projection when the abutment connection, to limit the relative movement between the abutment and the fixture and to set the direction of the abutment constant. The contact grooves are generally formed in correspondence with the hexagonal pillar shape of the external hexa-fixture, but may be formed in a circular shape corresponding to the shape of the engaging protrusion or the coupling groove of the fixture. It may be formed as a non-circle having a coupling protrusion on a polygonal pillar, a polygonal pyramid or a cylindrical pillar. When the engaging projection of the fixture and the contact groove of the abutment are formed non-circularly, the abutment can be prevented from rotating on the fixture, and the abutment can be easily repositioned.

The clearance groove is located at the lower portion of the contact groove, and provides a clearance between the coupling protrusion and the accommodation portion of the fixture to allow the coupling protrusion to closely contact and separate the accommodation portion. Specifically, the clearance groove may be formed to be inclined like a cone shape from the bottom of the contact groove to guide the entrance of the coupling protrusion, and may be formed in a step shape from the bottom of the contact groove to have a cylindrical or polygonal column shape having a larger dimension than the contact groove. Can provide free space.

The depth of the contact groove is preferably about 10 to 80% of the depth of the receiving portion, but is not necessarily limited thereto, and if the abutment and the prosthesis can be easily separated while being able to prevent relative rotation of the abutment. It can be formed to a smaller or greater depth.

The SCRP abutment structure of the present invention can be usefully used when a plurality of abutments and one prosthesis are integrally formed.

For example, when a plurality of fixtures are placed in the alveolar bone, it is common that the plurality of fixtures are generally inclined at an angle to each other.

However, the SCRP prosthesis formed by using the conventional hexagonal cement retaining abutment does not have sufficient free space between the abutment and the engaging projection of the fixture. That is, when detaching the prosthesis from the fixture, the abutment must be separated in the longitudinal direction of each receptacle. However, since the directions of the respective receiving portions and the engaging projections do not coincide with each other, the prosthetic portion may not be separated from the fixture.

However, the SCRP prosthetic portion formed using the abutment according to the present invention may generate a free space by the free groove formed in the accommodation portion. That is, when separating the prosthetic part from the fixture, the engaging projection of the fixture is released from the tight groove, the engaging projection can be moved within a predetermined range through the clearance groove, SCRP prosthesis by the free space provided by the clearance groove The part can be separated from the fixture.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited or limited by the following embodiments.

Example 1

3 is a cross-sectional view of the SCRP implant according to the first embodiment of the present invention, Figures 4a to 4f are cross-sectional views for explaining the procedure of the SCRP implant according to the first embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 3, the SCRP implant 100 according to the first embodiment includes a fixture 110, an abutment 120, a screw 130, and a prosthesis 140.

The fixture 110 includes a thread 114 formed on an outer surface, and the fixture 110 is placed in the alveolar bone along the thread 114. The thread 114 of the implanted fixture 110 is fixed to the alveolar bone by fusion with the tissue of the alveolar bone, and the fusion between the thread 114 and the alveolar bone tissue takes a considerable period of time.

A coupling protrusion 112 having a hexagonal pillar shape is formed on an upper surface of the fixture 110, and a screw hole corresponding to the screw 130 is formed in the fixture 110 along the center line of the coupling protrusion 112.

The abutment 120 includes an accommodating part for accommodating the engaging protrusion 112, and the accommodating part is formed in a hexagonal column shape corresponding to the shape of the engaging protrusion 112. A first screw hole 124 is formed at the center of the abutment 120, and the screw 130 is fastened to the fixture 110 through the first screw hole 124.

In addition, the prosthesis 140 of the SCRP implant 100 includes a second screw hole 144. The prosthesis 140 is made of a metal structure and a layer structure of porcelain (porcelain) only or the metal itself, and the prosthesis 140 has a second screw hole 144 corresponding to the first screw hole 124. Is formed. The second screw hole 144 separates or fixes the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 140 from the fixture 110, rather than for fixing the abutment 120 to the fixture 110. It is used for the purpose of remounting to the chur (110).

The outer surface 122 of the abutment 120 and the inner surface 142 of the prosthesis 140 have a roughly corresponding shape, but do not completely match. That is, by providing a clearance between the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 140, the prosthesis 140 may be manually adapted to the abutment 120.

Dental cement 150 is interposed between the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 140 to bond the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 140.

Hereinafter, a method of treating the SCRP implant 100 will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 4A, four fixtures 110 are implanted in the alveolar bone, and the fixtures 110 are inclined to each other by a predetermined angle without being parallel to each other. Therefore, the coupling protrusions 112 formed on the upper surface of the fixture 110 also face different directions.

Referring to FIG. 4B, abutments 120a, 120b, and 120c are respectively fixed to four fixtures 110. The abutments 120a, 120b, 120c are fixed to the fixture 110 by a screw 130.

However, since the implanted directions of the respective fixtures 110 are different, the prosthesis 140 cannot be aligned with the abutment before being processed. Thus, the abutments 120a, 120b, 120c must each form an approximately vertical wall, and partially cut the wall or margin of the abutment 120 to form a vertical wall. You can cut or remove it with

Referring to FIG. 4C, abutments 120a, 120b, 120c, and 120d are respectively fixed to four fixtures 110, and each abutment 120a, 120b, 120c, or 120d is a fixture 110. ) Is formed in consideration of the implanted angle and the entrance angle of the prosthesis 140.

Even in the oral cavity, the abutments 120a, 120b, 120c, 120d may be partially modified at high speed or low speed through hand milling.

Referring to FIG. 4D, a manufactured prosthesis 140 is provided. Prosthesis 140 is formed by casting the framework (framework) in accordance with the method, the second screw hole 144 is formed like a framework. A metal chimney may be formed to the occlusal surface to prevent fracture of the material, but in some cases, metal free holes may not be used around the second screw hole 144 for aesthetics. ). The framework of the prosthesis 140 is adjusted to be passive fit in response to the abutments 120a, 120b, 120c, and 120d, and forms different inner surfaces 142a, 142b, 142c, and 142d, respectively.

Referring to FIG. 4E, the prosthesis 140 and the abutment 120a, 120b, 120c, and 120d are interposed between the prosthesis 140 and the abutments 120a, 120b, 120c, and 120d through the permanent cement 150. To join.

Before bonding the abutments 120a, 120b, 120c, and 120d, the prosthesis 140 can be tried. When the prosthesis 140 is tried, the abutments 120a, 120b, 120c, and 120d may be repositioned to the fixture 110 one by one without the prosthesis 140, as shown. Repositioning of the abutment in the oral cavity may be performed by the presence of the abutment groove of the abutment to match the shape of the engaging projection of the fixture.

This is one of the important features of the abutment. Because each abutment (120a, 120b, 120c, 120d) has a different shape of the upper structure is deformed processing for the optimal prosthesis production. Therefore, when each abutment (120a, 120b, 120c, 120d) is connected to the fixture, it must be connected at the correct position and angle. If the abutment is rotated even slightly and connected at different angles, the already manufactured prosthesis 140 becomes inappropriate.

Alternatively, all abutments 120a, 120b, 120c, and 120d may be inserted into the prosthesis 140 and connected to the fixture 110 at one time through the second screw hole 144. There may be an abutment that does not connect well because the prosthesis 140 does not fit correctly. In this case, remove the prosthesis 140 by loosening the screw a little and then reposition the abutment that does not connect well to the tight groove. Can be solved by tightening.

The second screw holes 144a, 144b, 144c, and 144d may adjust the tightening and loosening of the screw 130, and the prosthesis 140 is seated in the abutments 120a, 120b, 120c, and 120d without any resistance. And abutments 120a, 120b, 120c, and 120d until the margins are perfectly fitted.

After adjusting the fit between the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 140 through the pore of the prosthesis 140, a gauze or cotton is applied to the first screw hole 124 of the abutment 120. Fill it in. The reason for filling the auxiliary filler such as gauze or cotton is to prevent cement from entering the first screw hole 124 and blocking the first screw hole 124 during the bonding of the abutment 120. .

Then, the permanent cement 150 is interposed between the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 140, and then the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 140 are bonded. Resin luting cement or the like may be used as the permanent cement 150.

As the permanent cement 150 hardens while a certain time passes, the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 140 are bonded.

Referring to FIG. 4F, after the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 140 are bonded together, the auxiliary filler filled in the first screw hole 124 is removed. The abutments 120a, 120b, 120c, 120d and prosthesis 140 can then be separated from the fixture 110 by releasing all screws 130 through the first and second screw holes 124, 144. have. At this time, the abutments 120a, 120b, 120c, and 120d are bonded to the prosthesis 140 to form an integral prosthetic portion.

Unlike the conventional cement-retaining prosthesis (CRP), the prosthetic part can be separated even after the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 140 are bonded. This is because all the screws 130 can be removed through the second screw holes 144a, 144b, 144c, and 144d, and a space is structurally provided inside the improved abutment 120.

After separating the prosthetic part composed of the abutments 120a, 120b, 120c, and 120d and the prosthesis 140, residual cement around the abutment 120 and the gum may be removed, and the margin of the prosthesis 140 may be removed. Polishing can be finely controlled.

In the final finish, the prosthetic part is inserted into the oral cavity and fixed to the fixture 110 by the screw 130, and the second screw hole 144a, 144b, 144c, and 144d is filled with a synthetic resin or a ceramic material, respectively. Closing (144a, 144b, 144c, 144d) completes the procedure for SCRP implants.

Example 2

Figure 5a is a cross-sectional view of the SCRP implant according to the second embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5b is a cross-sectional view for explaining the separation process of the SCRP implant according to the second embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 5A, the SCRP implant according to the second embodiment includes a fixture 110, an abutment 120, a screw 130, and a prosthesis 160. For the fixture 110, the abutment 120, and the screw 130 except for the prosthesis 160, reference may be made to the description and the drawings of the first embodiment, and repeated content may be omitted.

A coupling protrusion 112 having a hexagonal pillar shape is formed on an upper surface of the fixture 110, and a screw hole corresponding to the screw 130 is formed in the fixture 110 along the center line of the coupling protrusion 112. The abutment 120 includes an accommodating part for accommodating the engaging protrusion 112, and the accommodating part is formed in a hexagonal column shape corresponding to the shape of the engaging protrusion 112. A first screw hole 124 is formed at the center of the abutment 120, and the screw 130 is fastened to the fixture 110 through the first screw hole 124.

The prosthesis 160 is composed of a layer structure of a metal framework 162 and porcelain 164, and the metal framework 162 includes holes corresponding to the first screw holes 124. The porcelain 164 is formed in a tooth shape on the metal framework 162. Generally, conventional prostheses have structures of metal frameworks and porcelain, but no holes are formed in the metal framework. On the contrary, a hole is formed in the metal framework 162 in the prosthesis 160 of the SCRP implant according to the present embodiment. By forming the porcelain 164 layer on the hole-formed metal framework 162, a portion 166P corresponding to the second screw hole may not be exposed to the outside immediately after the implant is formed, thereby forming an aesthetic appearance. This can significantly reduce the heterogeneity immediately after the procedure.

In addition, the second screw hole 166 may be subsequently formed using a fine drill D, and the screw 130 may be easily separated through the first and second screw holes 124 and 166. have. The treatment method of this embodiment is characterized in that the second screw hole 166 is subsequently formed as a modification of the SCRP implant treatment method according to the first embodiment.

By forming the second screw hole 166, the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 140 that are joined can be easily separated from the fixture 110, and the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 140 are fixed. Can be easily remounted in the chur (110).

The outer surface 122 of the abutment 120 and the inner surface of the metal framework 162 have approximately corresponding shapes, but are not completely consistent. That is, like a cement retaining implant, the prosthesis 160 may be passively adapted to the abutment 120 by providing a clearance between the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 160. In this case, dental cement is interposed between the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 160 to bond the abutment 120 and the prosthesis 160 to each other.

6 is a cross-sectional view of an SCRP implant according to another embodiment of the present invention similar to the second embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 6, the SCRP implant according to the present embodiment also includes a fixture 110, an abutment 120, a screw 130, and a prosthesis 160-1.

Prosthesis 160-1 is composed of porcelain 164-1 without a metal framework. After the prosthesis 160-1 of the SCRP implant according to the present embodiment is bonded, the portion 166P-1 corresponding to the second screw hole is not exposed to the outside to form an aesthetic appearance, and a heterogeneity immediately after the procedure. Can be significantly reduced. In addition, the second screw hole may be subsequently formed using the fine drill D and the like, and the screw 130 may be easily separated through the first and second screw holes. The treatment method of this embodiment is also characterized in that a second screw hole is subsequently formed as a modification of the SCRP implant treatment method according to the first embodiment.

Example 3

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view of an SCRP implant for explaining a use example of an SCRP implant abutment according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 is a partial cutaway perspective view of the abutment of FIG. 7 viewed from the bottom. 9 is a bottom view of the abutment of FIG. 7. The implant and abutment 200 illustrated in FIGS. 7 to 9 are based on an external connection method, and the description of the fixture 110 and the screw 130 may refer to the description and the drawings of the first embodiment. Repeated content may be omitted.

7 to 9, the implant includes a fixture 110, an abutment 200, and a screw 130.

The fixture 110 includes a thread 114 formed on an outer surface, and the fixture 110 is placed in the alveolar bone along the thread 114. The hexagonal pillar-shaped coupling protrusion 112 protrudes from the upper surface of the fixture 110, and a screw hole is formed along the axis of the coupling protrusion 112 and the fixture 110 to be coupled with the thread of the screw 130. do.

The abutment 200 is composed of an abutment body 210 integrally formed, and the first screw holes 220 and 225 penetrate the body 210 up and down. When the first screw holes 220 and 225 have different diameters to form a stage, the head of the screw 130 is supported on the stage. The screw 130 is inserted into the abutment 200 through the large diameter first screw hole 220.

A lower portion of the abutment 200 is formed with an accommodating portion 230 for accommodating the coupling protrusion 112 of the fixture 110, and the accommodating portion 230 is a close groove 240 and a free groove 250. Separated by.

The close contact groove 240 provides an inner surface of the hexagonal column shape having substantially the same dimensions as the coupling protrusion 112 (with some tolerances) to closely contact the upper end of the coupling protrusion 112. The clearance groove 250 is defined by a conical inclined surface formed to be inclined from the bottom of the contact groove 240, and provides a clearance space in which the coupling protrusion 112 can be easily separated and remounted. The clearance groove 250 extends in the shape of a fallopian tube, and may be manufactured by cutting a conventional hexagonal cement retaining abutment lower portion into a cone shape.

The inclined surface of the clearance groove 250 is inclined by about 15 degrees from the outer surface of the coupling protrusion 112. According to the present invention, the angle of the inclined surface is preferably about 2 to 45 degrees. If an angle of about 45 degrees or more is formed, the margin of contact of the abutment 200 and the margin of the fixture 110 become too narrow, thereby inhibiting the stability of the abutment 200.

In addition, when the depth of the close contact groove 240 is about 2/3 or less of the depth of the receiving portion 230, the abutment 200 can be stably mounted to the fixture 110. The deeper the contact groove 240 becomes, the more difficult the attachment and detachment of the abutment 200 becomes. If the depth of the contact groove 240 is too shallow, the coupling protrusion 112 and the contact groove 240 become futile. The abutment 200 can be easily returned. In addition, it may be affected by the tolerance between the coupling protrusion 112 and the contact groove 240. Therefore, the depth of the contact groove 240 should be properly maintained. According to the present invention, the depth of the contact groove 240 is about 10 to 80% of the depth of the receiving portion 230 is suitable. In the present embodiment, the margin diameter of the fixture 110 is about 4.1 mm, the depth of the receiving part is about 0.7 to 1.0 mm, and the depth of the contact groove 240 is about 0.1 to 0.6 mm. According to another configuration of the fixture, the diameter of the margin can be adjusted in various ways, such as about 5.0mm, about 5.5mm, about 6.0mm, accordingly, the dimensions of the receiving portion and the close contact groove can be variously changed.

10 is a front view for explaining the binding between the abutment and the fixture according to the third embodiment.

Referring to FIG. 10, when the prosthesis 140 and the abutment 200 are separated from the fixture 110, the upper end of the coupling protrusion 112 is separated from the contact groove 240 while the coupling protrusion 112 is separated from the fixture 110. The free space S is created in the periphery. The accommodation portion 230 of the abutment 200 may be easily separated from the fixture 110 by the free space S.

In addition, the coupling protrusion 112 is inserted into and fixed to the tight groove 240 of the accommodation portion 230 while the coupling protrusion 112 approaches the accommodation portion 230 of the abutment 200 even when remounting. In most cases, a part of the coupling protrusion 112 is in contact with the inclined surface of the clearance groove 250 first. The coupling protrusion 112 is guided to the contact groove 240 along the inclined surface, and the abutment 200 may be easily mounted to the fixture 110.

That is, the abutment 200 can be easily separated and mounted by the free space S. This property is more apparent when the procedure is performed by integrally forming two or more implants.

FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating a use example of the abutment according to the third embodiment, and illustrates a use example of integrally manufacturing and performing two implant prostheses. FIG.

Referring to FIG. 11, two fixtures 110 are placed and fixed in an alveolar bone (not shown), and the fixtures 110 are not parallel to each other and are inclined at an angle. On the other hand, the prosthesis 140 corresponding to the two teeth are integrally molded, and the abutments 200 are bonded to the lower portion of the prosthesis 140.

In order to separate the prosthesis 140 and the abutment 200, which are integrally bonded together, the screws are removed through the second screw holes 144a and 144b to remove the prosthesis 140 and the abutment 200 from the prosthesis 140 and the abutment. Pull 200 at the same time.

As shown, the screw is removed and the abutment 200 is moved only a little, so that a free space S is provided around the coupling protrusion 112, and the prosthesis 140 and the abutment are provided by the free space S. The fragment 200 can be easily separated. On the contrary, the integral prosthesis 140 and the abutment 200 may be easily bound to the fixture 110.

However, the conventional hexagonal abutment has the advantage that it can be repositioned at the same position in the fixture, but under the same conditions as in FIG. 11, the inlet end of the receiving portion is caught by the engaging protrusion 112 of the fixture so that the engaging protrusion ( It can not be easily separated from the fixture 110 because 112 prevents the separation. Of course, if the abutment and the fixture are twisted with each other, the abutments facing different directions may not be easily bound to the fixture.

In comparison with this, the abutment according to the present embodiment may be more usefully applied in the process of separating the abutment and the prosthesis, as shown in FIG. 4F, with the advantage that the repositioning is easily performed.

Example 4

12 is a partially cutaway perspective view of an abutment according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the bottom thereof, and FIG. 13 is a front view for explaining binding between the abutment and the fixture according to the fourth embodiment. 12 and 13 is characterized in that the abutment 201 has a cylindrical clearance 260, the other configuration and function is substantially the same as the configuration and function of the previous embodiments. Therefore, the description of the present embodiment may refer to the description and the drawings of the previous embodiments, the repeated content may be omitted.

12 and 13, the implant includes a fixture 110, an abutment 201 and a screw 130, and the abutment 201 is inserted through the first screw hole 220. It is fixed to the fixture 110 by a screw 130.

The abutment 201 is composed of an abutment body 210 integrally formed, and first screw holes 220 and 225 penetrate the body 210 up and down.

A lower portion of the abutment 201 is formed with an accommodating portion 231 for accommodating the coupling protrusion 112 of the fixture 110, and the accommodating portion 231 has a close contact groove 240 and a clearance groove 260. Separated by. The close contact groove 240 provides an inner surface of the hexagonal column shape corresponding to the engaging projection 112 and is in close contact with the upper end of the engaging projection 112. The clearance groove 260 is formed in a step shape from the bottom of the contact groove 240 and provides a space of a cylindrical shape having a larger dimension than the contact groove 240. Thus, the free groove 260 provides a free space S in which the engaging protrusion 112 can be easily separated and remounted.

Compared to the inclined clearance 250 of the third embodiment, the cylindrical clearance groove 260 can obtain almost the same effect.

Also in this embodiment, when the abutment 201 is separated from the fixture 110, the upper end of the coupling protrusion 112 is released from the close contact groove 240, the free space (S) around the coupling protrusion 112 ) Is generated, and the receiving portion 231 of the abutment 201 can be easily separated from the fixture 110 by the free space S. In addition, the abutment 201 may be easily mounted to the fixture 110 even when it is remounted.

Example 5

14 is a partial cutaway perspective view of the abutment according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the bottom thereof. The abutment 202 shown in FIG. 14 is characterized in that it has a compound clearance groove 255 which efficiently combines the inclined clearance space of the third embodiment and the stepped clearance space of the fourth embodiment. The configuration and function are substantially the same as the configuration and function of the previous embodiments. Therefore, the description of the present embodiment may refer to the description and the drawings of the previous embodiments, the repeated content may be omitted.

Referring to FIG. 14, the implant includes a fixture, abutment 201 and a screw, the abutment 201 being attached to the fixture 110 by a screw inserted through the first screw hole 220. It is fixed.

The abutment 201 is composed of an abutment body 210 integrally formed, and first screw holes 220 and 225 penetrate the body 210 up and down.

A lower portion of the abutment 201 is formed with an accommodating portion 232 for accommodating the coupling protrusion of the fixture, and the accommodating portion 232 is divided into a close groove 240 and a free groove 255. The close contact groove 240 provides an inner surface of the hexagonal column shape corresponding to the engaging projection and is in close contact with the upper end of the engaging projection.

The free groove 255 partially includes an inclined free space formed to be inclined in a conical shape from the bottom of the tight groove 240, and includes a stepped free space formed stepped again from the bottom of the inclined free space. The stepped clearance has a larger dimension than the inclined clearance and is formed in a cylindrical shape. In order to manufacture the clearance groove 255 according to the present embodiment, first, as shown in the third embodiment, a conical free space is formed, and then as shown in the fourth embodiment, the free groove ( 255).

If the free groove is formed only inclined, such as the free groove 250 of the third embodiment, the height of the close contact groove 240 tends to be too low to form a free groove having a sufficient space, the abutment In many cases, the bond between the fixture and the fixture was unstable. However, as in the present embodiment, the upper portion of the clearance groove 255 is inclined and the lower portion may be formed in a stepped shape so that the height of the contact groove 240 is sufficiently high, and a stable bond between the abutment and the fixture is achieved. Can be formed.

Also in this embodiment, when the abutment 202 is detached from the fixture, a free space is created around the coupling protrusion while the upper end of the coupling protrusion is separated from the contact groove 240, and the abutment is caused by the free space. Receiving portion 232 of 202 can be easily separated from the fixture.

Example 6

15 is a partial cutaway perspective view of an abutment according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention as viewed from the bottom thereof. The abutment 203 shown in FIG. 15 is formed to be inclined like the clearance groove 250 of the third embodiment, but the indentation portion 272 is connected to the contact portion of the tight groove 240 and the clearance groove 270. Other configurations and functions are substantially the same as the configurations and functions of the previous embodiments. Therefore, the description of the present embodiment may refer to the description and the drawings of the previous embodiments, the repeated content may be omitted.

Referring to FIG. 15, the implant includes a fixture, an abutment 203 and a screw, and the abutment 203 is fixed to the fixture by a screw inserted through the first screw hole 220.

The abutment 203 is composed of an abutment body 210 integrally formed, and the first screw holes 220 and 225 penetrate the body 210 up and down.

A lower portion of the abutment 203 is formed with an accommodating portion 233 for accommodating the hexagonal coupling protrusion of the fixture, and the accommodating portion 233 is divided into a close groove 240 and a clearance groove 270. The close contact groove 240 provides an inner surface of the hexagonal column shape corresponding to the engaging projection and is in close contact with the upper end of the engaging projection.

The clearance groove 270 includes an inclined clearance space formed to be inclined from the lower end of the contact groove 240 as in the third embodiment, and the engaging protrusion enters or separates into the receiving portion 233 along the inclination clearance space. Can be. In addition, a portion of the connection portion between the contact groove 240 and the clearance groove 270 adjacent to the entrance of the receiving portion 233, that is, the portion where the angled edge of the contact groove 240 meets the inclined surface of the clearance groove 270. An indentation 272 indented into is formed. Where the indentation 272 is formed is a portion in which the contact groove 240 is extended toward the inlet of the receiving portion 233, when the height of the contact groove 240 is formed to be high, the interference between the coupling protrusion and the binding of the fixture and It can interfere with separation. Therefore, the indentation portion 272 can be partially indented to facilitate the movement of the engaging projection.

In addition, when the clearance groove is formed only inclined like the clearance groove 250 of the third embodiment, the height of the contact groove 240 tends to be too low to form the clearance groove with sufficient space. In many cases, the bond between the butt and fixture was unstable. However, as in the present embodiment, the clearance groove 270 is formed in an inclined shape, but the indentation portion 272 may be formed so that the height of the contact groove 240 is sufficiently high, and it is stable between the abutment and the fixture. A bond can be formed.

Also in this embodiment, when the abutment 203 is separated from the fixture, a free space is created around the coupling protrusion while the upper end of the coupling protrusion is separated from the contact groove 240, and the abutment is caused by the free space. Receiving portion 233 of 203 can be easily separated from the fixture.

According to the present invention, the SCRP implant method adopts the advantages of both the screw retaining type and the cement retaining type, and solves the disadvantages of both methods to satisfy most conditions required by implant prostheses.

In other words, a passive fit between the implant and the prosthesis can be easily achieved, the screw is properly adjusted for less screw loosening, the screw can be retightened without damage to the prosthesis without loosening, and the separation and mounting of the prosthesis is easier than with cement retaining. It is easy to use, and the permanent use of cement is low, so there is no risk of dropping out, and it can be applied to narrow interstices. In addition, it is easy to remove gingival cement and polish the prosthetic margins, the pore process is simple, the clinical procedure is simple, the time and cost can be saved significantly, and the constraints are small to select the type of prosthetic metal. This free, immediate implant procedure is very advantageous, can be applied to almost all cases, and in many implant prostheses, one cement can be detached and reattached without damage to the prosthesis even if the cement of the abutment is fragile or poor. Even if tightly tightened, no excessive force is applied to the implant, and thus, the screw may be tightened with the required torque even for the implant having a weak bone.

In addition, the abutment according to the present invention forms a close groove and a clearance groove in the receiving portion that is engaged with the fixture. Therefore, the abutment can be repositioned in the fixture by the contact grooves, and the abutment and the prosthesis can be easily detached from the fixture even after being bonded by the clearance groove, and can be easily remounted. In particular, in the case of fixing two or more abutments in one prosthesis integrally, the free groove provides a free space so that the coupling protrusion of the fixture can be easily separated, and the close groove has abutment fixed to the fixture. Guide them to their location.

In addition, the prosthesis and abutment can be easily removed and remounted from the fixture, making it easy to maintain, repair and replace the implant in the event of fracture or loosening of the implant.

In addition, it is very economical because the abutment according to the present invention can be implemented based on the structure of most conventional abutments.

As described above, although described with reference to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, those skilled in the art will be variously modified and modified within the scope of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention described in the claims below. It will be appreciated that it can be changed.

Claims (20)

Repositioning and binding the abutment including the first screw hole to the fixture using the screw; Providing a prosthesis including a second screw hole formed corresponding to the first screw hole; And And affixing the prosthesis and the abutment via dental cement between the abutment and the prosthesis. The method of claim 1, Removing the screw through the second screw hole, separating the cemented prosthesis and abutment from the fixture, removing residual cement, and polishing the margin of the prosthesis. Procedure for the Maintenance of Implants. The method of claim 1, An accommodating portion is formed at a lower end of the abutment corresponding to the engaging protrusion formed at the upper end of the fixture, and the accommodating portion is configured to closely adhere to the upper end of the engaging protrusion and the engaging protrusion to easily move from the accommodating portion. The method of claim 1, wherein the prosthesis is easily separated from the abutment or easily adhered to the abutment by the free groove to provide a free space. The method of claim 3, The coupling protrusion and the contact groove is a method for the treatment of a screw / cement retaining implant, characterized in that formed in a non-circular. The method of claim 3, The clearance groove is inclined from the lower end of the contact groove to provide a clearance for the separation and contact of the engaging projections, the method of the screw / cement maintenance implant, characterized in that to guide the entry of the convex projections. The method of claim 3, The clearance groove is formed in a step shape from the lower end of the contact groove, the method of the screw / cement retaining implant, characterized in that to provide a clearance of a cylindrical or polygonal column shape having a larger dimension than the contact groove. The method of claim 1, And abutments are respectively attached to the plurality of fixtures spaced apart by a predetermined interval, and the prosthesis is simultaneously bonded with the abutments. Providing an implant in which an abutment comprising a first screw hole is fastened to the fixture by a screw and on which the prosthesis is bonded; Forming a second screw hole in the prosthesis corresponding to the first screw hole; And And unscrewing the screw through the first and second screw holes to separate the prosthesis and the abutment from the fixture. The method of claim 8, The prosthesis includes a metal framework formed in the bottom layer to directly receive the abutment and porcelain formed on the metal framework, wherein the metal framework comprises the first screw to form the second screw hole. A method for the treatment of a screw / cement-retaining implant comprising a hole corresponding to the hole. The method of claim 8, The prosthesis is a treatment method of a screw / cement retaining implant, characterized in that consisting of porcelain. In the abutment for screw / cement retaining implants, A screw hole formed by penetrating the body up and down; And A screw / cement containing a coupling protrusion formed at an upper end of a fixture, the receiving portion including an adhesion groove in close contact with the upper end of the coupling protrusion and a clearance groove providing a free space for easy separation and adhesion of the coupling protrusion. Abutments for Retention Implants. The method of claim 11, Abutment for a screw / cement retaining implant, characterized in that the contact groove is formed in a non-circular shape corresponding to the shape of the upper end of the engaging projection. The method of claim 11, The abutment for the screw / cement retaining implant, characterized in that the contact groove is formed in a circular shape corresponding to the upper end of the engaging projection. The method of claim 11, The ratio of the depth of the contact grooves to the depth of the receiving portion is 10% to 80% abutment for a screw-cement retaining implant. The method of claim 11, The clearance groove is formed obliquely from the lower end of the close groove to guide the entry of the engaging projections, the abutment for the screw-cement maintenance implant. The method of claim 15, An abutment for a screw / cement retaining implant, characterized in that the inner surface of the clearance groove is formed obliquely (conical shape). The method of claim 15, Abutment for a screw / cement-maintained implant, characterized in that the inner surface of the clearance is formed to be inclined about 2 ~ 45 degrees. The method of claim 11, The clearance groove is formed in a step shape from the bottom of the contact grooves, the abutment for a screw / cement retaining implant, characterized in that to provide a clearance space of a cylindrical or polygonal column shape having a larger dimension than the contact grooves. The method of claim 11, The clearance groove is formed to be inclined from the lower end of the close contact grooves are formed in the stepped space to guide the entrance of the engaging projections and stepped from the bottom of the inclined clearance grooves having a dimension larger than the bottom of the inclined clearance grooves. An abutment for a screw / cement-retaining implant, characterized by providing a stepped clearance in the shape of a cylinder or polygon. The method of claim 11, The close contact groove is formed in a polygonal column shape corresponding to the upper end of the coupling protrusion, and the clearance groove is formed to be inclined from the bottom of the adhesion groove to guide the entrance of the coupling protrusion, and the contact between the contact groove and the clearance groove A portion of the site adjacent to the inlet of the receiving portion is partially indented to facilitate the movement of the engaging projections.